Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 2
·121912
·
IF 7.5
Yongpan Gu,Bingbing Mao,Yali Xu,Dan Yue,Bowen Qin,Zhenling Wang,Zhongjun Li
Unsatisfied visible light response and low carrier separation efficiency hinder the advanced application of g-C 3 N 4 . In this study, the novel Co and P co-doped g-C 3 N 4 (Co/P/g-C 3 N 4 ) photocatalysts are facilely constructed in one pot by introducing vitamin B12 into the polymerization process of the urea, which obviously boosts the photocatalytic activity compared to g-C 3 N 4 . A series of characterizations confirm that the Co and P co-doping in g-C 3 N 4 not only increases the specific surface area, enhances absorption of visible light, but also facilitates the separation of charge carriers. As a result, the developed Co/P/g-C 3 N 4 -2 achieves the highest photocatalytic performance with hydrogen evolution rate of 3500.4 μmol g −1 h −1 (nearly 6.8 times that of g-C 3 N 4 ), and excellent recycle stability. This study may open a new perspective for constructing dual-elements co-doped g-C 3 N 4 materials with high photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 9.1
Wenli Zhang,Yi Yang,Xu Han,Xianhong Zheng,Haiwei Yang,Mingfei Sheng,Yi Zhang,Yiran Rong,Zongqian Wang,Peng Wang
The intermittent nature of solar irradiation limits the continuous application of semiconductor photocatalysis. Herein, a recyclable carbon nanofiber/V 2 O 5 /g-C 3 N 4 composite membrane is designed and fabricated through electrospinning and controlled carbonization, integrating photocatalytic function with electron-storage capability. The composite achieves 94.7% tetracycline degradation under light and retains 83.5% efficiency in the dark, surpassing the performance of its powder counterpart. The enhanced activity is attributed to promoted charge separation and the reversible V 5+ /V 4+ redox activity for electron storage. The composite exhibits excellent reusability and structural stability, maintaining high activity over five consecutive cycles without noticeable structural change, outperforming conventional powder catalysts in cycling durability. Mass spectrometry reveals distinct degradation pathways under light and dark conditions. This work provides a stable and easily retrievable membrane material for sustainable, continuous water purification.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Kavya Adot Veetil,Senthil Kannan,Eun Kyu Sun,Md. Homayun Kabir,Ook Choi,Tae-Hyun Kim
Integrating nanomaterials with tunable surface functionalities into polymer matrices offers a promising route for developing high-performance mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). Among these, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) facilitates gas transport and enhances membrane permeability due to its intrinsic nanopores. However, while improving the CO2 permeability, pristine g-C3N4 often compromises the CO2/CH4 selectivity. To address this trade-off, iron-doped g-C3N4 (Fe-g-C3N4) was incorporated into a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1), possessing a high free volume and excellent gas diffusion characteristics. Iron doping served to increase the CO2-philicity of g-C3N4 and strengthen its interaction with the CO2 molecules, thereby improving both permeability and selectivity. The resulting Fe-g-C3N4/PIM-1 MMMs demonstrated enhanced CO2 permeability and CO2/CH4 selectivity, indicating their potential for use in CO2 separation applications. Incorporating 0.5 wt % Fe-doped g-C3N4 into the PIM-1 matrix led to a 38.5% increase in CO2 permeability compared to pristine PIM-1 and a 12.7% improvement over the undoped g-C3N4-based MMM. While undoped g-C3N4 reduced the CO2/CH4 selectivity, Fe doping had the reverse effect, enhancing the selectivity by 7.2% relative to the undoped system. Notably, the Fe-g-C3N4/PIM-1 MMMs approach the 2008 Robeson upper bound for the CO2/CH4 separation. In addition, the membrane exhibited improved mechanical strength and antiaging and antiplasticization characteristics, collectively outperforming pristine PIM-1.
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Gels
·
2026
·Vol. 12
·期 9
·830
·
IF 6.4
Ming Zhong,Yang Xiong
To mitigate clay hydration and wellbore instability during deepwater drilling, a pH/temperature dual-responsive graft copolymer, hyperbranched polyethylenimine-g-poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (HPEI-g-PDMAEMA), was designed and synthesized via free radical polymerization. Optimized synthesis at an HPEI/DMAEMA mass ratio of 1:2 with 2.4% AIBN at 70 °C for 10 h yielded a grafting ratio of 35.2% and a molecular weight of 84.3 kDa. The copolymer exhibits a tunable lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of approximately 48 °C at pH 8, decreasing with increasing pH due to tertiary amine deprotonation. Zeta potential measurements confirm that the polymer retains a positive charge (+5 mV at pH 8) under weakly alkaline conditions, enabling strong electrostatic anchoring onto negatively charged clay surfaces. Above the LCST, dynamic light scattering reveals a sharp increase in hydrodynamic diameter from ~30 nm to >200 nm, confirming a hydrophilic-to-hydrophobic transition of PDMAEMA segments that drives the formation of a hydrophobically associated gel barrier. This thermally triggered gelation is fully reversible, as evidenced by repeated heating–cooling cycles with almost complete transmittance recovery. The gel barrier drastically reduces water uptake, with inhibition performance against clay swelling at 60 °C being 18.5 percentage points higher than that at 25 °C. Hot-rolling tests demonstrate that with only 1.5 wt% inhibitor, shale recovery reaches 94.1% at 150 °C (8.8 percentage points higher than unmodified HPEI) and remains above 60% even in 20 wt% CaCl 2 or MgCl 2 brines, highlighting exceptional resistance to divalent cations. Water contact angle on treated clay surfaces increases from 18.5° to 52.6°, confirming effective surface hydrophobization. This work provides a molecular-level gel-engineering strategy where pH governs electrostatic anchoring and temperature triggers reversible hydrophobic gelation, enabling on-demand switching of clay wettability and hydration resistance under high-temperature, high-salinity conditions.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 9.1
Yulong Sui,Chulei Zhao,Xuewen Qu,Rutong Yang,Hui Zhu
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) recently has attracted considerable attention in the field of capacitive deionization (CDI) due to its tunable electronic structure and low synthesis cost. However, the practical application of this material is severely hindered by a critical bottleneck of failure to balance the trade-off between desalination capacity and cycling stability. This bottleneck mainly stems from two key issues, namely insufficient exposed active sites and material corrosion induced by hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). In this work, atomically dispersed manganese-doped g-C 3 N 4 material (Mn/g-C 3 N 4 ) was successfully prepared. Mn/g-C 3 N 4 delivers an ultrahigh desalination capacity of 149.86 mg/g and maintains long-term stability with no significant capacity decay (>90%) after 150 cycles at an applied voltage of 1.2 V, which outperforms most g-C 3 N 4 -based materials. Ex-situ characterizations and electrochemical measurements confirm that isolated manganese sites not only act as high-density Na + trapping sites to enhance ion adsorption capacity, but also effectively suppresses H 2 O 2 formation by altering the ORR pathway, thus alleviating the anodic oxidative corrosion. The present work provides a novel perspective to construct CDI electrode of high capacity and stability with integration of desalination and ORR catalytic function.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 2.6
Xiaoxia Hu,Xin Yang,Chunhua Wang,Tiantian Tan,Xiaojie Liu,Xiaodan Liu
Biothiols, such as glutathione (GSH) and L-cysteine (L-Cys), were essential for maintaining human physiological homeostasis, and their abnormal levels are closely associated with various diseases. Herein, a composite nanoenzyme Co3O4/g-C3N4 with significantly enhanced peroxidase-like activity was successfully synthesized by combining ZIF-67-derived Co3O4 with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4). The 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) could be efficiently oxidized to blue TMB (oxTMB) by Co3O4/g-C3N4 in the presence of H2O2, while biothiols (GSH and L-Cys) inhibited this catalytic reaction due to their antioxidant properties, leading to a visible color fading. Based on the mechanism, a colorimetric detection method was established for quantitative analysis of GSH and L-Cys with linear ranges of 0~30 μM for GSH and 1~30 μM for L-Cys, respectively. Moverover, a convenient smartphone-assisted sensing platform was established for detection of GSH and L-Cys benefiting from the Co3O4/g-C3N4 based colorimetric strategy. These established methods had been applied to detect GSH and L-Cys in human urine, which showed great potential for self-health monitoring.
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Nanomaterials
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 8
·484
·
IF 4.8
Zhenyu Wang,Wei Yan,Yingcong Wei,Jing Xu,Yuee Xie,Yuanping Chen,Xiaohong Yan
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important green oxidant, and developing efficient visible-light-driven routes for its synthesis is highly desirable. Herein, a CN/ZnV-ZCS composite photocatalyst was constructed by coupling g-C3N4(CN) with Zn-vacancy-containing ZnCdS (ZnV-ZCS) for photocatalytic H2O2production. The optimized CN/ZnV-10 delivered 44.58 mmol g−1H2O2within 60 min under 425 nm LED irradiation, outperforming pristine CN, ZCS, ZnV-ZCS, and vacancy-free CN/ZCS, with good cycling stability. Trapping and EPR results identify O2as the key electron acceptor and ·O2−as an important intermediate. Structural characterization and XPS results indicate successful Zn-vacancy introduction, intimate heterointerface formation, and interfacial electron redistribution. Combined VB-XPS, photoelectrochemical, and reactive-species analyses suggest that Zn vacancies are favorable for O2adsorption/activation, whereas the CN/ZnV-ZCS heterointerface promotes charge separation and migration. Based on the available evidence, a Z-scheme interfacial charge-transfer pathway is established in the CN/ZnV-ZCS system.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Wei Huang,Yuqi Wang,Quan Yuan,Yiran Hu,Chunmei Wang,Xiaomin Dou,Jun Liu
Addressing water scarcity and pollution in underdeveloped regions requires safe water production from inferior sources. Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) coupled with photocatalysis offers great potential for this challenge. Herein, a dual-functional composite (BTG@MS) was fabricated by immobilizing oxygen vacancy- and Ti(III)-rich black TiO 2 /defective g-C 3 N 4 (BTG) on melamine sponge (MS) hydrogel. The composite broadens light absorption to 300–1200 nm (80.7% average absorption efficiency) and forms a type-II heterojunction, facilitating charge separation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Benefiting from MS’s hierarchical water transport pathways and BTG’s enhanced solar utilization, BTG@MS exhibits outstanding dual performance under one-sun illumination (1 kW/m 2 ), an evaporation rate of 1.26 kg/(m 2 ·h) (74.3% photothermal efficiency) and 84.5% tylosin (TYL) degradation efficiency. It also shows salt tolerance and effectiveness in purifying four types of water sources, producing clean water meeting WHO standards. This work presents an innovative strategy integrating photothermal evaporation and photocatalysis, promising practical application in tackling the water crisis in underdeveloped regions.
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POLYMER COMPOSITES
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Shikun Zhao,Kai Xu,Tao Cai,Shuo Lou,Peng Kang,Qi Xin,Hang Zhao,Dali Gao
Achieving optimal fiber impregnation and robust interfacial adhesion is critical for long glass fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 (LGF-PA6) composites. In this study, a high-flow branched PA6 resin was synthesized to enhance impregnation efficiency. A multi-scale interfacial architecture was subsequently engineered using APTES-functionalized fibers and POE-g-MAH compatibilizer. Investigations revealed that loading POE-g-MAH established a robust organic–inorganic interface via covalent and hydrogen bonds dual-mode bonding. Nanomechanical mapping confirmed the formation of a gradient interfacial transition zone of 449 nm, which effectively induced crystallization and refined the crystalline morphology. Consequently, the 30 wt% LGF-PA6 composites achieved peak performance, featuring a tensile strength of 185 MPa and exceptional impact resistance at −40°C, alongside enhanced surface scratch resistance. These findings demonstrate that precise multi-scale interfacial tuning, spanning molecular-level bonding, interphase nanomechanics, and crystalline architecture, represents a pivotal strategy for the design of advanced structural composites targeting lightweight engineering applications. Highlights A high-flow PA6 was developed for efficient impregnation of glass fibers. Multi-scale regulation affects H-bonding, crystallinity, and mechanics. LGF-PA6 shows high strength, impact, and scratch resistance and low fiber float. Structure–interface–property link established across molecular to macro scales.
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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
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2026
·
IF 4.9
Yanling Hu,Yanshu Chen,Ruitong Li,Ximan Wang,Sigen A,Yunfeng Wu,Dehui Bian,Siqi Bao
Constructed an S-scheme g-C 3 N 4 /Ce-MgAl-LDH heterojunction via hydrothermal method. • Achieved complete TC-HCl degradation in 20 min under visible light with H 2 O 2 synergy. • Identified superoxide radicals as dominant species and proposed three degradation pathways. • Revealed enhanced charge separation via Ce doping and S-scheme interfacial transfer. • Demonstrated 85.3% stability after five cycles with reduced ecotoxicity of intermediates. Antibiotic contamination, especially by tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl), presents significant environmental and health challenges. In this study, a 3D flower-like g-C 3 N 4 /Ce-MgAl-LDH composite was synthesized for effective TC-HCl degradation. In situ XPS and DFT calculations confirmed that the formed S-scheme heterojunction enhances charge separation while maintaining strong redox capabilities. Response surface methodology (RSM) identified pH as the key factor influencing degradation efficiency. Under optimized conditions, the catalyst achieved complete TC-HCl removal within 20 min and a mineralization efficiency of 39.8% based on TOC analysis. Quenching experiments and EPR spectroscopy revealed superoxide radicals (·O 2 - ) as the primary reactive species. The composite also demonstrated excellent environmental adaptability, broad-spectrum activity, and cyclic stability, retaining 85.3% of its activity after five successive cycles. This work combines an advanced S-scheme photocatalyst design with RSM-guided optimization, offering a practical strategy for antibiotic wastewater treatment. Mechanism diagram of TC-HCl degradation in the CN/LDH-15%/H 2 O 2 /Vis system Download: Download high-res image (190KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Naseer Ahmad,Muhammad Jamshed,Mansoor Ahmad,Neha,Bei Wang,Siew Ling Lee,Wei Sun
CoO/g-C 3 N 4 shows marginal improvement in PLA microplastic degradation. • CoO modification narrows the distribution of low-molecular-weight oxygenated products. • A lactate/lactic-acid-type product is tentatively identified as a key intermediate. • O 2 • ˉ is confirmed as the dominant reactive species during photocatalysis. Polylactic acid (PLA) microplastic endures in the environment despite the biodegradable nature of PLA, requiring effective methods for conversion under mild conditions. In this work, a CoO/g-C 3 N 4 composite was synthesized by a wet impregnation-calcination method and evaluated for UV-driven photocatalytic conversion of PLA microplastics. A loading-screening study identified the nominal 0.53 wt% CoO/g-C 3 N 4 composite as the best-performing composition among the tested loadings, and ICP analysis confirmed an elemental Co content of 0.4170 wt%, close to the theoretical value of 0.4168 wt%. Replicated photocatalytic tests showed apparent conversions of 14.50 ± 0.06%, 56.07 ± 0.72%, 65.46 ± 0.27%, and 69.68 ± 0.65%, after 100 min for UV only, CoO, g-C 3 N 4 , and CoO/g-C 3 N 4 , respectively. The corresponding apparent pseudo-first-order rate constant for CoO/g-C 3 N 4 was 0.01153 ± 0.00021 min −1 . The recyclability experiment showed that the catalyst retained 92.02% of its initial apparent conversion after four cycles, and ICP-MS analysis of the final-cycle filtrate showed a trace Co concentration of 0.083 μg/L. Radical-trapping and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis suggested that O 2 • ˉ was the dominant reactive species, whereas • OH and h + provided secondary contributions. Product analysis by total organic carbon, high-performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry suggested that CoO/g-C 3 N 4 composite promoted a narrower distribution of low-molecular-weight oxygenated products compared with pristine g-C 3 N 4 . Additional LC/MS analysis using an authentic lactic acid standard and a lactic acid-spiked PLA sample supported the assignment of the m / z 89.02 product signal to lactic-acid/lactate-type species. These results indicate that CoO modification influences both the apparent conversion and the product distribution during UV-driven photocatalytic PLA transformation. Download: Download high-res image (156KB) Download: Download full-size image
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2025
·Vol. 192
·期 11
·1-10
·
IF 5.3
Chen Zixuan,Ma Shuhui,Wang Chujun,Liu Jie,Yang Xiaoyan
Monitoring of the amyloid-beta (A β ) peptide is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Here, a label-free, signal-on ratiometric electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor was fabricated for the detection of A β peptide. Specifically, graphite-like carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) nanosheets and luminol served as the cathodic and anodic ECL emitters, respectively. K 2 S 2 O 8 and H 2 O 2 were used as the coreactants for the two emitters. Luminol was first coated on the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and used as the internal standard in the ratiometric biosensor. Polyaniline was then electrodeposited on the surface of the luminol-modified electrode to improve the biocompatibility and conductivity of the sensing interfaces. Gold nanoparticles were subsequently modified on the surface of polyaniline to immobilize a DNA aptamer. g-C 3 N 4 -heme incubated with different concentrations of A β solution to form g-C 3 N 4 -heme-A β complex, in which A β could specifically bind to the DNA aptamer and thus introduce g-C 3 N 4 into the system. As a result, it was observed that the ratio value of ECL intensity ( I 1 / I 2 ) significantly increased with the increase of A β concentration. Under the optimized conditions, the biosensor has a good linear response in the range 10 fM to 10 nM with a detection limit of 4.2 fM. Consequently, the ratiometric ECL sensor, characterized by high sensitivity and favorable stability, offers a reliable method for the determination of A β . Graphical
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