NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
·
2026
·Vol. 39
·期 4
·e70249
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IF 2.8
Xiaomin Duan,Longyang Xiao,Haichen Zhao,Yuanxiang Gao,Lili Wang,Haiyang Yu,Xiaoyuan Zhou,Xiaojuan Shi,Zhiming Li
This study aimed to validate the feasibility of hypoxia-targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) molecular probe (CAIX-Gd) for evaluating hypoxia status in rats with hepatic fibrosis. A macrocyclic ligand compound (Compound 3) was synthesized using the carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) inhibitor acetazolamide as the targeting moiety, and its structure was confirmed by 1 H-NMR spectroscopy. CAIX-Gd was then prepared by chelating gadolinium, with free gadolinium content quantified via the xylenol orange assay. In biocompatibility tests, CAIX-Gd administration showed no significant histopathological changes compared with saline controls. For hypoxia detection, rats were divided into three groups: (A) hepatic fibrosis (HF) with CAIX-Gd, (B) HF with DTPA-Gd, and (C) normal controls (NC) with CAIX-Gd. The difference in T1 relaxation time (∆T1) pre- and post-contrast was measured in regions of interest (ROI). HF rats showed increased collagen deposition (Masson staining), α-SMA activation, and elevated hypoxia markers (PIMO/HIF-1α) compared to controls (all p < 0.05). In group C, mild ∆T1 shortening was seen at 10 min post-injection. While ∆T1 continuously decreased in group B, the shortening was significantly greater in group A ( p < 0.05), peaking at 10 min. In conclusion, the CAIX-Gd probe was successfully synthesized and demonstrated potential for the non-invasive MRI detection of hypoxia in hepatic fibrosis.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Xinyi Guo,Mengmeng Wang,Danyang Qu,Hao Cui,Jiajing Gong,Qinglin Shen,Yang Han,Xingqi Pan,Zhenbao Liu,Meilin Shi
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) offers a noninvasive strategy for tumor ablation through ultrasound-activated sonosensitizers that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, its therapeutic efficacy is often limited by tumor hypoxia. Herein, we report the rational design of a multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform, HA-MnO2-TCPP nanoflowers, that integrates active tumor targeting, dual ROS amplification, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance for synergistic sonodynamic and chemodynamic therapy. The MnO2 nanoflowers were loaded with the sonosensitizer 4-carboxyphenyl porphyrin (TCPP) and surface-modified with hyaluronic acid (HA). This design enables CD44 receptor-mediated tumor targeting and tumor microenvironment-responsive degradation. Upon exposure to the mildly acidic and reductive tumor microenvironment, MnO2 is reduced to Mn2+, leading to glutathione depletion, in situ oxygen generation, and alleviation of hypoxia, while the released Mn2+ catalyzes Fenton-like reactions to generate highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and simultaneously serves as an efficient T1-weighted MRI contrast agent. Meanwhile, TCPP enhances singlet oxygen (1O2) generation upon ultrasound activation, enabling effective sonodynamic therapy. Through the coordinated activation of SDT and CDT under MRI guidance, HA-MnO2-TCPP nanoparticles achieve precise and efficient tumor suppression without reliance on photothermal mechanisms. This work provides a robust paradigm for tumor microenvironment-responsive nanotheranostics and highlights the potential of ultrasound-activated strategies for precision cancer therapy.
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Acta Biomaterialia
·
2026
·
IF 10.4
Qinwen Huang,Yan Wu,Mengqi Liu,Yiru Jiang,Chuan Zhang,Jun Zhang
Ischemic stroke, the second leading cause of death and a primary source of severe disability in adults worldwide, is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates that correlate closely with the extent of neuronal damage. A critical strategy for improving patient outcomes is the early identification and rescue of the ischemic penumbra, a region at risk but potentially salvageable. However, accurately identifying and visualizing this penumbra poses a significant challenge in treatment and is crucial for predicting patient prognosis. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques often fail to delineate viable tissue effectively.Cleaved Caspase-3 (c-Casp3), a key executor of apoptosis, is specifically and highly expressed within the penumbra, making it an ideal molecular target for precise imaging. To address this challenge, we designed and constructed a multifunctional, enzyme-responsive MRI nanoprobe (FGAPT) for the molecular imaging of the ischemic penumbra. This probe capitalizes on the elevated expression of activated Caspase-3 during ischemic neuronal apoptosis, facilitating its specific accumulation and activation at the lesion site. As a result, there is a significant enhancement of the T1-weighted imaging signal, allowing for accurate delineation of the penumbra. This study establishes an imaging strategy for the precise identification of the ischemic penumbra, thereby presenting a paradigm for guiding individualized thrombolytic and neuroprotective interventions in ischemic stroke. The proposed methodology lays a robust imaging foundation for transitioning stroke management from a generalized therapeutic approach to personalized treatment optimization. Statement of Significance The precise delineation of the ischemic penumbra is critical for guiding therapy in acute ischemic stroke, yet remains a challenge for conventional imaging. To address this, we developed an enzyme-responsive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nanoprobe, FGAPT, for the molecular visualization of this salvageable tissue. This smart probe is engineered around a MRET mechanism, linking a superparamagnetic quencher (Fe₃O₄) and a paramagnetic enhancer (Gd-DOTA) with a peptide sequence specifically cleaved by activated Caspase-3—a key executor of apoptosis upregulated in the penumbra. Surface conjugation of a brain-targeting aptamer ensures blood-brain barrier penetration. In a rodent stroke model, the probe achieved high-contrast, specific T1-signal enhancement exclusively within the penumbra, as confirmed by spatial colocalization with histologically verified apoptotic cells. This Caspase-3-activated imaging strategy enables accurate differentiation between the infarct core and the ischemic penumbra. By directly visualizing a pivotal molecular determinant of cellular fate, our work provides a novel tool to advance stroke management from a rigid “time window” paradigm toward a precision “tissue window” approach. Download: Download high-res image (206KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Jingjing Liu,Jing Huang,Meng Lv,Shuguo Wang,Gaoqi chen,Zhihao Zhang,Jiajun Tao,Xu Hou,Xudong Yang,Yu Wang,Shuo Wang,Fei Li,Tong Xu,Yunru Wan,Jiaying Zhao,Xiangyu Gong
RE 3+ -activated BaGdF 5 phosphors have broad applications in LED-based fluorescence displays and biological tracing. In this research, various types (GdF 3 :5%Eu 3+ , BaGdF 5 :5%Eu 3+ ) and different morphologies (peanut, octahedron, microsphere) of gadolinium-based fluoride micro/nano-materials with down-shifting luminescence were synthesized via the hydrothermal method. The coordination environments of Gd 3+ , Eu 3+ , Ba 2+ , and F - ions were tuned by systematically varying the reaction time (6–36 h), the initial pH (3–11), and surfactants/chelating agents (CTAB, EDTA-2Na, Na 3 Cit and PVP). The optimal synthesis conditions (36 h, pH=3) were identified through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The samples were comprehensively characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurements, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The octahedral BaGdF 5 :5%Eu 3+ particles synthesized with CTAB demonstrated good thermal stability and the strongest fluorescence emission intensity at 595 nm, producing an orange-red light with CIE chromaticity coordinates of (0.5141, 0.4845). The luminescence intensity was 2.23 times greater than that of samples prepared with PVP. Moreover, the signal intensity in MRI T 1 -weighted imaging exhibits a positive correlation with Gd 3+ concentration. The composite material containing 2% wt% BaGdF 5 :5% Eu 3+ within the chitin matrix demonstrated optimal performance in CT imaging. Research indicates that the synthesised octahedral BaGdF 5 :5% Eu 3+ compound holds potential applications for down-shifting luminescence and multimodal MRI/CT imaging.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米技术
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生物医学成像
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发光材料
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无机化学
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JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
·
2025
·
IF 11.5
Ruling Zhang,Kai Wang,Wenqing Xiao,Dalin Wu,Zhong Cao
Fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging ( 19 F MRI) offers distinct advantages, including background-free signal detection, quantitative analysis, and deep tissue penetration. However, its application is currently limited by challenges associated with existing 19 F MRI contrast agents, such as short transverse relaxation times (T 2 ), limited imaging sensitivity, and suboptimal biocompatibility. To overcome these limitations, a glutathione (GSH)-responsive triblock copolymer (PB7), featuring self-immolative characteristics, has been developed. In aqueous solution, PB7 can spontaneously self-assemble into a 19 F MRI contrast agent (SPTF), which exhibits a long T 2 relaxation time and GSH-responsive T 2 prolongation. Notably, during the self-assembly process of PB7, the photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6) can be encapsulated inside of the hydrophobic domain of SPTF, resulting in the formation of a multifunctional nanotheranostic agent (Ce6@SPTF). Ce6@SPTF is able to undergo structural disintegration in response to elevated GSH levels at the tumor site, leading to the dissociation of fluorinated segments and a marked amplification of the 19 F MRI signal. Concurrently, the controlled release of Ce6 generates high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under laser irradiation, enabling effective in vivo ablation of breast tumors. This study presents a promising strategy to effectively combine 19 F MRI with therapeutic interventions.
研究领域:
医学影像
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纳米医学
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肿瘤学
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磁共振成像
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光动力治疗
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生物医学工程
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Journal of Materials Chemistry B
·
2025
·
IF 5.7
Qiao Wang,Yimin Gong,Jianing Li,Xin Zeng,Dan Luo,Yun Ling,Yaming Zhou,Zhenxia Chen
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline porous materials with tunable structures, where metal ions or clusters serves as magnetic centers and organic ligands offer spatial separation. These characteristics, combined with their diverse topologies, make MOFs promising candidates for contrast agents (CAs) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Herein we synthesized four MOFs based on the same triangular Fe3O clusters with different topologies: MIL-101(Fe) (mtn net), MIL-100(Fe) (moo net), MIL-59(Fe) (pcu net), and MIL-88B(Fe) (acs net). To clarify the relationship between topologies and T2 relaxivities, the MOFs were tailored into uniform, nanoscale spherical morphologies. Notably, the value of T2 relaxivity for MIL-88B(Fe) with acs topology is nearly three times of that for MIL-101(Fe) with mtn topology at 7.0 T. By comparing with the magnetic properties of Fe3O molecular clusters and Ga-doped MIL-88B(Fe), our analysis demonstrated the significant advantage of MOFs with fixed arrays, adjustable component and diverse topologies in enhancing magnetic relaxation. Cellular MRI experiments further revealed that MIL-88B(Fe) could differentiate between M1 and M2 macrophages, highlighting its potential for monitoring tumor progression. These findings offer valuable insights into how MOF topology can be strategically utilized to enhance T2 relaxivities for MRI applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
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医学影像
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生物医学工程
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Applied Materials Today
·
2022
·
IF 8.663
Ying Liu,Weiqiang Lin,Fang Yang,Tianfeng Chen
Tumor hypoxic microenvironment is a crucial bottleneck limiting its clinical therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, how to design nano-drugs with clear structure and function based on the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment to overcome the hypoxia of tumors and achieve high-efficiency and low-toxicity treatment is an important strategy to solve the problem of tumor treatment. Herein, we design and synthesize a ternary nano-platform, Ce6-AuCeFe, with longan structure by a simple method to obtain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-guided cascade reagent to enhance cancer Photodynamic therapy (PDT). The AuCeFe was synthesized via a one-pot reaction with controlled morphology and loaded with Ce6 to assist PDT. Ce6-AuCeFe was synthesized as a hybrid nanocatalyst model of glucose oxidase and peroxidase mimics because of its outstanding catalytic performance. As nontoxic glucose was continuously converted to abundant H 2 O 2 by AuCeFe, the excess H 2 O 2 was subsequently catalyzed by the peroxidase-like activity of AuCeFe to generate O 2 , which helped to alleviate the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. The mechanistic studies elucidate that the ternary nanoparticles facilitate triplet oxygen into singlet oxygen through energy transfer, which leads to highly toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) production combined with PDT, achieving much desirable cancer cells killing effect under hypoxia conditions. Meanwhile, the degradation of Ce6-AuCeFe under tumor microenvironment also enhanced on T 1 and T 2 -weighted MRI, indicating that Ce6-AuCeFe could be used as two-mode MRI contrast agents for precisely guiding in therapy. In summary, our study provides a novel strategy for tumor therapy by utilizing well-structured metal composites to achieve high-efficiency oxygen production, thereby overcoming the hypoxic tumor microenvironment.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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肿瘤学
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纳米医学
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Journal of Analysis and Testing
·
2018
·Vol. 2
·期 1
·69-76
·
IF 0
Zhen Wen-Yao,Bai Jing,Jia Xiao-Dan,Wu Lie,Jiang Xiu-E
The local tumor hypoxia has become one of the main obstacles for photodynamic therapy (PDT).To break through this barrier, the fabrication of O 2 -evolving nanoplatform has been more significant. Herein, the uniform methylene blue (MB)–bovine serum albumin (BSA)–Fe(III) nanoparticles (MB–BSA–Fe(III) NPs) were successfully synthesized by biomineralization approach. MB–BSA–Fe(III) NPs show high loading capacity of MB, and Fe(ΙΙΙ) has excellent catalytic performance towards abundant H 2 O 2 in cancer cells to generate O 2 , overcoming tumor hypoxia. All these combination effects remarkably increase the therapeutic efficiency of PDT, resulting in almost complete destruction of cancer cells. Most importantly, MB–BSA–Fe(III) NPs exhibit T 2- magnetic resonance imaging, which have the potential for precise visualization of the tumor location. Our results demonstrate that MB–BSA–Fe(III) is a novel H 2 O 2 -responsive and O 2 -evolving nanoplatform and it has great potential for clinical applications such as cancer diagnosis, treatment or drug delivery.
研究领域:
纳米医学
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肿瘤学
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生物材料科学
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Biomedical Materials
·
2020
·Vol. 15
·期 4
·045004
·
IF 3.174
Hehong Li,Yingxian Yin,Yang Xiang,Haixia Liu,Rui Guo
Making artificial bile ducts in vitro for repairing and replacing diseased bile ducts is an important concept in tissue engineering. This study printed a tubular composite scaffold using polycaprolactone (PCL) through the current 3D printing method. It served as a matrix for the organoid cells of the bile duct to proliferation, migration, and differentiation. The PCL scaffold full of bile duct-like organ cells can achieve the effect of bionics, replacing the original bile duct to perform its proper function. In order to enrich the performance of the tubular scaffold, hydrogels were also used in this study. Applying a layer of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel with an appropriate thickness on the outer layer of the PCL scaffold not only protects and supports the scaffold, but also improves the biocompatibility of the printed bile duct. In addition, ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles dispersed in GelMA served as the contrast agent to monitor the repair of the lesion site and the degradation of the bile duct in real time by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, a tubular composite scaffold that could reconstruct bile duct function and possess a real-time MRI imaging property was constructed by 3D printing. After 13 days of the co-culture of bone marrow derived stem cells (BMSCs), the survival rate of the BMSCs was greater than 95%, and the coverage of the BMSCs was as high as 90%. At the same time, the compression modulus of the stent could reach 17.41 kPa and the Young's modulus could reach 5.03 kPa. Thus, the mechanical properties of it can meet the needs of human implantation. USPIO can achieve MRI imaging in situ and nondestructively monitor the degradation of the stent in the body. In summary, PCL/GelMA/USPIO bile duct scaffolds are beneficial to the proliferation of cells on the scaffolds and can be used to construct biologically active artificial bile ducts.
研究领域:
组织工程
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生物医学工程
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医学影像
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材料科学
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2016
·
IF 3.15
Limin Han,Xingping Zhou
Nano-magnetic liposomes (MLs) consist of liposomes and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Due to the active surfaces of liposomes, various functional groups can be attached for ligand-specific targeting. Here, we describe synthesis of magnetic nano-composite liposomes (HMLs) by a thin film dispersing method, based on hydrophobic magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles. The results showed that the particle diameter of the HMLs containing Fe 3 O 4 OA NPs at a final Fe loading of 11.02 g/mol phosphatidylcholine (POPC) mainly in a sandwich-structure was 125.3 ± 12.9 nm determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). While the initial Fe concentration in the solution varied from 0.25 to 3.0 mg/mL, an effective Fe 3 O 4 NPs loading was achieved, with encapsulation efficiency (EE%) from 91.0% to 71.0%. Subsequently, the HMLs were confirmed to be quite cytocompatible and hemocompatible in the applied concentration range by MTT and hemolysis assays. We also found that HMLs had more advantages than those liposomes with hydrophilic Fe 3 O 4 NPs by comparing their EE% and r 2 relaxivity. Finally, it was concluded that the analyzed Fe concentration in HMLs was sufficient to produce a pronouncedly weak signal for MRI in vitro to enhance the contrast between tumors and normal tissues.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
·
影像医学
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JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·Vol. 23
·期 1
·1-21
·
IF 12.6
Wei Min,Jiang Qiaoji,Bian Shuang,Chang Pengzhao,Li Bangbang,Shi Changzhou,Zhu Yangang,Wang Yanchen,Hou Pingfu,Li Jingjing
With the progress of atherosclerosis (AS), the arterial lumen stenosis and compact plaque structure, the thickening intima and the narrow gaps between endothelial cells significantly limit the penetration efficiency of nanoprobe to plaque, weakening the imaging sensitivity and therapy efficiency. Thus, in this study, a H 2 O 2 -NIR dual-mode nanomotor, Gd-doped mesoporous carbon nanoparticles/Pt with rapamycin (RAPA) loading and AntiCD36 modification (Gd-MCNs/Pt-RAPA-AC) was constructed. The asymmetric deposition of Pt on Gd-MCNs catalyzed H 2 O 2 at the inflammatory site to produce O 2 , which could promote the self-motion of the nanomotor and ease inflammation microenvironment of AS plaque. Near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation promoted the photothermal conversion of Gd-MCNs to generate the thermal propulsion of nanomotor and photothermal ablation of inflammatory macrophages. Meanwhile, the modification of AntiCD36 to bind with inflammatory macrophages further promotes the targeting effect. The released RAPA could inhibit the inflammatory side effects caused by photothermal effects, and promote macrophage autophagy to hinder the development of AS. The dual-mode propulsion nanomotors combining with the synergistic therapy of photothermal treatment, anti-inflammatory and pro-autophagy provided improved theranositc effect of AS. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
医学影像学
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纳米医学
·
心血管疾病
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BIOMATERIALS
·
2014
·
IF 8.312
Ziyong Cheng,Yunlu Dai,Xiaojiao Kang,Chunxia Li,Shanshan Huang,Hongzhou Lian,Zhiyao Hou,Pingan Ma,Jun Lin
A facile method for transferring hydrophobic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) from chloroform to aqueous solution via encapsulation of FITC-modified gelatin based on the hydrophobic–hydrophobic interaction is described in this report. Due to the existence of large amount of active groups such as amine groups in gelatin, the fluorescent labeling molecules of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and platinum (IV) prodrug functionalized with carboxylic groups can be conveniently conjugated on the IONPs. The nanoparticles carrying Pt(IV) prodrug exhibit good anticancer activities when the Pt(IV) complexes are reduced to Pt(II) in the intracellular environment, while the pure Pt(IV) prodrug only presents lower cytotoxicity on cancer cells. Meanwhile, fluorescence of FITC on the surface of nanoparticles was completely quenched due to the possible Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) mechanism and showed a fluorescence recovery after gelatin release and detachment from IONPs. Therefore FITC as a fluorescence probe can be used for identification, tracking and monitoring the drug release. In addition, adding pancreatic enzyme can effectively promote the gelatin release from IONPs owing to the degradation of gelatin. Noticeable darkening in magnetic resonance image (MRI) was observed at the tumor site after in situ injection of nanoparticles, indicating the IONPs-enhanced T 2 -weighted imaging. Our results suggest that the gelatin encapsulated Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles have potential applications in multi-functional drug delivery system for disease therapy, MR imaging and fluorescence sensor.
研究领域:
纳米技术
·
药学
·
生物医学工程
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癌症研究
·
磁共振成像
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高影响因子
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