MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 5.2
Yi Duan,Meilin Liu,Dianhui Men,Yiyao Luo,Xuhui Xia,Li Wang,Fei Deng,Danqun Huo,Changjun Hou
CA15–3 is a vital biomarker for monitoring and evaluating treatment efficacy in breast cancer patients, especially those with advanced-stage disease. Conventional immunoassays face limitations, including high cost, limited sensitivity, and dependence on potentially error-prone single-fluorescence signal outputs. To address these challenges, we designed a dual-signal-emitting sensor based on CdTe quantum dots@ZIF-8 nanomaterials, incorporating both the CRISPR/Cas12a system and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) technology. The binding of CA15–3 to its specific aptamer inhibits the CHA cascade reaction, thereby preventing the generation of double-stranded DNA activators necessary to initiate Cas12a-mediated trans-cleavage activity. As a result, FAM-ssDNA is extensively adsorbed onto the CdTe QDs@ZIF-8 surface, where efficient electron transfer effectively quenches its fluorescence. The incorporation of the aptamer facilitates dual-signal amplification through both the CHA and CRISPR/Cas12a systems, achieving a detection limit of 0.131 U/mL. This dual-signal output mechanism provides the system with an internal reference function, thereby significantly improving the reliability of the results. Overall, this work establishes a novel tumor biomarker detection platform that combines high sensitivity with excellent robustness.
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BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
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2026
·
IF 2.5
Chunhui Shan,Qi Bing,Gang Qiu,Hui Zhang,Yingmin Chen
Galectin-3 disrupts microglial P2X7R/MerTK balance after stroke • ERK/ROS/BRD4 axis mediates Gal-3-induced P2X7R upregulation • Gal-3 promotes cGAS-STING inflammation and apoptosis via HIF1α/P2X7R • TD-139 restores P2X7R/MerTK balance and reduces cerebral infarction • Targeting Gal-3 improves motor, cognitive, and grip strength in MCAO rats This study demonstrates that Galectin-3 (Gal3) exacerbates cerebral infarction progression by modulating the P2X7R/MerTK equilibrium in microglia via the ERK/BRD4/HIF1α signaling axis, with reactive oxygen species (ROS) serving as a potential intermediate mediator linking ERK activation to BRD4 upregulation based on prior literature evidence. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis revealed that ischemia drives microglia from a homeostatic state to an activated disease phenotype, and virtual Gal3 knockout predicted corresponding downregulation of BRD4. Using a rat model of cerebral infarction, we found that the Gal3 inhibitor TD-139 significantly reduced infarct volume, promoted M2 polarization of microglia, and improved neurological function in behavioral assays. Mechanistic investigations in BV2 microglia revealed that Gal3 activates ERK1/2, leading to ROS accumulation, BRD4 upregulation, and subsequent HIF1α-mediated P2X7R transcription, while suppressing KLF4 and MerTK. This cascade increased P2X7R expression and suppressed MerTK/KLF4 expression, generating a pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic microenvironment. Notably, pharmacological inhibition of Gal3 enhanced efferocytosis and reduced apoptosis, whereas P2X7R blockade exerted similar neuroprotective effects. These findings identify Gal3 as a key regulator of microglial polarization via the experimentally validated ERK/BRD4/HIF1α-P2X7R signaling cascade, where P2X7R activation concurrently triggers cGAS-STING-mediated pro-inflammatory/pyroptotic responses and suppresses the KLF4/MerTK efferocytosis axis. Targeting this regulatory network could provide therapeutic benefits in cerebral infarction by shifting microglia toward the neuroprotective M2 phenotype and facilitating inflammation resolution. Targeting this pathway could provide therapeutic benefits in cerebral infarction by shifting microglia toward the neuroprotective M2 phenotype and facilitating inflammation resolution. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test for multiple comparisons; P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
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Frontiers in Immunology
·
2026
·
IF 7
Jianlong Li,Zhe Li,Pengran Wang,Zhian Jiang
PurposeMyocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is characterized by myocardial cell death and exacerbated inflammatory responses that seriously affect cardiac function and patient prognosis. Limonin is a natural compound extracted from citrus fruits and has various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, the role and mechanism of action of limonin in myocardial I/R injury remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of action of limonin on myocardial cell pyroptosis and inflammatory responses in mouse myocardial I/R injury.MethodsBy analyzing the GSE225105 dataset in the Gene Expression Omnibus database, differentially expressed genes in I/R injury were screened and combined with the target genes of limonin in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. In the in vitro experiments, The oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was used to simulate I/R injury in in vitro experiments.ResultsLimonin significantly inhibited OGD/R-induced pyroptosis and the release of inflammatory factors in AC16 myocardial cells, and these effects could be reversed by the caspase-3/gasdermin E (GSDME) pathway activator triclabendazole. Using in vivo experiments, we established a myocardial I/R model in C57BL/6 mice and found that limonin pretreatment improved cardiac function-related indicators, reduced myocardial tissue damage and inflammatory responses, inhibited apoptosis, and reduced myocardial fibrosis. This mechanism is closely related to the inhibition of caspase-3/GSDME pathway activation.ConclusionThis study revealed the protective effects of limonin in reducing myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting the caspase-3/GSDME pathway, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the development of limonin-based myocardial protection strategies.
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Biotechnology Journal
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2026
·Vol. 21
·期 4
·e70225
·
IF 3.7
Heng Tang,Tian-Tian Guo,Jin-xing Zhong,Ze-Yu Wu,Xiao-Yu Duan,Yu-Ze Sun,Ya-Ping Xue,Yu-Guo Zheng
The Bamberger rearrangement is a key route to functionalized aminophenols that are widely used in pharmaceutical synthesis. Hydroxylaminobenzene mutase (HabM) catalyzes a Bamberger-type isomerization in the biosynthesis of the Pranlukast intermediate 3-amino-2-hydroxyacetophenone (3AHAP), but its low catalytic efficiency and unknown structure have limited rational improvement. Here, we combine AI-assisted phylogenetic mining, structural elucidation, protein engineering, and metabolic coordination to enhance 3AHAP biosynthesis. Deep learning–guided screening identified the NR Bh -HabM Eo pair as the most effective combination, substantially outperforming previously reported systems. Using an integrated dry-wet strategy involving homology template search, spectroscopy, mutagenesis, Size-Exclusion-Chromatography analysis, and AlphaFold3-assisted modeling, we reveal that HabM Eo is a Fe-dependent tetramer. Rational mutagenesis supported by molecular dynamics simulations yielded a synergistic triple mutant with improved pocket dynamics, optimized Fe-substrate positioning, and markedly enhanced catalytic efficiency. To alleviate reductive limitations, NAD kinase was introduced to strengthen NADPH cycling; however, increased upstream flux led to intermediate accumulation and by-product formation. This was overcome by implementing a RIAD/RIDD-based scaffold to spatially organize NR, HabM, GDH, and NADK, thereby promoting intermediate channeling and suppressing over-reduction. Overall, this study elucidates the structure of HabM and established a successful paradigm for optimizing complex multi-enzyme cascades for sustainable production of high-value biopharmaceutical intermediates.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2026
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IF 6.7
Xiaokun Li,Jiejun Ren,Lina Chen,Xianbao Duan,Zhanhui Zhang
Mn 2+ -doped dual-emission luminescent materials have recently attracted significant interest. However, the distribution of Mn 2+ ions is highly dependent on the host crystal structure, the lattice sites, and the doping concentration. How to analyze and clarify the dual-emission mechanism of Mn 2+ has become a major challenge; thus, this work synthesized NaZr 2 (PO 4 ) 3 : Mn 2+ phosphate phosphors and systematically investigated their doping behavior and luminescence mechanisms. The synthesized NaZr 2 (PO 4 ) 3 : Mn 2+ phosphate phosphors exhibited dual broadband emission centered at 480 nm and 565 nm, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed the existence of different Mn doping configurations and their corresponding formation energies. The results revealed that at low concentrations, the Mn ions (Mn1) preferentially substitute Na sites; while at high concentrations, the later Mn ions (Mn2) substitutes Zr sites and interact with pre-existing Mn1 to form Mn-Mn dimer. Notably, the emission spectra of the phosphors were sensitive to both Mn 2+ doping concentration and excitation wavelength. The Commission Internationale de l′Éclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates could be tuned within the range of (0.2463, 0.3478) to (0.4128, 0.4733), enabling adjustable luminescence from cyan to yellow. Furthermore, leveraging the dual-wavelength emission and high contrast characteristics of this phosphor, we fabricated an anti-counterfeiting dot matrix displaying the information "WIT" via ASCII code and achieved clear fingerprint visualization. This work clarifies the doping site preference of Mn 2+ and the underlying mechanism of dual luminescence, paving the way for the applications of transition metal phosphors in fields such as information encryption and fingerprint visualization.
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ChemistrySelect
·
2026
·Vol. 11
·期 8
·e07116
·
IF 2.3
Xiongtao Yu,Haiping Xu,Rui Wang,Feng Zhou,Chunmin Yang
In this manuscript, Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) and a nanospherical conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) were prepared and then modified on the surface of screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) to construct an electrochemical sensor for high sensitivity and rapid detection of 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ). The preparation process of the materials and electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and electrochemical impedance (EIS), and the test conditions were optimized. Under optimal conditions, the oxidation peak current of AOZ and the concentrations show a wider linear relationship in the ranges of 1.0×10 −8 ∼1.0×10 −6 and 1.0×10 −6 ∼ 1.0×10 −4 mol/L ( R 1 2 = 0.996, R 2 2 = 0.998), respectively, and a lower detection limit which is as low as 3.3×10 −9 mol/L (S/N = 3) compared to existing methods. The reason for this result may be that CMP exhibited abundant porous structures and numerous active sites, which could significantly improve response sensitivity; AuNPs also possess high specific surface area and make the diffusion and transport of electrolyte ions easier. CMP-AuNPs nanocomposites greatly improved the electron transport rate, signal intensity and electroactive surface of SPCE, thereby improving the sensitivity of the sensor. It is worth noting that the sensor also has strong anti-interference ability, stability, and reproducibility. When applied to detect AOZ in real samples, it also showed good recovery rate. Compared with HPLC-MS/MS, the sensor also obtained good accuracy and consistency, which has great application potential for rapid on-site analysis and detection in animal-derived food not only for AOZ but also for Furazolidone (FZD).
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Environmental Technology & Innovation
·
2026
·
IF 7.3
Wenjie Wang,Xulong Fan,Yaquan Cao,Ruolin Shi,Ping Wang,Gaofeng Liang
Benzophenone-3 (BP-3), a common ultraviolet (UV) filter widely used in sunscreens, has raised increasing concern because early-life exposure may interfere with normal neurodevelopment. In this study, we fabricated a 3D inverse-opal polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) scaffold and established a scaffold-supported brain organoid model for in vitro evaluation of BP-3-induced neurotoxicity. The scaffold was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed a highly ordered porous morphology with uniform pore size. It also showed good biocompatibility for organoid culture. BP-3 exposure induced concentration- and time-dependent toxicity in brain organoids, with more pronounced effects observed at 50 and 100 μM after 72 h of exposure. Under these defined exposure conditions, BP-3 was associated with increased oxidative stress, calcium-related functional changes, impaired membrane integrity, increased cytotoxicity, reduced expression of synaptic structural markers, and altered Wnt/β-catenin-related protein expression. These findings suggest that BP-3 exposure may disrupt early neurodevelopment-related processes in this model and is associated with synaptic-related alterations and Wnt/β-catenin dysregulation. Overall, this study supports the applicability of scaffold-supported brain organoids as an in vitro platform for evaluating BP-3-induced neurotoxic responses under controlled experimental conditions.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 6.7
Bin Ma,Xuehui Guo,Huibing Chi,Jiafeng Niu,Xiaoyu Zhu,Juan Shen,Hao Zhu,Ping Zhu,Fengxia Lu,Yanzi Zhou
Aldo-keto reductase AKR13B3 catalyzes the reduction of 3-keto-deoxynivalenol (3-keto-DON) to nontoxic 3-epi-DON, thereby alleviating mycotoxin contamination in food and feed. However, the previously reported AKR13B3 mutant AKR-V3 exhibited high catalytic activity but poor thermostability, restricting its industrial application. Here, guided by molecular dynamics flexibility analysis and consensus sequence design, we engineered the variant M5 with markedly improved thermostability. M5 showed a 38.3-fold longer half-life at 60 °C and retained slightly enhanced catalytic efficiency. Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations revealed that M5 possessed a lower activation barrier than AKR-V3, which explained its superior activity retention under high-temperature conditions. Moreover, structural analyses and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations further demonstrated that the enhanced thermostability of M5 stemmed from reinforced hydrogen bonding, increased hydrophobic packing, elevated structural rigidity, and optimized surface electrostatic potential. This work provides an effective strategy for designing thermostable detoxification enzymes to eliminate mycotoxins in industrial applications.
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POLYMER
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2026
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IF 5.1
Chang Liu,Yuming Cui,Yunbo Mo,Qian Xu,Kai Wang,Jianwu Lan,Shaojian Lin
Commercial poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), a biodegradable aromatic–aliphatic copolyester, is considered a promising alternative to conventional plastics in various fields. However, its relatively low mechanical strength and low glass transition temperature (T g ) often restricts broader applications. In this study, bio-based 1,3-propanediol (PDO) was employed to completely replace 1,4-butanediol in PBAT, and a series of poly(trimethylene terephthalate- co -trimethylene adipate) (PPAT) copolyesters were synthesized via melt polycondensation. Structural characterization confirmed the targeted copolyester compositions and random chain segments (R ≈ 1), with intrinsic viscosities of 0.89-1.01 dL/g. Crystallographic analysis revealed that the crystallinity of PPATs varied with the adipic acid/dimethyl terephthalate molar ratio while preserving a monoclinic crystal structure. Notably, PPAT55 exhibited a significantly higher T g (−7.8 °C) than PBAT (−26.1 °C), and all copolyesters showed good thermal stability for melt processing. Importantly, PPAT55 fibers achieved a tensile strength of 0.71 cN/dtex after threefold drawing, representing a 51.06% enhancement over PBAT fibers. Furthermore, the increased aliphatic segment content promoted by hydrolytic susceptibility, as demonstrated by enzymatic degradation tests, with PPAT55 showing a 9.93% mass loss after 42 days, demonstrating satisfactory biodegradability comparable to PBAT. The degradation mechanism was further elucidated at the molecular level through theoretical calculations. This work provides a feasible strategy for developing high-performance sustainable polyester materials with good spinnability.
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Biosensors-Basel
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 6
·354
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IF 5.6
Fengli Gao,Lin Liu,Cancan He,Yong Chang,Weiqiang Wang
Nanoquenchers with a single quenching cofactor exhibit limited fluorescence quenching efficiency. In this work, a metal–organic hybrid with dual quenching cofactors (Cu2+and pyrroloquinoline quinone or PQQ) was prepared by metal-coordinated assembly and used as a nanoquencher for a protease assay with enhanced quenching efficiency. The peptide substrate with an oligohistidine (His6) tag was labeled with a fluorophore. Caspase-3 was determined as a protease example. The substrate was attached onto the surface of the Cu-PQQ nanoquencher by a metal coordination interaction between the unsaturated Cu2+on the nanoparticle surface and the His6tag in the peptide. The cleavage of the peptide substrate by enzymatic hydrolysis led to the release of a fluorophore-conjugated segment from the nanoquencher surface, thus turning on the fluorescence. The nanoprobe was used to determine caspase-3 with a linear range of 0.01–5 ng/mL and a detection limit of 7 pg/mL. Furthermore, the method was used to evaluate inhibition efficiency and monitor drug-induced cell apoptosis. In contrast to other means of peptide immobilization, such as physical adsorption and covalent coupling, the strategy based on the metal coordination interaction is simple and powerful, thereby achieving assays of caspase-3 activity in lysates with a satisfactory result. The work should be valuable for the design of nanoquenchers with multiple quenching cofactors and the development of novel biosensors.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Da-Yuan Wang,Jing Li,Xiao-Han Tian,Siyu Zhang,Yao Chen,Feihe Ma,Henk.J. Busscher,Jing Shen,Linqi Shi
Light-activatable CO-generating molecules such as 3-hydroxyflavone (3-HF) derivates, are water-insoluble, which limits their applicability for infectious biofilm control. Here, a 3-HF-modified type of D-alanine (3-HFD) was coupled with hexadecyltrimethylammonium-bromide (CTAB) to self-assemble into water-suspensible, hydrophilic nanoparticles. Self-assembled 3-HFD nanoparticles did not generate CO upon visible-light irradiation, but dynamically disassembled upon metabolic-incorporation in bacterial cell-wall peptidoglycan of Gram-positive and Gram-negative periodontal pathogens, leaving molecular 3-HFD inside the cell-wall that generated CO upon visible-light irradiation. In vitro , visible-light irradiation of aerobic Staphylococcus aureus and anaerobic Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms in presence of 3-HFD nanoparticles yielded CO-generation with strong antibiofilm activity under atmospheric oxygen conditions and in a nitrogen atmosphere. 3-HFD nanoparticles were subsequently applied for treatment of ligature-induced periodontitis in specific-pathogen-free rats with P. gingivalis inoculated, periodontal pockets. Irrigation with nanoparticle suspensions and visible-light irradiation of P. gingivalis infected periodontal pockets was demonstrated to yield in-pocket CO-generation. CO-generation improved bone-regeneration, modulated macrophages to attenuate immune-inflammation and reduced P. gingivalis colony-forming-unit counts, while hardly affecting total colony-forming-unit counts. This points to selective elimination of CO-susceptible pathogens and restoration of a healthy periodontal microbiome, as confirmed using 16S rRNA microbiome analyses. Herewith, an effective, non-surgical and non-antibiotic based three-in-one CO-based treatment of periodontitis is proposed.
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Antioxidants
·
2025
·Vol. 14
·期 10
·1256
·
IF 6.6
Jinfeng Guo,Yilin Sun,Kaiqi Gao,Haijie Zhao,Yue Su,Ying Zhao,Yu Zhang,Yujun Jiang
Ulcerative colitis (UC) with multifactorial etiology remains clinically challenging. While current pharmacotherapies alleviate symptoms, their long-term application is constrained by significant side effects.Lacticaseibacillus paracaseiJY062 postbiotic (Pa JY062) exerts multi-target therapeutic effects via integrated antioxidant, barrier repair, immunomodulatory and microbiota modulation for UC. Pa JY062 exhibited potent antioxidant capacity and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Caco-2 cells. In DSS-colitis mice, high-dose Pa JY062 (HP, 800 mg/kg) restored intestinal barrier integrity (Evans blue permeability: 0.0547 vs. 0.107,p< 0.01), enhanced antioxidant defenses (SOD: 9.43 vs. 5.5; GSH-Px: 62.74 vs. 40.94 U/mg protein,p< 0.01), and rebalanced Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg responses.LigiLactobacillus murinus(L. murinus) was enriched, whileBacteroides acidifaciens(B. acidifaciens) was diminished, SCFAs increased (acetate 2772.70 ± 21.08, propionate 669.84 ± 6.79, butyrate 324.14 ± 0.42 μg/g). Spearman correlations linkedL. murinusto barrier proteins (ZO-1/Occludin/E-cadherin), contrastingB. acidifaciens–inflammation associations. These findings revealed that Pa JY062 exerted multi-target therapeutic effects on UC, and offered a wider array of options for intestinal health. Pa JY062 represents a promising natural antioxidant-based strategy for UC management.
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