Materials
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2019
·Vol. 12
·期 2
·234
·
IF 2.972
Xiaogang Guo,Taotao Liang
In this study, a novel superhydrophobic nano-aluminum/iron (III) oxide composite has been prepared by a facile one-step process of electrophoretic deposition, with wide potential applications. The optimal suspension included ethanol, acetyl-acetone, and the additives of fluorotriphenylsilane and perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane. The microstructure, wettability, and exothermic performance were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microcopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), water contact angle measurements, and the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique. The water contact angle and the heat-release of the target composites could reach to ~170° and 2.67 kJ/g, and could still keep stable, after exposure for six months, showing a great stability. These results provided an exquisite synthesis of ideas, for designing other superhydrophobic energetic materials with self-cleaning properties, for real industrial application.Keywords:aluminum/iron (III) oxide;electrophoretic deposition;perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane;self-cleaning;great stability
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高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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2019
·Vol. 7
·期 10
·5635-5642
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IF 10.733
Lin Yang,Yohan Dall'Agnese,Kanit Hantanasirisakul,Christopher E. Shuck,Kathleen Maleski,Mohamed Alhabeb,Gang Chen,Yu Gao,Yoshitaka Sanehira,Ajay Kumar Jena,Liang Shen,Chunxiang Dall'Agnese,Xiao-Feng Wang,Yury Gogotsi,Tsutomu Miyasaka
MXenes, a class of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides, have a wide range of potential applications due to their unique electronic, optical, plasmonic, and other properties. Herein, we explore the use of the Ti3C2 MXene in organic–inorganic lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). SnO2–Ti3C2 MXene nanocomposites with different contents of Ti3C2 (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 2.5 wt‰) were used as electron transport layers (ETLs) in low-temperature processed planar-structured PSCs. Mixing SnO2 with 1.0 wt‰ Ti3C2 effectively increases the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 17.23% to 18.34%, whereas the device prepared with pristine Ti3C2 as the ETL achieves a PCE of 5.28%. Photoluminescence and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results reveal that metallic Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets provide superior charge transfer paths, enhancing electron extraction, electron mobility, and decreasing the electron transfer resistance at the ETL/perovskite interface, and thus leading to higher photocurrents. This work proposes a new field of application for MXenes and a promising method to increase the efficiency of solar cells.
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VACUUM
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2019
·
IF 2.515
Yanjun Yin,Xueming Li
This study focus on the combustion performance and energy released of self-propagating Al/CuO nanothermite with nanorod structure comprehensively. CuO nanorods with lengths of 50 nm–100 nm were synthesized in large scale by template-free hydrothermal method . Al/CuO nanothermite coatings were further built successfully by co-deposition of the as-prepared CuO nanorods and nano-Al via electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Additionally, the EPD kinetic behavior of CuO nanorods and Al/CuO composites is investigated comprehensively. The optimum deposition time is 15 min and the composites is much homogenous when equivalence ratio (Ф) of Al and CuO is 0.75. Furthermore, the onset temperature is down to 315 °C and the energy release is approximately 3043 J/g along with rapid and violent combustion performance in the thermite reaction of Al/CuO nanorods. It is speculated that the excellent properties of the Al/CuO nanothermite could be ascribed to the uniform distributing and intimate interfacial contact between nano-Al and CuO nanorods.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2019
·
IF 14.229
Zizheng Ai,Yongliang Shao,Bin Chang,Lei Zhang,Jianxing Shen,Yongzhong Wu,Baibiao Huang,Xiaopeng Hao
As a metal-free polymeric semiconductor, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is a promising candidate for photocatalytic water splitting but suffers from the insufficient optical absorption and sluggish utilization of photocarriers. Herein, based on the energy band engineering theory, a new design philosophy of tunable p-n homojunction is proposed and realized in a novel P-doped g-C 3 N 4 (PCN) material. Through regulating the tendency of transformation in p-n homojunction, a strong internal electric field is built and integrated with two secondary internal electric fields by further decorating with Ti 3 C 2 , leading to the formation of a triple-internal electric field system. Thus the spatial separation efficiency of photocarriers is improved and their lifetime is prolonged. The specific photocatalyst exhibits excellent overall water splitting performance in pure water with a notable quantum yield. This work presents a peculiar concept of adjustable p-n homojunction and holds great significance for the rational design of advanced photocatalyst in water splitting.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2019
·
IF 8.355
Tao Yan,Hui Ren,Jie Liu,Qingjie Jiao
To improve reaction rate of energetic materials, electrospray technology was applied to develop microspheres in which recrystallized cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) was integrated with nano-Al (nAl) particles and Viton through a two-solvent strategy. Results on morphology properties and chemical heterogeneity demonstrated that the electrosprayed microspheres were hollow spheres containing well-dispersed RDX . It was suggested that RDX nano-crystals adhere tightly on both sides of the nAl@Viton skeletons, thereby increasing the contact area among components. The thermal analysis of the microspheres indicated that nAl particles accelerated the energy release by decreasing the apparent activation energy for microsphere decomposition. Experimental results showed that electrosprayed nAl@RDX@Viton had shorter laser ignition delay and more vigorous combustion flame than the physical mixture, which benefitted from the characteristic structure and synergistic effects of the components.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2019
·
IF 3.375
Bin Hu,Wenchao Zhang,Chunpei Yu,Zilong Zheng,Yajie Chen,Jiaxin Wang,Jingping Liu,Kefeng Ma,Wei Ren
The CuO micro/nanowires film has been prepared successfully on a Cu substrate using a combination of an electrochemical anodization and an annealing treatment. Its morphology and phase composition have been systemically examined. The vertically aligned CuO micro/nanowires can form a skeleton to facilitate the embedment of Al nanoparticles so that their interfacial contacts will expand significantly to increase the total energy release. The CuO micro/nanowires can be used to synthesize the Al/CuO composite thermite film using an electrophoretic deposition of Al nanoparticles. The thermal analyses reveal that the Al/CuO composite thermite film can release a heat output of 2009 J·g–1 at 10 min deposition. This work develops an effective protocol for the synthesis of the Al/CuO composite thermite film, which is highly compatible with microelectromechanical systems to realize functional energetic chips.
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RSC Advances
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2019
·Vol. 9
·期 44
·25266-25273
·
IF 3.049
Jiaxing Song,Tao Guo,Wen Ding,Miao Yao,Fengli Bei,Xiaonan Zhang,Junyi Huang,Xiang Fang
To explore the effect of the addition of poly(vinylidene fluorine) (PVDF) to a nanothermite system, an Al/MnO2/PVDF energetic nanocomposite was prepared using an electrospray method, Al/MnO2 nanothermite was prepared as a control group. Then, the energetic nanocomposite and nanothermite were tested and analyzed by XRD, FE-SEM and TG-DSC, and the reaction products were collected. The results show that energetic nanocomposite would have three obvious exothermic peaks in the range of room temperature to 800 °C with a total more than 1700 J g−1 heat release while the control experiment, Al/MnO2 nanothermite, could be found one exothermic peak with a 1100 J g−1 heat release. The residues are mainly MnAl2O4, MnF2 and AlF3 which indicates that Al/MnO2/PVDF energetic nanocomposite could make full use of manganese oxide. Finally, thermal analysis experiments were carried out under different heating rates to calculate the activation energy. The calculation results show that the addition of PVDF could significantly reduce the activation energy, which would help spark the thermite at comparatively low energy and temperature.
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高影响因子
MATERIALS LETTERS
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2019
·
IF 3.019
Hongqin Ma,Meijie Wang,Jiasheng Zhang,Shuai Sun
To circumvent the liquid-solid separation and dispersion of the powdered adsorbent during adsorption-desorption circulation, using a drop-oil sol-gel method, the spherical ZrO(OH) 2 /AlOOH hybrid composite beads were prepared as an adsorbent for sulfate adsorption removal from water. The preparation mechanism was proposed and discussed in term of the characterization results showing that the as-prepared beads is an amorphous mesoporous material constructed from nanoflakes composed of rod-like nanoparticles, and possesses a good sphericity, a relatively high specific surface area (195.56 m 2 /g) and adequate mechanic strength (Zr/Al(0.2)-30-3.5, 32.1 N). The adsorption tests indicated that the saturated adsorption capacity increases with sulfate concentration and decreases with prolongation of adsorbent drying time, owing to the reduction of water content, the maximum adsorption capacity can reach 205 mg/g (Zr/Al(0.2)-30-2). This work has a profound significance for the further research and industrial application of spherical adsorbent related to hydrate zirconia in fixed adsorption bed.
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FUEL
·
2019
·
IF 5.128
Min Zhong,Yuanyuan Guo,Jungang Wang,Congbiao Chen,Zhancheng Ma,Litao Jia,Bo Hou,Debao Li
The development of alternative to silicon carbide (SiC) holds great promise in energy and environmental related catalysis because the harsh preparation process and high cost limit its large-scale application. In this work, the core-shell structured ZnAl 2 O 4 @Al ceramic-metal composites (Zn-Al-T) are prepared from low cost metallic Al powder by a facile and environment-friendly approach to replace silicon carbide for Co-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS, a typical strong exothermic heterogeneous catalytic reaction). The composition, thermal conductivity, surface chemical properties and pore configuration of the ZnAl 2 O 4 @Al composites can be easily modulated by controlling the calcination condition. Among Zn-Al-T composites, the Zn-Al-650 and Zn-Al-750 samples demonstrate optimum coupling of physicochemical properties, i.e., robust chemical stability, meso -macropore structure (wide mesopore and high macroporosity) and high thermal conductivity. Thus, the excellent FT performance (low CH 4 selectivity and high selectivity to C 5+ ) was obtained on the Co/Zn-Al-650 and Co/Zn-Al-750 catalysts. The heat transfer experiments were conducted on a special tubular fixed-bed reactor (I.D. = 22 mm) under near-industrial conditions. At similar reaction rates, the effective radial thermal conductivity coefficient (k eaff ) in the Co/Zn-Al-650 catalyst bed is 3–4 times and 1–2 times that in the Co/Al 2 O 3 and Co/SiC catalyst beds respectively, resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution in Co/Zn-Al-650 catalyst bed. In addition, the ZnAl 2 O 4 @Al composite has wide application prospect in strong exothermic/endothermic catalytic system owing to its high thermal conductivity, adjustable physico-chemical properties, facile preparation method and low cost.
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TRIBOLOGY LETTERS
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2019
·Vol. 67
·期 3
·1-11
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IF 2.235
Zeng M. Q.,Hu R. Z.,Song K. Q.,Dai L. Y.,Lu Z. C.
An in situ displacement reaction was used to prepare an Al–12 wt% Sn nanocomposite alloy from mechanically alloyed Al–SnO 2 –MgH 2 . The nanoscaled Sn phase was mostly 30–50 nm in size and was distributed uniformly in the Al matrix. The wear properties of the Al–SnO 2 –MgH 2 composite were enhanced significantly compared to those of an Al–Sn–MgH 2 composite. These improvements stemmed from the high-strength and nanoconfined Sn-phase lubrication, which moved the peak stress far below the surface, released strain localization at the uppermost sliding surface layer, and suppressed cracking and surface roughening. The dispersion strengthening of the Al–SnO 2 –MgH 2 composite favored the maintenance of a stable tribolayer, which resulted in an integrated worn surface and an excellent wear performance.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2019
·
IF 5.155
Zhenguo Wang,Ke Yu,Yu Feng,Ruijuan Qi,Jie Ren,Ziqiang Zhu
MXenes, a new class of two-dimensional materials, possessing high electrical conductivity and unique surface properties，have exhibited great potential as non-noble metal catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, due to poor oxidation resistance , they are easily oxidized in aqueous solution and high humidity environment, resulting in a great loss of electronic properties and surface reactivity. Herein, we report a simple and effective composite synthesis strategy with TiOF 2 intercalation to improve the stability of MXenes materials. TiOF 2 @Ti 3 C 2 T x prepared by this strategy shows ultra-long catalytic activity life of 1000 cycles in acid electrolyte. Besides，the catalyst also shows high HER activity with a low onset potential of 103 mV and a Tafel slope as low as 56.2 mV dec − 1 . Benefiting from the stabilization of TiOF 2 and the physicochemical properties of Ti 3 C 2 T x , TiOF 2 @Ti 3 C 2 T x also exhibits excellent humidity sensitivity and stability.
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ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
·
2019
·Vol. 21
·期 8
·1900176
·
IF 2.906
Tao Yan,Hui Ren,Yaru Li,Huixin Wang,Qingjie Jiao
Porous nano-aluminum@polymer microspheres with a narrow size range are fabricated to exploit the energy advantages of nano-aluminum (nAl). Nitrocellulose (NC) and glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) act as functional binders and adhere tightly to the surface of nAl particles and aggregate them into spheres. The formed holes on the microsphere surface are considered gas diffusion channels to the microsphere interior. Confined combustion results show that nAl@GAP microspheres generate the highest peak pressure, and maximum pressurization rate of nAl@NC microspheres is comparatively higher than that of others. Given the microsphere structure, thermal behavior in air shows that the oxidation-reaction mechanism of the microspheres is close to that of nAl particles. Interfacial reactions between nAl particles and gases produced by polymer decomposition enhance microsphere reactivity. The heat released by polymer decomposition maintains the structure, activates nAl particles, and accelerates combustion propagation, which are positively correlated with the energy content of the polymer. The unconfined test results showed that nAl@GAP microsphere combustion propagates faster than that of nAl@NC microspheres.
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