查找使用阿拉丁产品的科研文献

Glycyrrhizic acid-loaded biomimetic hybrid liposomes targeting inflammatory cascades and PD-1/PD-L1 pathway to reverse neuroinflammation-driven cognitive decline

Yaxin Wang,Fang Luo,Pengcheng Zhang,Hong Niu,Yaomin Tan,Yizhi Zhang,Ziyan Tang,Lina Du,Yiguang Jin,Xu Jin

Neuroinflammation is a key pathogenic process in multiple central nervous system (CNS) disorders. It can lead to neuronal injury and cognitive decline through excessive glial activation and aberrant engagement of the programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) checkpoint axis. To address these pathologies, we engineered a PD-1-enriched macrophage-membrane, lactoferrin-modified, PEGylated, glycyrrhizic-acid–loaded biomimetic hybrid liposome (PMLpGL) for dual, precise modulation of the neuroinflammatory microenvironment. PMLpGL alleviates neuronal inhibitory signaling by reversibly sequestering excess PD-L1 via membrane-anchored PD-1, while its cargo GA suppresses high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1)-driven inflammatory cascades, thereby returning inducible PD-1/PD-L1 expression and glial activation toward homeostasis. Physicochemical characterization showed a hydrodynamic diameter of 165 ± 3 nm and a zeta potential of −10.2 ± 0.2 mV. Engineered macrophage membranes displayed marked PD-1 overexpression, and ligand-depletion saturation assays demonstrated specific, saturable PD-1/PD-L1 binding. In a Transwell blood–brain barrier (BBB) model, PMLpGL achieved a 24-h permeability of 22.86 ± 0.14 %, indicating robust in-vitro BBB traversal. In vivo fluorescence imaging showed peak brain accumulation at 24 h with retention to 48 h; liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry further confirmed brain targeting and persistence—at 12 h, brain GA with PMLpGL was ∼48-fold higher than free drug and remained quantifiable at 48 h. Pharmacodynamic evaluations in cells and mice demonstrated that PMLpGL suppresses glial activation and normalizes inducible checkpoint expression; reshapes the cytokine milieu by lowering IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and HMGB1 while increasing IL-10, TGF-β, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor; and restores the synaptic protein synapsin-1. Correspondingly, PMLpGL significantly improved cognition in open-field, novel object recognition, and Morris water maze tests. Collectively, PMLpGL combines PD-1 decoy sequestration with GA-mediated upstream immunomodulation to attenuate neuroinflammatory cascades, protect neurons, and reverse cognitive deficits. By pairing BBB compatibility with microenvironment-precise regulation, this platform offers a promising therapeutic strategy for CNS diseases associated with cognitive decline.

A CD36-Targeting Thermosensitive Berberine Nanogel Blocks Tumor Lipid Hijacking and Potentiates Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Wanyu Jin,Shujun Xu,Hongyan Zhang,Yujie Li,Mengna Shi,Ninghui Ma,Xin Zhang,Lujia Zhu,Yang Xiong

The limited efficacy of programmed death-ligand-1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibodies (aPD-L1) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is largely attributable to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Notably, the abundance of cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) constitutes a distinctive feature of the TNBC microenvironment, contributing significantly to its immunosuppressive nature. CAAs upregulate cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), a fatty acid translocase on tumor cells, thereby promoting excessive fatty acids (FAs) uptake and lipid droplet (LD) accumulation, which starve immune cells and reinforce immunosuppression through this metabolic adaptation. Berberine (BBR), a bioactive alkaloid derived from Rhizoma coptidis, has previously been shown to ameliorate lipid metabolism disorders through downregulation of CD36 in metabolic diseases such as hepatic steatosis. We therefore hypothesize that BBR inhibits CD36-mediated FAs uptake and reduces LD accumulation in tumor cells, representing a novel mechanism that remains unexplored in the context of TNBC. In this study, we demonstrated that BBR counteracts the tumor-promoting effects of CAAs in 4T1 cells by inhibiting CD36 upregulation and its mediated FAs uptake, thereby reducing CAA-induced LD accumulation and ultimately suppressing tumor cell proliferation. Furthermore, BBR remodeled the TME by enhancing CD8+ T cell recruitment and activity, while reducing immunosuppressive factors. In order to improve the sustained release of BBR at the tumor site and overcome its poor aqueous solubility, we created a thermosensitive hydrogel-based nanoparticle system (BBR-NPs-GEL). This injectable hydrogel demonstrated favorable thermosensitive gelation and shear-thinning behavior, making it suitable for localized administration. It exhibited a gelation temperature of 35.3 ± 0.2 °C and a sustained release profile with 52% of BBR released within 48 h. In 4T1Fluc tumor-bearing mice, BBR-NPs-GEL significantly suppressed tumor growth and remodeled the TME, as evidenced by increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells (+8.49%), activation of dendritic cells (+8.39%), and a shift toward M1-macrophages (+39.9%), accompanied by a reduction in M2-macrophages (−19.13%). Importantly, when combined with aPD-L1 therapy, the treatment elicited synergistic antitumor effects, resulting in enhanced tumor regression. This combination strategy effectively overcame metabolic immunosuppression and reversed immune resistance in TNBC.

A triple combination strategy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Aptamer-guided liposomal chemotherapy, engineered NK cells, and Fc-enhanced PD-L1 antibody therapy

Chaoyan Yao,Lei Wang,Weidong Liu,Ning Shi,Ziling Liao,Yuxuan Fu,Jinhao Ouyang,Xuan Lei,Qianping Huang,Siyu Li,Yihua Zhouyang,Pinnan Zhao,Jie Wang,Hongjuan Xu,Wenhu Zhou,Xingjun Jiang,Xiang Gao,Caiping Ren,Longlong Luo

The effective treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is challenged by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and insufficient immune effector cell activation. Herein, we design a synergistic tri-modal therapeutic strategy to overcome these barriers. This platform integrates: (1) a CD109-targeted liposomal doxorubicin (S3-Lip-DOX) for precise chemotherapy and induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD); (2) non-genetically engineered natural killer (NK) cells armed with dual aptamers (targeting CD109 and PD-L1) via bio-orthogonal chemistry for enhanced tumor recognition (S3-P-NK); and (3) an Fc-engineered anti-PD-L1 antibody (Atezolizumab/IgG1) that restores antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Crucially, we uncovered a key mechanistic synergy: S3-Lip-DOX treatment, as a stress-adaptive response, upregulates PD-L1 expression on NPC cells. This finding provides a compelling rationale for the integration, turning a potential immune escape mechanism into a therapeutic vulnerability. The complete regimen, comprising S3-Lip-DOX, S3-P-NK, and Atezolizumab/IgG1, demonstrated potent synergistic antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo . This triple-combination therapy not only achieved significant tumor regression but also robustly reprogrammed the innate tumor microenvironment, evidenced by enhanced dendritic cell (DC) maturation and pro-inflammatory macrophage activation. This work establishes a mechanism-driven, modular therapeutic platform that effectively coordinates targeted chemotherapy with innate immunotherapy, holding significant translational potential for solid tumors.

Novel Dual-Mode NIR-II/MRI Nanoprobe Targeting PD-L1 Accurately Evaluates the Efficacy of Immunotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Wan-Ling Liu,Yong-Qu Zhang,Xiang-Jie Luo,Yuan-Yuan Zhu,Liang Song,Zi-He Ming,Li-Xin Zhang,Meng-Jun Li,Rui-Chan Lv,Guo-Jun Zhang,Min Chen

Fish oil-based microemulsion can efficiently deliver oral peptide blocking PD-1/PD-L1 and simultaneously induce ferroptosis for cancer immunotherapy

Xin Yang,Wanqiong Li,Shuzhen Li,Shaomeng Chen,Zheng Hu,Zhuoying He,Xueqin Zhu,Xiaoshuang Niu,Xiuman Zhou,Huihao Li,Youmei Xiao,Juan Liu,Xinghua Sui,Guanyu Chen,Yanfeng Gao

Peptide immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy have attracted great attention recently, but oral delivery of these peptides remains a huge challenge due to the harsh gastrointestinal environment, large molecular size, high hydrophilic, and poor transmembrane permeability. Here, for the first time, a fish oil-based microemulsion was developed for oral delivery of programmed death-1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) blocking model peptide, OPBP-1. The delivery system was characterized, in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to evaluate its overall implication. As a result, this nutraceutical microemulsion was easily formed without the need of co-surfactants, and it appeared light yellow, transparent, good flowability with a particle size of 152 ± 0.73 nm, with a sustained drug release manner of 56.45 ± 0.36% over 24 h and a great stability within the harsh intestinal environment. It enhanced intestinal drug uptake and transportation over human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells, and drastically elevated the oral peptide bioavailability of 4.1-fold higher than that of OPBP-1 solution. Meanwhile, the mechanism of these dietary droplets permeated over the intestinal enterocytic membrane was found via clathrin and caveolae-mediated endocytic pathways. From the in vivo studies, the microemulsion facilitated the infiltration of CD8 + T lymphocytes in tumors, with increased interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secretion. Thus, it manifested a promising immune anti-tumor effect and significantly inhibited the growth of murine colonic carcinoma (CT26). Furthermore, it was found that the fish oil could induce ferroptosis in tumor cells and exhibited synergistic effect with OPBP-1 for cancer immunotherapy. In conclusion, this fish oil-based formulation demonstrated great potential for oral delivery of peptides with its natural property in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related ferroptosis of tumor cells, which provides a great platform for functional green oral delivery system in cancer immunotherapy.

A tumor cell membrane-coated self-amplified nanosystem as a nanovaccine to boost the therapeutic effect of anti-PD-L1 antibody

Zhilin Li,Hao Cai,Zhiqian Li,Long Ren,Xuelei Ma,Hongyan Zhu,Qiyong Gong,Hu Zhang,Zhongwei Gu,Kui Luo

To improve the response rate of immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-PD-L1 antibody in immunosuppressive cancers like triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) at tumor sites can increase the antigenicity and adjuvanticity to activate the immune microenvironment so that tumors become sensitive to the intervention of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Herein, a self-amplified biomimetic nanosystem, mEHGZ, was constructed by encapsulation of epirubicin (EPI), glucose oxidase (Gox) and hemin in ZIF-8 nanoparticles and coating of the nanoparticles with calreticulin (CRT) over-expressed tumor cell membrane. EPI acts as an ICD inducer, Gox and hemin medicate the cascade generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to strengthen the ICD effect, and CRT-rich membrane as “eat me” signal promote presentation of the released antigens by dendritic cells (DCs) to invoke the tumor-immunity cycle. The biomimetic delivery system displays an amplified ICD effect via Gox oxidation, hydroxyl radical generation and glutathione (GSH) depletion. The induced potent ICD effect promotes DCs maturation and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) infiltration, reversing an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment to an immunoresponsive one. Treatment with the nanosystem in combination with anti-PD-L1 antibody results in distinctive inhibition of tumor growth and lung metastasis, supporting that a potent ICD effect can significantly boost the therapeutic efficacy of the anti-PD-L1 antibody. This self-amplified biomimetic nanoplatform offers a promising means of raising the response rate of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Multifunctional Nanoparticles-Mediated PTT/PDT Synergistic Immune Activation and Antitumor Activity Combined with Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy for Breast Cancer Treatment

Cunqing Kong,Banghao Xu,Guanhua Qiu,Meng Wei,Mengqi Zhang,Shengxian Bao,Jiali Tang,Lequn Li,JunJie Liu

Introduction Photoimmunotherapy is a breakthrough treatment for malignant tumors. Its uniqueness is that it uses antibody mediated targeted delivery to achieve high tumor specificity and uses laser-activated biophysical mechanism to accurately induce the rapid death of cancer cells and avoid damaging the surrounding normal tissues. Methods In this paper, an iron-based micelle was designed to encapsulate the photothermal agent indocyanine green (ICG) and a cyclic tripeptide of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) as targeted multifunctional ICG@SANPs-cRGD nanoparticles for combined photothermal/photodynamic/immune therapy of breast cancer. Results The experimental results show that ICG@SANPs-cRGD nanoparticles have good biocompatibility and photothermal conversion ability. Photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) based on ICG@SANPs-cRGD can not only inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of tumor cells, but also directly kill tumor cells by inducing apoptosis or necrosis. Dual-mode fluorescence light (FL) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging in mice confirmed the selective accumulation at tumor sites and imaging ability of ICG@SANPs-cRGD. PTT/PDT combined with Anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy based on ICG@SANPs-cRGD mediated the immunogenic cell death (ICD) of tumor cells by regulating the expression of immune-related indicators and activated the body's immune response mechanism, which enhanced the immunotherapy effect of immune checkpoint block (ICB). PTT/PDT combined with Anti-PD-L1 therapy not only prevented the progression of the primary tumor but also inhibited the distant metastasis of the tumor. Discussion This study explores the biomedical application of PTT/PDT combined with Anti-PD-L1 based on ICG@SANPs-cRGD nanomaterials for breast cancer treatment and demonstrates the potential of ICG@SANPs-cRGD as a multifunctional therapeutic platform for future cancer therapy.

Combination of an autophagy inhibitor with immunoadjuvants and an anti-PD-L1 antibody in multifunctional nanoparticles for enhanced breast cancer immunotherapy

Cheng Yibin,Wang Caixia,Wang Huihui,Zhang Zhiwei,Yang Xiaopeng,Dong Yanming,Ma Lixin,Luo Jingwen

Background The application of combination therapy for cancer treatment is limited due to poor tumor-specific drug delivery and the abscopal effect. Methods Here, PD-L1- and CD44-responsive multifunctional nanoparticles were developed using a polymer complex of polyethyleneimine and oleic acid (PEI-OA) and loaded with two chemotherapeutic drugs (paclitaxel and chloroquine), an antigen (ovalbumin), an immunopotentiator (CpG), and an immune checkpoint inhibitor (anti-PD-L1 antibody). Results PEI-OA greatly improved the drug loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of the nanoplatform, while the anti-PD-L1 antibody significantly increased its cellular uptake compared to other treatment formulations. Pharmacodynamic experiments confirmed that the anti-PD-L1 antibody can strongly inhibit primary breast cancer and increase levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell at the tumor site. In addition, chloroquine reversed the “immune-cold” environment and improved the anti-tumor effect of both chemotherapeutics and immune checkpoint inhibitors, while it induced strong immune memory and prevented lung metastasis. Conclusions Our strategy serves as a promising approach to the rational design of nanodelivery systems for simultaneous active targeting, autophagy inhibition, and chemotherapy that can be combined with immune-checkpoint inhibitors for enhanced breast cancer treatment.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Nano-Orchestrators for Precisely Regulated Immunogenic Cell Death as Potent Cancer Vaccines

Yulu Teng,Zhenzhen Yang,Yiwei Peng,Yiliang Yang,Siyu Chen,Jiajia Li,Datong Gao,Wen Sun,Zinan Wu,Yanxia Zhou,Xinru Li,Xianrong Qi

Dying tumor cells regulated by immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers are promising candidates for cancer vaccine development because of their comprehensive antigen spectrum. However, their limited immunogenicity and potential tumorigenicity hinder clinical translation. To address these challenges, a nano-orchestrator is developed that targets the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a critical pre-ICD event, to optimize the “precise dose” of ER stress. Using a clinical-range irradiation fluence (50‒200 J cm −2 ) with an 808 nm laser, the release of damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and antigens are precisely regulated. A fluence of 150 J cm −2 (2 W cm −2 for 75 s) increases dendritic cell maturation and antitumor T cell proliferation, providing valuable clinical insights. The ER stress nano-orchestrator enhances both adjuvanticity and antigenicity via the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)-C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) pathway to regulate ICD-induced DAMPs and promote tumor cell apoptosis. These optimized ER stress phototherapeutic dying tumor cells can serve as prophylactic vaccines, achieving a remarkable 100% success rate against tumor rechallenge in vivo. Additionally, the nano-orchestrator shows the potential to develop in situ therapeutic tumor vaccines when combined with anti-PD-L1 treatment, providing important insights into enhancing the efficacy of immune checkpoint regulators by modulating endogenous immune responses.

Cancer Cell Membrane-Coated siRNA-Decorated Au/MnO2 Nanosensitizers for Synergistically Enhanced Radio-Immunotherapy of Breast Cancer

Diyu Wang,Subin Lin,Tuanwei Li,Xiaohu Yang,Xiang Zhong,Qian Chen,Guoqin Jiang,Chunyan Li

ABSTRACT Radiotherapy plays a critical role in the clinical treatment of breast cancer. However, the efficacy of traditional X-ray radiotherapy is greatly limited by its low tumor specificity and treatment tolerance mediated by the tumor microenvironment. Herein, we proposed a novel nano-radiotherapy sensitization strategy to design and construct a cancer cell membrane-coated siRNA-decorated Au/MnO 2 nanosensitizer (R&F@Au/MnO 2 -CM) to synergistically enhance radio-immunotherapy for breast cancer. In the integrated nanosensitizer, the cancer cell membrane (CM) derived from 4T1 breast cancer cells is utilized for targeted functionality, while Au/MnO 2 is designed to improve X-ray absorption and alleviate tumor hypoxia. Additionally, PD-L1 siRNA (R) is used to downregulate PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. In an in situ mouse model of 4T1 breast cancer, R&F@Au/MnO 2 -CM demonstrated accurate tumor identification via CM-mediated homologous targeting after intravenous injection, which was monitored in real-time through NIR-II fluorescence imaging of NIR-935 (F). Subsequently, the radiotherapy sensitivity was achieved due to the strong radiation absorption properties and oxygen generation through catalysis of Au/MnO 2 upon X-ray irradiation. Furthermore, the immunosuppressive microenvironment of the tumor is improved by downregulating PD-L1, enhancing synergistic anti-tumor effect. Our findings demonstrate a promising approach for tumor treatment by combining targeted enhanced radiotherapy with immune activation.

Development of a series of flurbiprofen and zaltoprofen platinum(IV) complexes with anti-metastasis competence targeting COX-2, PD-L1 and DNA

Zuojie Li,Linming Li,Wenhuan Zhao,Bin Sun,Zhifang Liu,Min Liu,Jun Han,Zhengping Wang,Dacheng Li,Qingpeng Wang

To develop new anti-metastasis chemotherapeutic drugs, a series of flurbiprofen (FLP) and zaltoprofen (ZTP) platinum(IV) complexes targeting COX-2, PD-L1 and DNA was prepared and investigated. Complex 2 with dual FLP ligands displays promising antitumor activities in vitro and exhibits much potential in overcoming drug resistance. More importantly, the antitumor evaluation in vivo demonstrates that complex 2 possesses promising inhibition of cancer growth and metastasis simultaneously. Further investigation of the mechanism revealed the multi-specific antitumor function of complex 2. It exerts remarkable DNA damage after reduction to platinum(II) complex, and up-regulates the expression of p53 and γ-H2AX. Then, complex 2 promotes mitochondria-mediated apoptosis effectively by activating the Bcl-2/Bax/caspase3 pathway. Furthermore, inflammation in tumor tissues is restrained by the suppression of enzymes COX-2, MMP-9, NLRP3 and caspase1, which would favor the inhibition of tumor metastasis. Moreover, compound 2 boosts T-cell immunity by restraining PD-L1 expression, and further improving the density of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells in tumor tissues.

In situ-engineered NU-1000@graphene with kinetics-efficiency dual-boosted ECL for ultrasensitive detection of PD-L1+ extracellular vesicles in NSCLC

Mengxuan Zhang,Xuxiang Zheng,Lanyue Kou,Lizhu Xiao,Huan Cai,Tao Hu,Yujiao Ma,Anyi Chen,Min Zhao

In situ -engineered NU-1000@Gra gives 2.20-fold ECL enhancement via dual paths, surmounting single-component trade-off. • First Zr-MOF/graphene synergistically boosts ECL, lifting quantum yield from 11.89% to 15.69% via excited-state optimization. • TDN strategy enhances stability and anti-interference, enabling PD-L1 + tEV detection with LOD 899.35 particles/mL. • NGTA platform detects NSCLC with 100% sensitivity, 90.91% accuracy, 32.09-fold lower LOD than ELISA for tEV biopsy. Tumor-derived PD-L1 + extracellular vesicles (PD-L1 + tEVs) represent valuable liquid-biopsy biomarkers for non-small-cell lung cancer, whereas their reliable quantification is largely restricted by low abundance and complex matrix interference. Herein, we fabricated an in-situ engineered NU-1000@Graphene (Gra) nanohybrid as a kinetics-efficiency dual-boosted electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitter to build the N U-1000@ G ra t etrahedral a ptasensor (NGTA). Benefiting from intimate interfacial coupling, Gra acted as a bifunctional accelerator in the NU-1000/S 2 O 8 2− system, accelerating interfacial electron transfer and sulfate radical production to realize a 1.58-fold improvement in ECL kinetics and a 1.39-fold enhancement in luminescence efficiency. Assisted by the tetrahedral DNA nanostructure scaffold that suppressed non-specific adsorption, the NGTA achieved an ultralow detection limit of 899.35 particles/mL for PD-L1 + tEVs. Preliminary clinical results demonstrated its diagnostic potential. This work underscores the significance of metal-organic framework (MOF)-Gra interfacial engineering for synergistic ECL amplification, providing a rational material design paradigm for high-performance liquid-biopsy biosensors.