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Biomaterials Science · 2019 ·Vol. 8 ·期 1 ·353-369 · IF 5.251

Responsive agarose hydrogel incorporated with natural humic acid and MnO2 nanoparticles for effective relief of tumor hypoxia and enhanced photo-induced tumor therapy

Mengmeng Hou,Weiwei Liu,Lei Zhang,Leiyang Zhang,Zhigang Xu,Yang Cao,Yuejun Kang,Peng Xue

In spite of widespread applications of nano-photosensitizers, poor tumor penetration and severe hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment (TME) always result in an undesirable therapeutic outcome of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Herein, a biocompatible agarose-based hydrogel incorporated with sodium humate (SH), manganese oxide (MnO2) and chlorin e6 (Ce6) was synthesized as agarose@SH/MnO2/Ce6 through a “co-trapped” strategy during a sol–gel process and employed for combined photothermal therapy (PTT) and enhanced PDT. NIR-induced local hyperthermia is responsible for not only activating Ce6 release, but also triggering the catalytic decomposition of H2O2 mediated by MnO2 to relieve hypoxia. Such a hybrid hydrogel can realize deep tissue penetration through intratumoral injection, and exhibit remarkable tumor-site retention. Moreover, programmed laser irradiation led to an extremely high tumor growth inhibition rate of 93.8% in virtue of enhanced PTT/PDT. In addition, ultralow systemic toxicity caused by the hybrid hydrogel was further demonstrated in vivo. This reliable and eco-friendly hydrogel paves the way for the development of smart gel-based biomaterials, which respond to both exogenous and endogenous stimuli, towards the management of cancer and other major diseases.

研究领域: 生物医学工程 · 纳米技术 · 癌症治疗 · 材料科学
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Redox Biology · 2021 · IF 11.799

Non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation initiated by photodynamic therapy drives a distinct ferroptosis-like cell death pathway

Sufang Shui,Zenglu Zhao,Hao Wang,Marcus Conrad,Guoquan Liu

Ferroptosis is primarily triggered by a failure of the glutathione (GSH)-glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) reductive system and associated overwhelming lipid peroxidation, in which enzymes regulating polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism, and in particular acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 (ACSL4), are central. Here, we found that exogenous oxygen radicals generated by photodynamic therapy (PDT) can directly peroxidize PUFAs and initiate lipid autoxidation, coinciding with cellular GSH depletion. Different from canonical ferroptosis induced by RSL3 or erastin, PDT-initiated lipid peroxidation and ferroptotis-like cell death is independent of lipoxygenase (ALOXs) and ACSL4. Especially, this form of cell death modality can be triggered in malignant cells insensitive to or acquired resistance to canonical ferroptosis inducers. We also observed a distinct iron metabolism pathway in this PDT-triggered cell death modality, in which cytosolic labile iron is decreased probably due to its relocation to mitochondria. Inhibition of the mitochondrial Ca 2+ and Fe 2+ uniporter (MCU) effectively prevented PDT-triggered lipid peroxidation and subsequent cell death. Therefore, we tentatively term this distinct ferroptosis-like cell death as liperoptosis. Moreover, using the clinically approved photosensitizer Verteporfin, PDT inhibited tumor growth through inducing prevailing ferroptosis-like cell death in a mouse xenograft model. With its site-specific advantages, these findings highlight the value of using PDT to trigger lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis-like cell death in vivo , and will benefit exploring the exact molecular mechanism of immunological effects of PDT in cancer treatment.

CAS / MDL: 148504-34-1
研究领域: 肿瘤学 · 细胞生物学 · 药理学
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS · 2021 · IF 4.539

Fabrication of denatured BSA-hemin-IR780 (dBHI) nanoplatform for synergistic combination of phototherapy and chemodynamic therapy

Nannan Zheng,Yitong Chen,Lei Jiang,Hongchao Ma

Combined photo-induced cancer therapy (photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT)) is a promising anti-cancer strategy for its non-invasiveness property. However, severe hypoxia in tumor microenvironment (TME) would weaken the PDT effect and limit the clinical efficiency of PTT/PDT treatment. To solve this problem, denatured BSA-hemin-IR780 (dBHI) was designed and synthesized for anti-cancer treatment in this work. Denatured bovine serum albumin (dBSA) was used as the binding matrix to bind hemin and IR780 via covalent reaction and hydrophobic self-assembly, respectively. The obtained dBHI nanoparticles possess both PTT and PDT effect due to the presence of IR780 in the composites. Moreover, because of the existence of hemin, dBHI also exhibited photo-enhanced Fenton-like catalytic performance, which could decompose H 2 O 2 to form oxygen for improving the PDT effect and generate hydroxyl radical (·OH) for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Therefore, by using dBHI, synergistic effect of PTT/PDT/CDT combined treatment has been achieved for cancer therapy.

研究领域: 癌症治疗 · 纳米技术 · 光疗 · 化学动力学治疗
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BIOMATERIALS · 2021 · IF 12.479

A versatile gas-generator promoting drug release and oxygen replenishment for amplifying photodynamic-chemotherapy synergetic anti-tumor effects

Xiudan Wang,Yuling Mao,Changshan Sun,Qinfu Zhao,Yikun Gao,Siling Wang

Excellent efficiency of combinational therapy of chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) highly depends on the amounts of drug and oxygen in tumor tissue. However, how to cleverly promote drug release accompanied with improving oxygen concentration remains a challenge. Herein, we proposed a gas-generator that realized a high drug loading and integrated facilitation of drug release with oxygen replenishment into a single and simple system, utilizing huge cavities and mesoporous channels of hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) for encapsulating oxygen (O 2 ) saturated perfluoropentane (PFP) droplets, indocyanine green (ICG) and doxorubicin (DOX), biocompatible polydopamine (PDA) as the gatekeepers. Under irradiation of 808 nm laser , the thermal effect of PDA caused PFP droplets occur liquid-gas phase transition that triggered the burst release of DOX and O 2 , finally amplifying the synergetic effects of PDT and chemotherapy both in vitro and in vivo. The influence of PFP, GSH and laser on drug release kinetic was explored through mathematical models. Notably, the mechanism of gas-generator on accelerating drug release under irradiation based on doing volume work and enhancing diffusion coefficient was clarified by researching the relation between DOX release, PFP release and temperature change. Additionally, the way of replenishing O 2 did not rely on intracellular components but timely offered abundant “fuels” for producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) when compared with traditional manners. This work provides a new research strategy for boosting drug release and opens an avenue for constructing multifunctional controlled delivery systems.

研究领域: 癌症治疗 · 纳米医学 · 药物递送系统 · 光动力疗法 · 化疗
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Biomaterials Science · 2021 ·Vol. 9 ·期 22 ·7456-7470 · IF 6.843

A metformin-based nanoreactor alleviates hypoxia and reduces ATP for cancer synergistic therapy

Xiangyu Meng,Jia Song,Yunfeng Lei,Xuezhong Zhang,Zhixin Chen,Zhuoxuan Lu,Liming Zhang,Zhifei Wang

Severe hypoxia in solid tumors limits the efficacy of oxygen (O2)-dependent photodynamic therapy (PDT). The overexpressed heat shock proteins (HSPs) in tumor cells hamper the effect of photothermal therapy (PTT). Herein, a tumor oxygenation-enhanced and ATP-reduced gelatin nanoreactor (MCGPD ∼ RGD NPs) for PDT/PTT-augmented combination cancer therapy is reported. In this nanosystem, the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptides of MCGPD ∼ RGD NPs can ensure accurate recognition and sufficient accumulation in the tumor site. After accumulation, doxorubicin (DOX) can be released from MCGPD ∼ RGD NPs in a mild acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) for highly efficient chemotherapy. Upon 808 nm laser irradiation, the overexpressed matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in the TME and the heat produced from the PDA coating trigger Gel NP degradation to expose chlorin e6 (Ce6) and Met from the cavity of MCGPD ∼ RGD NPs. The exposed Met elevates the O2 content and reduces ATP production in tumor sites to spur the successful O2-dependent PDT and HSP-mediated PTT. The heat generated by the PDA coating directly kills the tumor cells to ensure PTT and amplifies the chemotherapeutic effect. In vitro and in vivo assays indicate that MCGPD ∼ RGD NPs have excellent ability to promote cell apoptosis and to inhibit tumor growth. Overall, this smart responsive hydrogel nanosystem with hypoxia-relieving capacity and ATP-decreasing performance provides a promising strategy against cancer.

CAS / MDL: 25316-40-9 1115-70-4
研究领域: 癌症治疗 · 纳米技术 · 生物医学工程 · 药学
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TALANTA · 2023 · IF 6.1

Chlorin e6 (Ce6)-loaded plaque-specific liposome with enhanced photodynamic therapy effect for atherosclerosis treatment

Lin Zou,Yao Zhang,Nihad Cheraga,Oluwatosin David Abodunrin,Kai-Yun Qu,Li Qiao,Yu-Qing Ma,Li-Juan Chen,Ning-Ping Huang

Recently, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been considered as a new strategy for atherosclerosis treatment. Targeted delivery of photosensitizer could significantly reduce its toxicity and enhance its phototherapeutic efficiency. CD68 is an antibody that can be conjugated to nano-drug delivery systems to actively target plaque sites, owing to its specific binding to CD68 receptors that are highly expressed on the surfaces of macrophage-derived foam cells. Liposomes are very popular nanocarriers due to their ability to encapsulate a wide range of therapeutic compounds including drugs, microRNAs and photosensitizers, and their ability to be surface-modified with targeting moieties leading to the development of nanocarriers with an improved targeted ability. Hence, we designed a Ce6-loaded liposomes using the film dispersion method, followed by the conjugation of CD68 antibody on the liposomal surface through a covalent crosslinking reaction, forming CD68-modified Ce6-loaded liposomes (CD68-Ce6-mediated liposomes). Flow cytometry results indicated that Ce6-containing liposomes were more effective in promoting intracellular uptake after laser irradiation. Furthermore, CD68-modified liposomes significantly strengthened the cellular recognization and thus internalization. Different cell lines have been incubated with the liposomes, and the results showed that CD68-Ce6-mediated liposomes had no significant cytotoxicity to coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) under selected conditions. Interestingly, they promoted autophagy in foam cells through the increase in LC3-Ⅰ, LC3-Ⅱ expression and the decrease in p62 expression, and restrained the migration of mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (MOVAS) in vitro. Moreover, the enhancement of atherosclerotic plaque stability and the reduction in the cholesterol content by CD68-Ce6-mediated liposomes were dependent on transient reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated under laser irradiation. In summary, we demonstrated that CD68-Ce6-mediated liposomes, as a photosensitizer nano-drug delivery system, have an inhibitory effect on MOVAS migration and a promotion of cholesterol efflux in foam cells, and thereby, represent promising nanocarriers for atherosclerosis photodynamic therapy.

CAS / MDL: 25952-53-8 6066-82-6
研究领域: 药理学 · 纳米技术 · 心血管疾病 · 治疗学
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Advanced Healthcare Materials · 2023 ·Vol. 12 ·期 12 ·2202424 · IF 10

A Self-Reinforcing Nanoplatform for Highly Effective Synergistic Targeted Combinatary Calcium-Overload and Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer

Dongdong Guo,Xiaoyong Dai,Kewei Liu,Yuhong Liu,Jiamin Wu,Kun Wang,Shengwei Jiang,Fen Sun,Lijun Wang,Bing Guo,Dongye Yang,Laiqiang Huang

While calcium-overload-mediated therapy (COMT) is a promising but largely untapped therapeutic strategy, combinatory therapy greatly boosts treatment outcomes with integrated merits of different therapies. Herein, a BPQD@CaO 2 -PEG-GPC3Ab nanoplatform is formulated by integrating calcium peroxide (CaO 2 ) and black phosphorus quantum dot (BPQD, photosensitizer) with active-targeting glypican-3 antibody (GPC3Ab), for combinatory photodynamic therapy (PDT) and COMT in response to acidic pH and near-infrared (NIR) light, wherein CaO 2 serves as the reservoir of calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Navigated by GPC3Ab to tumor cells at acidic pH, the nanoparticle disassembles to CaO 2 and BPQD; CaO 2 produces COMT Ca 2+ and H 2 O 2 , while H 2 O 2 makes oxygen (O 2 ) to promote PDT; under NIR irradiation BPQD facilitates not only the conversion of O 2 to singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) for PDT, but also moderate hyperthermia to accelerate NP dissociation to CaO 2 and BPQD, and conversions of CaO 2 to Ca 2+ and H 2 O 2 , and H 2 O 2 to O 2 , to enhance both COMT and PDT. After supplementary ionomycin treatment to induce intracellular Ca 2+ bursts, the multimodal therapeutics strikingly induce hepatocellular carcinoma apoptosis, likely through the activation of the calpains and caspases 12, 9, and 3, up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 proteins. This nanoplatform enables a mutually-amplifying and self-reinforcing synergistic therapy.

研究领域: 癌症治疗 · 纳米技术 · 光动力疗法 · 钙信号 · 药物递送系统
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DALTON TRANSACTIONS · 2022 ·Vol. 51 ·期 42 ·16119-16125 · IF 4.569

AIE-active Ir(III) complexes functionalised with a cationic Schiff base ligand: synthesis, photophysical properties and applications in photodynamic therapy

Shengnan Liu,Jiahong Han,Weijin Wang,Yulei Chang,Runlin Wang,Ziwei Wang,Guangzhe Li,Dongxia Zhu,Martin R. Bryce

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising cancer treatment method. Traditional small-molecule photosensitizers (PSs) suffer from low intersystem crossing (ISC) ability and aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), which adversely affects the luminous efficiency and singlet oxygen (1O2) yield of PSs in the aggregated state. Ir(III) complexes are promising PSs with long excited-state lifetime, good photophysical and photochemical properties and large Stokes shifts. Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics could reduce the nonradiative recombination and improve the ISC ability of excited states through the restriction of the intramolecular motions in aggregated states. Accordingly, two AIE-active Ir(III) complexes Ir-1-N+ and Ir-2-N+ were successfully designed and obtained based on Schiff base ligands. Experimental results showed that Ir-1-N+ and Ir-2-N+ have good photophysical properties and the corresponding nanoparticles (NPs) have good water solubility and 1O2 generation ability. Notably, Ir-2-N+ NPs can be efficiently taken up by mouse breast cancer cells (4T1 cells) with good biocompatibility, low dark toxicity and excellent phototoxicity. This work demonstrates a versatile strategy for exploiting efficient transition metal PSs with a cationic ligand in PDT.

CAS / MDL: 298-93-1
研究领域: 化学 · 材料科学 · 生物医学工程 · 癌症研究
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE · 2024 · IF 9.4

Cell membrane-camouflaged nanoarchitectonics of photosensitizer nanoparticles for enhanced phototherapy in surgery

Xia Xu,Jiachen Sun,Jie Zhao,Fanchen Yu,Yang Xu,Chunlei Zhang,Junbai Li

Surgical risk and wound area can be reduced by diminishing tumor volume before surgery. The chemotherapy and radiotherapy currently used that can reduce the tumor volume generally cause severe systemic side effects. Phototherapy has recently emerged as an effective treatment modality for superficial cancers. However, phototherapy is limited by the low utilization of photosensitizer, the tumor hypoxia, and the low photothermal conversion efficiency. Herein, we report the cancer membrane biomimetic nanoparticles assembled by Chlorin e6 (Ce6) and chlorambucil (CRB). Ce6@CRB nanoparticles (CCNPs) show excellent photothermal conversion efficiency, which is 2 times higher than free Ce6. Meanwhile, CCNPs can produce singlet oxygen stably compared to free Ce6 thereby reducing the dependence on oxygen. Furthermore, the coating of 4 T1 cancer membrane on the surface of CCNPs endows them with the ability of homologous targeting, not only improving the utilization of Ce6, but also effectively activating the immune system in vivo when combined photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT). Intriguingly, surgical resection is performed after phototherapy in this treatment regimen, which can effectively reduce the wound area. Together, this work provided a feasible and creative method for tumor clinical therapy for its patient-centric and humanitarian focus.

CAS / MDL: 60-24-2 51805-45-9
研究领域: 纳米技术 · 生物医学工程 · 肿瘤学 · 治疗学 · 免疫学
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE · 2025 · IF 9.7

Multifunctional porphyrinic metal-organic framework-based nanoplatform regulating reactive oxygen species achieves efficient imaging-guided cascaded nanocatalytic therapy

Haoyu Chen,Minjuan Wang,Qiquan Yang,Jing Liu,Feng Liu,Xiaohua Zhu,Shu Huang,Peng Yin,Xingfeng Wang,Haitao Li,Youyu Zhang,Meiling Liu,Mingjie Wei,Shouzhuo Yao,Yang Liu

The integration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) related photodynamic therapy (PDT) with the strategy of reshaping the tumor microenvironment (TME) has emerged as a potential approach for nanodiagnostic and therapeutic interventions. However, the therapeutic efficacy based on ROS treatments may be hindered by intracellular antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH) and tumor hypoxia. To address these challenges, a nanoplatform based on GSH-responsive multifunctional porphyrinic metal–organic framework (PCN-224@Au@MnO 2 @HA, PAMH) was proposed. It was developed through a layer-by-layer in-situ growth method. This method avoids the need for high-temperature calcination and complex modification processes while improving the stability of PCN-224 in a phosphate-rich environment. GSH depletion leads to oxidation–reduction imbalance in TME. With the inactivation of GSH peroxidase 4 (GPX4), the content of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) increases, ultimately triggering lipid peroxidation (LPO) and promoting ferroptosis. The catalase-like activity of Au nanozymes facilitates the generation of oxygen (O 2 ), thereby mitigating tumor hypoxia and downregulating hypoxia-inducing factors (HIF-1α). Due to the presence of porphyrin ligands in PCN-224, the generated O 2 can be further converted to toxic singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) under laser irradiation. Additionally, the platform allows near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging, providing real-time information on intracellular GSH changes during PDT and ferroptosis. The PAMH nanoplatform has shown effective inhibition of tumor growth in subcutaneous models via both intravenous and intratumoral injection, indicating its potential in modulating reactive oxygen/sulfur species and reshaping TME, thereby facilitating imaging-guided cascaded nanocatalytic therapy.

CAS / MDL: 14609-54-2
研究领域: 纳米医学 · 癌症治疗 · 生物化学 · 材料科学 · 成像技术
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Journal of Materials Chemistry B · 2020 ·Vol. 9 ·期 4 ·1151-1161 · IF 5.344

PSMA-targeted melanin-like nanoparticles as a multifunctional nanoplatform for prostate cancer theranostics

Liqun Dai,Guohua Shen,Yuanyuan Wang,Peng Yang,Hong Wang,Zhenhua Liu

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is highly expressed on the surface of most prostate tumor cells and is considered a promising target for prostate cancer imaging and treatment. It is possible to establish a PSMA-targeted theranostic probe to achieve early diagnosis and treatment of this cancer type. In this contribution, we prepared a multifunctional melanin-like polydopamine (PDA) nanocarrier decorated with a small-molecule PSMA inhibitor, N-[N-[(S)-1,3-dicarboxypropyl]carbamoyl]-(S)-l-lysine (DCL). PDA-DCL was then functionalized with perfluoropentane (PFP) and loaded with the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to give Ce6@PDA-DCL-PFP, which was successfully used for ultrasound-guided combined photodynamic/photothermal therapy (PDT/PTT) of prostate cancer. Compared with the corresponding non-targeted probe (Ce6@PDA-PEG-PFP), our targeted probe induced higher cellular uptake in vitro (6.5-fold) and more tumor accumulation in vivo (4.6-fold), suggesting strong active targeting capacity. Meanwhile, this new nanoplatform significantly enhanced the ultrasound contrast signal at the tumor site in vivo, thus facilitating precise and real-time detection of the tumor. In addition, this Ce6-loaded PDA nanoplatform produced a synergistic effect of PDT and PTT under 660 nm and 808 nm irradiation, inducing a more efficient killing effect compared with the individual therapy in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the tumor in the targeted group was more effectively suppressed than that in the non-targeted group under the same irradiation condition. This multifunctional probe may hold great potential for precise and early theranostics of prostate cancer.

研究领域: 癌症生物学 · 纳米技术 · 诊疗一体化 · 生物医学工程
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Theranostics · 2021 · IF 11.556

Tumor cell-activated “Sustainable ROS Generator” with homogeneous intratumoral distribution property for improved anti-tumor therapy

Junjie Liu,Xiu Zhao,Weimin Nie,Yue Yang,Chengcheng Wu,Wei Liu,Kaixiang Zhang,Zhenzhong Zhang,Jinjin Shi

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) holds a number of advantages for tumor therapy. However, its therapeutic efficiency is limited by non-sustainable reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and heterogeneous distribution of photosensitizer (PS) in tumor. Herein, a “ S ustainable R OS G enerator” (SRG) is developed for efficient antitumor therapy. Methods: SRG was prepared by encapsulating small-sized Mn 3 O 4 -Ce6 nanoparticles (MC) into dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs) and then enveloped with hyaluronic acid (HA). Due to the high concentration of HAase in tumor tissue, the small-sized MC could be released from DMSNs and homogeneously distributed in whole tumor. Then, the released MC would be uptaken by tumor cells and degraded by high levels of intracellular glutathione (GSH), disrupting intracellular redox homeostasis. More importantly, the released Ce6 could efficiently generate singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) under laser irradiation until the tissue oxygen was exhausted, and the manganese ion (Mn 2+ ) generated by degraded MC would then convert the low toxic by-product (H 2 O 2 ) of PDT to the most harmful ROS (·OH) for sustainable and recyclable ROS generation. Results: MC could be homogeneously distributed in whole tumor and significantly reduced the level of intracellular GSH. At 2 h after PDT, obvious intracellular ROS production was still observed. Moreover, during oxygen recovery in tumor tissue, ·OH could be continuously produced, and the nanosystem could induce 82% of cell death comparing with 30% of cell death induced by free Ce6. For in vivo PDT, SRG achieved a complete inhibition on tumor growth. Conclusion: Based on these findings, we conclude that the designed SRG could induce sustainable ROS generation, homogeneous intratumoral distribution and intracellular redox homeostasis disruption, presenting an efficient strategy for enhanced ROS-mediated anti-tumor therapy.

研究领域: 癌症治疗 · 纳米技术 · 药学 · 生物医学工程
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