Materials Today Chemistry
·
2022
·
IF 7.613
X. Lu,Adam F. Lee,Xiaoli Gu
Lignin and glyoxal are potential sustainable substitutes for preparing lignin-based epoxy resins but exhibit poor flammability ; although lignin incorporation enhances the charring capacity of thermosetting materials, intense burning occurs on ignition. A metal-organic framework (P-MOF) comprising cobalt and phosphorus/nitrogen components was therefore synthesized to improve fire safety. Limiting oxygen index (LOI) and vertical burning tests (UL-94) indicate excellent flame retardancy, with a higher LOI value and V-0 rating level achieved after P-MOF addition. Cone calorimeter tests investigating gaseous inhibition of epoxy matrixes reveal that heat release and smoke production dramatically decrease on addition of P-MOF because of fire quenching (phosphorus organic component) and smoke suppression (cobalt component). Synergy between lignin and P-MOF components suppressed combustion of condensed phases, producing more char residues with a higher degree of graphitization. A mechanism for the flame retardancy of the epoxy composite is proposed, which highlights the promise of P-MOF additives for reducing fire hazards due to cobalt-catalyzed CO oxidation during epoxy burning.
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高影响因子
THERMOCHIMICA ACTA
·
2023
·
IF 3.5
Manman Xue,Jie Xu,Yan Li,Wenke Jia,Hongguan Wang,Zhipeng Xie,Fanhui Guo,Feng Liang,Yixin Zhang,Jianjun Wu
Fir wood is widely used in construction, however its thermal degradability and flammability pose significant challenges to its safe use. In this work, we used a new carbonaceous nanomaterial called single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs), in combination with lignin and potassium carbonate to prepare a composite flame retardant and investigated the effect of different pretreatments on the flame retardant effect of fir wood. After delignification pretreatment and vacuum impregnation of fir wood with the flame retardant, the pk 1 -HRR and the pk 2 -HRR decreased by 37.59 % and 25.07 %, THP decreased by 55.71 %, TSP decreased by 59.81 %, COP significantly decreased by 74.02 %, char residual weight increased by 14.11 % compared with new wood (NW), and LOI reached 28.8 %. And the composite flame retardant forms a char layer during burning, which acts as a protective layer. This provides new insights into the application of SWCNHs in wood flame retardancy.
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APPLIED ENERGY
·
2023
·
IF 11.2
Mian Xu,Xianqing Zhu,Yiming Lai,Ao Xia,Yun Huang,Xun Zhu,Qiang Liao
Owing to the low synthetic cost, low toxicity for most types and outstanding lignin solubility, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been recently exploited in fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass . Unfortunately, the DES-fractionated lignin, as another major product, was usually ignored and disposed improperly. Accordingly, the present study employed DES (choline chloride:lactic acid) to fractionate natural biomass for producing highly dispersed lignin nanoparticles. The obtained nano-lignin was utilized to prepare electrode materials for supercapacitors for the first time, and a higher specific capacitance than those prepared from conventional lignin was acquired. The results demonstrated that the lignin fractionation rate could be promoted via extending treatment time at low temperatures, whereas the DES to biomass mass ratio might be the lignin dissolution-limiting factor at high temperature. Uniform lignin nanoclusters could be obtained after DES fractionation, and increasing fractionation temperature was beneficial for preparing nano-lignin in DES. The cleavages of lignin-carbohydrate complexes and lignin subunits might account for the formation mechanism of lignin oligomers . Meanwhile, the aggregation of monolignols could contribute to the growth of lignin nanoparticles. The one-step KOH activation could induce hierarchical pores in lignin fractionated from moderate residence time, whereas two-step method was advisable for more aggregated DES-lignin. Based on the directly activated DES-lignin with a high surface area of 3577.3 m 2 g −1 , the prepared supercapacitor exhibited a superior specific capacitance of 248.8 F g −1 . This study aimed to provide a novel method for producing high-performance energy storage carbon materials based on DES fractionated lignin from lignocellulose.
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高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2023
·
IF 11.1
Xinyu Wu,Hailan Lian,Xiaoyu Li
Ultraviolet radiation (UV) has a significant effect on the wood, and the commonly used UV shielding agents are easily degraded. Lignin is a bio-based UV screening agent and tuning of its nanoparticles is meaningful for realizing the UV shielding properties and stability of composites. With the modification of the deep eutectic solvents based on sulfamic acid and urea, lignin nanoparticles with amino functional groups were prepared, and a protective layer with UV shielding properties was constructed on the surface of the poplar veneer. The phenolic hydroxyl groups, carbonyl groups, and conjugated structure of lignin nanoparticles endowed the composites with the properties of UV shielding, photothermal conversion , and photothermal de-icing. The results of this study provide a benchmark for realizing the low-cost and sustainable preparation of wood composites with UV shielding and are conducive to promoting the high-value application of lignin nanoparticles.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
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IF 15.1
Yanfan Yang,Hao Zhou,Xiaoqi Chen,Tingting Liu,Yong Zheng,Lin Dai,Chuanling Si
Lignin, a natural adhesive in plants, has received extensive attention from both academia and industry. However, limited by the reactivity and heterogeneity of industrial lignin raw materials, lignin-based adhesives are not competitive in terms of adhesive performance and reusability. Here, a green and facile method is reported for a polyphenol lignin (Phenol-lignin)-based, ultrastrong, reusable, wide temperature adaptability, and solvent-resistant vitrimer adhesive with molecular designs of lignin extending beyond those in nature. The fabricated Phenol-lignin-based vitrimer exhibits the world’s highest wood lap shear strength of 12.87 MPa among the vitrimer adhesives. Even in extreme environments, such as boiling water (100 °C), liquid nitrogen (-196 °C), and organic solvents, the Phenol-lignin-based vitrimer-bonded wood sheets can still maintain a high level of strength. In addition, due to the good light-to-heat conversion performance of lignin, Phenol-lignin-based vitrimer can be repaired by infrared laser irradiation. The recycled adhesive retained 93.1 % of its strength. This new lignin material will be incorporated into not only industrial adhesives but also various green material systems in the future.
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高影响因子
LANGMUIR
·
2023
·
IF 3.9
Zhibiao Guo,Mingkun Wang,Lei Qiao,Jianxiang Wang,Zhiwei He
Frequent oil spills and the discharge of industrial oily wastewaters have become a serious threat to the environment, ecosystem, and human beings. Herein, a photothermal, magnetic, and superhydrophobic PU sponge decorated with a Fe3O4/MXene/lignin composite (labeled as S–Fe3O4/MXene/lignin@PU sponge) has been designed and prepared. The obtained superhydrophobic/superoleophilic PU sponge possesses excellent chemical stability, thermal stability, and mechanical durability in terms of being immersed in corrosive solutions and organic solvents and boiling water and being abrased by sandpapers, respectively. The oil adsorption capacities of the S–Fe3O4/MXene/lignin@PU sponge for various organic liquids range from 29.1 to 70.3 g/g, and the oil adsorption capacity for CCl4 can remain 69.6 g/g even after 15 cyclic adsorption tests. The separation efficiencies of the S–Fe3O4/MXene/lignin@PU sponge for n-hexane and CCl4 are higher than 98% in different environments (i.e., water, hot water, 1 mol/L NaOH, 1 mol/L NaCl, and 1 mol/L HCl). More importantly, the introduction of three light absorbers (i.e., Fe3O4, MXene, and lignin) into the S–Fe3O4/MXene/lignin@PU sponge shows a synergistic effect in the photothermal heat conversion performance, and the maximum surface temperature reaches 64.4 °C under sunlight irradiation (1.0 kW/m2). The separation flux of the S–Fe3O4/MXene/lignin@PU sponge for viscous LT147 vacuum pump oil reaches 35,469 L m–2 h–1 under sunlight irradiation, showing an increase of 27.3% compared to that of oil adsorption processes without the photothermal effect. Thus, the rational design of superhydrophobic sponges by introducing proper photothermal heat absorbers provides new insights into facile and cost-effective preparation of sponges for efficient oil/water separation.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2023
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IF 6
Shuyan Chen,Xunping Zhou,Junxia Yang,Yan Dai,Wenbin Wang,Wenming Jiang,Xueliang Li,Jianan Zhang
In this study, we successfully synthesized a new bisphenyl sulphonate Gemini surfactant (BPSG) from lignin using a simple method. And a comprehensive evaluation of the physicochemical properties of this BPSG surfactant was conducted, including surface activity, emulsification stability, salinity tolerance, static adsorption, and oil/water interfacial activity. Comparing the BPSG surfactant with commonly used single-chain surfactants like dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) and lignin sulphobetaine zwitterionic surfactant (LSBA), our results demonstrated that the BPSG surfactant exhibited higher surface activity and superior emulsification stability. Even at a NaCl concentration of 5.0 wt%, the oil-water emulsion prepared by BPSG surfactant remained stable. Furthermore, the BPSG surfactant displayed remarkable interfacial activities and resistance to salt. It effectively reduced the interfacial tension (IFT) between Huabei crude oil and brine to an ultra-low level of 10 −3 mN/m without any additional additives. And the BPSG surfactant showed enhanced alkali synergy compared to common surfactants and maintained the ultra-low oil/water IFT across a wide range of salinity levels. The static adsorption experiments revealed that BPSG had significantly lower adsorption amount on the quartz sand compared to ordinary surfactants, allowing for the sustained achievement of ultra-low IFT during the adsorption process for up to four consecutive days.
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高影响因子
FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Danni Liu,Xiaopo Niu,Zhen Guo,Kaige Zhang,Nan Jiang,Yue Qin,Wenli Zhao,Xiangwen Zhang,Qingfa Wang
Upgrading lignocellulose biomass to renewable fuels is essential to achieve carbon neutrality. However, the multiple synthetic, and purification steps as well as the employment of solvents in the production of renewable fuel inhibit the overall yields and cause the waste of energy and resources. Herein, a new catalytic strategy for one-pot solvent-free sequential synthesis (OSS) of perhydrofluorene and dicyclohexylmethane was developed from lignin-derivatives. A two-dimensional layered nanosheet niobium phosphate (NbOPO 4 -IB) catalyst was fabricated to efficiently integrate the alkylation of phenol and benzyl alcohol and sequential hydrodeoxygenation with a cocatalyst of Ru/C. The high crystalline NbOPO 4 phase and the lamellar morphology contributes to the large specific surface area to expose more active sites, especially more Brønsted acid sites. The NbOPO 4 -IB catalyst with a suitable Brønsted/Lewis acid ratio of 1.49 favors the selectivity of fuel precursors benzyl phenol in the alkylation and also provides the appropriate acid strength to promote hydrodeoxygenation activity. NbOPO 4 -IB also shows good reusability. Excessive phenol plays a vital role in promoting the alkylation reaction by dissolving the intermediates, and then into cyclohexane to enhance the H 2 dissolution in the hydrodeoxygenation. A possible mechanism of OSS from lignin-derivatives into polycycloalkanes over the cocatalysts was proposed.
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Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2023
·
IF 11.1
Zhiqiang Shan,Xiaohua Jia,Yunfei Bai,Jin Yang,Yunfeng Su,Haojie Song
Conventional paper-based wear-resistant materials employ thermosetting resin as the matrix, which are difficult to recycle, degrade, and reuse after scrapping, causing significant damage to the environment. The discovery of sustainable alternatives has the potential to transform the manufacture of paper-based wear-resistant materials into low-carbon production. Herein, inspired by spider webs sticking to insects, a paper-based self-lubricating material based on lignin-cellulose-graphene layered interwoven structure was prepared by lignin-cellulose assisted in-situ exfoliation of flake graphite strategy. Graphene adheres to the interlaced cellulose network, while lignin serves as a natural binder and matrix, resulting in a 2D interwoven structure. The paper-based film had a 37.4% greater average mechanical strength than pure lignin-cellulose film and a 56% lower toughness loss following heat treatment. The friction coefficient of the film-15% was 173.3% lower than that of the film-10%, and it maintained long-term stability with a low wear rate of 3.9 × 10 −3 mm 3 /(N·m). Furthermore, the end-of-life products were recycled five times and can be degraded by microorganisms in moist soil within 40 days. The degradation products can provide nutrients for plant growth, indicating that it is a potential alternative to non-recyclable wear-resistant materials for light-duty transmission machinery.
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高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 11.4
Lan Yao,Mengzhen Chai,Pingping Cui,Chang Geun Yoo,Jie Yuan,Xianzhi Meng,Haitao Yang
Valorization of lignocellulose has received a lot of attention due to the abundance of lignocellulosics. It was showed that synergistic carbohydrate conversion and delignification could be achieved via ethanol assisted DES (choline chloride/lactic acid) pretreatment. To explore the reaction mechanism of lignin in the DES, milled wood lignin obtained from Broussonetia papyrifera was subjected to pretreatment at critical temperatures. The results suggested that ethanol assistance could contribute the incorporation of ethyl groups and reduce condensation structures of Hibbert’s ketone. Adding ethanol at 150 °C not only decreased formation of condensed G unit (from 7.23% to 0.87%), but also removed J and S’ substructures, thus effectively reducing the adsorption of lignin on cellulase, and promoting the glucose yield after enzymatic hydrolysis.
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PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2023
·
IF 8.2
Xiangyu Chen,Jiahua Ma,Xiaoshuai Sun,Chuanshan Zhao,Jiehua Li,Hui Li
The rational design of porous carbon materials and hydrogel electrolytes with excellent mechanical properties and low-temperature tolerance are significance for the development of flexible solid-state supercapacitors. In this study, we introduce a novel methodology for synthesizing SiC/N, S-doped porous carbon nanosheets from bamboo pulp red liquor (RL). We leverage the SiO 2 and the sodium salt in RL as templates and sodium lignosulfonate as sulfur dopants for the pyrolysis process and use NH 4 Cl as a nitrogen dopant. This innovative approach results in a material with a remarkable specific surface area of 1659.19 m 2 g −1 , a specific capacitance of 308 F g −1 at a current density of 1 A g −1 and excellent stability. Additionally, we harness alkali lignin extracted from RL to enhance a poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix, creating a gel electrolyte with low-temperature tolerance and outstanding mechanical properties. A flexible solid-state supercapacitor, which incorporates our electrodes and gel electrolyte, demonstrates high energy density (5.2 W h kg −1 at 251 W kg −1 power density). Impressively, it maintains 82 % of its capacitance over 10,000 cycles of charge and discharge. This provides a new solution for the development of flexible solid-state supercapacitors.
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高影响因子
Polymers
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 24
·4709
·
IF 5
Xu Li,Chang Liu,Xinyu An,Li Niu,Jacko Feng,Zhiming Liu
Lignin was utilized as an environmentally friendly synergistic agent to augment the fire resistance and mechanical characteristics of rigid polyurethane foam (PUF)/melamine–formaldehyde resin ammonium polyphosphate (MFAPP). The incorporation of lignin significantly enhanced the charring capability and flame retardancy of PUF/MFAPP. Specifically, PUF/MFAPP12/A-lignin3exhibited a charring residue of 23.1% at 800 °C, accompanied by an increase in the limiting oxygen index (LOI) to 23.1%, resulting in a UL-94 V-0 rating. The cone calorimeter test (CCT) revealed that the peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke production (TSP) values of PUF/MFAPP12/A-lignin3were all lower than for pure PUF. MFAPP and alkali lignin exerted a noticeable influence on the physical and mechanical properties, leading to increases in density (35.4 kg/m3), thermal conductivity (32.68 mW/(m·K)), and compressive strength (160.5 kPa). Observations of the morphology and elemental composition of char residues after combustion indicated the formation of an intact, thick, and continuous char layer enriched with nitrogen and phosphorus elements, which acted as a protective shield for the underlying foam.Keywords:alkali lignin;rigid polyurethane foam;flame retardancy;mechanical properties
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）