JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Ya-Qi Zhao,Ying Wang,You-Jin Zheng,Li-Zhi Peng,Li-Juan Wang,Fang-Biao Wang
The mechanical properties of titanium carbide (TiC) ceramics are limited by poor densification during sintering and their intrinsic brittleness. In this study, 5 wt% Al was introduced as a sintering aid, and 10 wt% cubic boron nitride (cBN) was added to fabricate TiC-based ceramic composites via high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) sintering. The microstructure and mechanical properties were systematically investigated. The composites sintered at 4 GPa and 1400 ℃ exhibited optimal properties, with a Vickers hardness of 37.43 GPa and a fracture toughness of 11.41 MPa·m 1/2 , representing increases of 69% and 132% compared with monolithic TiC, respectively. Microstructural analysis shows that Al promotes densification by enhancing interparticle bonding, while cBN participates in interfacial reactions under HPHT conditions, leading to formation of rod-like TiB 2 phases distributed along grain boundaries. The results demonstrate that the synergistic effect of Al-assisted densification and cBN-induced TiB 2 formation governs the microstructure evolution and mechanical performance of TiC-based ceramic composites, providing a feasible strategy for designing high-performance TiC-based ceramic.
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METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 3.3
Yu Wanquan,Zhang Run,Wang Yujian,Liu Mengxia,Su Jichang,Lv Xuewei,Dang Jie
The high cost of conventional titanium feedstocks has severely constrained the industrial application of Ti–Al-based MAX-phase composites. This work presents a clean, cost-effective pathway for synthesizing Ti 4 Al(C, N) 3 /Al 2 O 3 composites directly from natural ilmenite concentrate. The synthesis encompasses two sequential stages: (i) the reduction and carbonitridation of pre-oxidized ilmenite in a hydrogen-rich atmosphere to yield a Ti(C, N, O) precursor, and (ii) pressureless sintering of the precursor with Al and Ti powders, followed by acid leaching to remove intermetallic byproducts. Through systematic parametric optimization, the precursor synthesis was established at 1150 °C for 70 min in a 4 vol pct CH 4 –80 vol pct H 2 –16 vol pct N 2 atmosphere, achieving a carbonitridation ratio exceeding 90 pct while suppressing detrimental carbon deposition. Subsequent pressureless sintering at 1500 °C for 4 h with a molar ratio of 2.2Ti(C, N, O):2Al:1Ti yielded the target composite. Mechanistic investigation, combining experimental characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, reveals that the Al 3 Ti intermediate phase plays a dual critical role: it promotes deep deoxygenation of Ti(C, N, O) with in situ formation of Al 2 O 3 reinforcements, while simultaneously healing N vacancies in the MAX-phase lattice. Aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (AC-TEM) confirmed that the synthesized Ti 4 Al(C, N) 3 solid solution possesses a pristine hexagonal structure identical to that of phase-pure Ti 4 AlN 3 , with no observable lattice distortion or extended defects. This work presents a novel strategy for the economical and sustainable synthesis of high-performance Ti 4 Al(C, N) 3 /Al 2 O 3 composites.
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Communications Materials
·
2025
·Vol. 6
·期 1
·1-8
·
IF 9.6
Lin Qicai,Jin Junjie,Jiang Yongkang,Sheng Guan,Schwingenschlögl Udo,Wu Junwei,Tu Shaobo,Liu Xingjun,Zhang Xixiang
Al-ion batteries (AIBs) have emerged as a promising energy storage technology due to their high theoretical capacity, cost-effectiveness, and superior safety. However, the lack of stable and efficient cathode materials capable of reversible Al-complex ion (e.g., [AlCl 4 ] − ) insertion/extraction remains a critical challenge. In this work, we developed TiNbCT x MXene as a high-performance cathode material for AIBs, achieving remarkable capacity and cycling stability. Unlike symmetric-structured Ti 2 CT x , the TiNbCT x cathode leverages synergistic Ti–Nb bimetallic effects to enhance the electronic conductivity and electrochemical activity. Here we show, TiNbCT x delivers a high reversible capacity of 194 mAh·g −1 at 0.2 A·g −1 with 800-cycle stability. Through combined experimental characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we elucidate the kinetic mechanisms of energy storage, offering fundamental insights for the rational design of advanced cathode materials in AIBs.
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ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
·
2022
·Vol. 25
·期 9
·2201444
·
IF 4.122
Peng-Shuai Bin,Wen-Hao Geng,Tao Wang,Qiangxia Zhu,Min Li,Xiang-Le Liu,Peng-Fei Qian,Ze-Long Bao,Zhi-Xian Yang,Hong-Zhang Geng
Herein, silver nanowires (AgNWs) and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) are prepared by polyol and gel–sol method, respectively. Then bendable, strong adhesion, flat, and high optical transmittance AgNWs:AZO composite transparent conductive film (TCF) is prepared in an all-solution method. By spinning the AZO to the upper layer of the AgNW networks and annealing at 120 °C for 20 min, the junctions of the AgNW networks are welded by the capillary force in the solvent evaporation and AZO crystallization process. The sheet resistance of the TCF is as low as 12.9 Ω sq −1 at an optical transmittance of 92.1% (@550 nm), which is comparable to the indium tin oxide film on glass. The root means square roughness is reduced from 30.1 to 8.48 nm to match the criteria as anode for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Furthermore, the adhesion between the AgNW networks and the substrate has been significantly improved. Finally, a flexible green OLED device with AgNW:AZO TCF as the anode is successfully prepared. The maximum luminous intensity of the prepared OLED is 10 060 cd m −2 , and the maximum current efficiency is 6.43 cd A −1 , which proves the great potential of the film in flexible electronics.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 9.136
Yufeng Da,Yong Liu,Yong Chen,Rui Han,Jianlong Wang
Recently, the activation of molecular oxygen (O 2 ) by graphite (Gr) supported aluminum (Al) composite for the in-situ generation of H 2 O 2 / OH gains increasing attention. However, the limited O 2 mass transfer and low catalytic activity of decomposition H 2 O 2 at neutral pH restrict its further application in the wastewater treatment. In this work, a novel N-rich graphite supported aluminum (Al-Gr-NPC) composite was fabricated by introducing the nitrogen-rich porous carbon (NPC) obtained from ZIF-8 derivative as precursor, and by a ball-milling and sintering process. The results showed that the NPC introduction not only improved the physiochemical property of Al-Gr, such as specific surface area, pore structure and hydrophobicity, facilitating the mass transfer of O 2 , but also made Al-Gr contain plentiful N species, serving as active sites for the two-electron ORR process and catalytic decomposition of H 2 O 2 . These excellent performances of Al-Gr-NPC favored the production and utilization of H 2 O 2 by the activation of O 2 at neutral pH and air aeration. The carbonization temperature of ZIF-8 determined the type of N species, surface area and the hydrophobicity of NPC. 1 O 2 was the main oxidant for tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) degradation. 100 % TC degradation and 60.57 % of TOC removal were achieved within 60 min at neutral pH, Al-Gr-NPC dosage of 0.5 g/L and initial TC concentration of 20 mg/L. The toxicity of the final products of TC degradation were much lower than TC by ECOSAR software analysis. Al-Gr-NPC could be used for the removal of antibiotic contaminants from wastewater.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.304
Mansoor Khan,Mustafa Soylak
Palladium is an important metal as it has a wide range of applications in different fields but can cause cancer in human beings. Therefore, precise quantification of palladium is important. For this purpose, new material Ti 3 AlC 2 max phase having unique properties like high stability, thermal conductivity and environmental friendly has been synthesized. To increase its surface area of Ti 3 AlC 2 max phase, graphene oxide (GO) has been incorporated to form Ti 3 AlC 2 max phase GO nanocomposite. Ti 3 AlC 2 max phase GO nanocomposite was used as solid phase extracting material for microextraction and preconcentration of Pd(II) in environmental samples and medical appliances. Characterization of the adsorbent was achieved by using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and surface area analyzer (SAA). All the parameters that influence the extraction efficiency of the adsorbent like solution pH, amount of adsorbent, volume of sample, vortex time, desorption condition and interferences effect were determined and optimized. The limit of detection (0.327 µg/L) and limit of quantification (1.09 µg/L) show that the method is highly sensitive. The relative standard deviation was calculated as 5.48 % for five repeated measurements, which shows that the developed method is reproducible. The method is highly efficient with large values of preconcentration factor (20) and enhancement factors (20). The method was validated by applying the method to real water samples, soil samples and medical appliances with satisfied recovery results (94–106 %).
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CARBON
·
2022
·
IF 11.307
Junli Ma,Zhenzhen Guo,Xu Han,Kaixin Guo,Haoran Li,Ping Fang,Xianbao Wang,Jianguo Xin
As one of the ways to comprehensively utilize solar energy, solar-driven interfacial evaporation displays promising opportunities to alleviate both freshwater and energy shortages. However, there is always a partial impairment of solar energy utilization during evaporation, and its operation is stagnant without sunlight. In this study, a novel asymmetric evaporator is designed that achieves the maximum utilization of solar energy for clean water and power output by two-step asymmetric filtration of reduced graphene oxide/FeOOH (RGO/FeOOH)-based composites and graphene oxide (GO) on a mixed cellulose ester membrane (MCE). Under one solar irradiation , the RGO/FeOOH-based asymmetric evaporator can achieve an average output power of 51.33 mW m −2 synchronously with efficient solar evaporation. The output voltage can reach up to 640 mV with a current of approximately 84.8 μA. Furthermore, the average output power of this evaporator is 26.96 mW m −2 under ambient conditions. A light-emitting diode (LED) can be successfully lit via a series connection of electricity generators. The RGO/FeOOH-based asymmetric evaporator can function full-time with only solar energy and water, demonstrating the potential to generate steam and electricity simultaneously in sunlight; the findings also show its value as a generator on cloudy days or at night. Moreover, the RGO/FeOOH-based composites also show the photocatalytic degradation capabilities of organic pollutants in water. The simple fabrication strategy and superior thermal and electrical performance of the solution indicate that these novel RGO/FeOOH-based composites can be used for power generation , energy storage and brine and wastewater purification to achieve the maximum utilization of resources.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 10.319
Linjing Qiao,Jianqiang Bi,Guandong Liang,Chen Liu,Zhuangzhuang Yin,Yao Yang,Hongyi Wang,Shaoyin Wang,Mengmeng Shang,Weili Wang
Herein, a novel kind of high-entropy MAX phases, (Mo 0.25 Cr 0.25 Ti 0.25 V 0.25 ) 3 AlC 2 powders were successfully synthesized by a newly proposed two-step solid state reaction process. The oxidation experiments demonstrate that the oxidation products of Al 2 Mo 3 O 12 and rutile TiO 2 are formed at about 600 and 800 °C, respectively. Besides, the dielectric and electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption properties of (Mo 0.25 Cr 0.25 Ti 0.25 V 0.25 ) 3 AlC 2 powders and those after oxidation at different temperatures were also examined. The results show that the as-synthesized (Mo 0.25 Cr 0.25 Ti 0.25 V 0.25 ) 3 AlC 2 powders possess excellent EM wave absorption performances with the minimum reflection loss ( RL ) of -45.80 dB (at 1.7 mm thickness) and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth ( E AB ) of 3.6 GHz (at 1.5 mm thickness). After oxidation at 400–800 °C, due to the coupling of conductivity loss and polarization loss, (Mo 0.25 Cr 0.25 Ti 0.25 V 0.25 ) 3 AlC 2 powders can retain good EM wave absorption properties in a certain frequency range. In this paper, the effects of oxidation on EM wave absorption properties of high-entropy MAX phases were systematically investigated for the first time. This work manifests that high-entropy MAX phases are promising EM wave absorbing candidates and can maintain good EM wave absorption performances after oxidation.
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FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Licheng Liang,Linyan Bian,Yanping Fan,Shuyan Guan,Xianyun Liu,Qunying Sun,Baozhong Liu
The research and development of efficient catalysts is very important for the sustainable utilization of hydrogen energy. Herein, we designed the Ru/Ti 3 C 2−x N x catalysts using N -doped two-dimensional material MXene (Ti 3 C 2−x N x ) as support toward hydrogen generation from ammonia borane (AB) hydrolysis. Due to the confinement and anchoring effects of Ti 3 C 2−x N x , the as-prepared Ru/Ti 3 C 2−x N x catalysts show an ultrafine particle size of 1.55 nm and remarkable AB hydrolysis activity with high turnover frequency (TOF) value of 1334 min −1 and r B value of 297 × 10 3 mL·min −1 ·g Ru −1 at 298 K. XPS results show that the doped N atoms in Ti 3 C 2−x N x support provide electron-feeding effect for Ru in the reaction to form electron-rich Ru. The isotope experiments confirm that the dissociation of H 2 O is the rate-determining step (RDS) in AB hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by Ru/Ti 3 C 2−x N x . According to the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the N atoms introduced into Ti 3 C 2−x N x decrease the dissociation energy of O–H bond in H 2 O molecules, accelerating the desorption of H* from Ti 3 C 2−x N x surface. This research provides a strategy to enhance synergistic interaction between support and metal through N -doping, so as to effectively improve the catalytic performance of heterogeneous catalysts.
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MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 4
·1823
·
IF 4.6
Jingjie Lv,Haibo Ren,Ziyan Cheng,Sang Woo Joo,Jiarui Huang
To solve the slow kinetics of polysulfide conversion reaction in Li-S battery, many transition metal nitrides were developed for sulfur hosts. Herein, novel polyaniline-coated porous vanadium nitride (VN) microrods were synthesized via a calcination, washing and polyaniline-coating process, which served as sulfur host for Li-S battery exhibited high electrochemical performance. The porous VN microrods with high specific surface area provided enough interspace to overcome the volume change of the cathode. The outer layer of polyaniline as a conductive shell enhanced the cathode conductivity, effectively blocked the shuttle effect of polysulfides, thus improving the cycling capacity of Li-S battery. The cathode exhibited an initial capacity of 1007 mAh g−1at 0.5 A g−1, and the reversible capacity remained at 735 mAh g−1over 150 cycles.Keywords:VN;microrods;sulfur host;cathode;lithium–sulfur battery
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Yifan Zhang,Xianwei Hu,Fengguo Liu,Jiaxin Yang,Liyu Chen,Wenju Tao,Aimin Liu,Zhongning Shi,Zhaowen Wang
In the present study, the reaction process and reaction mechanism of the aluminothermic reduction of NaVO 3 to prepare aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy were investigated by experimental analysis and quantum chemical calculations. The results of thermal analysis and isothermal experiments indicated that the aluminothermic reduction of NaVO 3 was a multi-step process and temperature played a critical role in this process. The aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy was generated when the temperature exceeded 963 ºC, and it could be further separated from the reduction product after the addition of slag-forming agents (CaO and CaF 2 ) at 1600 ºC. Furthermore, an atomic-level insight into the reaction between aluminum and NaVO 3 was explored based on the electrostatic potential (ESP) analysis of the reactivity of NaVO 3 . The results showed that the aluminum atom first interacted with NaVO 3 to form an intermediate complex through electrostatic interaction , and then NaVO 3 was reduced to NaVO 2 under the continuous action of aluminum. Further, the newly formed NaVO 2 was consequently converted to aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy under the continuous action of aluminum atoms. These theoretical results were essentially consistent with the experimental data, which provided a fundamental understanding about the reaction mechanism of NaVO 3 with Al. Moreover, the aluminothermic reduction of NaVO 3 also provided a feasible and environmentally friendly metallurgical approach for preparing aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy.
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International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials
·
2023
·Vol. 30
·期 4
·756-765
·
IF 4.8
Liu Yunsong,Wang Enhui,Xu Linchao,Yang Tao,He Zhijun,Liang Tongxiang,Hou Xinmei
Different amounts of AlON have been introduced in calcium hexaaluminate (CA 6 ) using two approaches, that is, one-step and two-step methods, to improve the slag resistance of CA 6 . A one-step method can directly sinter the mixtures combining Al 2 O 3 , CaCO 3 , and Al in flowing nitrogen, in which AlON clusters are always formed because of the poor wettability of Al by Al 2 O 3 , leading to the high porosity of CA 6 /AlON composite. In a two-step method, CA 6 and AlON are prepared separately and then mixed and sintered in flowing nitrogen. Compared with the sample prepared by the one-step method, CA 6 and AlON in composite by the two-step method are more uniformly distributed, and the optimized amount of AlON added is 10wt%. The slag corrosion and penetration test shows that the CA 6 /AlON composite using the two-step method exhibits superior slag corrosion protection. The promoted effect of AlON on slag penetration and corrosion resistance is also discussed.
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