Scientific Reports
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2024
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·1-12
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IF 3.8
Jiang Tianying,Wang Yanhui,Yu Zhiyu,Du Liangwei
Herbicides are widely used to control weeds in agriculture filed, however, the excessive use of the conventional formulation causes harmful side effects on the environment. To relieve this problem, natural polymer nanoparticles as herbicide carrier were rapidly developed and applied in recent years. In the present study, chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles were synthesized as nanocarrier to load herbicide 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetate sodium salt (MCPA-Na). The encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 51.32% was obtained through measuring indirectly by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The free and MCPA-Na-loaded CS/TPP nanoparticles were characterized by using dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The encapsulation of MCPA-Na in CS/TPP nanoparticles resulted in the change of MCPA-Na release profile in different pH media and displayed effective sustained-release under neutral condition. The evaluation of herbicidal activity against Bidens pilosa L. showed that the efficacy enhancement of MCPA-Na was realized after encapsulation in CS/TPP nanoparticles. The proposed herbicide nanoformulation presented a good potential as a sustainable alternative for weed control in agriculture.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-16
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IF 15.7
Ma Fang,Gao Tao,Sun Xiaodong,Han Chunqiu,Wang Yongye,Jiang Anqiang,Zhou Ying,Liang Guijie,Wang Huiqing,Wang Li,Jia Binbin,Huang Yingping,Huang Hongwei,Kong Xin Ying,Li Hui,Huang Niu,Ma Tianyi,Ye Liqun
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising photocatalysts for H 2 O 2 photosynthesis, but charge carrier separation remains a critical challenge. Donor-acceptor COFs enhance charge separation, but the slow kinetics of water oxidation and oxygen reduction reactions lead to carrier accumulation, thereby decreasing efficiency. Here, we report T-C type COFs (T = trap units, C = catalytic units), demonstrating that units with keto-enol tautomerism can serve as dynamic electron/hole traps (T) to mitigate Coulomb forces. This design effectively facilitates swift charge transfer and extends carrier lifetimes, thereby enhancing reactions at the C units. Imine COFs derived from 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzaldehyde (Tp) outperform those based on 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxaldehyde due to tautomerization. The optimal Tp COF (TpBpy) achieves an H 2 O 2 generation rate of 37.9 μmol h⁻¹ (or 8350 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹) under simulated light, and a solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency of 0.038% in a flow reactor under natural sunlight. This work provides molecular design strategies and standard criteria for efficient H 2 O 2 photocatalysts.
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Nature Protocols
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2025
·
IF 16
Ji Haocheng,Wang Junxiong,Qiu Xiao,Ren Hengyu,Xue Haoyu,Zhang Hao,Ji Guanjun,Cheng Hui-Ming,Zhou Guangmin
The rapid acceleration of global electrification has increased demand for sustainable energy storage, making lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) essential for various applications. However, their limited lifespan presents challenges related to resource waste and environmental risks. Unlike traditional metallurgical methods, which extract key metals from spent cathodes, the direct recycling process repairs damaged materials, maximizing their residual value through effective treatments. Despite widespread interest, systematic protocols to guide interdisciplinary researchers in direct recycling studies remain scarce. Using spent LiMn 2 O 4 as an example, this protocol outlines a general approach for direct recycling and upcycling of spent LIBs. Initially, the failure condition of the spent cathode is evaluated using X-ray diffraction and inductively coupled plasma analysis to determine appropriate recycling parameters. The resulting recycled products include regenerated LiMn 2 O 4 and upcycled next-generation cathode materials, such as high-voltage LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 and Co-free, Li-rich Li 1.2 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.6 O 2 . Subsequently, electron microscopy, spectroscopic techniques and electrochemical performance tests evaluate recycling effectiveness. This protocol incorporates two representative recycling methods to provide readers with a detailed procedural guide. Solid-phase regeneration forms the basis of most direct recycling technologies; thus, it requires minimal adjustments for broad applicability. Joule heating, a more emerging recycling technology, leverages rapid nonequilibrium reactions, substantially reducing processing time and introducing beneficial structural defects and elemental gradient distributions within the material. Compared to metallurgical methods, solid-phase and Joule heating-based protocols reduce recycling time to ~32 h and 5 h, respectively. Overall, this protocol provides a reliable guide for researchers, promoting sustainable LIB recycling and advancing clean energy research.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 15.7
Lian Xinxin,Jin Mingjing,Dai Weideren,Lv Yuanjiang,Luo Ming,Hu Ying,Wang Zhijie,Li Haiyun,Xu Chunyu,Jiang Dongrui,Min Hao,Chen Yifan,Chang Jin,Su Tzu-Sen,Ma Fei,Bai Yang,Zhang Hong,Mo Xiaoliang,Chu Junhao
Wide-bandgap perovskite is pivotal as a photoactive layer in the top cell of prevailing tandem solar cells. However, the intrinsic instability of wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells is predominantly attributed to the vacancy defects caused by multiple ion migration. Here, we incorporate an ether ring super-molecule into perovskite. This supramolecular approach effectively manipulates the crystallization kinetics and suppresses the halide segregation under illumination by tuning the coordination of halides toward monovalent cations and lead ions. As a result, the supramolecular engineered 1.77 eV perovskite solar cells achieve a champion power conversion efficiency of 21.01% with an outstanding operational stability, retaining 95% of initial efficiency after 1000 h σof maximum-power-point tracking test. Meanwhile, the two-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar cells achieve the champion efficiency of 28.44% (certified 27.92%). This work paves an avenue to improve the film quality and illumination stability of mixed halide wide-bandgap perovskites with a supramolecular approach.
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Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
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2025
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IF 4.1
Yan Guilong,Kan Zexi,Ding Shijie,Yuan Xitong,Li Jianming,Wang Hao,Zhou Yuzhen,Wu Jianguo,Jin Ci
A novel lanthanum-modified biorefinery residue of wheat straw (La-BRWS) was synthesized, characterized, and applied for the removal of phosphate from aqueous solution. Characterization analyses confirmed the successful incorporation of lanthanum, which significantly enhanced the material’s adsorption performance. The results demonstrated that La-BRWS possessed a large specific surface area, a porous structure, and excellent stability across a wide initial pH range (1.01–10.83). Phosphate adsorption kinetics on La-BRWS were effectively described by both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The Langmuir isotherm model provided the best fit for the equilibrium data, indicating a maximum adsorption capacity of 55.74 mg P/g at 50 °C. The adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous, reaching rapid equilibrium within 20 min, and demonstrated excellent stability in the presence of co-existing ions (Cl − , NO 3 − , HCO 3 − , and SO 4 2− ). Regeneration with 5 M NaOH retained over 99% of the adsorption capacity after five cycles. The phosphate adsorption mechanism involved ligand exchange, precipitation, and Lewis acid–base interaction. This study proposes La-BRWS as an economical and effective phosphate adsorbent derived from biorefinery residue of wheat straw, and provides new insights for reducing the cost of biorefinery.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
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2025
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IF 3.9
Wang Haojie,Luo Da,Xu Dong,Lu Xiangyou,Wang Jinjin,Hu Chao,Liang Jie,Wei Honghong,Xie Yuanlai
In this study, a multifunctional superhydrophobic coating with mechanical stability, temperature resistance, buoyancy enhancement, and corrosion resistance was developed to expand its application in real life. Through the co-precipitation and hydrothermal method, tripolyphosphate was introduced into the structure of layered double hydroxides. Based on this structure, it was composited with an epoxy resin matrix after surface loading and hydrophobic modification, and then, a new superhydrophobic coating was constructed through the spraying process. The contact angle of the coating is 155°, and the rolling angle is 4.5°. After a 400 cm friction resistance test and 90 tape peeling tests, the contact angle remains higher than 150°, indicating excellent mechanical stability. The top and bottom coatings withstood 6.594 g and 5.181 g loads, respectively, in the buoyancy test. Electrochemical tests show that the coating resistance is as high as 3.89 × 10 7 Ω cm 2 , the charge transfer resistance is as high as 8.135 × 10 8 Ω cm 2 , the corrosion potential is positively shifted by 0.966 V, and the corrosion current density is reduced to 9.506 × 10 –12 A/cm 2 . The corrosion inhibition efficiency was increased by 8.16% compared to EP coating. The superhydrophobic coating developed in this study exhibits excellent comprehensive performance and significant protective advantages in complex environments, providing a new strategy for the practical application of superhydrophobic materials and offering high popularization value and research reference significance. Graphical abstract
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
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2025
·
IF 3.9
Chen Zheng,Liu Peng,Cao Yu-Long,Xie Yu-Long
The manganese-based ion sieve H 1.6 Mn 1.6 O 4 shows significant advantages in lithium adsorption. Its prominent features include high adsorption capacity and low pollution characteristics of the preparation process. These combined advantages make this material important in the lithium extraction technology in salt lakes. However, problems such as high manganese dissolution loss rate, poor cyclic stability, and difficulty in powder recycling seriously restrict the industrialized application. In this paper, we propose to optimize the structure of spinel-type manganese lithium ion-sieves with a 2% Co 3+ doping strategy, which can effectively inhibit the lattice collapse triggered by Jahn–Teller aberration during the pickling cycle by replacing part of the Mn 3+ active sites with Co 3+ . After doping, the relative Mn 4+ content on the surface of the material increased from 58%–61% according to the XPS test, confirming that the introduction of Co 3+ facilitated the transition of Mn 3+ to the higher valence state Mn 4+ through the charge compensation effect. Reducing the disproportionation activity of Mn 3+ reduces the dissolution loss of Mn 2+ during the pickling process. The experimental results showed that the adsorption of doped HMCO-2 material increased from 28.8–34.9 mg/g. The adsorption capacity retention rate was 77% after five cycles, there was a high selective adsorption of Li + , and the manganese dissolving loss rate was decreased to 2.3%.
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Scientific Reports
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-15
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IF 3.9
Chen Heng,Chen Yuxiao,Yang Jinan,Yang Peng,Cheng Hongqiang,Guo Xiaogang
Cardiac fibrosis arises from the abnormal activation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in response to both chemical and mechanical stressors. While extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness is a key determinant of fibroblast behavior, the molecular mechanisms linking mechanical signals to gene expression remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel system that mimics the ECM stiffness of normal, mid-stage, and fibrotic myocardium. Using RNA sequencing, we identified mechanosensitive genes in CFs cultured within this system. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed a 98-gene cluster, encompassing PCSK6 , ATP8B4 , THBS2 , and DCN , among others, which was significantly upregulated across stiffness gradients. Single-cell RNA sequencing from myocardial infarction and pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis models validated the mechanosensitivity of these genes, uncovering distinct temporal expression patterns under acute versus chronic mechanical stress. Notably, the marked upregulation of this gene cluster in human dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy samples underscores its clinical relevance. Functional assays confirmed the crucial roles of THBS2 and DCN in fibroblast activation. Collectively, our findings deepen the understanding of the mechanobiology underlying cardiac fibrosis and highlight potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for modulating mechanical stress in this pathological condition.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2025
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IF 3.8
Du Juan,Chen Jinwen,Tong Huixiao,Liao Shenghua
Fluorescent metal organic frameworks (FMOFs) constructed by encapsulating aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) into frameworks have garnered increasing attention due to their ability to overcome the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect of traditional fluorescent materials such as organic dyes, quantum dots, and up-conversion nanoparticles. However, conventional AIEgens usually contain aromatic groups that may pose potential health risks. Additionally, the quality of bisphosphonates (BPs), first-line treatment drugs in skeletal-related diseases, is critical to assure their effectiveness and safety. In this work, a new nanocomposite, Pt NCs@ZIF-8, was designed by encapsulating platinum nanoclusters (Pt NCs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) through self-assembly between Zn 2+ and Pt NCs. Owing to the spatial confinement provided by ZIF-8 and the AIE effect of Pt NCs, the resulting Pt NCs@ZIF-8 nanocomposite presents excellent photostability and anti-photobleaching. Furthermore, the framework of Pt NCs@ZIF-8 collapses in the presence of BP drugs due to the strong coordination interaction between the P = O groups in BPs and the Zn 2+ in ZIF-8, leading to the release of Pt NCs. This release of Pt NCs causes effective fluorescence quenching of the Pt NCs@ZIF-8 nanocomposite, resulting from the increasing intramolecular motion of surface ligands, glutathione (GSH), on Pt NCs. Therefore, a new Pt NCs@ZIF-8-based nanoprobe has been rationally designed for BP detection. More importantly, our designed Pt NCs@ZIF-8-based nanoprobe also presents excellent discrimination capability toward four structurally similar BPs—Etidronate, Clodronate, Alendronate, and Risedronate, as confirmed by statistical techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). Finally, the proposed Pt NCs@ZIF-8 nanoprobe was successfully applied to quantify the labeled amount percentage of commercially available Sodium Risedronate and Sodium Alendronate tablets, achieving satisfactory limits of detection (LOD) spanning from 1.2 to 8.8 µM and excellent recovery ranging from 97.50% to 102.6%. This work not only provides a novel and convenient strategy for detecting and distinguishing BPs but also demonstrates the potential application of metal–organic frameworks encapsulating metal nanoclusters with AIE properties in pharmaceutical quality control. Graphical
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Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials
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2025
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IF 3.6
Ai Guo,Dianbao Zuo,Li Shi,Ming Guo,Jinquan Li,Caili Li,Puqing Wang,Xiaodong Sun,Ming Sang
Background The emergence of MDR K. pneumoniae poses a critical challenge in treating respiratory-associated pneumonia. Bacteriophages are promising antibiotic alternatives with unique features. This study aimed to isolate new bacteriophages from the hospital environment and investigate their therapeutic potential and mechanisms. Methods We employed plaque assays, transmission electron microscopy, and whole-genome sequencing to systematically characterize the biological properties, morphology, and genomic profiles of the phages in parallel. The bacteriostatic curve, biofilm staining quantification, and biofilm inhibition rate assay were employed to evaluate the in vitro lytic efficacy of the phage. More importantly, we established the murine pneumonia infection models through nasal instillation, assessed the therapeutic potential of the phage in vivo by observing pathological morphology via HE staining, detecting pro-inflammatory cytokine levels via qPCR and ELISA, and monitoring bacterial load changes in lung tissue through PCR analysis. Results Phages vB_KpnP_XY3 and vB_KpnP_XY4, taxonomically classified as Siphoviridae , demonstrated broad temperature (4–60 °C), pH (4–11) tolerance, chloroform resistance, latent periods of 40/35 min, and burst sizes of 340/126 PFU/cell. Both genomes contained circular dsDNA genomes (47,466 bp/50,036 bp) without virulence or antibiotic resistance genes. The bacterial concentration markedly decreased at 2 h post-treatment, reaching its biological nadir by 6 h. Concurrent biofilm assays demonstrated 80% biofilm inhibition and rapid bacterial clearance. In murine pneumonia models, both phage monotherapy and phage-antibiotic combinations significantly reduced bacterial loads compared with antibiotics alone ( P < 0.05), concurrently attenuating inflammation (IL-1β/IL-6/TNF-a. P < 0.0001) and restoring alveolar architecture with reduced necrosis. Conclusion The phages vB_KpnP_XY3 and vB_KpnP_XY4 demonstrated robust environmental adaptability. Its antibacterial effect is related to its specific biofilm dissolution performance in vivo and in vitro. These findings provide strong evidence for the precise phage treatment of MDR K. pneumoniae infections. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12941-025-00812-9.
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JOURNAL OF FLUORESCENCE
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2025
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IF 3.1
Fang Fang,Cao Hongyu,Lu Jialu,Chen Nannan,Zhang Lu,Chen Yang
Carbon dots (CDs)-based ratiometric fluorescence strategies have attracted considerable attention. In this study, we developed a facile ratiometric fluorescent biosensor for DNA detection by utilizing the blue-emitting carbon dots (BCDs) as the fluorophore and acriflavine (AF), a fluorescent biological stain reagent, as both the response and recognition molecules. When AF was added, the fluorescence of BCDs decreased effectively and accompanied by a hypsochromic shift from 448 to 425 nm, whereas the fluorescence of AF at about 500 nm appeared due to the synergistic effect of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and the inner filter effect (IFE) between the BCDs and AF. In the presence of DNA, the intercalative binding of AF into the DNA helix resulted in the fluorescence quenching of AF and the fluorescence restoration of BCDs at the same time. Therefore, the quantitative detection of DNA can be carried out vis evaluating the fluorescence intensity ratio of F 425 /F 500 . Under optimized conditions, the developed fluorescence method had an excellent linear range from 0 to 90 µM and a low detection limit of 0.52 µM. In addition, satisfactory results were obtained for the analysis of DNA in synthetic and real samples, with spiked recoveries ranging from 90.1 to 101.3%, demonstrating the enormous potential of the developed sensing platform for bioanalysis and biodetection. Graphical
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2025
·Vol. 36
·期 22
·1-13
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IF 2.8
Ma Kangrui,Wu Jiawen,Wei Derong,Chen Jin,Rong Xuanting,Ding Ruyun,Gu Jia,Ma Xuetiao,Zheng Hui
With the development and use of the electronic and electrical equipment, solving electromagnetic pollution has become a top priority for human health. In this work, ternary co-doped (Ca 2 ⁺, Cu 2 ⁺, Sn 4 ⁺) ions were incorporated into M-type hexagonal barium ferrite (Ba 1-x Ca x Fe 11.6 Cu 0.2 Sn 0.2 O 27 ), and the effects of varying Ca 2 ⁺ doping levels on the crystal structure, surface morphology, and electromagnetic characteristics were thoroughly investigated. Structural characterizations confirms that Ca 2+ substitutes Ba 2+ sites, decreasing the grain size and lattice values while increasing the lattice strain. At x = 0.15, the Ba 1-x Ca x Fe 11.6 Cu 0.2 Sn 0.2 O 27 ferrite achieves the maximum value of saturation magnetization of 67.7 emu/g, the highest RL min value of -44.2 dB@14.3 GHz and effective absorption bandwidth of 3.04 GHz, showing potential as an effective material for absorption applications.
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