INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Qi Xin,Huiwen Li,Wan Sun,Xuezhi Li,Xianqin Lu,Jian Zhao
Lignin, as an amorphous three-dimensional aromatic polymer, was able to self-assemble into lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) to realize valorization of lignin. Here, lignin-xylan extractives were extracted from grape seed (GS) and poplar by acidic THF at room temperature, and effectively produced lignin-xylan nanospheres via spin evaporation. The morphology and chemical properties of nanospheres were determined by its natural origins, consequently influencing its application. For the lignin-xylan extractive from grape seed, the lignin was composed of guaiacyl (G) and p -hydroxylphenyl (H) units and the hollowed nanospheres (GS-LNPs) with 362.72 nm diameter was produced. The extractive from poplar was composed of G-syringyl (S) typed lignin (80.30 %) and xylan (12.33 %), that can assemble into LNPs with smaller size (229.87 nm), better PDI (0.1), and light color. The hybrid particles showed the qualities of lignin and xylan, that properties led to the LNPs@PVA composite films with UV-blocking capability, strong mechanical strength and hydrophobicity, and transparency ability of visible light. P-LNPs showed better performance as the film additives, due to its lower particles size and high content of unconjugated -OH from xylan. Xylan was significant in the composite films, and lowering the xylan content resulted in the decrease of the composite film's mechanical properties and hydrophobicity.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Zichun Lu,Lingke Liu,Runtian Miao,Ning Zhang,Minjuan Gao,Xingyu Fan,Yueqin Li
The ultrafast preparation of electrically conductive hydrogels to endow high sensing performance and temperature tolerance remains a critical challenge. Herein, lignosulfonate sodium-templated polypyrrole (LS-PPy) nanofillers were rapidly introduced into polyacrylic acid (PAA) hydrogel through ultrafast free radical polymerization in a glycerol/water binary solvent system. The resultant LS-PPy/PAA electrically conductive organohydrogel possesses satisfactory mechanical performance (strength of 56 kPa at a tensile strain of 800 %), strong adhesion, and a desirable low freezing point (−35 °C). Furthermore, this organohydrogel exhibits high strain sensitivity (gauge factor = 2.65), fast response time (∼160 ms), low signal hysteresis, and excellent cyclic stability (over 1200 cycles). And the wearable LS-PPy/PAA organohydrogel sensor could accurately and real-time monitor various intense or subtle human movements, such as joint bending, facial expression and hand writing. Besides, the developed LS-PPy/PAA temperature sensor can respond to environmental temperature variations over a wide range of −20–100 °C. High resolution of 0.5 °C with remarkable sensitivity (−0.80 %/°C and linearity of R 2 = 0.99) and repeatability were achieved within 36.5–40 °C, which makes it suitable for human body temperature monitoring. All these results demonstrate the substantial prospective value of the LS-PPy/PAA hydrogel in wearable sensors and other associated fields.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2025
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IF 9.7
Xinyu Cheng,Tianqi Li,Chi Zhang,Qing Zhang,Shaoning Wang,Enqing Zhu,Lili Zhang,Zhiguo Wang
The mechanical flexibility and high conductivity of hydrogel electrolytes are crucial for their application in supercapacitors. In this study, we developed hydrogel electrolyte based on lignocellulose nanofibers (LCNFs) through nanofibrillation and self-catalytic gelation in a glycerinum/choline chloride/aluminum chloride hexahydrate (Gly/ChCl/AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O) metal-based neutral deep eutectic solvent (DES) system. The lignin-Al 3+ self-catalytic mechanism offered an eco-friendly and sustainable method for synthesizing hydrogel electrolytes, while enhancing their ionic conductivity. The high aspect ratio of LCNFs significantly improved the mechanical strength of the hydrogel electrolyte by facilitating the intertwining of LCNFs with acrylamide molecules. The resulting hydrogel electrolyte demonstrated exceptional mechanical strength (485 kPa), high ionic conductivity (26.1 ms/cm), strong adhesion (225 kPa), and excellent environmental stability (up to −80 °C). A supercapacitor assembled with this hydrogel showed a remarkable specific capacitance (200 F/g) and exhibited high sensitivity in electrical signal applications. This work demonstrates the transformation of wood fiber into functional lignocellulose-based materials, highlighting the high-value utilization of lignocellulose resources for energy storage and other applications.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2024
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IF 5.6
Xuanhao Huang,Xinyi Guo,Yao Meng,Shaobo Lou,Xinxing Wu,Yan Zhang,Renzhong Wei,Shuaibo Han,Fangli Sun,Hui Wang
Bamboo, which has excellent physical properties and environmental credentials, is widely used in the construction industry and furniture manufacturing. Bamboo is, however, susceptible to attack by molds and bacteria; protection by natural phenolic antimicrobial agents would be a green and environmentally friendly solution to this problem. The application of such protection has, so far, been hampered by poor stability and ease of volatilization of the antimicrobial agent. Here, an innovative strategy that uses the catalytic action of the laccase to chemically attach a natural antimicrobial agent, eugenol (EU), to bamboo, is described. This modification endows bamboo with both long-lasting and extensive mold resistance and antibacterial activity. Laccase-catalyzed covalent bonding of EU to bamboo reduces the volatilization rate of the EU from 1.72 % to 0.29 %. The outstanding mold resistance and antimicrobial activity of bamboo treated using this modified process is retained during a 50-day mold resistance test, with mold growth inhibited by as much as 87.5 %. The treated bamboo is also able to inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The antimicrobial mechanism results shown that the bamboo lignin is the primary reaction site during laccase-catalyzed EU modification of bamboo, and the long-term mold resistance derived from modified lignin. Furthermore, we analyzed bacterial morphology through SEM, and the results demonstrated that modified enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) significantly disrupts bacterial morphology, including membrane invagination and collapse. This study provides a new direction for the green development of mold- and bacteria-resistant bamboo, which has potential for use in a wide range of application.
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EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
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2024
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IF 5.8
Ling Zheng,Farzad Seidi,Hongmiao Wu,Yang Huang,WeiBing Wu,Huining Xiao
Fungicides are among the most essential agrochemicals for controlling crop diseases. However, the increased consumption of fungicides has resulted in environmental pollution and adversely affected human health. The slow-release technology can improve the efficacy and reduce the required amount of fungicide. Here, we developed a low-swelling redox-responsive alginate/lignin network bearing covalently conjugated fungicide thymol-Cl. Natural reductants in the environment caused the selective cleavage of disulfide bonds and release of thymol-Cl and thiazolidin-2-one (a by-product), which both could inhibit the phytopathogenic fungus ( F. oxysporum ). At the same time, metal chelating groups in the gel endow strong interactions with heavy metal ions for improving soil remediation and preventing the adsorption of toxic metals by the plant roots. The fungicide-loaded carrier could alleviate the poisonous effect of fungi on maize seeds. Indeed, the secretion of natural reducing agents by fungi and maize led to the cleavage of disulfide bonds and the release of fungicides.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Yuqing Liao,Wuxia Ge,Min Liu,Wentao Bi,Can Jin,David Da Yong Chen
In this study, a simple and eco-friendly method was used to treat alkaline lignin with an acidic deep eutectic solvent (DES) to obtain regenerated lignin for the efficient adsorption of pollutant dyes from aqueous environment. Based on the yield and adsorption capacity of the sorbent for these dyes, conditions such as the type and concentration of DES component, solid-to-liquid ratio, reaction time, and temperature were optimized. By characterizing and comparing alkali lignin with regenerated lignin, a series of reactions were demonstrated to occur during the DES treatment process. The performance and mechanism of methylene blue and rhodamine B adsorption on regenerated lignin were studied systematically, and the maximum adsorbed amounts were 348.29 and 551.05 mg/g at 323 K, respectively. This study provides a new strategy for the green preparation of functionalized lignin and its use in the water pollutant treatment.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Yanqian Gong,Shiyu Li,Yumeng Hu,Guanhong Jin,Hui Zhou,Loong-Tak Lim,Qian Xiao
This study explored a facile method for converting macadamia nutshells into bio-based nanomaterials, including cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and lignin nanoparticles (LNPs), through deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment coupled with a nanofabrication strategy. Comparisons of the physicochemical, morphological, and structural properties of the CNF and LNPs produced through acidic choline chloride/oxalic acid dihydrate (ACDES) and alkaline K 2 CO 3 /glycerol DES (ALDES) pretreatments were conducted using SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA, GPC and 2D NMR. The CNFs obtained from ACDES pretreatment (ACCNFs) exhibited uniform and long filament-like structures with shorter whisker-like nanocrystals. Conversely, the CNFs produced with the ALDES pretreatment (ALCNFs) displayed irregular aggregates and nanofibril bundles. Additionally, the ACCNFs demonstrated higher crystallinity and contained small amounts of the oxalate half-ester compare to ALCNFs. During ACDES pretreatment, a large proportion of β-O-4, β-5, and β-β linkages in lignin disrupted and re-condensed to form lignin substructures, resulting in the assembly of cluster-like lignin nanoparticles pretreated with ACDES (ACLNP) aggregates. In contrast, lignin nanoparticles pretreated with ALDES (ALLNP) exhibited uniform nanospherical shapes because of the preservation of β linkages in lignin during the ALDES pretreatment. This work not only broadens the fabrication strategies for CNF and LNPs but also offered a promising approach for the valorization of lignocellulosic agricultural wastes.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2024
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IF 5.6
Xiaoqing Du,Yufan Zhou,Qiqi Zhou,Qi Chen,Qidi Zhang,Wangjie Xu,Yulin Zhan,Man Jiang
The efficient and structure-protective isolation of the main components of lignocellulosic biomass remains challenging for value-added utilization. In this study, we used corn straw waste, a vast yet underexplored biomass from agricultural residues, as the raw material to extract high-purity cellulose nanosheets and recycle the lignin components as well-defined lignin nanotubes (LNTs) in a tandem process. The process consisted of a feasible dilute alkali-assisted wet ball milling treatment of steam-exploded corn straw into high-purity cellulose nanosheets and a lignin solution, which was further transferred into LNTs by a molecular assembly method. Purity, morphology, chemical structure, and thermal behavior of high-purity cellulose nanosheets and LNTs were examined. The 98.9 wt% purity of the high-purity cellulose nanosheets was achieved with a crystallinity of 36.9 %, providing a solid foundation for further chemical modification. The LNTs exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity, opening new avenues for the development of lignin-based functional materials and fundamental research.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Xu Dong,Jin Shang,Tianyuan Xiao,Rui Song,Xueru Sheng,Na Li,Jian Zhang,Qingwei Ping
Given the environmental concerns related to the non-degradability of conventional petroleum-based polymer films , the synthesis of biodegradable films utilizing natural polymers derived from biomass has emerged as a promising alternative, garnering significant attention in recent research endeavors. This research introduced an environmentally friendly and efficient method, utilizing extract liquid from the green ethanol pulping process as the solvent to completely dissolve carboxymethylcellulose into the film-forming liquid, and employing the solution pouring technique to successfully fabricate bamboo ethanol lignin/carboxymethylcellulose films (LCF). The findings revealed that the lignin content significantly influenced the LCF, endowing them with tunable mechanical properties, effective UV-blocking, and thermal insulation capabilities. With a lignin addition of 3.75 %, LCF-3.75 exhibited enhanced mechanical properties, characterized by a tensile strength of 19.4 MPa, along with superior UV-blocking efficiency, blocking 100 % of UVB and 99.81 % of UVA rays. Furthermore, relative to LCF-0, LCF-3.75 had been shown to possess enhanced hydrophobicity and thermal stability, culminating in the development of the composite films that showcased exceptional thermal insulation properties and biodegradability. The films not only harbored extensive application prospects as an anti-ultraviolet and heat-insulating glass films but also represented a potential avenue for the efficient utilization of lignin, thereby contributing to sustainable development.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2024
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IF 5.6
Mengqing Zhou,Xialin Ji,Changzhou Chen,Liangliang Zhang,Jianchun Jiang
Through the utilization of diverse technological processes, lignin could be transformed into a multitude of valuable chemicals and fuels. This transformation not only reduces our dependence on fossil energy but also fosters the promotion of environmental sustainability. In this study, Ce metal was incorporated into the zeolite imidazolium framework-67 (ZIF-67) using the impregnation method to prepare a series of bimetallic catalysts . Using isopropanol solvent as the hydrogen source, guaiacol was effectively converted to cyclohexanol with over 80.0% selectivity over the optimum catalyst at 240 °C, 1.5 MPa N 2 , for 4 hours. The prepared catalysts were subjected to characterization methods such as BET, SEM, XPS , TEM , XRD , H 2 -TPR and NH 3 -TPD. The results of the characterization show that the addition of Ce changed the zeolitic imidazolium ester backbone structure of ZIF-67 and encouraged the emergence of more oxygen vacancies , which strengthened the catalyst hydrodeoxygenation activity and reducibility . Based on the findings of the catalytic performance tests and a retesting, the reaction pathway of the guaiacol hydrodeoxygenation process was suggested.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Weidong Li,Haichao Li,Lin Luo,Sen Ma,Renjie Huang,Zheng Li,Lu Lin,Xianhai Zeng
The precise fractionation of hemicellulose from lignocellulosic biomass remains a challenging task, complicated by the incorporation of lignin into the reaction liquor due to cleavage of β O 4 bonds, especially via a green strategy. The bifunctional 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HA), a renewable plant phenolic acid, achieved selective and efficient separation of bamboo hemicellulose. Compared to conventional p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TsOH) treatment, the separation yield of hemicellulose via 4-HA was up to 93.83 % while retaining ∼98 % of cellulose and ∼91 % of lignin in residual bamboo. The nucleophilic reaction of phenolic hydroxyls stabilized β O 4 bonds and prevented lignin degradation, ensuring that carboxyl groups in 4-HA selectively cleaved glycosidic bonds. That was proven by more β O 4 bonds (25.56/ 100 C 9 ), aliphatic hydroxyl groups (1.53 mmol·g −1 ), and fewer condensed structures in resultant bamboo lignin. This study provided a novel green strategy for the highly- selective and efficient separation of hemicellulose from lignocellulosic biomass preserving lignin structural integrity.
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ChemSusChem
·
2024
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IF 7.5
Wenliang Wang,Yishuai Fu,Yutong Chen,Hui Miao,Hui Zheng,Jiawen Pan,Ziwei Wang,Yuchen Liu,Weikun Jiang
Graphical Formic acid (HCOOH) is in favor of the cleavage of C−O bonds and partial C−C bonds of kraft lignin in the depolymerization system. Strategy A of HCOOH as pretreatment solvent shows excellent monophenols enrichment (193.71 mg/g, lignin basis). Strategy B of HCOOH as reforming solvent vapor presents high catechol and homovanillic acid (HVA) selectivity (60.17 mg/g, lignin basis). Different forms of HCOOH in the depolymerization system play an important role in governing the monomeric products from lignin. We reported two strategies for the introduction of HCOOH to enrich the monophenols from kraft lignin by microwave-assisted depolymerization. The reaction of lignin models showed that HCOOH was in favor of the cleavage of C−O bonds ( β -O-4 typically) and partial C−C bonds (C α −C β ). Subsequently, Microwave-assisted depolymerization of lignin with two strategies was conducted via a designed dynamic vapor flow reaction system. Strategy A with HCOOH as pretreatment solvent showed excellent monophenols enrichment with total mass yields of 193.71 mg/g (lignin basis). Strategy B using HCOOH as reforming solvent vapor significantly increased the monophenols selectivity. It presented unique reforming and upgrading performance by generating catechol (42.59 mg/g, lignin basis) and homovanillic acid (17.58 mg/g, lignin basis). This study provided potential strategies for the efficient conversion of kraft lignin into high-value platform chemicals.
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