INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2021
·
IF 5.645
Yaping Lv,Shangde Sun,Xiaowei Chen
Monoacylglycerol (MAG) is one kind of the oil-based nonionic surfactant, which has the excellent emulsifying property and biodegradability. In this work, several novel and green amino acid ionic liquids (AAILs) were developed as eco-friendly catalysts to promote the glycerolysis of castor ( Ricinus communis L.) oil for the green castor oil-based MAG production. Nine AAILs, consisting of an amino acid anion (arginine (Arg), lysine (Lys) and histidine (His)), and an organic hydroxide cation (choline hydroxide (ChOH), tetramethylhydroxide ammonium (TMAOH) and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH)), were synthesized by a simple and green chemical route and used as catalysts to catalyze the glycerolysis of castor oil. Effects of the structural composition of AAILs, reaction time (0-120 min), castor oil and glycerol molar ratio (1:2-1:10), AAIL load (4-12%), and temperature (60-120℃) on the glycerolysis were evaluated and optimized by Box–Behnken methodology. Particularly, the effect of free fatty acid content in castor oil (0-25%) was also investigated to analyze the fatty acid tolerance of AAILs. Among the tested AAILs, [Ch][Arg], [TMA][Arg], and [TBA][Arg] showed the outstanding catalysis performance. Especially, [Ch][Arg] as reaction catalyst for the glycerolysis of castor oil exhibited the best catalysis activity, and high selectivity for MAG formation. The maximum TAG conversion (99.6 ± 0.4%) and MAG content (83.3 ± 1.6%) were obtained under the optimized conditions: 93.7℃, 60.7 min, [Ch][Arg] load 12.3%, and substrate molar ratio 1:6.4. Besides, [Ch][Arg] still had 80% catalytic activity when the free fatty acid content was 20% in castor oil. Kinetic analysis of the glycrolysis was also evaluated. Accordingly, activation energy (Ea) and average reaction order (a) of the glycerolysis were obtained as 59.7 kJ/mol and 1.69, respectively.
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RSC Advances
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 23
·14193-14202
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IF 3.361
Yang Li,Liguo Wang,Yan Cao,Shuang Xu,Peng He,Huiquan Li,Hui Liu
A series of imidazolinium-based porous poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) with different anions prepared by free-radical copolymerization of an arene-bridged tris-vinylimidazolium salt and divinylbenzene (DVB) were constructed. The as-prepared PILs were characterized by BET, SEM, TEM, TGA and Elemental Analysis (EA), and the results showed that they had plentiful ionic sites, and abundant and stable mesopores. In particular, the density of ionic sites and pore structure of PILs could be controlled by adjusting the content of DVB. Moreover, the PILs were used as efficient heterogeneous catalysts for the decarboxylation of cyclic carbonates to epoxides for the first time. Results showed that the catalytic activity of PILs was positively correlated with the nucleophilicity of the anions in PILs, and PDVB-[PhTVIM]Cl-1 with a chloride anion-enriched skeleton displayed the best catalytic performance. Without any solvent or cocatalyst, PDVB-[PhTVIM]Cl-1 achieved a TOF value of 108.1 h−1 and the yield of butylene oxide of 89.6%, which was even better than the homogeneous IL-based catalysts (TOF value: 8.7 h−1) that had been previously reported. Meanwhile, PDVB-[PhTVIM]Cl-1 also exhibited excellent recyclability and substrate compatibility.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2021
·Vol. 188
·期 5
·1-13
·
IF 5.833
Liu Nijuan,Liu Jingjing,Niu Xiaohui,Wang Jia,Guo Ruibin,Mo Zunli
A facile chiral composite (3D-NGMWCNT@(S,S)-CIL) was prepared by integrating three-dimensional N-doped graphene oxide multi-walled carbon nanotubes (3D-NGMWCNT) and chiral ionic liquid ((S,S)-CIL) via electrodeposition. SEM, XRD, XPS, and electrochemical methods were used to characterize this composite and it revealed that the integrated 3D-NGMWCNT@(S,S)-CIL composite showed excellent electrochemical performance. Therefore, a 3D-NGMWCNT@(S,S)-CIL/GCE electrochemical sensor was constructed for enantioselective recognition of Trp enantiomers. The coefficient ( I L / I D ) of the 3D-NGMWCNT@(S,S)-CIL/GCE chiral sensor was 2.26 by differential pulse voltammograms (DPV), revealing that the synthesized 3D-NGMWCNT@(S,S)-CIL had a higher affinity for L-Trp than D-Trp. Moreover, UV-V is spectroscopy and a water contact angle test also proved this result. The 3D-NGMWCNT@(S,S)-CIL/GCE sensor had a detection limit of 0.024 μM and 0.055 μM, and sensitivity of 62.35 μA·mM −1 ·cm −2 and 30.40 μA·mM −1 ·cm −2 for L-Trp and D-Trp, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 to 5 mM. In addition, the 3D-NGMWCNT@(S,S)-CIL/GCE chiral sensor showed excellent stability, and good reproducibility and was applied to detect L-Trp or D-Trp in real samples. The novel 3D-NGMWCNT@(S,S)-CIL/GCE chiral sensor provides an efficient and convenient strategy for chiral enantioselective recognition. Graphical abstract
Schematic construction of the 3D-NGMWCNT@(S,S)-CIL/GCE chiral electrochemical sensors
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JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2021
·
IF 8.742
Xipeng Song,Chao Wang,Shuangshuang Li,Hongpeng Liu,Chunhua Zhang
The trade-off between permeability and selectivity is a substantial impediment to the application of polyamide (PA) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. To overcome this problem, we prepared a high-performance PA-poly(ionic liquid) (PIL, poly(1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate)) RO membrane by two-step polymerization. An interpenetrating network structure of PA-PIL with water transmembrane channels was constructed based on hydrophilic PIL chains, similar capillary networks scattered throughout bodily tissue. Compared to the primary RO membrane, the water contact angle of the PA-PIL membrane decreased from 67.7° to 40.1°, and the water flux increased by nearly 50% at 15.5 bar. The membrane benefited from the electrostatic repulsion between the imidazole cations and sodium ions , and the NaCl rejection rates increased from 97.3% to 99.2%. More importantly, the PA-PIL membrane exhibited excellent antifouling and antimicrobial properties and long-term separation stability owing to the antibacterial activities of the imidazole structure in PIL and the smooth membrane surface. The excellent performance of PA-PIL modified membranes make them potentially very useful in seawater desalinization and other areas.
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IONICS
·
2021
·Vol. 27
·期 7
·2945-2953
·
IF 2.817
Gong Xiaodong,Luo Huan,Liu Gang,Luo Cong,Niu Yanhua,Li Guangxian
The gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) with poly(acrylonitrile-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PAN-POSS/PVDF) blends as free-standing porous membrane and ionic liquid (IL) as absorption substance were successfully prepared. By tuning the content of PAN-POSS, the porosity and absorptivity of the blended membranes could be regulated. Due to the higher porosity and absorptivity, the ionic conductivity of GPEs with 15 wt% PAN-POSS reaches to 1.91 × 10 −3 S cm −1 at 20 o C. Meanwhile, the electrolytes also show excellent mechanical properties, thermal stability, and fire resistance. More importantly, the high electrochemical window of 4.6 V (vs. Li/Li + ) has been acquired and the testing cells with Li metal anode and LiFePO 4 cathode show a tolerable rate performance. Such prepared GPEs are expected to be applied to lithium batteries with high safety and electrochemical performance.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Pan Liu,Kai Jin,Wingleung Wong,Yanying Wang,Tao Liang,Meng He,Huiyue Li,Chunfeng Lu,Xue Tang,Yuange Zong,Chunya Li
Chronic wounds are more difficult to be cured than the general wounds, particularly for the wounds of diabetic patients. It also increases the risk of bacterial infections and may cause other serious complications. Electrical stimulation (ES) can promote the healing of wounds efficiently. However, single electrode-based ES strategy is difficult to cover the entire part of the wounded area that may cause unsatisfactory treatment efficiency. We herein reported a multifunctional and conductive hydrogel dressing developed based on the polymerized ionic liquid and konjac glucomannan (KGM). It was found that this newly developed hydrogel dressing not only possesses excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility but also provides a durable and efficient sterilization effect without releasing antibacterial factors. With the enhancement of current electrical stimulation by using this hydrogel dressing, the migration and proliferation of fibroblast cells and the treatment effect towards diabetic skin wounds were significantly improved. The polymerized and ionic liquid functionalized KGM hydrogel dressing coupled with ES may be able to provide a novel strategy for treating chronic wounds efficiently.
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JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
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2020
·
IF 5.278
Qingtao Wang,Yiqi Xu,Jing Zhou,Longyu Xu,Lu Yu,Dahao Jiang,Chunshan Lu,Zhiyan Pan,Qunfeng Zhang,Xiaonian Li
We present here a novel fabrication of highly effective supported Pd catalysts (Pd@S-1@IL) derived from Pd@S-1 core–shell material coated with ionic liquids (ILs), [Prmim][Cl], for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene. Catalytic testing on Pd@S-1@IL catalyst illustrated a remarkable selectivity towards semi-hydrogenation (over 90% for ethylene, irrespective of conversion level). Moreover, no indications of deactivation were observed after 800 h on stream even under relatively severe conditions. Detailed characterization indicated that the selectivity enhancement was ascribed to the filter effect along with electronic effect on the adsorption/desorption processes arising from the ionic liquids layer. The stability, which has ranked the top reported values over advanced Pd-based catalysts, is attributed to the confinement effect of Pd NPs within the supports thus restricting the migration of metals. The fabrication of core–shell architecture combined with the advantages of ionic liquid layer offers a promising guideline for efficient catalytic transfer of chemical resource.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2020
·
IF 6.215
Kun Yue,Chenxi Zhai,Shaonan Gu,Yanyan He,Jingjie Yeo,Guowei Zhou
Metallic lithium (Li) has been researched extensively in recent years due to its high theoretical specific capacity and its extremely low redox potential . However, uncontrolled Li dendrites growth during the charging process can lead to safety problems and shortens the life of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Our recent work has discovered that an ionic liquid (IL), namely, N-methyl, (2-methoxyethyl)-pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([MEMP][TFSI]), can significantly improve the cycling performance when added into the conventional electrolyte. Compared with LMBs with no ionic liquids (ILs), those with mixed electrolytes containing [MEMP][TFSI] can increase the effective cycle number by as much as 84.6%. Li metal anode with mixed electrolytes containing [MEMP][TFSI] presents low and stable polarization, excellent cycle performance, uniform Li deposit, and thinner Li layer, as well as low interfacial impedance. Density functional calculations are carried out and demonstrate that the addition of [MEMP][TFSI] enhances the interaction between Li and oxygen as well as the charge transfer from the Li, which prevents Li deposit growth at the Li metal anode surface and also enables a more stable battery cycling performance. The key findings of this study provide a useful method to research the molecular engineering of electrolyte components by experiments and by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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Chemical Engineering and Processing-Process Intensification
·
2020
·
IF 3.731
Chenhua Shu,Faying Lai,Feng Zhu,Dan Luo
In order to lower desulfurization cost, the NaBH 4 preparation via NaBO 2 electroreduction was introduced into the integrated process of extraction and reductive desulfurization. Accordingly, a novel desulfurization method was developed where NaBH 4 can be recycled at the same time as desulfurization. The process of NaBH 4 preparation via NaBO 2 electroreduction was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry and the effect of pulse parameters on desulfurization efficiency was optimized by orthogonal experiments. Under optimal conditions desulfurization efficiency of more than 97 % was obtained for model fuel oil. Desulfurization mechanism and kinetics was probed. Results showed that the desulfurization of DBT should proceed over direct cleavage of C S bond and desulfurization reaction could be treated as pseudo-first-order reaction. Furthermore, the structures of original and recycled ionic liquids (ILs) were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance and the desulfurization performance of the recycled ILs was also investigated. Results showed that ILs maintained their original structures after regeneration and displayed good reusability. In summary, the novel desulfurization process is feasible and promising.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2020
·
IF 6.215
Xiaobai Li,Leipeng Zhang,Gaoping Xu,Bo Wang,Shuang Yu,Zichen Ren,Feifei Ren,Shuliang Dou,Yao Li,Jiupeng Zhao
In this study, ionic liquids (ILs) are used instead of conventional volatile aqueous or organic electrolytes to fabricate durable polyaniline (PANI)-based infrared variable emittance devices (IR-VEDs). It is of significance to find that different IL electrolyte systems have a great effect on the electrochemical stability and IR tunability of the PANI films. The present PANI films exhibit much better electrochemical stability when cycling in ILs having tetrafluoroborate and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anions than cycling in ILs with dicyanamide and tricyanomethanide anions. Furthermore, compared with pure IL electrolytes, the addition of high-mobility cations (Li + ) into ILs can significantly enhance the IR tunability of PANI films. The IR-VED based on a preferable ionogel electrolyte membrane exhibits a high emittance variation (Δԑ) of 0.42 in 2.5–25 µm region, and fast switching times of 14.6 s/17.0 s. More importantly, the device still maintains a high Δԑ value of 0.35 after 500 electrochemical cycles, demonstrating promising applications in the dynamic IR regulation field.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2020
·
IF 4.939
Le-Qing Fan,Qiu-Mei Tu,Cheng-Long Geng,Yong-Lan Wang,Si-Jia Sun,Yun-Fang Huang,Ji-Huai Wu
More attention has been focused on the design of all-solid-state supercapacitors (ASSCs) due to that this kind of supercapacitors can avoid some problems such as electrolyte leakage occurring in liquid electrolyte-based supercapacitors. However, ASSCs present lower specific energy, which is generally in great relation with the very low ionic conductivity of utilized electrolyte. To achieve high-specific-energy ASSCs with superior performance, a redox-active ionic liquid-based ionogel electrolyte (IGE) consisting of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (BMIMI) IL, poly(vinylidene fluoride- co -hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was prepared by a solution-casting method. By optimizing BMIMI/PVDF-HFP and CNTs/PVDF-HFP mass ratios, the obtained PVDF-HFP/BMIMI/CNTs IGE presents the maximum ionic conductivity as high as 17.6 mS cm −1 . A sandwiched ASSC constructed by two identical activated carbon electrodes and an as-prepared PVDF-HFP/BMIMI/CNTs IGE possesses a high specific energy of 50.1 Wh kg −1 as a result of the extra pseudocapacitance contribution from the redox-reactions related to I-based ions happening at the interface between electrolyte and electrode and the increased ionic conductivity of IGE for the existence of CNTs network into the IGE providing fast ion transfer channel. The self-discharge behavior of this device is effectively weakened due to the addition of CNTs. Furthermore, the promising cyclic stability is achieved.
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JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
·
2020
·
IF 2.857
Jia Zhao,Qi Lei,Fang He,Chen Zheng,Yang Liu,Xiaopeng Zhao,Jianbo Yin
The size influence of quaternary ammonium countercations in poly[4-styrenesulfonyl(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide][tetraalkylammonium] (P[STFSI][Nnnnn], n = 1, 2, and 3) poly(ionic liquid)s on dielectric polarization and the stimuli-responsive electrorheological effect is investigated by dielectric spectroscopy and rheology, and the microstructure-level understanding behind the influence is analyzed by Raman and X-ray scattering spectra. The size influence of quaternary ammonium cations is found to be nonmonotonic. The largest electrorheological effect accompanied by best polarization properties is demonstrated in P[STFSI][N2222]. Raman spectra and activation energy measurements demonstrate that the nonmonotonic influence originates from the fact that, compared to small N1111+ and large N3333+, intermediate N2222+ as countercations can contribute a higher mobile ion number and lower activation energy barrier of ion dissociation and motion. But the experimental values of activation energy are not consistent with theoretically calculated values by considering the ion pair electrostatic potential and elastic force contribution of the matrix. By X-ray scattering and diffraction characterizations, it is clarified that the nonmonotonic influence and the inconsistency of activation energy originate from the size influence of Nnnnn+ on the micromorphology of P[STFSI][Nnnnn]. Compared to the semicrystalline structure of P[STFSI][N1111] and the ionic aggregation structure of P[STFSI][N3333], the relatively uniform amorphous structure of P[STFSI][N2222] may be responsible for its lower activation energy barrier of ion motion. This study further provides insights into the design and preparation of future poly(ionic liquid)-based electrorheological materials by considering not only molecular structure but also micromorphology.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）