DRUG DELIVERY
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2021
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IF 6.419
Caiqing Wu,Ping Wai Or,Jones Iok Tong Chong,Isuru K. K. Pathirage Don,Ching Hymn Christopher Lee,Kaili Wu,Minbin Yu,David C. C. Lam,Yangfan Yang
To increase the amount of pirfenidone (PFD) loaded in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film embedded soft contact lens (SCL), and evaluate its function of sustaining delivery of drug in vitro and in vivo. Drug loading efficiency within PVA film and SCLs, drug release from SCLs in vitro, and the effects of parameters of SCLs and external environment on drug release in vitro were evaluated by ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer at 312 nm. Safety of SCLs was evaluated in vitro by transformed human corneal epithelial cell. Safety in vivo was determined by optical coherence tomography and histology of anterior segment of rabbits. Drug release study in tear fluid and aqueous humor were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. SCLs had smooth surface and were fit for experimental rabbits. Amount of PFD in PVA film and SCLs were 153.515 μg ± 12.508 and 127.438 μg ± 19.674, respectively, PFD in PVA film was significantly higher than SCLs (p=.006) and closed to 150 μg (targeting amount of PFD to be loaded). Thickness of SCLs, molecular weight of PVA, and amount of PVA used in SCLs affected drug release in vitro significantly. Thickness of PVA film and amount of drug in SCLs had no effect on drug release rate in vitro. SCLs were safe in vitro and in vivo, PFD released from SCLs could be detected around 12 hours in tears and aqueous humor, and the concentration of drug was higher than eye drop at all detected time points while amount of PFD in SCLs was lower than eye drop. Drug loaded PVA film embedded SCLs may be a promising ocular drug delivery system.
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Molecular Catalysis
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2021
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IF 5.062
Zihuai Xu,Hongxu Yan,Zhiyuan Wang,Tao Zhang,Yangyang Ren,Tianbo Fan,Yunyi Liu,Hongfan Guo
Obtaining reusable catalysts and using water as a green solvent still remain huge challenges. Various oxides are frequently used as the support, however, the aqueous catalytic systems, particularly in hot basic water, may decrease their stability and thus cause leaching or aggregation of the supported metal nanoparticles (NPs). In this work, three very simple methods in catalyst preparation are demonstrated to greatly improve the reusability of oxide-supported catalysts in 100 °C basic water, by systematically studying a series of oxides as well as carbons as support of gold (Au) NPs and employing Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling (SMCC) reaction as a probe. These methods are prerequisites for obtaining both excellent activity and recyclability. Absence of any of them will badly improve leaching or aggregation of Au NPs. The reasons for the synergistically improved reusability are also elucidated in details. Though it’s extremely hard to thoroughly overcome leaching in hot water, this work achieves the application of Au/oxide to SMCC reaction in water with higher utilization efficiency of Au than some reported work in organic solvent or with other supports. The present work can serve as supplementary strategies to assist in designing high-performance oxide-supported catalysts for varieties of similar aqueous systems.
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Frontiers in Medicine
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2021
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IF 5.093
Li Yujuan,Zhang Wencui,Sun Tainning,Liu Baowen,Manyande Anne,Xu Weiguo,Xiang Hong-Bing
The high incidence of patients with chronic itch highlights the importance of fundamental research. Recent advances in the interface of gut microbiota have shed new light into exploring this phenomenon. However, it is unknown whether gut microbiota plays a role in chronic itch in rodents with or without cognitive dysfunction. In this study, the role of gut microbiota in diphenylcyclopropenone (DCP)-evoked chronic itch was investigated in mice and hierarchical cluster analysis of novel object recognition test (ORT) results were used to classify DCP-evoked itch model in mice with or without cognitive dysfunction (CD)-like phenotype and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing was used to compare gut bacterial composition between CD (Susceptible) and Non-CD phenotypes (Unsusceptible) in chronic itch mice. Results showed that the microbiota composition was significantly altered by DCP-evoked chronic itch and chronic itch induced novel object recognition-related CD. However, abnormal gut microbiota composition induced by chronic itch may not be correlated with novel object recognition-related CD.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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2021
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IF 9.028
Huijun Su,Shaobo Shi,Ming Zhu,Jianhua Li,Guanyong Su
Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) have been proposed to be persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT) substances; however, there is a dearth of information regarding their occurrence in sediment samples. Here, an analytical method was developed for the quantitative determination of LCMs in sediment samples, and n = 76 sediment samples were collected and analyzed to determine accurate concentrations of LCMs. Our results indicated that the developed pretreatment procedure was applicable for the determination of LCM concentrations in sediments. We observed that LCMs were detected in 75 out of the 76 sediment samples, and 23, 18, and 14 out of the 39 target LCMs were quantified in at least one of the analyzed sediments from rivers around LCM or liquid crystal device (LCD) manufacturers, Taihu Lake, and rivers around e-waste recycling sites, respectively. The LCMs in the samples from rivers around LCM/LCD manufacturers exhibited the greatest mean concentrations of 26.1 ng/g dry weight (dw), followed by those from e-waste recycling site areas (1.15 ng/g dw) and Taihu Lake (0.076 ng/g dw). Collectively, this study provided the first analytical method that was able to quantify the concentrations of LCMs in sediment samples and provided the first evidence for the occurrence of LCMs in sediment samples.
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EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
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2021
·Vol. 106
·期 4
·958-971
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IF 2.969
Xia Yan,Xuli Gao,Qiaohua Niu,Xin Peng,Jie Zhang,Xiufeng Ma,Yanhong Wei,Huiping Wang,Yunfang Gao,Hui Chang
New Findings What is the central question of this study? The aim was to investigate whether diaphragm hypertrophy and gastrocnemius atrophy during hibernation of Daurian ground squirrels involve differential regulation of protein metabolism and regeneration. What is the main finding and its importance? We clarified the differences in protein metabolism and muscle regenerative potential in the diaphragm and gastrocnemius of hibernating ground squirrels, reflecting the different adaptability of muscles. Are differences in the regulation of protein metabolism and regeneration involved in the different phenotypic adaptation mechanisms of muscle hypertrophy and atrophy in hibernators? Two fast-type muscles (diaphragm and gastrocnemius) in summer active and hibernating Daurian ground squirrels were selected to detect changes in cross-sectional area (CSA) and protein expression indicative of protein synthesis metabolism (protein expression of P-Akt, P-mTORC1, P-S6K1 and P-4E-BP1), protein degradation metabolism (MuRF1, atrogin-1, calpain-1, calpain-2, calpastatin, desmin, troponin T, Beclin1 and LC3-II) and muscle regeneration (MyoD, myogenin and myostatin). In the hibernation group compared with the summer active group, the CSA of the diaphragm muscle increased significantly by 26.1%, whereas the CSA of the gastrocnemius muscle decreased significantly by 20.4%. Our study also indicated that increased protein synthesis, decreased protein degradation and increased muscle regenerative potential contributed to diaphragm muscle hypertrophy, whereas decreased protein synthesis, increased protein degradation and decreased muscle regenerative potential contributed to gastrocnemius muscle atrophy. In conclusion, the differences in muscle regeneration and regulatory pattern of protein metabolism might contribute to the different adaptive changes observed in the diaphragm and gastrocnemius muscles of ground squirrels.
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Journal of Environmental Sciences
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2021
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IF 5.565
Xueyi Dong,Xihua Cao,Wenbin Jiang,Xiuxian Song,Zhiming Yu,Shitao Yu
Polyaluminum chloride modified clay (PAC-MC) is a safe and efficient red tide control agent that has been studied and applied worldwide. Although it is well known that the distribution of hydrolytic aluminum species in PAC affects its flocculation , little is known about the influence of particulars aluminum species on the microalgae removal efficiency of PAC-MC; this lack of knowledge creates a bottleneck in the development of more efficient MCs based on aluminum salts. The ferron method was used in this study to quantitatively analyze the distributions of and variations in different hydrolytic aluminum species during the process of microalgae removal by PAC-MC. The results showed that Al a , which made up 5%–20% of the total aluminum, and Al p , which made up 15%–55% of the total aluminum, significantly affected microalgae removal, with Pearson's correlation coefficients of 0.83 and 0.89, respectively. Most of the aluminum in the PAC-MC sank rapidly into the sediments, but the rate and velocity of settlement were affected by the dose of modified clay. The optimal dose of PAC-MC for precipitating microalgae was determined based on its aluminum profile. These results provide guidance for the precise application of PAC-MC in the control of harmful algal blooms .
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CHEMOSPHERE
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2021
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IF 7.086
Jingna Yan,Wenting Lin,Zhihan Gao,Yuan Ren
The mass load of pharmaceuticals in the municipal wastewater based on wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a good indication of population consumption in the catchment. After successful application of illicit drugs’ estimation, this method holds the potential to measure the geographical and temporal consumption of prescription medicines. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen (ACM), diclofenac (DCF), ibuprofen (IBU) and naproxen (NPX), in two wastewater treatment plants in Guangzhou City, China and compared the spatial and temporal consumption variation of them. Over a period of 28 days’ sampling, the detection frequency of ACM, DCF, IBU, and NPX in the influent of two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Guangzhou City were 91%, 66%, 100%, and 95%, and their concentrations were up to 128, 131, 372, and 324 ng/L, respectively. No significant inter-catchment difference was observed regarding the per capita mass load in the two WWTPs investigated. A literature review which covered 160 WWTPs in 18 countries was conducted to compare the population normalized mass load of four commonly used NSAIDs. ACM had the highest population normalized mass loads (29–17,430 mg/d/1000 inhabitants) and DCF had the lowest population normalized mass load (6.5–628 mg/d/1000 inhabitants) in the catchments located in 18 countries. The mass loads of selected NSAIDs in China were lower than those in European and North American. ACM and IBU consumptions were at least 2 times higher in winter than that in summer, in contrast, DCF and NPX consumptions had no significant seasonal variation.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
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2021
·Vol. 28
·期 31
·42694-42705
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IF 4.223
Wu Peng,Liu Yiqing,Fu Yongsheng,Zhou Gaofeng,Deng Jiewen
The solubilization laws of pollutants in micelles and their separation efficiency are very important in the successfully efficient application of micellar enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF). The solubilization behavior of o -toluidine (OT) and tricyclazole (TC) into sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles in MEUF was studied using nonlinear equation sets for concentration analysis, which resolved the issue on the overlap of absorption spectra of multicomponent compounds restricting the application of conventional ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopic method. The solubilization isotherms for both pollutants could be best explained by the Langmuir-Freudlich model ( R 2 >0.99) followed by the modes of Langmuir and Freudlich, inferring the complexity of solubilization mechanism and solubilization advantage of monolayer over multilayer. The calculated thermodynamic parameters ( ΔG 0 , ΔH 0 and ΔS 0 ) indicated that this process was endothermic and spontaneous. The solubilization of OT and TC well followed the pseudo second-order and pseudo first-order kinetics, respectively. The separation and recovery of SDS solubilizing these two pollutants were also investigated through lowering solution temperature to 2 °C followed by centrifugation. The best recovery rate of about 66% for SDS was achieved containing 10 and 5% of each initial amount of OT and TC, respectively, at near-neutral solution pH value. The recovery of SDS could decrease to some extent under alkaline and acidic conditions.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
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2021
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IF 2.495
Jingwen Jia,Longfu Wei,Fang Li,Changlin Yu,Kai Yang,Tongxiang Liang
Two-dimensional metal–organic frame (2D MOF) materials have attracted great attention due to the successful combination of the unique properties of MOF and chemical properties of 2D material. In this paper, NiFe MOF/NF with a two-dimensional layered vertical structure were prepared by bottom-up solvothermal method. We used different solvent mixtures (methanol/water, ethanol/water, acetone/water, N, N-dimethylformamide/water) to control the synthesis of MOF and found that the oligpolar solvent mixture of acetone and water was the best in controlling the formation of these two-dimensional MOFs. The obtained NiFe MOF/NF in acetone/water appeared the best performance as electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction, in which the NiFe MOF/NF delivered a current density of 50 mA·cm −2 at a low overpotential of 270 mV with a small Tafel slope of 55 mV·dec -1 . In addition, NiFe MOF/NF has an excellent stability at a high current density of 100 mA·cm −2 .
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JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY
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2021
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IF 4.155
Dongmei Zhao,Hongru Li,Chengcheng Yue,Kaili Sun,Yuanyuan Dai,Hui Zhang,Yanyan Liu,Yufeng Gao,Jiabin Li
This study investigated whether captopril can reverse drug resistance in metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) and increase their sensitivity to antimicrobial agents. And also aimed to further characterize the affinity of captopril for imipenemase 4 (IMP-4) to explore the drug resistance treatment of MBL-producing bacteria. Five clinically isolated MBL-producing strains of CRKP were screened and the combined effects of captopril and meropenem were examined in vitro and in vivo to analyze whether captopril can reverse antimicrobial resistance in drug-resistant bacteria. Additionally, enzyme inhibition kinetics was analyzed to characterize the affinity of captopril for IMP-4. In MBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae , combined treatment with captopril significantly reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of carbapenems to 1 μg/mL at least, and captopril inhibited New-Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (NDM-1) and IMP-4 in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro . Following the infection of Galleria mellonella by IMP-expressing bacteria, the survival rates were significantly higher in the combination treatment group than in the monotherapy groups. And the bacterial load in the combination treatment group was significantly lower than those in the monotherapy groups and IMP-4–producing bacteria were more sensitive to the combination treatment than NDM-1–producing bacteria. Additionally, enzyme inhibition kinetics firstly illustrated that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of captopril for IMP-4 was 26.34 μM, and the dissociation constant was 37.14 μM. In brief, captopril potentiated meropenem activity and restored its efficacy against MBL-producing CRKP. Additionally, analysis of enzyme inhibition kinetics confirmed that captopril has good inhibitory effects on IMP-4 activity. Therefore, captopril or its derivatives may have clinical utility for overcoming antibiotic resistance.
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FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
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2021
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IF 6.025
Yue Leng,Li Ren,Shu Niu,Tiehua Zhang,Jie Zhang
The endocrine disruptive capability of plasticizers to activate nuclear receptors has attracted great interest. This study is aimed to assess the potential glucocorticoid effects of metabolites of plasticizers. The effects of metabolites of plasticizers on the transcriptional activity of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) were investigated using reporter gene assays. All of them failed to exhibit agonistic/antagonistic effects on GR. However, a combination of dexamethasone and monobutyl phthalate (MBP) could synergistically activate GR. MBP combined with dexamethasone also enhanced GR nuclear translocation by Western blot , while mifepristone restrained GR cytoplasmic-to-nuclear translocation. MBP co-treated with dexamethasone resulted in synergistic induction of PEPCK and MKP-1 gene expression by real-time PCR and PEPCK protein level by Western blot. Furthermore, the carboxyl and ester groups of MBP have influences on the charge distribution of MBP, leading to change of electrostatic interactions between MBP and GR by calculations on electronic properties. Both hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions play a crucial role in the stabilization between MBP and GR conducted by molecular docking and dynamics simulation. This work confirms that GR could remain stable upon binding to MBP. In conclusion, dexamethasone and MBP could synergistically activate GR, resulting in synergetic enhancement of subsequent GR-mediated endocrine disrupting effect.
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INTERNATIONAL DAIRY JOURNAL
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2021
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IF 3.032
Ying Ma,Yanmei Hou,Kui Xie,Lina Zhang,Peng Zhou
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and lactoferrin (Lf) play an important role in the protection and maturation of the neonatal immune system; however, the survival of IgG and Lf during gastrointestinal digestion and their digestive differences among human, bovine, and caprine milk remain unclear. This study investigated the digestive behaviour of IgG and Lf by simulating infant digestion of the milk of three species. Both IgG and Lf in human milk showed higher resistance to digestion than those in the other two types of milk. In addition, caprine milk IgG survived for a longer period after gastrointestinal digestion than bovine milk IgG. These static in vitro digestion results showed that IgG and Lf from human and caprine milk are digested more slowly from those from bovine milk.
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