JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
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2017
·Vol. 47
·期 6
·3248-3253
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IF 1.579
Chen Jun-Liang,Liu Chengyan,Miao Lei,Gao Jie,Zheng Yan-yan,Wang Xiaoyang,Lu Jiacai,Shu Mingzheng
With excellent high-temperature stability (up to 1000 K) and favorable electrical properties for thermoelectric application, TiNiSn-based half-Heusler (HH) alloys are expected to be promising thermoelectric materials for the recovery of waste heat in the temperature ranging from 700 K to 900 K. However, their thermal conductivity is always relatively high (5–10 W/mK), making it difficult to further enhance their thermoelectric figure-of-merit ( ZT ). In the past decade, introducing nano-scale secondary phases into the HH alloy matrix has been proven to be feasible for optimizing the thermoelectric performance of TiNiSn. In this study, a series of TiNiSn-based alloys have been successfully synthesized by a simple solid-state reaction. The content and composition of the heterogeneous phase (TiNi 2 Sn and Sn) is accurately regulated and, as a result, the thermal conductivity successfully reduced from 4.9 W m −1 K −1 to 3.0 Wm −1 K −1 (750 K) due to multi-scale phonon scattering. Consequently, a ZT value of 0.49 is achieved at 750 K in our TiNiSn-based thermoelectric materials. Furthermore, the thermal stability of TiNiSn alloys is enhanced through reducing the Sn substance phase.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2017
·
IF 2.714
Jian-Rong Li,Lei Xu,Ming-Lai Fu,Huachun Lan
The layered chalcogenide has been shown to efficiently absorb organic pollutant, as well as heavy metals and radioactive ions. Previous studied showed that the regeneration of spent layered chalcogenide was impossible because of the strong affinity between soft metal ions and sulfur ions. While can adsorbent of layered chalcogenide be regenerated for adsorption of organic pollutant? In this study a case study of norfloxacin (NOR) adsorbed by layered chalcogenide in water is illustrated. The typical layered chalcogenide, K 1.9 Mn 0.95 Sn 2.05 S 6 (KMS-1) was hydrothermally synthesized and then used to remove NOR in aqueous solution. The adsorption process was found strongly pH-dependent. The maximum adsorption capacities were obtained at pH of 4 at different temperatures. The shift of Bragg peaks indicated from XRD patterns at different pH accompanying SEM images and adsorption amount showed that cation exchange played an essential role to remove NOR. The intercalation of cationic NOR took titled orientations of di-molecular NOR in KMS-1 with the interlayer space of 1.38 nm and 0.97 nm, respectively. The KMS-1 intercalated with NOR can be successfully regenerated by cation exchange using high concentration (1.0 M) KCl solution, in which the decrease in adsorption capacity was found <10% after three adsorption – desorption cycles. The obtained results suggested layered chalcogenide could be a promising regenerated adsorbent to remove organic pollutant with potential application in the environmental remediation.
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Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering
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2017
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·e2153
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IF 0.836
Zhuqian Xiao,Yidan Xu,Yu Fan,Qiang Zhang,Jianwei Mao,Jianbing Ji
Here, we developed a new strategy for preparation of series of in-situ reduction bimetallic catalysts Ni-W/SiO 2 by introducing of reducing agent in the preparation process. And these catalysts were applied into the catalytic hydrogenolysis of microcrystalline cellulose and pretreated lignocellulose. The results show that the in situ reduction 15%Ni–20%W/SiO 2 shows the prominent activity for microcrystalline cellulose conversion into ethylene glycol (EG), 1,2-propylene glycol, and glycerol with the highest yield of EG at 61.30% under the experimental condition. And the relative high of EG yield (30.23%) was obtained when a combinative pretreatment technology of steam explosion (0.45 MPa) coupled with hot alkali (70 °C) was introduced to enhance the hydrogenolysis of plant lignocellulose-based feedstocks over the in situ reduction catalyst 15%Ni–20%W/SiO 2 . The SEM and thermogravimetry analysis revealed that segmental lignin and hemicellulose were removed partly by hot alkali pretreatment. Meanwhile, the existence of Ni–W alloys and metal Ni particles were evidenced by X-ray diffraction spectra. In addition, by the detailed analysis via transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the catalytic particle size was distributed in the range of 9.3 ± 1.3 nm.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2017
·
IF 2.714
Yun-Xia Wang,Kiran Gupta,Jian-Rong Li,Baoling Yuan,Jia-Cheng E. Yang,Ming-Lai Fu
A novel easily separated magnetic chalcogenide composite, KMS-1/L-Cystein/Fe 3 O 4 (KCF), was successfully synthesized using bifunctional linker (L-Cystein) to connect KMS-1 and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles, and was examined to remove ciprofloxacin (CIP) from aqueous solution. The composite was thoroughly characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX, FTIR and magnetization measurements techniques. The adsorption experiments were carried out and investigated under different conditions, such as contact time and pH of solution. The CIP removal reaction was found to better follow a pseudo-second-order kinetic model than the pseudo-first-order. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was employed to understand the removal process. The pH of solution is critical for the adsorption of CIP on KCF, and the maximum adsorption (181.32 mg/g) of CIP could be reached under pH 6. In addition, the KCF adsorbent showed magnetization and operational stability, and it could be readily separated from solution by applying an external magnetic field. The high stability, performance, inexpensive, and easily recyclable KCF composite may serve as a promising adsorbent for water treatment.
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EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
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2024
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IF 5.8
Sihao Yin,Yirou Du,Wuhua Lv,Yang Jiang,Dong Feng,Yuhui Xie,Delong Xie,Yi Mei
Black phosphorus nanosheets (BPns) have gained widespread attention in the field of flame retardancy due to their highly efficient flame-retardant properties achieved with a low addition rate (e.g., 0.4%). However, the pyrolysis pathways of BP in polymers have not yet been elucidated. This work systematically studies the flame retardancy and pyrolysis behavior of BP in oxygen-containing (polyurethane, PU) and oxygen-free (polypropylene, PP) polymers, distinguishing between the gas-phase and the condensed-phase flame retardant effect of BP. Through slow heating and staged heating methods, the condensed phase and gas phase pyrolysis products of BP in PU and PP at different temperatures are compared in detail. The distinct flame retardant pathways of BP in PU and PP are revealed. The results indicate that the oxidation of BP commences with its reaction with atmospheric oxygen, implying that the condensed-phase flame-retardant effect of BP primarily occurs at the polymer surface. In PP, BP mainly functions as a gas-phase flame retardant. In the condensed phase, BP generates phosphate derivatives that cover the substrate surface, providing solely a physical barrier effect. In PU, while BP demonstrates an outstanding gas-phase flame-retardant effect, it also accelerates the early dehydration carbonization of alcohols within the substrate, resulting in the formation of phosphate ester compounds (P–O–C structure) to bolster the thermal stability of residual carbon. Additionally, the side reactions of BP during catalytic carbonization will decrease the thermal stability of ester bonds in PU. This work lays a theoretical foundation for the development and application of BP-based flame retardant systems.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
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2012
·Vol. 22
·期 21
·10665-10671
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IF 5.968
Anmin Nie,Jiabin Liu,Qianqian Li,Yingchun Cheng,Cezhou Dong,Wu Zhou,Peng Wang,Qingxiao Wang,Yang Yang,Yihan Zhu,Yuewu Zeng,Hongtao Wang
Taking TiO2/SnO2 core–shell nanowires (NWs) as a model system, we systematically investigate the structure and the morphological evolution of this heterostructure synthesized by atomic layer deposition/epitaxy (ALD/ALE). All characterizations, by X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction and Raman spectra, reveal that single crystalline rutile TiO2 shells can be epitaxially grown on SnO2 NWs with an atomically sharp interface at low temperature (250 °C). The growth behavior of the TiO2 shells highly depends on the surface orientations and the geometrical shape of the core SnO2 NW cross-section. Atomically smooth surfaces are found for growth on the {110} surface. Rough surfaces develop on {100} surfaces due to (100) − (1 × 3) reconstruction, by introducing steps in the [010] direction as a continuation of {110} facets. Lattice mismatch induces superlattice structures in the TiO2 shell and misfit dislocations along the interface. Conformal epitaxial growth has been observed for SnO2 NW cores with an octagonal cross-section ({100} and {110} surfaces). However, for a rectangular core ({10} and {010} surfaces), the shell also derives an octagonal shape from the epitaxial growth, which was explained by a proposed model based on ALD kinetics. The surface steps and defects induced by the lattice mismatch likely lead to improved photoluminescence (PL) performance for the yellow emission. Compared to the pure SnO2 NWs, the PL spectrum of the core–shell nanostructures exhibits a stronger emission peak, which suggests potential applications in optoelectronics.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
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2024
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IF 18.5
Run Li,Fan Lan,Lian Tang,Ya Huang,Siming Zhao,Baoshun Wang,Ying Han,Di Gao,Qinyuan Jiang,Yanlong Zhao,Zhuojing Zhao,Fei Wang,Rufan Zhang
Windows through heat exchange play a vital role in energy saving for realizing a net-zero carbon emission society. Dual-band electrochromic (EC) smart windows by dynamically regulate visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) light are necessary for improving both building energy efficiency and habitant comfort. However, the rational design of high-performance electrochromic devices (ECDs) suffers sluggish EC response due to the slow ion transport. In this work, a locally dissociated Li + concept is proposed to construct a solid-state polymer electrolyte (SPE) with ultrafast Li + transport. The succinonitrile (SN) is employed to loosen the Li + -anion pair and the crystallographic C─O chain in the poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) electrolyte by its strong solvation capability. The as-prepared SPE shows a high ionic conductivity of 6.48 mS cm −1 at 30 °C and a high transmittance of >90%. The SPE-based EC smart windows exhibited a fast switching speed (3.0/3.2 s for coloration/bleaching), a high coloration efficiency (CE) of 373.8 cm 2 C −1 , and a high optical modulation in the full solar spectrum (85%, 70%, 43% at 673, 1200, and 1600 nm, respectively). Finally, the SPE-based EC smart windows shows three working modes with a temperature regulation range of 19.1 °C, exhibiting great potential in practical application.
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Journal of Energy Storage
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2024
·
IF 8.9
Songdong Yuan,Yi Luo,Xiaobo Wang,Chuang Yao,Kai Xia,Jintao Xiao,Xinguang Fang,Guodong Jiang,Jian Xiong,Mingxia Fan
Sulfide electrolytes are a highly promising type of electrolyte due to their intrinsically soft properties and ultrahigh ionic conductivity . However, compatibility issues at the lithium interface have hindered their development in all-solid-state lithium metal batteries . Composite polymer electrolytes can indeed address interface issues, enhancing battery safety. Nonetheless, the incompatibility at the inorganic-organic interface within composite electrolytes can lead to reduced conductivity and diminished mechanical performance. Herein, we demonstrate a composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) composed of the Li 6 PS 5 Cl and polyethylene oxide (PEO) by the chemical bridging effect of (3-chloropropyl) trimethoxysilane (CTMS) on the 3D PET nonwoven framework to resolving the incompatibility between the inorganic and organic components, thereby reinforcing the chemical and mechanical performance of the electrolyte. The CPE shows superior characteristics, including elevated ionic conductivity (7.5 × 10 −4 S cm −1 ), an extended electrochemical stability window (5.3 V versus Li/Li + ), an expanded lithium transference number (t (Li + ) = 0.52), and higher mechanical strength (9.35 MPa). The assembly of a Li/Li symmetric cell, operating steadily for 400 h at a current density of 0.3 mA cm −2 while maintaining a stable and relatively low polarization voltage (70 mV), demonstrates exceptional stability with respect to the lithium electrode. Moreover, the LiFePO 4 /Li cell initially exhibits a discharge-specific capacity of 163.6 mAh g −1 with a coulombic efficiency approaching 100 % after 100 cycles at 0.1C. This endeavor offers a robust, attainable, and scalable methodology for crafting composite electrolytes, thereby paving the path for the practical implementation of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2024
·
IF 7.1
Yujiang Sun,Xin Zhang,Shijie Xu,Shunjin Yang,Xinyu Wang,Xiaorou Cao,Xiao Sun,Yuzhe Zhang,Dehang Ren,Xiaohu Hu,Haoyu Yang,Qiaran Zhang,Zongjing Lu,Xuejing Zhang,Yongan Yang
Lithium sulfide (Li2S) is a critical material for two systems of next-generation advanced lithium batteries. However, its practical applications are seriously impeded by its expensive price due to its troublesome storage and problematic production. Herein we report the synthesis of Li2S by thermally reducing lithium sulfate with hydrogen. Compared with the industrial approach of carbothermal reduction, this new method using a gaseous reductant is advantageous because of emitting zero amount of carbon oxides, having no solid byproducts or precursor residuals, generating only one environmentally benign and recyclable byproduct of water, and not requiring postsynthesis purification. Those features make this method cost-effective and easy for material storage. Moreover, the actual synthesis involves many parasitic reactions, which surprisingly do not cause real troubles for producing high-purity Li2S. Furthermore, compared with the commercial Li2S, the as-synthesized Li2S demonstrates superior performance when used as the cathode material in lithium–sulfur batteries and as the precursor to make sulfide solid electrolyte Li6PS5Cl for all-solid-state lithium batteries. Therefore, this green method enables paving the way for practical sustainable applications of Li2S.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2017
·
IF 7.504
Yanchun Yang,Lijian Huang,Daocheng Pan
In our recent report (ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces2016, 8, 5308), Li+ ions had been successfully incorporated into the lattice of the selenized Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin film on a quartz substrate by substituting equivalent Cu+ ions, and Li+ ions was also found to have the little effect on the crystal growth and defect passivation. To further improve the cell performance of Li-doped CZTSSe devices, we conducted the same experiments on the sodium-rich soda-lime glass (SLG) substrate in this study, instead of sodium-free quartz substrate. Surprisingly, only trace amounts of Li (Li/Cu molar ratio ∼1 × 10–4) were detected in the final CZTSSe thin films; meanwhile, a large amount of sodium was present on the surface and at the grain boundaries of the selenized thin films. A Li/Na exchange mechanism is used to explain this phenomenon. Only on the sodium-free substrate can Li+ ions enter the CZTSSe host lattice, and doping Li+ ions on the SLG substrate are nearly identical to doping Na+ ions.
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PubMed
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2016
·
IF 7.145
Haomiao Li,Kangli Wang,Shijie Cheng,Kai Jiang
For the first time, Sb–Sn alloys are reported as environmentally friendly positive electrodes for high performance liquid metal batteries (LMBs). Meanwhile, the dominant role of Sb in setting the potential and the inert “solvent” role of Sn in lowering the melting point and decreasing the cell cost are clarified on the basis of electrochemical titration and ex situ analysis. The Li||Sb–Sn LMB exhibits superior rate performance (only 13% capacity loss from 100 mA cm–2 to 1 A cm–2 of current densities), low materials cost (73 $ kW h–1), and high energy density (200.4 W h kg–1) at reduced operating temperature. Most notably, after 3500 h of operation (more than 430 full charge–discharge cycles), a discharge capacity of 20.6 Ah is maintained with a capacity retention of 96.7%, corresponding to a fade rate of 0.0078% per cycle, which potentially meets the metrics of large-scale energy storage without environmental concerns.
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JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
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2017
·
IF 2.299
L. Deng,Jing Ni,J.M. Qin,X.P. Jia
Nano-particle and defect have been proved to be effective in depressing the lattice thermal conductivity and improving the performance of thermoelectric materials . In this work, In 0.5 Sn x Co 4 Sb 12 were prepared using a high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) method, In and Sn was assumed that In plays the role of a filler and occupies the Sb-icosahedron voids. Doping of In and Sn results in the defects, nanostructuring, and mesoscale structuring were all combined into a single skutterudite matrix. The thermoelectric properties were measured in the temperature range of 321–710 K. As expected, with the synthetic pressures increased，the thermal conductivity of samples improved significantly. The minimum value of In 0.5 Sn 0.4 Co 4 Sb 12 synthesized at 3.8 GPa is 1.79 Wm −1 K −1 and the highest Seebeck coefficient of sample In 0.5 Sn 0.2 Co 4 Sb 12 synthesized at 2.8 GPa reached 222 μV K −1 finally.
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