COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2025
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IF 5.4
Xiaosi Sun,Peng Cui,Peiwen Wu,Kaihao Mo,Hanyu Zhang,Hao Ren,Haiyan Ji,Wenshuai Zhu,Zhichang Liu
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are serious organic pollutions and important industrial raw materials which are abundant in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) diesel. Therefore, it is necessary to find suitable approach to remove PAHs from FCC diesel under mild condition. In this study, a series of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were designed and synthesized as PAHs extractants. The tetraoctyl ammonium bromide (TOAB) and ethylene glycol (EG) with the molar ratio of 1:2, TOAB:2EG, exhibited great single extraction efficiency towards naphthalene (NAP, 55.6 %) and anthracene (ANT, 92.3 %). The orthogonal experiment proved the alkyl chain length of quaternary ammonium salt influenced PAHs extraction mostly. The high extraction efficiency was attributed to the hydrogen bonds, p-π and π-π interactions between PAHs and DESs. This work advances the DESs as PAHs extractants with high extraction efficiency and broadens the applications of DESs.
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
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2025
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IF 4.6
Yan Zhang,Xiaolong Xie,Song Zhao,Rui Jiang,Wenjing Qi,Lianzhe Hu
Dissolved ammonia and trinitrophenol (TNP) in water represent a critical environmental and safety challenge. Under slightly acidic conditions, these two compounds spontaneously react to form crystalline ammonium picrate—a highly shock-sensitive explosive compound. This poses explosion risks during wastewater transport, treatment, and sludge handling processes. Existing detection methods rely on complex laboratory instrumentation and cannot provide simultaneous, real-time on-site monitoring. Therefore, there is an urgent need for on-site and simultaneous monitoring of these two hazardous substances. Here, we developed an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active molecule, DVA-4P, functionalized with four pyridine groups. Its highly twisted molecular conformation effectively suppresses π-π stacking and restricts intramolecular motions, resulting in intense solid-state fluorescence with a quantum yield of 41.87 %. This molecular design can fully leverage the dual functionality of pyridine: the protonated form (DVA-4P-H + ) enables “turn-on” fluorescence detection of ammonia, while the neutral form (DVA-4P) facilitates “turn-off” detection of TNP through electron donor-acceptor interactions. Two separate hydrogel tags are therefore prepared: one encapsulated in a PTFE membrane for selective dissolved ammonia detection, and one left unshielded for selective TNP detection. The tags can achieve high sensitivity and selectivity, with detection limits of 0.70 μg/L for ammonia and 66.2 nM for TNP. The recovery rates of both hydrogel tags in lake water exhibited excellent performance with deviations from the standard within 5 %, providing a practical, dual-mode analytical platform for the environmental monitoring and wastewater treatment.
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CHIRALITY
·
2025
·Vol. 37
·期 11
·e70060
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IF 3
Shuling Dong,Jiayi Sun,Fan Ding,Ji Wu,Ronghua Fan,Li Zhou
In this work, a new strategy was proposed for the preparation of a chiral stationary phase based on β-cyclodextrin and calix[4]arene polymer. The chiral stationary phase was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The introduction of calix[4]arene polymer increased chirality recognition by increasing recognition sites and interactions, including hydrogen bonding, π–π interaction and synergistic inclusion effect. Compared with the home-made β-cyclodextrin–based chiral column, the prepared β-cyclodextrin–calix[4]arene polymer-based chiral column showed superior enantioseparation performance toward 1-phenylethanol, prothioconazole, promethazine, propranolol, and bisoprolol. These chiral compounds can be separated within 10 min under reversed-phase mode with resolutions ranging from 1.62 to 1.80. These findings will provide an important reference for developing novel supramolecule-based chiral stationary phases.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2025
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IF 7.2
Guangyu Dong,Liushan Jiang,Linchun Nie,Jiawei Liao,Xiaodie Geng,Wenjing Liu,Dejing Meng,Meiling Xu,Na Liu,Qingxiang Zhou,Chunmao Chen
In this study, a magnetic covalent organic framework composite (Fe 3 O 4 @COF-BTCA-TMB) was conceived and synthesized with benzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde and 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethyl benzidine as monomers. The modification of COF endowed the magnetic composite with a large number of functional groups and benzene rings, which exhibited high affinity to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) attributed to π-π conjugation and hydrophobic interaction. Based on these properties, it was utilized to conceive a highly efficient magnetic solid phase extraction method to enrich PAHs from water samples prior to high performance liquid chromatography analysis. The key factors that affect the extraction efficiencies of six PAHs in water samples were explored. Under the optimized conditions, six PAHs obtained good linearity in wide concentration ranges of 0.2–80 μg L −1 , 0.2–180 μg L −1 , and 0.2–240 μg L −1 , respectively. The limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.03 to 0.09 μg L −1 , and the enrichment factors were in the range of 107–149. The adsorption of PAHs on Fe 3 O 4 @COF was consistent with the quasi-second-order kinetic model, and Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. The conceived method was evaluated with real water samples and satisfactory recoveries (73.8 % ∼ 100.5 %) were obtained, indicating that it was simple, robust and efficient, and could be optioned for monitoring trace PAHs in environment.
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
·
2024
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IF 5.7
Yiwen Han,Aikun Han,Yaqiong Qin,Yuan Tian,Bin Peng,Lijun He,Wenfen Zhang,Wenjie Zhao,Shusheng Zhang
Background Edible oils are susceptible to contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) throughout production, storage, and transportation processes due to their lipophilic nature. The necessity of quantifying PAHs present in complex oil matrices at trace levels, which bind strongly to impurities in oil matrices, poses a major challenge to the accurate quantification of these contaminants. Therefore, the development of straightforward and effective methods for the separation and enrichment of PAHs in oil samples prior to instrumental analysis is paramount to guaranteeing food safety. Results A pyrazine embedded hyper-crosslinked porous polymer, HCP Pz-TPB , was synthesized via a Friedel-Crafts reaction, utilizing triphenylbenzene (TPB) as the monomer and 2,5-dibromomethylpyrazine as the cross-linking reagent. The material was combined with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using the sol-gel method, and applied as a coating to a dumbbell-shaped stir bar prepared in-house. Using stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 15 PAHs in edible oils were successfully quantified. Optimal conditions for the extraction of PAHs were experimentally investigated, with factors such as stirring rate, extraction time, extraction temperature, desorption solvent, and desorption time systematically optimized. The final method demonstrated a broad linear range (0.12–150 ng g −1 ), and low limits of detection (0.04–0.28 ng g −1 ). The recoveries of PAHs in real edible oil samples ranged from 83.14 % to 128.01 %, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 13.47 %. Significance This method simplifies PAH extraction by eliminating steps such as saponification, liquid-liquid extraction, drying, and re-dissolution, thus reducing potential analyte loss and errors associated with the inclusion of multiple pretreatment steps typical of conventional methods reported in the literature. Notably, the adsorbent materials prepared in this study can be reused up to 30 times, underscoring its sustainability. The proposed research broadens the diversity of coating choices for SBSE applications while offering a streamlined, cost-effective, and greener alternative for PAH determinations in edible oils via SBSE/GC-MS.
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Nature Communications
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 14.7
Chu Fengjian,Zhao Gaosheng,Wei Wei,Shuaibu Nazifi Sani,Feng Hongru,Pan Yuanjiang,Wang Xiaozhi
Although numerous ambient ionization mass spectroscopy technologies have been developed over the past 20 years to address diverse analytical circumstances, a single-ion source technique that can handle all analyte types is still lacking. Here, a wide-energy programmable microwave plasma-ionization mass spectrometry (WPMPI-MS) system is presented, through which MS analysis can achieve high coverage of substances with various characteristics by digitally regulating the microwave energy. In addition, ionization energy can be rapidly scanned using programmable waveforms, enabling the simultaneous detection of biomolecules, heavy metals, non-polar molecules, etc., in seconds. WPMPI-MS performs well in analyzing real samples, rapidly analyzing nine toxicological standards in one drop of serum, and demonstrating good quantification and liquid chromatography coupling capability. The WPMPI-MS has also been used to detect soil extracts, solid pharmaceuticals, and landfill leachate, further demonstrating its robust analytical capabilities for real samples. The prospective uses of the technology in biological and chemical analysis are extensive, and it is anticipated to emerge as a viable alternative to commercially available ion sources.
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Small
·
2025
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IF 12.1
Xu Wang,Yong Yan,Huan Zhou,Xinyu Liu,Riyi Zhang,Dong Wang,Peter Schaaf,Guangsheng Guo,Xiayan Wang
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) are typical pollutants characterized by a wide variety of types, difficulty in degradation, and significant differences in mutagenic and carcinogenic toxicity. However, due to their distinct physicochemical properties, it remains challenging to simultaneously analyze PAHs and OPPs under real environmental conditions within the same simplified detection systems and accurately assess their oxidation-reduction processes. In this study, electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman scattering (EC-SERS), utilizing a microfluidic chip of self-made 3D nanoporous Au loaded with Ag nanoparticles, is employed to analyze PAHs and OPPs in the environment and investigate their oxidation-reduction processes, which displayed excellent sensitivity and selectivity. The chip successfully analyzed three types of PAHs and four types of OPPs, achieving the lowest detection limit of 0.01 ppb, and strong linearity within a certain range. The recovery in real water samples reached 102.89% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 13.36%. Furthermore, this system successfully identified different types of pollutants and their concentrations in mixed samples with high accuracy. Meanwhile, preliminary insights into the electrochemical oxidation and degradation processes of these pollutants are provided, offering a first understanding of their transformation mechanisms.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 11.3
Xue Ma,Mengmeng Fu,Kai Hu,Li Gao,Chenchen Song,Shusheng Zhang,Renyong Zhao,Wenjie Zhao
Developing efficient and reliable adsorbents with simplified synthesis and mixed-mode performance is crucial for the accurate quantitative analysis of diverse coexisting environmental pollutants. A magnetic carboxylated hypercrosslinked organic polymer (Fe 3 O 4 /HCP-COOH) with reverse phase/cation exchange mixed-mode performance was synthesized through a two-stage process: (1) Fabrication of HCP-COOH via FeCl 3 -catalyzed Friedel-Crafts alkylation using 1,4-phenylenediacetic acid and 1,4-bis(chloromethyl)benzene; (2) In situ growth of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles on HCP-COOH through coprecipitation, utilizing FeCl₃ dually as polymerization catalyst and iron precursor to enhance process efficiency and waste minimization. The nanocomposite functioned as a mixed-mode sorbent for magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE), integrating dual retention mechanisms to selectively extract hydrophobic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and cationic quaternary ammonium pesticides (QUATs), with subsequent analysis by GC-MS for PAHs and HPLC-MS/MS for QUATs respectively. Following optimization of adsorption pH, eluent composition, and contact time, the method exhibited high sensitivity with limits of detection (LODs) of 0.80-7.93 ng L⁻¹ for 15 PAHs and 0.02-16.31 ng L⁻¹ for 4 QUATs. Validation showed satisfactory recoveries of 89.5-98.3% (RSDs ≤11.2%) in snowmelt and 90.4-101.8% (RSDs ≤11.6%) in lake water (n=3), confirming practicality for simultaneous monitoring of hydrophobic and cationic contaminants in complex environmental water, offering significant advantages in multi-residue analysis for environmental monitoring applications.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Bolin Mou,Shimin Wu
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), carcinogenic contaminants in edible oils, pose significant health risks. While degumming effectively removes phospholipids, its mechanistic role in PAH elimination remains unclear. This study established a simulated crude oil system, systematically analyzing the interaction mechanism of phospholipids with PAHs during degumming. Our results demonstrated that enhanced phospholipid removal during degumming could reduce PAH contamination. Specifically, at a high phospholipid removal rate, the concentration of 9,10-anthraquinone decreased by 26.03 %, whereas only a slight reduction of 7.53 % was observed under low phospholipid removal conditions. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and theoretical calculations indicated that the phospholipid headgroups and phosphate backbones serve as the primary interaction sites for PAHs. Moreover, substituents of PAH derivatives and headgroups of phospholipids altered the electrostatic surface potentials of molecules, thereby influencing the interaction modes and binding affinities. This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the interaction between pollutants and nutritional components.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
·
2025
·
IF 4.6
Peipei Zhou,Qi Jing,Huili Wang,Xuedong Wang,He Mei
Increasing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution in dietary is becoming a significant worldwide problem due to their direct threat to human health. To achieve rapid and sensitive detection of PAHs, nanocomposites were fabricated by confining ionic liquids (ILs) within magnetic covalent organic frameworks (MCOFs). After the confinement of [C 8 MIM][PF 6 ] into MCOFs, the resulting MCOF@8 C maintained high crystallinity comparable to that of the pristine MCOF, limited the diffusion of ILs and reduced the aggregation effect caused by their high viscosity. The MCOF@8 C/HPLC-FLD method gave low detection limits (0.01-0.15 µg kg -1 ), good recoveries (85.32-99.57%) with RSDs ≤ 5.03% for seven PAHs congeners across five types of edible oils. In general, this study not only provides an excellent substitute for conventional multifunctional composites, but also develops a superior methodology for monitoring trace-level PAHs in complicated food matrices.
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