INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 4.6
Guoqiang Wang,Lihua Guo,Feng Zhang,Luqiao Yang,Jun Lin
Tungsten (W)-based cermet fuels have garnered significant interest in nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) systems due to their high melting point, thermal properties, and compatibility with hydrogen (H 2 ) propellants. The W–Y 2 O 3 composite matrix prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) exhibits greater densification and suppressed grain growth compared to pure W. Since NTP systems operate at temperatures above 2300 °C, the microstructural evolution under elevated temperatures is crucial to fuel performance. This study investigates the high temperature effects on the microstructure of pure W and W–Y 2 O 3 matrices fabricated by SPS. The matrices were subjected to temperatures ranging from 1800 °C to 2300 °C. Below 2300 °C, Y 2 O 3 particles effectively inhibited W grain growth through the Zener pinning effect, thereby increasing the proportion of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs). At high temperatures, H₂ diffuses into the matrix, reacting with uranium dioxide (UO 2 ), which contributes to fuel loss. The fine grains increase grain boundary density, extending H₂ diffusion paths, while LAGBs help mitigate harmful H₂ accumulation. However, at 2300 °C, W diffuses into Y 2 O 3 , causing the Y 2 O 3 grains to grow and leading to the formation of pores and cracks. This weakens the Zener pinning effect, promoting abnormal grain growth of W, which ultimately results in an increase in high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) and accelerates the diffusion of H 2 . The study identifies three stages of W diffusion into Y 2 O 3 : initial enrichment at Y 2 O 3 grain boundaries, formation of W-depleted/W-enriched island-like structures within Y 2 O 3 grains, and the formation of a Y 6 WO 12 core-Y 2 O 3 shell structure at 2300 °C, providing valuable insights for optimizing Y 2 O 3 composites for NTP applications.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
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2016
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IF 6.333
Fanli Meng,Yi Luo,Yali Zhou,Jinwen Zhang,Yanzhen Zheng,Guozhong Cao,Xia Tao
A plasmon-enhanced upconversion composite Y 2 O 3 :Er/Au@TiO 2 (SYE/A@T) with a three-dimensional starlike morphology is prepared and then mixed with submicron TiO 2 (200 nm) to form a multifunctional scattering layer in TiO 2 -based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In such starlike micronsized upconverter, Au nanoparticle-assisted plasmon effect can intensify the upconversion emission of Y 2 O 3 :Er, and simultaneously TiO 2 coating can improve the charge transport within SYE/A@T. Therefore, the SYE/A@T shows extended light-absorbing range to near-infrared region and improved light-scattering ability, leading to an improved photovoltaic performance of DSSCs. With the optimum mixing ratio, a conversion efficiency of 8.62% is attained, which is a significant improvement of 27.6% compared with the cell without adding SYE/A@T. Our work provides a feasible strategy to prepare an upconversion composite with plasmon-enhanced emission and enable this composite to accommodate the DSSCs system and improve the conversion efficiency of DSSCs.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光伏技术
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纳米光学
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能源材料
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表面等离激元
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高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
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2019
·Vol. 7
·期 24
·7378-7385
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IF 6.641
Leipeng Li,Feng Qin,Lu Li,Hong Gao,Zhiguo Zhang
Highly sensitive optical thermal sensing is achieved here based on the three-photon upconversion luminescence of Y2O3:Yb3+,Er3+ nano-thermometers. In the temperature range of 303–783 K, the 4G11/2 and 2H9/2 energy levels of Er3+ ion embedded in Y2O3 nanocrystals are found to be thermally linked. The 4G11/2–4I15/2 and 2H9/2–4I15/2 transitions’ intensity ratio thus satisfies the Boltzmann distribution. It is demonstrated that the relative sensitivity, on the basis of this ratio for temperature measurement, is as high as 2.05% K−1 at 303 K. It is, to the best of our knowledge, the maximum thermal sensitivity reported so far for the 4G11/2–4I15/2 and 2H9/2–4I15/2 transitions in various hosts. Moreover, this sensitivity is larger than all previously reported values that depend on the luminescence of the Er3+ ion. What's more, this value is also among the highest sensitivities achieved based on other thermally linked states of rare earth ions. As an added benefit, it has been shown that the single 2H9/2–4I15/2 transition can also be used for optical thermal sensing and its relative sensitivity is up to 1.27% K−1 at 783 K, which is 2.9 times the theoretical maximum sensitivity of ratiometric thermal detection based on the thermally linked states of rare earth ions.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光学传感
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纳米技术
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光子学
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稀土离子
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高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
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IF 5.6
Zhigang Xu,Kaiping He,Meijuan Li,Lei Xue,Qiang Shen,Chuanbin Wang
Aluminum nitride (AlN) ceramics with superior thermal conductivity and flexural strength are crucial for advanced thermal management applications. However, the simultaneous achievement of these properties continues to pose significant challenges. In this study, novel ErH 2 -Y 2 O 3 composite additives were introduced to fabricate AlN ceramics, resulting in a synergistic enhancement of thermal conductivity and flexural strength. The effects of varying ErH 2 content in the composite additives on the phase composition, densification, microstructure, thermal conductivity, and flexural strength of hot-press sintered AlN ceramics were systematically evaluated and compared with pure AlN. The results revealed that the inclusion of ErH 2 facilitated an in-situ reduction reaction with oxygen-containing impurities (e.g., Al 2 O 3 ), thereby generating Er 2 O 3 . Compared to using Y 2 O 3 alone, this ErH 2 -mediated reaction further reduced the lattice oxygen content in AlN. Moreover, ErH 2 significantly enhanced the homogeneity of the AlN grains and purified the grain boundary. Optimal addition of additives effectively reduced the lattice oxygen content and promoted the formation of isolated fine secondary phases. When the composite additives contained 2 wt% ErH 2 and 2 wt% Y 2 O 3 , the thermal conductivity and flexural strength of the AlN ceramics reached the peak value of 188.07 ± 7.37 W·m -1 ·K -1 and 378.22 ± 11.49 MPa, respectively. The enhancement of thermal conductivity by 22.65 % and flexural strength by 16.62 % relative to the sample with only Y 2 O 3 added.
研究领域:
材料科学
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陶瓷与复合材料
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热管理材料
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
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2025
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IF 6.2
Xiao-Yu Zhang,Wen-Lin Li,Zhi-Hao Ma,Sheng Li,Wei-Wei Yan,Li Li,Xing-Shun Cong,Xian-Yong Wei,Zhi-Xin Li
The reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction represents a critical pathway for CO 2 valorization into syngas for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and renewable energy storage. Although Co-based catalysts offer an economical and efficient solution, their application is affected by CO 2 methanation reaction and carbon deposition, resulting in limitations that are difficult to balance between activity, selectivity and stability. This work provides an effective approach to enhance the RWGS reaction performance over Co-based supported catalysts through Y 2 O 3 morphology engineering (nanoplates/NP, nanorods/NR, nanospheres/NS). Remarkably, Co/Y 2 O 3 -NR catalyst demonstrates exceptional, CO 2 conversion (57.1 %), CO selectivity (99.3 %) and stability compared to Co/Y 2 O 3 -NP and Co/Y 2 O 3 -NS catalysts at 600 °C. Systematic characterization reveals that Y 2 O 3 -NR exhibits optimal Co dispersion, moderate metal-support interaction and preferential CO 2 adsorption, resulting in its outstanding catalytic activity. Crucially, spatially segregated carbon deposition preserves active sites across Co/Y 2 O 3 catalysts, enhancing the catalytic stability. These findings establish Y 2 O 3 morphology engineering as an exemplary support material and provide mechanistic insights for designing high-performance Co-based supported catalysts in RWGS reaction via morphological engineering.
研究领域:
催化化学
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材料科学
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化学工程
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能量转换
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环境化学
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高影响因子
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
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2023
·Vol. 220
·期 13
·2300087
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IF 2
Zhou Zou,Dengwei Zhang,Arun Murali,Chaoyi Chen,Li Liu,Yuanpei Lan,Junshan Zhang,Fengyuan Liu,Zhiyao Chu,Deyang Ning,Junqi Li
Herein, size-controllable spherical yttrium carbonate powders with D 50 in range from 225 to 743 nm are synthesized from Y(NO 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O and urea. With the rise of the concentration ratio of urea/Y 3+ , temperature, and extension of aging time, diameter of yttrium carbonate spheres increases. When the urea/Y 3+ is 40: 1 and ages for 4 h at 90 °C, the D 50 of synthesized powder, which has been determined as Y(OH)CO 3 ·1.3H 2 O, has the largest D 50 of 743 nm with (D 90 –D 10 )/2D 50 of 0.22. After decomposition, the D 50 of formed Y 2 O 3 decreases to 632 nm, the (D 90 –D 10 )/2D 50 is 0.24, and the D 50 of Y 2 O 3 is in the range of 126–632 nm. Then, 6 mol. % Eu 3+ is homogeneously doped into Y(OH)CO 3 ·1.3H 2 O and Y 2 O 3 : Eu 3+ spherical powder is obtained after roasting, which exhibits a strong emission peak at 613 nm. The developed synthetic method and the obtained size-controllable spherical Y(OH)CO 3 ·1.3H 2 O, Y 2 O 3 , and Y 2 O 3 : Eu 3+ with a uniform size distribution own various potential applications.
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高影响因子
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
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2022
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IF 1.279
Tao Li,Hongjun Kang,Songtao Lu,Wei Qin,Xiaohong Wu
As space exploration moves further and further into deep space, it is a big challenge to develop antistatic inorganic thermal control coating with lightweight and strong adhesion to substrates. Herein, this work reported an inorganic antistatic AZO/Al 2 O 3 -ZnO-Y 2 O 3 composite coating fabricated by PEO combined with ALD methods. The results show that when the Zn/Al ratio of deposited AZO film is 24:1, its overall performance is the optimal, and the emissivity, absorptivity and resistivity are 0.892, 0.409 and 1.15 × 10 –3 Ω·cm, respectively, which can meet thermal control application requirements of spacecraft. Furthermore, the AZO/Al 2 O 3 -ZnO-Y 2 O 3 composite coating shows a good electron-resistance irradiation performance, which is because AZO conductive film is easy to generate free carriers, speed up some electron transport and make electrons better disperse and conduct, thus reducing the penetration depth of electron irradiation. This work provides a material basis for thermal control system of spacecraft with long life and high reliability.
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高影响因子
Additive Manufacturing
·
2022
·
IF 11.632
Meng Li,Hai-Lu Huang,Jia-Min Wu,Ya-Ru Wu,Zhang-Ao Shi,Jing-Xian Zhang,Yu-Sheng Shi
It is difficult to form Si 3 N 4 ceramics by DLP technology owing to the high refractive index and high ultraviolet (UV) absorption of Si 3 N 4 powder. In this paper, the Si 3 N 4 ceramics were successfully fabricated by DLP technology using Si 3 N 4 powder coated with Al 2 O 3 -Y 2 O 3 sintering additives. The effects of the coating amount of sintering additives on the properties of Si 3 N 4 ceramic slurry , green bodies and parts after sintering were systematically studied. When Al(NO 3 ) 3 and Y(NO 3 ) 3 solutions were added at a content of 20 mL/100 g Si 3 N 4 , the slurry with lowest viscosity (0.042 Pa·s at a shear rate of 30 s −1 ) and a higher monolayer curing depth (47.9 ± 1.2 µm) was obtained, the relative density and flexural strength of the Si 3 N 4 ceramics reached maximum values at 85.4% ± 0.3% and 149.2 ± 1.9 MPa. The shrinkage of the Si 3 N 4 ceramics remained almost unchanged after coating Al 2 O 3 -Y 2 O 3 sintering additives. Finally, the Si 3 N 4 ceramics with excellent quality and clear outline were well prepared. This research has laid a certain experimental basis for DLP forming Si 3 N 4 and other non-oxide ceramics, which is of great researching significance.
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高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2019
·
IF 3.45
Yihang Fang,Nan Chen,Guoping Du,Mengxian Zhang,Xianrui Zhao,Jianbo Wu
The aim of this study was to improve the mechanical properties of Al 2 O 3 ceramics by the addition of Y 2 O 3 -stabilized ZrO 2 whiskers (designated as Al 2 O 3 /YSZ W composite) through the flux method and hot-pressing technology. The effect of YSZ W content on their microstructure , phase composition and transformability, mechanical properties, and wear resistance was systematically investigated. The Al 2 O 3 /YSZ W composites containing 10 wt% YSZ W exhibited the best mechanical performance, including the highest content of YSZ W tetragonal phase and transformability as well as the largest values in their relative density (99.5%), hardness (1969 HV), fracture toughness (9.57 MPa m 1/2 ) and flexural strength (855 MPa). The strengthening and toughening of the Al 2 O 3 /YSZ W composites were attributed to the YSZ W tetragonal-monoclinic phase transformation as well as the whiskers reinforcing effect. Furthermore, the Al 2 O 3 /YSZ W composites also showed the highest friction and wearing properties.
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高影响因子
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
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2021
·
IF 3.927
Yihang Dong,Xiangnan Wang,Ye Han,Shuyu Yao
{(ZrO 2 ) 0.92 (Y 2 O 3 ) 0.08 } 1- x (CuO) x (ZYC) synthesized by the co-precipitation method with different stoichiometry ( x =0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) are evaluated through thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrical conductivity using an electrochemical workstation and the effects of CuO doping content on the above properties are researched, respectively. The results are discussed in terms of the potential as diffusion barrier material to be applied in diffusion barrier limiting current oxygen sensors application at temperatures from 500 to 850 °C. Results derived from TG-DSC shows that the weight loss of the sample is mainly due to the decomposition of the precursor, forming ZYC above ~600 °C. XRD analysis shows that the ZYC sample is a cubic phase and the CuO doping is benefit to the crystallinity of ZYC. The electrical conductivity results indicate that the total conductivity decreases for ZYC1 but then increases with the increase of CuO doping content and reaches the maximum total conductivity of 2.02 × 10 −1 S cm −1 at 850 °C and the activation energy ( E a ) is 0.93 eV for ZYC3.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Coatings
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 9
·1110
·
IF 3.4
Maomao Guo,Zhigang Wang,Min Xie,Rende Mu,Xiwen Song,Yonghe Zhang,Ting Wang
The corrosion resistance of electron-beam physical vapor-deposited (EB-PVD) zirconia thermal-barrier coatings depends on ceramic phase stability. Here, conventional 8YSZ and two Sc2O3-Y2O3co-stabilized ZrO2coatings, ScYSZ and ScYSZ with an Al-rich interlayer (ScYSZA), were comparatively investigated under three chloride-containing environments: NaCl (N) corrosion, high-temperature Na2SO4-NaCl (NN) corrosion, and Na2SO4-NaCl-V2O5(NNV) corrosion. Phase evolution and microstructural degradation were examined by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Under N exposure, the ceramic top coats largely retained the tetragonal t′-ZrO2phase, whereas degradation was concentrated near the ceramic/bond-coat interface. NN corrosion caused limited bulk phase transformation. The most pronounced degradation occurred under NNV exposure, particularly in 8YSZ, where extensive YVO4formation and progressive t′→m transformation were accompanied by substantial disruption of the columnar ceramic structure. After 100 h of NNV corrosion, 8YSZ contained only 23.7 wt.% t′-ZrO2. In contrast, ScYSZ and ScYSZA retained 82.6 and 84.4 wt.% t′-ZrO2, respectively, confirming the superior phase stability and corrosion resistance of the ScYSZ-based coatings, particularly ScYSZA. These results demonstrate that chloride-containing environments produce distinct degradation pathways involving interfacial oxidation, corrosive-species ingress, and phase destabilization, highlighting the importance of integrating ceramic composition with coating architecture to improve the durability of EB-PVD thermal-barrier coatings.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2025
·
IF 6.3
Yaowu Wei,Xiujuan Wang,Yuan Chen,Wenguo Zhang,Junfeng Chen
The effect of Ca(OH) 2 and Zr(OH) 4 on the sintering behavior and thermal shock resistance of Y 2 O 3 ceramics were investigated in this study. The results showed that Ca(OH) 2 enhanced the densification of Y 2 O 3 ceramics. CaO generated from the decomposition of Ca(OH) 2 reacted with Y 2 O 3 to form a solid solution. The substitution of Ca 2 + for Y 3+ created V O ∙ ∙ that facilitated substance migration and pore elimination. Conversely, the introduction of Zr(OH) 4 exerted an adverse effect on the sintering. ZrO 2 produced by the decomposition of Zr(OH) 4 formed a solid solution with Y 2 O 3 which inhibited the sintering of Y 2 O 3 ceramics, where Zr 4+ primarily enhanced lattice stability rather than promoting sintering. The O i ′ ′ created by the substitution of Zr 4+ for Y 3+ reduced cation diffusion and hindered grain boundary migration. The mechanisms by which two types of additives affect the thermal shock stability of Y 2 O 3 ceramics are different. The Zr(OH) 4 -doped ceramics demonstrated better thermal shock resistance owing to their higher porosity, which changed energy release pathway and increased the resistance to crack propagation. In comparison, the improvement in the Ca(OH) 2 -doped ceramics mainly originated from the enhanced mechanical properties, which would suppressed crack initiation and delayed failure under thermal stress.
研究领域:
材料科学
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陶瓷
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热学性能
·
烧结技术
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）