JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2022
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IF 6.437
Li Xiang,Haowen Li,Qipeng Qu,Fawei Lin,Beibei Yan,Guanyi Chen
Heavy oil residue (HOR) as a kind of oil-containing wastes (OW) is suitable to be treated by pyrolysis to obtain valuable products. However, the recovered products remain poor quality due to much heavy fractions in feedstock. This paper employed two typical steel wastes, i.e. iron-rich rolling sludge (FOS) and steel slags (SS), for catalytic pyrolysis of HOR to upgrade pyrolytic products. FOS and SS additions both effectively decreased the temperature of HOR pyrolysis stage and the activation energy . Compared with SS, FOS addition enhanced the yield of CH 4 and H 2 , leading to higher heating values for pyrolytic gases. However, insufficient FOS couldn’t provide enough energy to trigger the conversion of macromolecules as well as the cracking of short-chain alkanes and alkenes . In terms of pyrolytic oil, SS addition greatly improved the content of light fractions and exhibited stronger selectivity in reforming of alkanes into alkenes, while FOS addition promoted aromatization. Furthermore, Fe-doping carbon materials with different valent Fe and abundant defects were obtained through pyrolysis of HOR/FOS and HOR/SS. Combined with their magnetic properties, the separation of materials from contaminants and subsequent cycle utilization could be achieved. Subsequently, the addition of different Fe compounds validated the promotion of zero-valent Fe on aromatization while Fe 2 O 3 on alkenes production as well as Fe oxides would offer active oxygen species to participate in the pyrolysis reaction. However, model Fe compounds were hard to simulate catalytic behaviors of FOS and SS in gas production due to the complex components of steel wastes. This paper provides a novel perspective for upgrading all products from HOR pyrolysis and opens a path for simultaneous disposal of multiple solid wastes.
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高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2022
·
IF 8.943
Lianghe Lv,Lina Sun,Chunli Yuan,Yue Han,Zhaohui Huang
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous persistent organic pollutants in soil, which have carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic hazards. The effects of rhamnolipid (RL), nano zero-valent iron (nZVI), and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonic acid (AQDS) on the degradation of PAHs in soil were studied. It was found that the treatment of 5 mg·kg −1 RL + 1% nZVI +0.2 mmol·kg −1 AQDS had the highest degradation rate. The degradation rate of total PAHs and HMW-PAHs was 72.81% and 79.47% respectively after 90 days. High-throughput sequencing showed that in RL + nZVI + AQDS enhanced soil, Clostridium , Geobacter , Anaeromyxobacter and Sphingomonas were the dominant species for anaerobic degradation of PAHs. Rhodococcus , Nocardioides , and Microvirga are the dominant species for aerobic degradation of PAHs. The activities of methyltransferase, dehydrogenase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase in the anaerobic-aerobic degradation process of PAHs were consistent with the degradation process of PAHs, indicating the role of these enzymes in the degradation of PAHs. RL, nZVI, and AQDS combined enhanced microbial anaerobic-aerobic degradation has great application potential in remediation of PAHs-contaminated soil.
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高影响因子
Metals
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 6
·1019
·
IF 2.695
Shushi Zhang,Peng Hu,Jiating Rao,Zhenyang Wang,Yanbing Zong,Jianliang Zhang
HIsmelt is well suited for smelting vanadium–titanium magnetite due to its flexibility in feedstock selection and tolerance to high viscosity slag, compared with the blast furnace. In this work, the effect of smelting time on the distribution behavior and recovery rates of vanadium and titanium in HIsmelt smelting of vanadium–titanium magnetite was investigated by experiment for the first time. The relationship between slag viscosity and temperature at different smelting times was further revealed by thermodynamic calculations. The experimental results show that extending the smelting time increases the FeO content in the slag, theLVrose from 0.66 to 5.02, theLTideclined from 206.90 to 114.86, the shorter smelting time is favorable for increasing the recovery ratio of vanadium and titanium in metal and slag. In addition, slag viscosity decreases with increasing smelting time. The precipitation of high melting point titania spinel and CaTiO3phases is responsible for the significant increase in slag viscosity at 1300 °C.Keywords:HIsmelt;vanadium titano–magnetite;distribution behavior;recovery;viscosity
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
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2022
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IF 6.633
Shiyao Li,Rong Cheng,Jiahao Li,Haobo Hou,Yi Wang,Jiaao Chen,Yuwei Xiang,Min Zhou
The efficient removal of hexavalent chromium from solution is a challenging task, in this paper, the nZVI and nitrogen co-doped magnetic carbon aerogel microsphere composites (nZVI@NCAs) were prepared via the microemulsion polymerization and subsequent carbonization process, and were expected to satisfactory performance in the removal of Cr(VI). From batch experiments, the Cr(VI) removal process by nZVI@NCA900 fitted better with the pseudo-second-order model. The optimal nZVI@NCA900 was superior to that of most magnetic carbon-substrate composites, displaying high Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of 266.79 mg·g −1 at 318 K. Additionally, it was found that Cr(VI) was reduced to the low-toxicity Cr(III) from the results analyzed by XPS, and nZVI@NCA900 exhibited Cr(VI) reduction performance of 33.92% Cr(VI) reduced to Cr(III). The reaction between the nZVI@NCAs and Cr(VI) was pH-dependence, endothermic and spontaneous. Removal mechanisms might involve multiple processes. The nZVI particles on the surface acted as reductants to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and form Cr(III)/Fe(III) hydroxides to precipitate on nZVI@NCAs. Simulation results by DFT prove that N is an active site and show positive effect in the adsorption system. N atoms were used as active sites to stabilize the interaction with Cr(VI) via adsorption attributed to electrostatic and act as electron donors for reduction of Cr(VI). The nZVI particles encapsulated by carbon aerogels could provide magnetic stability after acid reaction, which was beneficial to the separation of adsorbents after reaction and reuse for many cycles. These results provide a new view for developing magnetic carbon materials to remove Cr(VI) from contaminated water.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
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2022
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IF 8.91
Xiao Ling,Minjie Chen,Anhong Cai,Honglei Sun,Shanlin Xu,Lei Wang,Xueyan Li,Jing Deng
The dewaterability of waste-activated sludge (WAS) has been extensively examined using zero-valent iron (ZVI)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). However, the high dosage and low utilization efficiencies of ZVI cast doubt on the dependability and viability of ZVI-based AOPs. In this study, we successfully demonstrated pre-magnetization as an efficient, chemical-free, and ecological method for improving the efficiency of sludge dewatering by ZVI/persulfate (PS) process, in which the reduction ratios of capillary suction time (CST) and specific resistance to filtration (SRF) increased by 8.67% and 11.06% under optimal conditions, respectively. The highly active Fe 2+ released during ZVI corrosion may be more essential than ZVI itself during PS activation, which could be strengthened by pre-magnetization. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous Fe 2+ could react with PS to produce aqueous hydroxyl radicals (∙OH) and sulfate radicals (SO 4 − ∙) as well as surface-bound ∙OH and SO 4 − ∙, further decomposing bound-extracellular polymeric substances fractions, broking hydrophilic functional groups and compounds, altering protein secondary structure to expose more hydrophobic sites, and releasing abundant EPS-bound water. Due to the protection of tightly-bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) and the competitive oxidation of organics released during the early disintegration stage, radical oxidation primarily occurs at extracellular levels, releasing a bit of intracellular water. Besides, polysaccharides in TB-EPS may function a more significant role in flocculation than proteins, and a porous structure favorable to drainage will be formed after the pre-magnetized ZVI/PS treatment. The cost-benefit analysis further reveals that the Pre-ZVI/PS process presents high reusability and utilization, making it potential for particle application in sludge dewatering.
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高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2022
·
IF 8.943
Long Li,Yuhao He,Heyun Fu,Xiaolei Qu,Zhaoyi Xu
Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has drawn great interest in the remediation of contaminated waters . In this study, we prepared a novel and stable nZVI embedded in N-doped carbon matrix (nZVI@MOF-CN) using a facile direct carbonization method, in which an iron-containing metal-organic framework (MOF) served as both the iron and carbon sources, and melamine as the nitrogen source. The nZVI@MOF-CN composites were used in the removal of bromate in water, which could be effectively reduced by the surface electrons transferred from nZVI to the carbon encapsulation layer due to the Schottky-Mott effect. Doped nitrogen significantly facilitated the reduction of bromate by nZVI, because it enhanced the nZVI dispersion and bromate adsorption, and modulated the carbon matrix conductivity. The bromate reduction activity of nZVI@MOF-CN was more than 50 times higher that of its un-doped counterpart and a commercial nZVI. Moreover, owing to the protection of carbon encapsulation layer, nZVI@MOF-CN exhibited good stability and reusability. The leached concentration of iron ions of nZVI@MOF-CN was less than 5% of the commercial nZVI under the same reaction conditions. Commercial nZVI almost completely lost its bromate reduction activity after use (3% reduction efficiency in the examined time frame), while nZVI@MOF-CN maintained a reduction efficiency of 61%. The nZVI@MOF-CN could be effectively regenerated by hydrogenation reduction. After five reaction-regeneration cycles, nZVI@MOF-CN still achieved a bromate reduction efficiency of approximately 80%. These results suggest that MOF-derived nZVI materials are highly reactive and stable for the reductive removal of pollutants in water.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2022
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IF 16.744
Jie Ye,Yue Lai,Chao Wang,Raymond Jianxiong Zeng,Changgeng Liu,Hao Lin,Shungui Zhou,Zhen He
Sulfate radical ( SO 4 · - )-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) are promising for sludge dewatering. In this work, an electrochemically driven Fe 0 -activated sulfite system (E/Fe/sulfite) was developed and demonstrated for sustainably releasing Fe 2+ to activate sulfite for dewatering waste activated sludge. Under the optimal conditions (sulfite dosage = 40 mg/g dry solids, current density = 30 mA/cm 2 , pH = 6, and time = 60 min), the reduction of capillary suction time and water content of sludge cake were 87.9 ± 2.8 % and 73.1 ± 0.8 %, respectively. The improved dewatering performance was attributed to the degradation of tightly-bound extracellular polymeric substances, along with the decreased live/dead cell ratio and the increased permeability of sludge flocs. The thermal effect (∼21–59 °C) in the E/Fe/sulfite system accelerated the release of intracellular proteins, which could be effectively degraded by the strong oxidizing SO 4 · - . The results also suggested that electrochemical oxidation and thermal effect in the E/Fe/sulfite system had a synergistic impact on improving sludge dewaterability. According to the density functional theory calculation, the hydrophobic amino acids produced from protein degradation were favorable for forming the drainage channels and enhancing sludge dewaterability. This study provides new insights for understanding the SR-AOPs and their applications to sludge treatment.
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高影响因子
WATER RESEARCH
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2022
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IF 13.4
Meng-Fan He,Wen-Qiang Li,Zhi-Hui Xie,Shu-Run Yang,Chuan-Shu He,Zhao-Kun Xiong,Ye Du,Yang Liu,Feng Jiang,Yang Mu,Bo Lai
In this study, mechanically sulfidated microscale zero valent iron (S-ZVI) was found to effectively activate the peracetic acid (PAA) with a result of almost complete degradation of six micropollutants within 10 min under neutral conditions, and > 95% sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal after six cycles. Reactive oxidized species (ROS) including HO•, carbon-centered radicals, and Fe(IV) were generated in the S-ZVI/PAA system, while HO• was the main contributor towards micropollutants degradation. This study clearly revealed that enhancement of the electron donating ability of ZVI by the formed conductive iron sulfides was crucial for promoted Fe(II) generation and subsequent PAA activation over several cycles, rather than the ability of sulfides to reduce Fe(III) for Fe(II) regeneration as reported previously. Interestingly, it's discovered that co-existence of Fe(III) would dramatically improve the contaminants removal efficiency of the S-ZVI/PAA system; transform the surfaced Fe(II) dominated ROS generation process to aqueous Fe(II) one; enhance the tolerance of the proposed system to water matrix. The promoting effect of predosed Fe(III) on PAA activation by S-ZVI should be mainly associated with: the greater ability of Fe(III) than H 2 O to accept electron from Fe 0 for obtaining more active sites; slower Fe 0 consumption and solid sulfur species release for elevated electron utilization efficiency and PAA activation. Considering the convenient and cost-effective access of Fe(III), the decrease of acute toxicity of treated SMX, excellent stability and good removal of various micropollutants fully demonstrate the superiority of S-ZVI/PAA system for practical application.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2022
·Vol. 103
·期 3
·890-897
·
IF 2.606
Tian Zhennan,Wu Taiqi,Hu Rong,Yu Junsheng,Cheng Jiang,Li Lu
In this study, a ZnO-Fe 2 O 3 thin film was designed as electron transport layer for organic solar cells (OSCs). The preparation strategy was based on the spin coating of aqueous sol–gel precursor. The result showed that composite ZnO-Fe 2 O 3 -based OSCs had higher power conversion efficiency than pure ZnO-based OSCs. To explain this result, morphology, optical and physical properties of ZnO-Fe 2 O 3 were investigated to analyze the relation between structure of interface layer and performance of OSCs. It was demonstrated that composite ZnO-Fe 2 O 3 layer had denser structure and lower surface roughness than pure ZnO layer. Thus, it showed a good contact with the active layer. Furthermore, 3.3% Fe 2 O 3 could reduce the W F and E g of ZnO, and greatly enhanced electron mobility from the acceptor (IT-4F) phase to the ZnO/ITO electrode. Meanwhile, ZnO-Fe 2 O 3 layer showed a low reflectivity that allowed more photons to entrance the active layer for utilization. Hence, the higher short-circuit current and power conversion efficiency were achieved in ZnO-Fe 2 O 3 -based OSCs.
Graphical abstract
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2022
·
IF 14.224
Tong Liu,Yang Liu,Peng Zhou,Zhaokun Xiong,Heng Zhang,Chuanshu He,Ye Du,Gang Yao,Bo Lai
As one of the most promising advanced oxidation processes , the activation of S(IV) by iron-based materials to produce SO 4 •− has become a hot technology for the degradation of organic pollutants . However, the mechanism of radical chain reactions has not been clearly explored. Herein, we established a novel AOP system based on the combination of zero-valent iron (ZVI) and potassium pyrosulfite (PPS). Combined with the degradation trends of CBZ and the change of DO concentration, the system was proposed to be divided into a slow initiation stage in 5 min and a rapid degradation stage in 5 − 10 min. Through a series of quenching experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance tests and several probe experiments, the mechanisms of two radical chain reactions were proposed between ZVI and PPS: the first one produced O 2 •− and HO • , and the other produced SO 3 •− , SO 5 •− , SO 4 •− and HO • . The two-stage reaction and two radical production paths of the ZVI/PPS system were proposed for the first time, which provided theoretical guidance for the practical application of the ZVI/PPS system. The ZVI/PPS system has been found to have excellent environmental adaptability in the treatment of industrial wastewater .
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Xin Liu,Peng Xu,Shiqi Xie,Lei Wang,Zhuoyu Yang,Pengfei Zhu,Jingwei Ma,Qiulai He,John C. Crittenden
Zero-valent copper particles (Cu 0 ) used to degrade pollutant due to its in-site generation and activation of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), while the disproportionation of Cu + limited the efficacy. In this study, spiking chloride ion (Cl − ) into zero-valent copper (Cu 0 ) system (Cl − /Cu 0 system) enhanced greatly acetaminophen degradation. The addition of Cl − not only reduced the dismutation reaction of Cu + , but also helped the comproportionation reaction of Cu 0 and Cu 2+ , leading to much generation of Cu + and H 2 O 2 . Hydroxyl radical ( OH) and reactive chlorine species were identified as the dominant reactive oxidants in the Cl − /Cu 0 system with its contribution ratio of degrading acetaminophen being respectively 73.4 % and 23.8 %. In the Cl − /Cu 0 system, Cu + was released by H + corrosion from Cu 0 , and then Cu + coupled with Cl − forming Cu-Cl complexes; Meanwhile, the reaction of O 2 and the species of Cu + (e. g. Cu-Cl complexes and Cu + ) produced H 2 O 2 and, then the species of Cu + catalyzed H 2 O 2 to form OH; Thereinto, partial OH was shifted by Cl − to reactive chlorine species. Except for fulvic acid , coexisting substrates such as sulphate, nitrate and phosphate ions had no obvious inhibition impact on oxidizing acetaminophen in the Cl − /Cu 0 system. Furthermore, the Cl − /Cu 0 system presented a good removal rate of acetaminophen in three actual water samples. Moreover, three kinds of dyes and painkillers was removed over 78 % in the Cl − /Cu 0 system. The residual total dissolved copper was under II-level of environmental quality standards for surface water in China by alkali precipitation and filtration after reaction. Therefore, the study provided a new idea to enhance Cu 0 for the purification of pollutants.
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高影响因子
DESALINATION
·
2022
·
IF 11.211
Xiangyunxiu Meng,Ruiwen Luo,Guijie Guo,Yulin Li,Hui Fang,Peng Bai,Jiafei Lyu,Xianghai Guo
Adsorption has been expected to be promising for boron-containing water treatment , boron resources recovery and boron isotopic separation. Although metal-organic frameworks have been demonstrated to be potential adsorbent candidates, in-depth investigation of the structure-performance relationship remains insufficient. Herein, the performance and mechanism of boron adsorption and isotopic separation were systematically investigated with isostructural MOFs. Six isomorphic MIL-100(M) materials with metal species from the third main group (Al, Ga and In) and the fourth period (Sc, Cr and Fe) were solvothermally synthesized as boron adsorbents. Superior boron isotopic separation factors ( S ) with 10 B preference and comparable boron adsorption capacity ( Q ) were observed through batch boron adsorption experiments, where MIL-100(Al) exhibited the highest S of 1.618 and MIL-100(Sc) achieved the largest Q of 8.74 g-B/mol-MOF. A high correlation between metal atomic radius and performance was revealed and a plausible mechanism was proposed for boron adsorption and isotopic separation involving the important role of the metal center through post-adsorption characterization. This study will pave the way for designing boron adsorbents with improved properties and promote the efficient utilization of boron resources in water.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）