INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2026
·Vol. 65
·期 31
·16632-16643
·
IF 3.9
Huang Heng,Yin ChunYu,Xia Tao,Zhou Yebin,Wan Dongchuang,Zhu Xiaofeng,Jiang Kaijun,Hu Rongrui,Xiang Zhenli,Ma Chaofan,Li Xiaonian,Lu Chunshan
Chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) hydrodechlorination
is hindered by chlorine poisoning and the instability of monometallic
catalysts, limiting their practical application. In this work, long-range
ordered PdCu intermetallic compounds were synthesized via a microwave-assisted
method. Characterization confirmed that microwave treatment induced
strong Pd–Cu electronic interactions and lattice ordering,
thereby facilitating the formation of intermetallic phases. Catalytic
evaluations demonstrated that the PdCu/C-Ordered catalyst achieved
an ethane production rate of 4.47 mmol·g cat –1 ·h –1 at 300 ° C with an apparent activation
energy of 31.28 kJ/mol, while maintaining exceptional stability over
a 300 h continuous operation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations
further elucidated that the intermetallic phase, characterized by
a d-band center positioned closer to the Fermi level, exhibited enhanced
reactant adsorption and activation capabilities. Concurrently, it
significantly lowered the HCl desorption energy barrier, thereby effectively
mitigating chlorine poisoning effects. This research provides a novel
pathway for the design of high-efficiency hydrodechlorination catalysts
based on the precise regulation of electronic structures.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Zhixiao Wang,Qun Li,Tao Yang,Qiuye Liu,Kang Wang,Enhui Wang,Yanglong Hou,Xinmei Hou
Triple-layered C@SiC@SiO 2 microspheres were successfully fabricated. • Superb RL of −62.95 dB and 3.05 GHz bandwidth are achieved at thinness. • Gradient impedance structure boosts wave penetration and attenuation. Gradient structural engineering holds great promise in boosting microwave absorption capability by realizing smooth impedance matching and manipulating electromagnetic wave transportation within materials. Herein, well-defined triple-layered C@SiC@SiO 2 microspheres with a dielectric gradient architecture are rationally constructed via hydrothermal self-assembly followed by carbothermal reduction. By delicately regulating the composition ratio of C/SiC/SiO 2 , the optimized absorber achieves outstanding room-temperature microwave absorption properties: a minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −62.95 dB at a thin thickness of 1.73 mm, and a broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB max) of 3.05 GHz (RL < −10 dB) at merely 1.68 mm, which covers the most of the X-band. The excellent absorption performance is synergistically contributed by the significantly optimized impedance matching originating from the three-layer dielectric gradient architecture, abundant heterogeneous interfaces inducing intense interfacial polarization, as well as rich dipoles favoring strong dipole polarization. Moreover, the gradient structure also promotes multiple scattering and reflection of electromagnetic waves, further enhancing energy attenuation. This work not only develops a high-performance microwave absorber but also offers a feasible strategy for designing gradient heterostructures toward advanced electromagnetic wave absorption applications. Download: Download high-res image (130KB) Download: Download full-size image
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DESALINATION
·
2026
·
IF 9.9
Shen Zhang,Wencai Cheng,Junwen Tan,Benyao Yu,Tianjun Li,Congcong Ding,Xirui Lu,Jun Wen,Hao Li
A process for efficient enrichment of uranium from seawater on fiber was designed. • Seawater uranium extraction fiber after real sea trial was used in the study. • Seawater uranium extraction fiber after repeated use was treated by microwave pyrolysis. • The uranium in the solution was concentrated and purified by ion exchange method. • Lay the foundation for the closed loop of seawater uranium extraction project Developing an efficient process suitable for the treatment of amidoxime-functionalized fibers after multi-cycles using and the enrichment of uranium is crucial for the closed-loop of uranium extraction from seawater. The enrichment process is divided into four major steps, which are microwave pyrolysis, acid leaching of uranium-containing ash, ion exchange and chemical precipitation. A total of 9.14 g of uranium-containing ash was obtained by microwave pyrolysis of 100 g of fiber at 800 °C. Uranium in uranium-containing ash exists in the form of uranium oxide dominated by UO 3 . Then, the uranium-containing ash after pyrolysis was leached with 1 M sulfuric acid solution, and 97.12% uranium could be leached. Through high resolution mass spectrometry and simulation calculation, it was found that uranium in the leaching solution mainly existed in the form of [UO 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ] 4− anionic complex. D201 resin was used to exchange the uranium in the acid leaching solution. The enrichment efficiency of uranium was 98.22%, and the distribution ratio of uranium was about 55.07. Finally, ammonia was used to precipitate uranium, and the precipitation efficiency was 99.43%, and 346.51 mg of uranium compound was obtained. The uranium enrichment efficiency of the whole process is about 94.86%. The mass fraction of uranium in the uranium compound was about 28.3%. It exists in the form of hexavalent uranium oxide. This study contributes to the realization of closed-loop and industrialization in the field of seawater uranium extraction. Download: Download high-res image (266KB) Download: Download full-size image
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2026
·
IF 8.3
Ziqiang Liu,Fujian Tang,Yufang He,Jie Huang
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a highly flammable fuel widely used for cooking, heating and transportation, making real-time leak detection essential for preventing fire, explosion, and suffocation hazards. In this study, a room-temperature no-core fiber (NCF) sensor coated with CoFe 1.96 La 0.04 O 4 /LaFeO 3 heterostructures was developed for LPG detection. The heterostructures were characterized using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, XPS, PL spectroscopy, and UV–vis spectroscopy. Experimental results showed that La incorporation and heterostructure formation refined the particles size, improved surface accessibility, and modulated the electronic structure and band gap, thereby enhancing LPG adsorption, carrier redistribution, and the refractive-index response of the sensing film. Among the investigated compositions, the 1:1 CoFe 1.96 La 0.04 O 4 /LaFeO 3 heterostructure exhibited the best performance, achieving a sensitivity of −2.87 pm/ppm, a response/recovery time of 36/69 s, and a limit of detection of 39.7 ppm, together with excellent selectivity and stability. The effects of temperature and relative humidity were also quantified and compensated to improve detection accuracy. These results demonstrate that the proposed sensor is a promising, low-cost platform for LPG leak detection in domestic and industrial applications.
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JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Yuan Liu,Jialong Chen,Zhenjie Sun,Chen Yang,Yuhao Bao,Shiliang Wu,Feiqiang Guo
Selective production of ketone-rich bio-oil from biomass pyrolysis vapors remains challenging because catalyst acidity/basicity, redox properties, and defect chemistry must be precisely balanced. In this work, a series of CaO–CeO 2 composite oxides with a Ca/(Ca+Ce) molar ratio of 0.3 were synthesized by co-precipitation and calcined at different temperatures for the ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis of corn stover holocellulose. Catalytic performance was evaluated by Py-GC/MS and a two-stage fixed-bed reactor, while the catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, XPS, TEM, and EDS. The results showed that calcination temperature significantly affected crystallite size, surface area, and defect density, thereby governing ketone selectivity. Among the catalysts, Ca 0.3 Ce 0.7 O 2-δ -600 exhibited the highest ketone content of 47.50% in Py-GC/MS, which was associated with its small crystallite size (15.7 nm), relatively high specific surface area (40.59 m 2 /g), and abundant surface oxygen vacancies. In fixed-bed experiments, lowering the catalytic-bed temperature from 600 to 450 °C reduced the gas yield from 62.00% to 51.63% and increased the liquid yield from 19.56% to 29.76%. Meanwhile, the relative ketone content in bio-oil reached a maximum of 33.19%, while the acid fraction decreased to 4.6%. After three consecutive cycles, the catalyst still maintained high ketone contents, and regeneration restored more than 95% of the initial performance. These results demonstrate that defect-engineered Ca–Ce composite oxides are effective and stable catalysts for producing ketone-rich bio-oil under relatively mild catalytic conditions.
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Food Frontiers
·
2026
·Vol. 7
·期 4
·e70315
·
IF 6.3
Hui Yan,Cheng-Xi Feng,Zhe Wang,Jun-Qiao Wang,Shao-Ping Nie
Structural characterization of complex carbohydrates remains challenging. This study employed methylation, acid hydrolysis, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) derivatization, and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) to determine monosaccharides, glycosidic linkages, and sequence of polysaccharides. Combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), the structure of two fractions (GEP-60 and GEP-60S) obtained from Gastrodia elata Blume was characterized. Both fractions contained mainly glucose, and GEP-60 was homogeneous polysaccharide (25.5 kDa), while GEP-60S was mixture of lower molecular weight (DP ≤ 24) fractions. Their primary glycosidic linkage was →4)-α-Glc p -(1→, with respective percentages of 78.41 ± 2.18% and 79.72 ± 1.98%. Sequence analysis identified both contained [→4)Glc(1→] 4 , [→4)Glc(1→] 5 , and [→4)Glc(1→] 6 . NMR confirmed that both polysaccharides possessed main chain composed of →4)-α-Glcp-(1→ and substituted with α-Glcp-(1→ branches. Taken mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy results together, polysaccharides in G. elata Blume were α-1,4-glucan with different molecular weight containing branches substituted at C-6, with occasional substitution also observed at the C-2 and C-3. These findings provided comprehensive structural insights into G. elata Blume polysaccharides and validated feasibility of UPLC–MS/MS as an alternative strategy for analyzing plant polysaccharides.
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COLLOID AND POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 2.9
Jia Wendong,Zhao Zhongcong,Dong Guofeng,Liu Xuefen,Zhou Pengcheng,Chen Lifeng,Xu Depei,Li Hairui,Sun Xiaohui,Zhou Xuge,Han Jinguang
To overcome physical blending limitations in polymer fracturing fluid thickeners, this study proposes a chemical cross-linking strategy based on the Schiff base condensation reaction. The base thickener (WPAM) was synthesized via inverse emulsion polymerization, while dialdehyde-modified cellulose nanofibers (QCNF) were prepared by modifying pristine cellulose nanofibers (CNF). A novel nano-organic composite thickener was subsequently fabricated via chemical cross-linking of WPAM and QCNF. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) verified the successful modification of QCNF and its integration into a dense, cross-linked multi-network with WPAM. Rheological evaluations demonstrated that a 1.4 wt% composite solution maintained a viscosity of 53 mPa·s in high-salinity brine (85,000 mg/L). Under a shear rate of 170 s⁻¹ in 8,850 mg/L brine, the fluid exhibited robust shear resistance, retaining viscosities of 56.55 mPa·s and 50.96 mPa·s at 120 °C and 140 °C, respectively. Furthermore, 0.2–0.4 wt% solutions achieved drag reduction rates exceeding 70%. The fluid also demonstrated superior proppant suspension capabilities; the static settling rate was less than 10% after 120 min, and dynamic simulations confirmed efficient proppant transport. Gel breaking tests revealed that adding 0.03 wt% ammonium persulfate at 90 °C reduced the fluid viscosity to 1.88 mPa·s within 2 h. Subsequent core displacement tests indicated minimal permeability damage (12.41%) from the broken fluid. This study offers a promising pathway for developing high-performance thickeners for high-temperature, high-salinity fracturing fluids, demonstrating significant application potential in deep oil and gas reservoir stimulation.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 8
·571
·
IF 5.4
Sun Juan,Nie Zheng,Wu Fangjun,Lai Fujie,Chen Shaoyang,Wang Yang,Jiang Yong
A highly sensitive fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) was developed for SARS‑CoV‑2 IgG detection. Polystyrene (PS) microspheres were synthesized via emulsion polymerization, doped with dipyridamole (Dip), and coated with a protective silica (SiO 2 ) shell through a sol–gel process. After amine functionalization, the SARS‑CoV‑2 nucleocapsid (N) protein was covalently immobilized onto the microsphere surface using EDC/NHS chemistry, yielding PS@Dip@SiO 2 –N fluorescent probes. The LFIA strip enabled one‑step detection within 15 min. Under optimized conditions (N protein conjugation concentration of 40 µg/mL), the strip showed excellent specificity with no cross‑reactivity against other human coronaviruses (NL63, OC43, 229E). Quantitative determination based on the T/C grayscale ratio fitted the Hill equation (R² = 0.9782). The detection limit for SARS‑CoV‑2 IgG was 10 ng/mL, approximately two orders of magnitude lower than that of a commercial colloidal gold‑based LFIA strip. This platform provides a rapid, sensitive, and low‑cost solution for point‑of‑care serological screening of COVID‑19. Graphical abstract
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Liu Chuyang,Feng Yan,Xiang Xueyu,Zhang Yujing,Liu Er,Shao Yanyan,Ying Pan,Kim Dong-Hyun,Ji Guangbin
Electromagnetic pollution and radiation now extend to encompass millimeter waves, while the development of broadband millimeter-wave absorbers remains significantly hindered by lacking efficient loss mechanisms. High-entropy M-type ferrites are promising due to their excellent magnetic resonance and dielectric polarization, yet precise electromagnetic parameter regulation remains challenging because intermediate-phase impurities persist from insufficient configurational entropy. Herein, we propose an iron-deficient strategy to synthesize the single-phase Zr 4+ -doped high-entropy M-type ferrites. It is found that iron deficiency eliminates impurities by enhancing entropy and provides a more adaptable local structure. The synergistic effect of high entropy and iron deficiency amplifies the dielectric loss capacity, while Zr 4+ doping broadens the magnetic loss range by modulating natural resonance. This yields an ultra-broad absorption bandwidth of 12.18 GHz and ultra-thin matching thickness below 1 mm within the millimeter-wave atmospheric window around 35 GHz, offering insights for absorbers against electromagnetic pollution and radar stealth.
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Small
·
2026
·
IF 11.8
Qian Ning,Chengcheng He,Xiaolin Xue,Yan Zhang,Longqing Zhang,Yuhong Liang,Yang Ren,Jing Xu,Xucai Yin
The two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e − ORR) provides a sustainable route for green hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) synthesis, but the development of p -block metal catalysts that combine high activity with long-term stability remains challenging. Herein, we propose a hierarchical core-shell catalyst, SiO 2 @C/Sn. Mesoporous silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) serves as a rigid confinement scaffold to effectively suppress the migration and aggregation of Sn nanoparticles. Simultaneously, a conductive carbon layer was in-situ formed on the SiO 2 surface, markedly enhancing interfacial charge transport. Importantly, the interfacial electronic structure of the Sn nanoparticles is moderately tuned by the combined effect of SiO 2 confinement and the continuous electronic interface provided by the carbon layer, thereby maintaining an optimal adsorption-desorption balance for the *OOH intermediate and significantly improving selectivity toward the 2e − pathway. SiO 2 @C/Sn achieves H 2 O 2 selectivity exceeding 97% and a production rate of 16.15 mol·g − 1 ·h − 1 in alkaline media, while 80% selectivity with a yield of 8.13 mol·g − 1 ·h − 1 in neutral media. The catalytic activity shows almost no decay after 100 h of continuous operation. In-situ spectroscopies combined with DFT calculations further reveal that polarization coupling at the SiO 2 -carbon interface induces electronic redistribution that optimizes the electronic states of Sn sites and thereby stabilizes the 2e − reaction pathway.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2026
·Vol. 65
·期 30
·15954-15963
·
IF 3.9
Liu Sijie,Zhao Jinlong,Gao Liya,Ding Xiaoshu,Wang Jiaxi,Zhang Dongsheng,Zhao Xinqiang,Wang Yanji
2,5-Furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is an important biomass
derivative
that is commonly used in the synthesis of green polymers. Currently,
the carboxylation of furoic acid (FA) to produce FDCA requires the
use of large quantities of alkaline reagents to convert FA and CO 2 into carboxylates, followed by the displacement of alkali-metal
ions from the carboxylates using HCl to obtain FDCA. This process
not only involves the use of highly corrosive HCl but also alkaline
reagents that are converted into chlorides after the reaction; the
recovery of these chlorides relies on bipolar membrane electrodialysis
technology. In order to avoid the use of strong acids that corrode
equipment and pollute the environment, eliminate the electrodialysis
process, and directly regenerate alkali metal salts while simplifying
the reaction process, this study has designed a new cyclic process.
The process comprises two steps: (1) under the catalysis of an alkali
metal salt catalyst (Cs 2 CO 3 –CsOPiv/TiO 2 ) supported on spherical titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) carriers, FA undergoes direct C–H carboxylation to form
the corresponding carboxylate intermediates. (2) Using the green methylation
reagent dimethyl carbonate (DMC), the carboxylate intermediates are
converted in situ to dimethyl furan-2,5-dicarboxylate (FDME), while
simultaneously regenerating the alkali metal salt catalyst component.
Experimental results indicate that the Cs 2 CO 3 –CsOPiv/TiO 2 catalyst achieves a 94% conversion
rate of FA. The generated carboxylate intermediates are completely
converted to FDME with a total yield of 76%.
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JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS
·
2026
·
IF 1.7
Zigui Wang,Guilin Li,Jiazhen liu,Qiaohui Zhao,Pan He,Yuanyang Song,Long lu,Ping Wang,Jinzhi Bao,Ge wang
The seed swelling/templating method remains a gold standard for producing monodisperse immunomagnetic beads, but it has several drawbacks. It cannot yield beads with high magnetic content, affecting their detection rates in immunodiagnostics. Conventional methods are inefficient and costly, often using nitro or amino groups for iron ion adsorption, which also raises safety and environmental concerns. Additionally, many commercially available beads have poor corrosion resistance, risking iron ion leakage during use. To address these issues, we improved the seed swelling method to achieve higher batch production and the following advantages: 1. The resulting immunomagnetic beads have uniform particle sizes and magnetic contents up to 40%; 2. Carboxylated porous microspheres were introduced for iron ion adsorption, improving experimental ease and environmental impact; 3. Enhancements in the encapsulation process significantly boosted corrosion resistance, allowing the beads to maintain stable magnetism for 16 h in a 5% EDTA solution.
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