Acta Biomaterialia
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2026
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IF 10.4
Hanrun Zheng,Wei Meng,Jianting Han,Maerziya Muhetaer,Qin Cao,Xiangdong Xue
Early-to-mid detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains challenging because clinically used amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) probes primarily visualize fibrillar β-amyloid (Aβ) deposits and require radioactive isotopes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers a radiation-free alternative, but its application in molecular AD diagnosis is limited by insufficient blood–brain barrier (BBB) penetration and poor specificity toward early-to-mid Aβ species. Here, we developed a BBB-crossing liposomal MRI probe, Lipo@D1D2-Gd, by integrating a natural Aβ oligomer-binding receptor domain with a gadolinium chelator. The extracellular D1D2 domains of human leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B2 (LilrB2), a neuronal receptor that recognizes neurotoxic Aβ oligomers, were recombinantly produced and bioorthogonally conjugated with a gadolinium chelator. The resulting D1D2-Gd retained its Aβ-binding capability and MRI contrast activity. To enable brain delivery, D1D2-Gd was encapsulated within maltose-functionalized PEGylated liposomes designed to facilitate BBB transport. After intravenous administration to 4-month-old 5xFAD mice, Lipo@D1D2-Gd crossed the BBB, accumulated in Aβ-rich brain regions, and generated MRI contrast enhancement that differentiated 5xFAD mice from wild-type controls. Systemic safety evaluation showed no obvious hematological, biochemical, or histological toxicity. This study establishes a receptor-derived, BBB-crossing biomaterial platform for radiation-free molecular imaging of early-to-mid AD-associated Aβ pathology. Statement of Significance 1) Promising Targeting Strategy: We repurposed a human-derived natural receptor domain (LilrB2 D1D2) as a targeting module for β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomers, a key pathogenic species in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). 2) Non-invasive MRI Approach: We constructed a liposomal probe designed to deliver the Gd-labeled targeting agent to the brain, enabling the detection of Aβ-associated pathology in 4-month-old 5xFAD mice via non-radioactive MRI , well before overt cognitive decline. 3) Experimental Validation: We demonstrate the probe's association with Aβ oligomers/plaques , effective BBB crossing, differences in MRI signals between AD model and wild-type mice, and an initially favorable biosafety profile, with no observed toxicity under the tested conditions. 4) Clinical Translation Potential: Our work presents a promising pathway toward a safe, accessible, and early-to-mid-stage AD screening tool , with the potential to facilitate population-wide screening and earlier therapeutic intervention. Download: Download high-res image (347KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies
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2026
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IF 6.9
Danli Wang,Le Jia,Shuaibing Shao,Fuping Zheng,Qinqin Chen,Jinyan Gong
Cold plasma (CP) promoted the complexation between chlorogenic acid (CA) and β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) as well as α-lactalbumin (α-LA). In the presence of chemical dissociants (SDS and urea), CP increased the bound CA content onto β-LG and α-LA by more than 4-fold, demonstrating tighter CA association. Molecular docking revealed hydrogen bonds as the dominant force for α-LA-CA binding, while hydrophobic interactions govern β-LG-CA combination. Reactive species produced during CP treatment were quantified. CP-induced complexes exhibited only a slight band shift in electrophoresis, and LC-MS analysis confirmed no covalent adducts existed within the complexes. Circular dichroism, FTIR, UV–vis, and fluorescence spectra, and surface hydrophobicity determination, demonstrated that CP effectively modified the secondary structure and surface microenvironment of proteins, leading to an increase in the binding of CA. Quantitative analyses of carbonyl groups, free sulfhydryl, and free amino groups confirmed mild protein oxidation induced by CP, exposing more binding sites for CA. Furthermore, owing to CP-induced protein modification and enhanced CA interaction, CP-induced complexes showed the larger particle size and zeta-potential, and superior antioxidant capacity. This study clarifies the non-covalent interaction mechanism of CP-induced β-LG/α-LA–CA complexes and provides a theoretical basis for the green preparation of high-performance functional biocomposites.
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JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
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2026
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IF 2.4
Yu Li,Zhi-Hao Yang,Yu-Tian Li,Long-Bin Zhang,Yi Guan
A novel β- N -acetylhexosaminidase (Hex2) affects fungal chitosan degradation. • Hex2 ensures proper accumulation of cell wall components in B. bassiana . • Positive role of Hex2 in fungal development and dimorphic transitions. • Negative contributions of Hex2 to oxidative-stress tolerance in B. bassiana . • Hex2 deletion prolongs median lethal time of insect larvae. Entomopathogenic fungi such as Beauveria bassiana represent promising alternatives to chemical pesticides, yet their morphogenesis and environmental adaptation depend critically on dynamic cell wall remodeling. Despite the essential role of β- N -acetylhexosaminidase (Hex) in cell wall decomposition, its potential contributions to fungal biocontrol remain unexplored. Here, we identified and functionally dissected a previously uncharacterized homology, Hex2. Notably, Hex2 deficiency led to irregular cell wall structure by elevating chitin, N -glycan contents and protein N -/ O -glycosylation levels within it. In addition, Δ Hex2 mutant exhibited impaired development, including defects in sporulation, germination, and dimorphic transitions. These developmental defects were likely attributed to aberrant accumulation of cell wall components rather than insufficient ATP production. More interestingly, losing Hex2 enhanced fungal tolerance to oxidative stress cues though upregulation of antioxidant enzyme activities. Despite heightened oxidative-stress resistance, Δ Hex2 mutant displayed significantly attenuated virulence against Galleria mellonella larvae, indicating that cell-wall disturbance and developmental defects might constitute the predominant causes of reduced pathogenicity. These findings provide the first insights into the multifaceted roles of intracellular β- N -acetylhexosaminidase Hex2 in B. bassiana , identifying a rational target for engineering insecticides with remained or even enhanced pesticidal efficacy. Download: Download high-res image (244KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Journal of Inflammation Research
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2026
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IF 4.6
Jianglong Chen,Yunfei Cui,Rujie Zhou,Yu Zhu,Meijia Chen,Jinhua Su,Jinhui Wang,Guang Li
Objective To explore the therapeutic effect and molecular mechanism of Arundina graminifolia (D.Don) Hochr (BYJ) on renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) mice.Methods Phytochemical profiles of the methanol extract BYJ were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS), while network pharmacology and molecular docking were employed to predict the core active components and therapeutic targets. For experimental validation, a CKD mouse model was established via adenine induction. Mice were randomly assigned to normal control, model, and three BYJ treatment groups (low-dose: 2 g/kg·d, middle-dose: 4 g/kg·d, and high-dose: 8 g/kg·d, crude drug equivalent). Assessments included renal function parameters, histopathological changes, inflammatory markers, and oxidative stress indicators. The associated molecular mechanisms were analyzed using immunohistochemistry staining and Western blot.Results In silico analysis identified five core targets—PIK3R1, AKT1, SRC, MTOR, and EGFR—and suggested esculetin as a key active component with strong binding affinity to these targets. Experimentally, BYJ administration significantly reduced in serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and the kidney index, and ameliorated glomerular atrophy and tubular dilation. Furthermore, BYJ treatment downregulated pro-inflammatory factors (eg, IL-1β), elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The intervention suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, as evidenced by the upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of α-SMA expression. Mechanistic verification indicated that BYJ treatment was associated with attenuated the overactivated of TGF-β/PI3K-AKT/mTOR pathway in renal tissues.Conclusion The methanolic extract of BYJ effectively attenuates CKD progression in mice, which is associated with by modulated the overactivation of the TGF-β/PI3K-AKT/mTOR pathway, inhibited the EMT process, and ameliorated inflammatory response and oxidative stress. These findings provide a preliminary theoretical basis for the development of BYJ as a potential candidate agent for CKD treatment.
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Current Computer-Aided Drug Design
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2026
·Vol. 22
·期 3
·180-194
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IF 1.5
Siluo Wu,Jiayang Wang,Ziheng Luo,Bifeng Li,Liangliang Xu,Liuchao Hu,Rihe Hu
Background Qi-Gui-Jian-Gu decoction (QGJG), as a clinical empirical formula, has clinical benefits in promoting bone formation, but the underlying mechanism for its application in treating fractures has not been investigated. Methods The potential therapeutic target and signaling pathway of QGJG for treating fractures were analyzed by network pharmacology. In vitro, we used bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to evaluate osteogenic differentiation and mineralization by alizarin red staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot (WB), and immunofluorescence staining. In vivo, the 8w male SPF C57BL/6J mouse femoral fracture model was constructed, and the therapeutic effects of QGJG were evaluated. Results and Discussion By network pharmacology analysis, we found that glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) was a potential therapeutic target of QGJG for treating fractures. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway was selected as the potential molecular mechanism. QGJG was confirmed to upregulate the mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), thereby promoting osteogenic differentiation and mineralization. Mechanistically, QGJG inhibited GSK3β while increasing p-Ser9-GSK3β to increase β-catenin protein expression and its nuclear translocation, implying the activation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. In vivo, QGJG administration promoted fracture healing, as demonstrated by the up-regulation of OPN and Osx, and accelerated the progression of ossification at 2 and 3 weeks after surgery. Conclusion QGJG promotes osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing by activating the canonical Wnt pathway.
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LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 7.1
Lingli Zhong,Ying Wang,Kai Yang,Wenming Chang,Xue Gao,Manqi Peng,Xianfeng Ye,Yanling Ji,Yiting Jing,Jie Bai,Lei Zhang,Zhengguang Zhang,Yan Huang,Zhongli Cui,Zhoukun Li
A novel GH26 β-mannanase ( Fs Man26) from Fibrobacter succinogenes was expressed in Bacillus subtilis. • Fs Man26 specifically hydrolyzed galactomannan and glucomannan through an endo-acting mechanism, yielding a heterogeneous mixture of mannooligosaccharides (MOS) with diverse chain lengths and structures. • Fs Man26 efficiently converted high-concentration (20-30%) food-grade guar gum into MOS. • Guar gum hydrolysate (F-GGH) prepared by Fs Man26 contained 85.5% MOS (predominantly DP2-7), with a total MOS yield of 77.3%. • F-GGH exhibited dual functional properties by selectively stimulating probiotic growth and effectively adsorbing mycotoxins. Mannan-rich polysaccharides such as guar gum represent important renewable substrates to produce functional mannooligosaccharides (MOS) with prebiotic potential. In this study, an efficient β-1,4-mannanase Fs Man26, from Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 was identified and expressed in Bacillus subtilis . Fs Man26 demonstrated high specificity toward galactomannans and glucomannans and cleaved various mannans into MOS with varying degree of polymerization (DP). Under optimized conditions, Fs Man26 efficiently hydrolyzed high-concentration (20-30%) food-grade guar gum, achieving over 85% degradation within 8 h. Guar gum hydrolysate (F-GGH) prepared by Fs Man26 contained 85.5% MOS, and the proportion of DP2-7 oligosaccharides in MOS was 83.0%. In vitro evaluation revealed that F-GGH promotes the growth of probiotic strains such as Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis , but inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, F-GGH exhibited higher adsorption capacity for deoxynivalenol compared to commercial prebiotics. These findings highlight Fs Man26 as a promising biocatalyst for industrial-scale production of prebiotic MOS that suitable for food and feed applications.
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Surfaces and Interfaces
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2026
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IF 6
Jiajun Zuo,Jingjing Gou,Haijia Zuo,Haoqian Wang,Mahe Li,Nong Wang
With the continuous advancement of global industrialization, oil-water separation materials that combine efficient separation and resource recovery have become an urgent issue in the fields of environmental science and engineering in crude oil extraction, oil-containing industrial production and wastewater discharge. To address the limitations of current separation membranes, such as susceptibility to damage and inadequate durability during operation, this study reports the synthesis of a self-healing organogel based on β-cyclodextrin dimers and dynamic phenylboronate ester bonds. This material was coated onto a nonwoven fabric substrate via a dip-coating and photo-polymerization process, yielding a self-healing oil-water separation mesh (SHSM) exhibiting superoleophilicity and underoil superhydrophobicity. The structural characteristics of the SHSM and its surface coating were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the separation performance and self-healing capability of SHSM were systematically evaluated. Experimental results demonstrate that the SHSM achieves separation efficiencies exceeding 99.5% for various oil-water mixtures, with an oil flux reaching 4.30×10⁴ L·m⁻²·h⁻¹. Even after mechanical damage or repeated use, the SHSM can restore its structural integrity and functional performance through the reformation of dynamic boronate ester bonds, thereby significantly extending its service life. This research offers a novel strategy for the development of highly efficient and durable oil-water separation materials. Download: Download high-res image (232KB) Download: Download full-size image A β-cyclodextrin dimer coating enables self-healing, superoleophilic, underoil superhydrophobic non-woven fabric for oil-water separation.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 4.6
Kaitong Liu,Yuan Rao,Zhaoxue Li,Shihang Zhou,Zhi-Zhong Zhang,Yanhui Zhang
The edge-sharing connection mode of [BO4] tetrahedra has greatly enriched the structural chemistry of borates, which provides more options and possibilities for designing more materials with unique structures and excellent performance. A zinc borate Ba5Zn4(B3O6)2(B12O24) (BaZnBO) was synthesized via a high-temperature solid reaction. Its uniqueness lies in not only introducing Zn into the structure of β-BaB2O4 but also containing the unusual edge-sharing [BO4] tetrahedra. The functional building units are isolated [B3O6] and [B12O24] groups. The adjacent [B3O6] groups are linked to a layer in the ab plane and further stack along the [001] direction, while the [B12O24] groups are located in the middle of these layers, thus forming the “sandwich” structure. This work also analyzed the impact of introducing Zn into β-BaB2O4 on the structure of anions. In addition, BaZnBO also exhibits good thermal stability and excellent optical properties including the short cut-off edge (204 nm) and suitable birefringence (0.058@1064 nm).
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ACS ES&T Water
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2026
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IF 4.5
Jun Zhang,Yu-Ting Ding,Ze-Hua Liu,Song-Song Xiong,Biqing Li,Tian-Shu Chou
Conjugated estrogens, including sulfate and glucuronide derivatives, are widely present in municipal wastewater and surface waters and may be enzymatically deconjugated to reactive free estrogens, posing ecological risks. However, the relative roles of arylsulfatase and β-glucuronidase in this process remain poorly understood, particularly in natural waters. Here, we systematically investigated the activity of these two enzymes in both river water and municipal wastewater as well as the deconjugation behavior of estrogen conjugates catalyzed by them. β-Glucuronidase activity was consistently higher than that of arylsulfatase across all samples, yet riverine enzymes exhibited significantly higher catalytic efficiency per unit activity than their wastewater counterparts. Deconjugation experiments using six estrogen conjugates revealed rapid hydrolysis of glucuronides and slow concentration-dependent hydrolysis of sulfates. Enzymatic kinetics further confirmed that substrate availability governs arylsulfatase activity, while β-glucuronidase shows a higher substrate affinity. These findings advance our understanding of contaminant reactivation processes and highlight the need to account for enzyme-mediated transformations when assessing the environmental fate and risks of conjugated emerging contaminants.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
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2026
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IF 5.2
Rui Zhang,Zhengfeng Xie,Yujie Hu,Jie Li,Hong Liao,Junjie Gao,Wei Shi,Chuxiang Zhou
The complexity of pollutants in water, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals, dyes, and antibiotics, poses a challenge to existing water treatment agents. Therefore, we successfully cross-linked tris(4-formylphenyl)amine (TFPA) onto β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to synthesize a β-cyclodextrin polymer (TFPA-N-β-CD). This unique adsorbent provides essential adsorption properties from each of its components: β-CD offers a cavity structure and hydrophilic groups capable of removing organic micropollutants through host–guest interactions, while TFPA not only constructs a three-dimensional network structure to enhance the specific surface area (63.68 m2/g) but also provides adsorption sites. In single-component systems, the adsorption of bisphenol A (BPA), methylene blue (MB), and tetracycline (TC) follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Sips adsorption isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacities are 164.73 (BPA), 272.03 (MB), and 33.89 mg/g (TC). In binary system mixed adsorption, each pollutant still maintains significant adsorption capacity, with adsorption capacity ratios (Rq) greater than 0.80. This reveals the different mechanisms behind the adsorption of TFPA-N-β-CD. During the adsorption of BPA, host–guest interactions dominate, while electrostatic forces are stronger than hydrophilic and inclusion interactions in MB adsorption, and hydrophilic interactions play a dominant role in TC adsorption. Additionally, after 10 consecutive adsorption–desorption cycles, the adsorption capacity of TFPA-N-β-CD for the target pollutants was maintained at over 55% of its initial value, demonstrating its excellent cycling stability and potential for reuse. These characteristics make it highly promising for the treatment of complex real wastewater.
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ACS Catalysis
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2026
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IF 13.1
Jie Li,Pengpeng Shao,Peng Lei,Di Zhang,Chengpeng Liu,Shilu Chen,Yingnan Chi,Changwen Hu
Proton shuttles play a vital role in diverse chemical transformations; however, most known examples, such as water and small organic molecules, operate in homogeneous systems with colocated proton donor and acceptor sites. In contrast, recyclable proton shuttle catalysts with spatially separated donor and acceptor sites are highly desirable due to their enhanced flexibility in proton transfer but remain largely unexplored. Herein, we identify the polyoxoniobate K7HNb6O19·13H2O (KNb6) as a special type of recyclable proton shuttle catalyst that enables rapid cleavage of lignin β-O-4 ketone into value-added phenol (yield: 93%) and benzonitrile (yield: 73%) within 10 min, using NH2OH·H2O as the N-source. Combined computational and experimental studies reveal that the unique surface of KNb6, featuring a proton-donating hydroxyl group (−OH) surrounded by multiple proton-accepting oxo ligands (O2–), facilitates a proton-shuttling mechanism that drives both Cβ–O and Cα–Cβ bond cleavage of a ketoxime intermediate formed in situ. Moreover, KNb6 maintains a stable catalytic performance over multiple cycles and efficiently promotes the depolymerization of oxidized natural lignin. This work not only provides a robust and recyclable catalyst for biomass valorization but also offers insights into the design of recyclable proton transfer systems.
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Processes
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2026
·Vol. 14
·期 6
·1017
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IF 3.4
Jianxin Fu,Jing Wei,Tingxia Yan,Xing Zhu,Yuhang Chen,Zhenghong Hao
β-Carotene is widely utilized in food systems due to its biological activities, but exhibits poor chemical stability and low bioavailability. This study utilized wholeAuricularia polytricha(Mont.) Sacc. powder as a direct emulsifier to establish a natural emulsion-based delivery system designed to enhance the stability ofβ-carotene. Under optimal conditions, using 7%Auricularia polytricha(Mont.) Sacc. powder (120 μm) and 1% oil phase fraction, microscopic analysis revealed that emulsion droplets were small and uniformly distributed, resulting in excellent long-term stability. After UV irradiation, the degradation rate ofβ-carotene in the emulsion was significantly lower than that ofβ-carotene directly dispersed in the oil phase.In vitrosimulated digestion indicated thatβ-carotene retention in the intestinal phase reached 9.2% in the emulsion system, 1.2 ± 0.23% higher than in the conventional oil-dissolved system. This strategy offers a practical approach for the high-value utilization of this fungal resource, streamlining industrial processes and reducing production costs.
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