MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 19
·6827
·
IF 4.6
Jun Wang,Dongliang Liu,Shun Yuan,Bo Gao,Lin Cheng,Yu Zhang,Kaijia Chen,Aimin Chen,Lianbi Li
Plasmonic-enhanced photocatalysis using visible light is considered a promising strategy for pollution photodegradation. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive and quantitative understanding of the underlying mechanisms and interactions involved. In this study, we employed a two-step process to fabricate arrays of ZnO nanosheets decorated with Au nanoparticles (Au-ZnO NS). Various characterization techniques were used to examine the morphological, structural, and chemical properties of the fabricated Au-ZnO NS array. Furthermore, we systematically investigated the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under visible light irradiation using Au-ZnO NS arrays prepared with varying numbers of photochemical reduction cycles. The results indicated that as the number of photochemical reduction cycles increased, the photodegradation efficiency initially increased but subsequently decreased. Under visible light irradiation, the Au-ZnO NS array obtained via four cycles of photochemical reduction exhibits the highest photocatalytic degradation rate of methyl orange 0.00926 min−1, which is six times higher than that of the ZnO NS array. To gain a better understanding of the plasmonic effect on photodegradation performance, we utilized electromagnetic simulations to quantitatively investigate the enhancement of electric fields in the Au-ZnO NS array. The simulations clearly presented the nonlinear dependencies of electric field intensity on the distribution of Au nanoparticles and the wavelength of radiation light, leading to a nonlinear enhancement of hot electron injection and eventual plasmonic photodegradation. The simulated model, corresponding to four cycles of photochemical reduction, exhibits the highest electric field intensity at 550 nm, which can be attributed to its strong plasmonic effect. This work provides mechanistic insights into plasmonic photocatalysts for utilizing visible light and represents a promising strategy for the rational design of high-performance visible light photocatalysts.Keywords:Au nanoparticle decorated ZnO nanosheets arrays;visible light plasmon-enhanced photocatalysis;hot electron injection;electromagnetic simulations
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Defence Technology
·
2023
·
IF 5.1
Jialu Yang,Jiaheng Hu,Yinghua Ye,Jianbing Xu,Yan Hu,Ruiqi Shen
Self-destructing chips have promising applications for securing data. This paper proposes a new concept of energetic diodes for the first time, which can be used for self-destructive chips. A simple two-step electrochemical deposition method is used to prepare ZnO/CuO/Al energetic diode, in which N-type ZnO and P-type CuO are constricted to a PN junction. This paper comprehensively discusses the material properties, morphology, semiconductor characteristics, and exploding performances of the energetic diode. Experimental results show that the energetic diode has typical rectification with a turn-on voltage of about 1.78 V and a reverse leakage current of about 3 × 10 −4 A. When a constant voltage of 70 V loads to the energetic diode in the forward direction for about 0.14 s or 55 V loads in the reverse direction for about 0.17 s, the loaded power can excite the energetic diode exploding and the current rises to about 100 A. Due to the unique performance of the energetic diode, it has a double function of rectification and explosion. The energetic diode can be used as a logic element in the normal chip to complete the regular operation, and it can release energy to destroy the chip accurately.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 7.514
Xiaojing Li,Zeyue Ren,Ruijiao Wang,Lu Liu,Jie Zhang,Fanyi Ma,Md. Zaved Hossain Khan,Dongbao Zhao,Xiuhua Liu
The edible films composed of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), glycerol, mucilage from Chinese yam (DOM) and ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), were prepared by a casting method. To evaluate the applicability for food packaging, prepared films were characterised morphological, physical, rheological, mechanical and barrier properties, performed FT-IR, thermal analysis, and finally investigated the antibacterial activity and acute oral toxicity of films. The surface of films presented irregular arrangement with nanoparticles combined in the networks, suggesting the best “CMC to DOM weight ratio” of approximately 1:1 could provide a smooth surface. The films with 2.0 g ZnO-NPs presented antibacterial effects against both Gram-positive ( S. aureus) and Gram-negative ( E. coli ) bacteria. With the increase of DOM, the antibacterial rate dropped at 400 and 450 μL/mL. The film-forming solutions with higher ZnO-NPs content display shear-thinning properties and liquid-like behaviour. The edible films have a great potential to be used in application in food packaging.
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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
·
2021
·Vol. 50
·期 7
·3885-3896
·
IF 1.938
Sun Lili,Guo Yun,Fu Lixin,Hu Yao,Pan Shengsen,Huang Jian,Zhen Qiang
In this research, unique Tourmaline@ZnO micro-nano structure were constructed by surface-coating using uniform precipitation, with tourmaline particles as the inner core and nano-zinc oxide as the outer layer. In order to explore the optimized preparation conditions towards the highly efficient degradation of organic pollutant, the preparative experiments were implemented based on the two most crucial processing parameters: growth temperature and dosage of tourmaline. The structure, morphology and surface analysis of as-prepared core–shell composites were systemically characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, then the optical and optoelectrical properties were tested by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy and electrochemical performance. The photocatalysis performances were evaluated by selecting methyl orange as the model dye under the irradiation of a xenon lamp. In the case of a growth temperature of 100°C and tourmaline introduction amount of 3 wt.%, the correlated investigations confirmed that the hybrid tourmaline@nano-ZnO product achieved the most efficient degradation efficiency of 90% and the fastest reaction velocity of 0.8889 h −1 respectively within 2 h, with an enhancement of 9% and 36% compared to pure ZnO (the degradation rate was 81% and reaction rate was 0.6521 h −1 ). The tourmaline core was confirmed to make important contributions to the growth morphology and degradation performance of ZnO-based photocatalytic materials. The introduction of tourmaline will play a key role in the properties modification of metal oxide.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2021
·
IF 3.171
Xiao Zhao,Xuan Shi,Zhongshun Chen,Long Xu,Chengyi Dai,Yazhou Zhang,Xinwen Guo,Dongyuan Yang,Xiaoxun Ma
A series of ZnO-ZrO 2 solid solutions with different Zn contents were synthesized by the urea co-precipitation method, which were coupled with H-ZSM-5 zeolite to form bifunctional catalysts. As a new benzene alkylation reagent, syngas was used instead of methanol to realize the efficient conversion of syngas and benzene into toluene and xylene. A suitable ratio of ZnO-ZrO 2 led to the significant improvement in the catalytic performance, and a suitable amount of acid helped to increase the selectivity of toluene/xylene and reduce the selectivity of the by-products ethylbenzene and C 9 + aromatics. The highest benzene conversion of 89.2% and toluene/xylene selectivity of 88.7% were achieved over 10% ZnO-ZrO 2 &H-ZSM-5 (Si/Al = 23) at a pressure of 3 MPa and a temperature of 450 °C. In addition, the effect of the zeolite framework structure on product distribution was examined. Similar to the molecular dynamics of aromatic hydrocarbons , H-ZSM-5 zeolites comprise 10-membered-ring pores, which are beneficial to the activation of benzene; hence, the conversion of benzene is higher. H-ZSM-35 and H-MOR zeolites exhibited small eight-membered-ring channels, which were not conducive to the passage of benzene; hence, the by-product ethylbenzene exhibits a higher selectivity. The distance between the active centers of the bifunctional catalysts was the main factor affecting the catalytic performance, and the powder mixing method was more conducive to the conversion of syngas and benzene.
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Materials Chemistry Frontiers
·
2021
·Vol. 5
·期 12
·4746-4755
·
IF 6.482
Xiao Gong,Hang Jiang,Mengyan Cao,Zhihui Rao,Xiujian Zhao,Alberto Vomiero
Heavy-metal-free quantum dots (QDs) are promising luminophores for luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) because of environmental friendliness, which is essential for industrial applications. In order to keep high optical quality and inhibit aggregation-induced quenching, usually QDs can only be loaded at low concentration in a polymer optical waveguide material for LSCs, which significantly impairs the power conversion efficiency (PCE). Thus, it is a challenge to fabricate high-performance LSCs with high QD loading. Here, dual emission Eu-doped ZnO QDs with strong solid-state fluorescence are synthesized via a simple sol–gel method, which enables two characteristic photoluminescence peaks at 551 nm and 614 nm. Furthermore, Eu-doped ZnO QDs with dual fluorescence emission are for the first time reported to be applied in LSCs. The performance of LSCs can be influenced by the loading concentration of Eu-doped ZnO QDs in polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) films. The obtained external optical efficiency (ηopt) of the LSCs based on Eu-doped ZnO QDs can be relatively high (4.37%) compared to the reported LSCs with a similar area when the loading concentration of Eu-doped ZnO QDs is up to 13.2% because of both their high photoluminescence intensity and dual fluorescence emission. Our results demonstrate that dual emission Eu-doped ZnO QDs with strong solid-state fluorescence are promising candidates as luminophores for LSCs.
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Journal of CO2 Utilization
·
2021
·
IF 7.132
Jun Zhang,Shuai Shao,Desen Zhou,Quanlong Xu,Tielin Wang
Photocatalytic CO 2 reduction is considered as a potential route to solve the increasing energy crisis and greenhouse effect. However, CO 2 activation is still a big challenge because of the formidable electron transfer to CO 2 . Herein, an effective strategy was developed to facilitate CO 2 activation and reduction by in situ growth of ZnO nanowire arrays (ZnO NWAs) on the electronic-rich surface of three-dimensional (3D) N-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO). Thanks to the positive effects of 3D N-rGO, ZnO/N-rGO exhibits a significantly enhanced photocatalytic CO 2 reduction to CH 3 OH performance (CH 3 OH-production rate of 1.51 μmol h −1 g -1 ), which was ca . 2.3 and 4.7 times higher than that of the pristine ZnO and commercial ZnO, respectively. It is found that 3D N-rGO can work as a trifunctional co-catalyst to support the uniform growth of ZnO NWAs, effectively improve the separation of electron-hole pairs and act as CO 2 adsorption and reduction active sites. This work exhibits a facile method to prepare 3D N-rGO-based composite materials, and also demonstrates that N-rGO is a promising multifunctional co-catalyst for photoreduction of CO 2 .
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 138
·期 9
·49908
·
IF 2.52
Zhiqiang Du,Yang Chen,Martin Jensen,Ning Wang,Xianfeng Li,Xingxiang Zhang
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures have received widespread attention due to their unique structure and broad application possibilities, but high preparation costs and agglomeration limit their usage. In this article, low-cost and environmentally friendly cellulose and ZnCl 2 are used to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). Subsequently, multifunctional ZnO/polyacrylonitrile hybrid nanofiber mats (ZnO/PAN@NFMs) with mechanical stability suitable for large-scale application are prepared via solution blow-spinning. The synthesized ZnO/PAN@NFMs exhibit higher photodegradation of organic dyes than earlier reported semiconductors and good recycling performance with an organic dye degradation above 94%–98% after five cycles, which is ascribed to fixation of the ZnO NPs in the nanofibers. In addition, the inhibition rate for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is above 99.9% and the bacteriostatic rate against E. coli remains as high as 99% after 10 cycles. From these properties, the synthesized composite ZnO/PAN@NFMs are promising for wastewater cleaning and antibacterial fabrics.
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Nanomaterials
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 9
·1633
·
IF 4.324
Zhi Zhang,Zichuan Yi,Liming Liu,Jianjun Yang,Chongfu Zhang,Xinjian Pan,Feng Chi
Lithium-sulfur battery (LSB) will become the next generation energy storage device if its severe shuttle effect and sluggish redox kinetics can be effectively addressed. Here, a unique three-dimensional hollow reduced graphene oxide microsphere decorated with ZnO nanoparticles (3D-ZnO/rGO) is synthesized to decrease the dissolution of lithium polysulfide (LiPS) into the electrolyte. The chemical adsorption of ZnO on LiPS is combined with the physical adsorption of 3D-rGO microsphere to synergistically suppress the shuttle effect. The obtained 3D-ZnO/rGO can provide sufficient space for sulfur storage, and effectively alleviate the repeated volume changes of sulfur during the cycle. When the prepared S-3D-ZnO/rGO was used as the cathode in LSB, an initial discharge specific capacity of 1277 mAh g−1was achieved at 0.1 C. After 100 cycles, 949 mAh g−1can still be maintained. Even at 1 C, a reversible discharge specific capacity of 726 mAh g−1was delivered.Keywords:ZnO;graphene;spray drying;hollow structure;lithium-sulfur battery
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2020
·
IF 4.65
Kelin Hu,Feipeng Wang,Zijia Shen,Hongcheng Liu,Jianglin Xiong
In this paper, Pd/ZnO–SnO 2 hollow nanofibers prepared by electrospinning and magnetron sputtering . The sensing materials exhibited extraordinary hydrogen (H 2 ) sensing behavior – the response reached 171 at 270 °C, and besides, the response time and recovery time were as low as 19 s and less than 1 s at 240 °C, with steady high selectivity and good repeatability. Such an enhanced sensing performance could be attributed to the Pd/ZnO/SnO 2 ternary heterojunctions formed in the hollow nanofibers. Moreover, the materials were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and especially the morphology formation process was further explained. The existence of Pd was confirmed to increase the resistance modulation range of heterojunction. In addition, the gas sensing mechanism based on the structure was proposed.
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ANALYST
·
2020
·Vol. 146
·期 2
·605-611
·
IF 3.978
Jie Lv,Cong Zhang,Shuangling Wang,Meng Li,Wei Guo
Sensitive detection of copper ions (Cu2+) in biological samples is extremely important since an abnormal level of Cu2+ is linked with many diseases. Herein, we demonstrated a novel turn-on colorimetric sensor for selective detection of Cu2+ both in buffered solution and serum samples based on porous bimetallic transition metal oxide nanocages (ZnO-Co3O4 NCs) as peroxidase mimics. The ZnO-Co3O4 NCs were prepared by using ZnCo-zeolitic-imidazolate-framework (ZnCo-ZIF) as precursors via direct calcination. With the high peroxidase-like activity, the obtained ZnO-Co3O4 NCs can catalyze the oxidation of tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2 to form a blue colored product. The inhibition effect of cysteine (Cys) on the catalytic activity of ZnO-Co3O4 NCs and its strong binding ability toward Cu2+ enabled the ZnO-Co3O4 NCs/Cys system to be utilized for sensitive detection of Cu2+, in which the catalytic activity of ZnO-Co3O4 NCs/Cys can be recovered by the introduction of Cu2+ with an obvious color change of the solution. The linear range for Cu2+ determination was 2 to 100 nM with a detection limit of 1.08 nM. More importantly, this colorimetric sensor has been successfully applied to detect Cu2+ in serum without pretreatment. Our findings are expected to expand the scope of application of nanozyme and shed light on early disease diagnosis.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2020
·
IF 7.489
Changlin Li,Shangrong Chen,Xiangxiang Gao,Wei Zhang,Yanfang Wang
The photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance of ZnO is restricted by its low light absorption ability and high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers. In order to overcome these drawbacks, ZnO/CdS/CdSe heterostructures are prepared on Zn foil substrate using facile three-step methods containing hydrothermal growth, successive ionic layer adsorption reaction (SILAR) and modified chemical bath deposition (CBD). The effects of process parameters containing the number of SILAR cycles of CdS, sensitization sequence of CdS and CdSe, and precursors of CdSe on PEC performance of ZnO/CdS/CdSe heterostructures, and ZnO NRAs on PEC performance of CdS/CdSe co-sensitizer have been scrutinized. Through CdS and CdSe co-sensitization, a layer of CdS/CdSe nanofilm is conformally deposited on ZnO nanorod arrays (NRAs) observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Both the visible-light absorption ability and separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers of ZnO NRAs are significantly enhanced evidenced by UV–vis diffuse reflectance absorption spectra , photoluminescence (PL) spectra and electrochemical impedance spectra. Due to the synergistic effect of ZnO NRAs and CdS/CdSe co-sensitizer, the ZnO/CdS/CdSe heterostructures with five SILAR cycles and one modified CBD cycle (ZnO-CdS5-CdSe) show efficient PEC properties with photocurrent density of 6.244 mA/cm 2 at −0.2 V vs Ag/AgCl under light illumination of 100 mW/cm 2 , which are 57.28 and 4.73 times higher than those of pristine ZnO NRAs and CdS/CdSe clusters, respectively. Moreover, the photoconversion efficiency and incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of the ZnO-CdS5-CdSe photoanode reach 4.381% and 80.92%, respectively. The heterostructures based on Zn foil substrate in this study can be a promising candidate for practical PEC application and other applications such as photocatalytic degradation and solar cell due to its low manufacturing cost, large-scale production and efficient PEC ability.
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