JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
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2022
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IF 3.318
Xiaoxu Cheng,Zifeng Pi,Zhong Zheng,Shu Liu,Fengrui Song,Zhiqiang Liu
Wu-tou decoction (WTD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula which has been used for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for a thousand years. However, the underlying mechanism of WTD in treating RA is still unclear. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the role of gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites in the treatment of RA. Hence, this study aims to investigate the roles of microbiota and microbial metabolites in the treatment of RA with WTD. Firstly, the therapeutic effects of WTD on adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats were evaluated. Then, the 16S rRNA sequencing analysis was used to clarify the changes of the intestinal microbiota and obtain the key microbiota affected by WTD. The important microbial metabolites were quantitated to explore the metabolic characteristics of WTD against RA by targeted metabolomics method. Finally, correlation analysis was performed to investigate the functional correlation among the gut microbiota, metabolites and RA-related serum indexes. The results indicated that WTD could relieve arthritis and reverse gut microbiota dysbiosis. The variation of short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, tryptophan metabolites and amino acids, which are important microbial metabolites, were reversed by WTD intervention. The correlation studies proved that WTD could regulate inflammation and intestinal barrier function partially by modulating Bacteroides, Prevotella, Akkermansia and their associated acetic acid, butyric acid, cholic acid and indole propionic acid. The anti-RA effects of WTD were partially mediated by gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. This study provides a new insight for treating RA and highlights the importance of gut microbiota in the treatment of diseases.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2022
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IF 10.723
Yu-Heng Mao,Yixuan Xu,Fenglin Song,Zhao-Mei Wang,Yan-Heng Li,Mingzhu Zhao,Fang He,Zezhong Tian,Yan Yang
This study assessed the protective effects of konjac glucomannan (KGM) on gut microbiome against the antibiotic perturbation in C57BL/6J mice. The native KGM (1.82 × 10 7 ) was partially hydrolyzed by endo-1,4-β-mannanase, and two hydrolyzed fractions (KGM-eM with 3.82 × 10 5 Da and KGM-eL with 8.27 × 10 3 Da) were characterized and applied to mice with perturbation of antibiotics in comparison with the native KGM. The results showed that the native KGM better maintained the microbial diversity and composition in feces, and increased the production of the individual and total SCFAs in feces and serum with perturbation of antibiotics. In contrast, KGM with lower MW (KGM-eM and KGM-eL) increased the proportion of Lactobacillus and SCFA production with no antibiotics, however, the prebiotic effects were eliminated with perturbation of antibiotics. These results have demonstrated the protective effects of KGM with high MW on gut microbiome against the antibiotic perturbation in vivo.
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JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
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2022
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IF 5.195
Zheng Liu,Wen-ting Dong,Wen-feng Wei,Jin-hai Huo,Wei-ming Wang
Ethnopharmacological relevance Traditional Chinese medicine categorizes Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia as “lung heat”, and treatment with heat clear and detoxify. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the lungs and intestines come from the same source, and the intestine is related to pneumonia. This is the same as the gut-lung axis theory. Qinbaiqingfei concentrate pills (QBs) were modified based on Cough San in the ancient medical book Medical Awareness . It clears lung heat, moisturizes the lungs and dredges collaterals, and has a good ability to treat Mycoplasma pneumoniae . Aim of the study A rat model of Mycoplasma pneumoniae was established. From the aspect of intestinal flora and mucosal immunity, the potential mechanism of the QBs was researched. Materials and methods First, the content of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in lung tissue and the levels of the inflammatory factors IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α and INF-γ were detected. To determine the expression of NF-kB related proteins in lung tissue, which can understand the ability in treating disease. Next, metagenomic sequencing was performed to detect changes in short-chain fatty acids, proving the ability of the drug to regulate intestinal microecology. Finally, HDAC , LPS , SIgA, etc. were detected to facilitate the correlation of the overall experimental indicators. Results QBs reduces the levels of IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α and INF-γ in the serum by inhibiting the expression of MyD88 , IKKα, IκBα, and NF-κB p65 in lung tissue. In addition, QBs restores the ratio of gram-negative bacteria to gram-positive bacteria in the intestine, restores the secretion of acetic acid, propionic acid , butyric acid , isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid , and promotes the secretion of NF-κB p65 and SIgA by HDAC1/3. The result is that the lung tissue is repaired and the proliferation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae is inhibited. Conclusions From the “gut-lung axis”, a new research perspective was discovered. QBs intervened in the intestines and lungs to treat Mycoplasma pneumoniae .
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Reaction Chemistry & Engineering
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2022
·Vol. 7
·期 4
·917-928
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IF 5.2
Tongxin Xiao,Ying Chen,Yuning Liang
The conversion of CO2 and water into valuable chemicals under sunlight irradiation is of great significance for solving the widespread problems of both limited energy sources and global warming. In this work, new artificial photosynthesis was established through a photocatalysis process of reducing CO2 to CH4. A photocatalyst compounded from a porphyrin (metalloporphyrin) and TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2NTs) was prepared, and its photocatalytic performance for CO2 reduction under Xe lamp irradiation was studied. Compared with the pure TiO2NTs, the photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity of metalloporphyrin-sensitized TiO2NTs is significantly enhanced. The amount of methane produced with the cobalt tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin/TiO2NTs (CoTCPP/TiO2NTs) photocatalyst is about 5.5 times higher than that produced with TiO2NTs alone. The improvement of photocatalytic activity can be ascribed to the enhancement of light absorption ability of CoTCPP/TiO2NTs and the inhibition of electron–hole recombination. Furthermore, according to the results of the photocatalytic and photo(electro)chemical experiments, a probable mechanism for the photoreduction of CO2 over CoTCPP/TiO2NTs is presented.
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Fermentation-Basel
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2022
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·25
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IF 5.123
Wen-Tao Sun,Yuan Huang,Chang-Rong Wu,Chao Peng,Yu-Long Zheng,Chao Chen,Jun Hao
In this study, the influence of two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains [Lactobacillus rhamnosusBDy (LR-BDy) andLactobacillus buchneriTSy (LB-TSy)] selected from Southwest China on the fermentation characteristics and in vitro gas production ofBroussonetia papyrifera(paper mulberry) silage were experimentally explored. The experimental groups were a control group (C), an LB-TSy treatment (LB), an LR-BDy treatment (LR), and an LR-BDy + LB-TSy hybrid group (LR × LB). After the LAB were added, the pH value of paper mulberry silage significantly declined (p< 0.05), and the crude protein content was effectively preserved (p< 0.05). However, no significant changes were found in the levels of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and crude ash (p> 0.05). The lactic acid content in paper mulberry silage was evidently increased (p< 0.05). The in vitro gas production in the LR at 36, 48, and 72 h were markedly higher than that in the other treatments (p< 0.05). Owing to the addition of LAB, the microbial diversity in paper mulberry silage was reduced, while the relative bacterial abundance ofLactobacilluswas enhanced. Hence, the addition of LAB selected from the warm and humid region in Southwest China can improve the quality of paper mulberry silage and elevate its feeding value in this region.Keywords:paper mulberry;silage;in vitro gas production;microbial community;lactic acid bacteria
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MOLECULES
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2022
·Vol. 27
·期 2
·352
·
IF 4.927
Shiqing Song,Feiting Zheng,Xiaoyan Tian,Tao Feng,Lingyun Yao,Min Sun,Lei Shi
To explore the role of fatty acids as flavor precursors in the flavor of oxidized tallow, the volatile flavor compounds and free fatty acid (FFAs) in the four oxidization stages of tallow were analyzed via gas chromatography (GC)–mass spectrometry (MS), the aroma characteristics of them were analyzed by GC–olfactory (GC-O) method combined with sensory analysis and partial least-squares regression (PLSR) analysis. 12 common FFAs and 35 key aroma-active compounds were obtained. Combined with the results of odor activity value (OAV) and FD factor, benzaldehyde was found to be an important component in unoxidized tallow. (E,E)-2,4-Heptadienal, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, (E)-2-nonenal, octanal, hexanoic acid, hexanal and (E)-2-heptenal were the key compounds involved in the tallow flavor oxidation. The changes in FFAs and volatile flavor compounds during oxidation and the metabolic evolution of key aroma-active compounds are systematically summarized in this study. The paper also provides considerable guidance in oxidation control and meat flavor product development.Keywords:oxidized tallow;aroma-active compounds;solvent-assisted flavor evaporation;gas chromatography-olfactometry;partial least-squares regression
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2022
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IF 5.895
Zhiyun Wang,Yan Lin,Lu Liu,Baodong Zheng,Yi Zhang,Hongliang Zeng
The aim was to investigate the effect of lotus seed resistant starch (LRS) on lactic acid (LA) conversion to butyric acid (BA) fermented by rat fecal microbiota to construct an acetyl CoA pathway. According to growth curves, the microbiota compositions at 10 and 36 h were further analyzed. The microbiota in the LRS group had higher richness and diversity compared to glucose (GLU) and high amylose maize starch (HAMS). Moreover, LRS and isotope LA promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, promoted BA production, and inhibited the growth of Escherichia–Shigella. The BUT pathway played a dominant role in three groups. At 10 h, Escherichia–Shigella and Bifidobacterium showed a negative correlation with BUT and a positive correlation with BUK, whereas Escherichia–Shigella, Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, and Ralstonia showed a positive correlation with BUT and BUK at 36 h. [3-13C] LA was converted to [4-13C] BA by the isotope labeling technique. Finally, LRS promoted LA conversion to BA mainly by the BUT pathway in intestinal microbiota, especially including Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, and Ralstonia.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2022
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IF 9.231
Xu-Hui Huang,Yong Luo,Xiao-Hui Zhu,Charfedinne Ayed,Bao-Shang Fu,Xiu-Ping Dong,Ian Fisk,Lei Qin
The release mechanism of odorants in the oral cavity during consumption directly affects sensory attributes, consumers’ preferences, and ultimately purchase intent. Targets was set to monitor in real-time the key odorants released from grilled eel during mastication via an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) connected with a nose interface. The release and perception of odorants during mastication were divided into three distinct phases. Dimethyl sulfide was the main odorant in the first stage. The release and perception of fishy aromas were predominant in the middle and last stages of mastication contributed by trimethylamine, 1-penten-3-ol, and 2-methyl-1-butanol. Chewing behavior experiments suggested that extending the chewing period to >20 s and having a chewing frequency of 2 cycles/s could enhance the aroma delivery of grilled eel and optimize the consumer experience. Consequently, the results explained the relationship between aroma release and the optimal chewing behavior for grilled eel consumption.
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SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
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2022
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IF 7.305
Shengbin Bai,Jian Sun,Lei Liu,Yun Da,Zijian Zhou,Ruiling Wang,Yafei Guo,Chuanwen Zhao
Thermochemical energy storage (TCES) via the calcium looping (CaL) process is an emerging technology applied in third-generation concentrated solar power plants . A range of CaO-based composites was developed via binary Fe and Mn ions doping of low-cost dolomite for direct solar absorption. The doping ratio of Fe and Mn ions was investigated and optimized aiming to produce the highly efficient Fe/Mn-doped, acid-modified dolomite composites. After comprehensively considering the spectral absorptance and energy storage density , the composite with a molar ratio of Ca/Mg:Mn:Fe=100:2:4 is optimal. It possesses a relatively high spectral absorptance of 63.7% due to the generated, dark Ca-Mn-Fe oxides, which is up to ∼2.1 times higher than that of raw dolomite. Moreover, the composite exhibits excellent cycling stability (a gravimetric energy storage density loss of ∼6.6% after 30 cycles) resulting from uniformly distributed, intrinsic MgO grains. Additionally, dolomite-derived composite pellets were prepared using extrusion-spheronization, and their volumetric energy density is remarkably superior to that of the powder, ∼2.37 GJ/m 3 after 30 cycles. The fresh pellets (7.25± 0.64 MPa) and calcined pellets (3.19 ± 0.29 MPa) both possess desirable ability to resist mechanical stress and thermal shock . Therefore, Fe/Mn-doped, dolomite-derived composite pellets are potential candidates for direct solar absorption when applied in CaL-based TCES systems due to their simultaneously desirable spectral absorbance and cycling stability.
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Foods
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2022
·Vol. 11
·期 3
·287
·
IF 5.561
Zixuan Zhao,Jian Ming,Guohua Zhao,Lin Lei
Highland barley (HB) is commonly milled into flour for direct consumption or further processed with other food formulations. Nevertheless, the association between milling and HB flour properties remains lacking. This work studied the effect of particle sizes (coarse, 250–500 μm; medium, 150–250 μm; fine, <150 μm) on physicochemical and nutritional properties of raw and sand-roasted HB flour. Gelatinization enthalpy decreased with increasing particle sizes of raw HB flour, while no endothermic transitions were observed in sand-roasted flour. Sand roasting destroyed starch granules and decreased short-range molecular order. Starch digestibility increased while total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production decreased with decreasing particle sizes in all samples. The relative crystallinity of sand-roasted HB flour decreased by 80–88% compared with raw samples. Sand roasting raised in vitro starch digestibility, while total SCFAs during in vitro fecal fermentation decreased. Sand-roasted HB flour with particle sizes <150 μm had the highest starch digestibility (94.0%) but the lowest production of total SCFAs (1.89–2.24 mM). Pearson’s correlation analysis confirmed the relationship between the nutritional qualities of HB flour and milling.Keywords:highland barley flour;particle sizes;in vitro starch digestibility;in vitro fermentation
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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
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2022
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IF 6.633
Zexian Qin,Hongye Cheng,Zhen Song,Lijun Ji,Lifang Chen,Zhiwen Qi
Lemon essential oil is a complex mixture with citral as the primary terpenoid and limonene as the main terpene. Isolation of terpene and terpenoid, known as deterpenation, is crucial for improving the essential oil quality. In this work, liquid–liquid extraction with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) is utilized for lemon essential oil deterpenation. The performance of 77 DESs formed by seven hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA) with eleven hydrogen bond donors (HBD) is evaluated using COSMO-RS model and verified experimentally. The influences of HBA and HBD structures are investigated and explained by σ-profile. Among 77 DESs, the DES composed of tetrabutylammonium bromide and levulinic acid, namely TBAB:LEA(1:2), is finally selected due to its better performance than the conventional solvent hydrous ethanol. The excellent performance of TBAB:LEA(1:2) in deterpenation of natural lemon essential oil suggests it is a promising solvent in the downstream processing of natural essential oil.
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FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
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2022
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IF 7.425
Wenyi Zhang,Bin Hu,Chang Liu,Hanyi Hua,Yahui Guo,Yuliang Cheng,Weirong Yao,He Qian
Sparassis crispa ( S.crispa ), an edible mushroom, is widely used as a natural medicine due to its excellent pharmacological activities, including antitumor, anti-angiogenic, and immunomodulatory activities. In the current study, the digestion and fermentation characteristics of an S.crispa polysaccharide (SCP-1) were investigated by the in vitro simulated models. Our results revealed that SCP-1 was not degraded during the simulated gastrointestinal tract. However, it was consumed by human intestinal microbiota, which was characterized by enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids (such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate), and modifying the gut microbiota composition through promoting beneficial genera ( Prevotella 9, Dialister, Megamonas, and Megasphaera) and inhibiting proliferation of some harmful bacteria (i.e., Escherichia/Shigella). The PICRUSt prediction analysis indicated that SCP-1 significantly increased carbohydrate, energy, and amino acid metabolism. These results suggest that SCP-1 could be developed as a prebiotic addition and may improve host health by regulating gut microbiota.
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