CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Kangchuang Li,Hua Hao,Zhonghua Yao,Minghe Cao,Hanxing Liu
Sr(Nb 0.5 Ga 0.5 ) x Ti 1-x O 3 (x = 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, 5 %) (STNG) ceramics were synthesized in nitrogen atmosphere by a solid state method. All samples exhibited a cubic perovskite structure without secondary phase. With the increase of the co-doped concentration of Nb 5+ and Ga 3+ , the grain sizes increased firstly and then decreased. The STNG ceramic with x = 3 % exhibited a colossal permittivity (CP) of 24502 and a low dielectric loss of 0.012 at 1kHz and room temperature. Compared with those samples sintered in air, the samples sintered in nitrogen atmosphere have a higher dielectric constant with lower dielectric loss. The phase structure, surface morphology, element distribution, element valence states and dielectric properties of STNG ceramics were investigated. And the mechanism of colossal permittivity was also explored, which indicated that the CP could be attributed to the formation of [ T i 4 + • e − V O • • − e • T i 4 + ] defect dipole.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2023
·
IF 7.2
Weicong Li,Narayanamoorthy Bhuvanendran,Huiyuan Liu,Weiqi Zhang,Khadijeh Hooshyari,Sae Youn Lee,Qian Xu,Huaneng Su
Platinum-group-metal-based polyhedral nanostructures generally possess high catalytic activity for electrochemical reactions owing to their numerous edges, corners, and well-defined lattice planes . However, their direct synthesis on common carbon powder is difficult, which considerably hinders their applications in practical devices. Herein, we report PtPd nanocubes (NCs) grown in situ on commercial carbon powder (Vulcan XC-72R) using a facile one-pot method. The as-prepared PtPd NCs/C (∼20 wt% metal) possess Pt-enriched surfaces, enabling the mass activity (MA) of methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) up to 1.77 A mgPt −1 , which is 3.34/3.69 times that of commercial PtRu/C and Pt/C, respectively. With an average size of 8–10 nm, the PtPd NCs/C exhibit high stability, retaining over 80% initial MA against MOR in an accelerated durability test. For practical direct-methanol fuel cell (DMFC) operation, the PtPd NC/C as an anode catalyst delivered a maximum power density of 0.232 W cm −2 with high-concentration methanol (10 M) flow, which is 1.6 times higher than that for commercial PtRu/C under the same conditions. Moreover, the PtPd NCs/C demonstrated excellent durability for DMFC operation with much lower voltage decay than commercial PtRu/C, indicating its excellent potential for practical DMFC applications.
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Zewei Cui,Man He,Beibei Chen,Bin Hu
Due to the enormous interest in plants related to bioscience, environmental and toxicological research, analytical methods are expected with the ability of getting information on elemental transfer, distribution and contents in plants. In this work, a mixture of gelatin (GA) and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) was prepared to simulate plant matrix, a method based on laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) with matrix-matching external calibration was proposed for direct quantification of multiple elements in plants. The composition of GA&HPMC substrate was optimized, such as the concentration of spiked nitric acid , the mass fraction of both GA and HPMC in the substrate and the mass ratio of GA: HPMC. After spiking elemental solution, coating the mixture onto a glass slide and drying overnight at room temperature , GA&HPMC substrate was obtained. The substrate obtained with GA: HPMC of 8: 2 was used to fabricate the standard series, which exhibited good elemental homogeneity and similar elemental signal intensities in LA-ICP-MS detection to that obtained for plant Certified Reference Material (CRM). CRMs of different plants including Citrus leaf (GBW10019), Tea (GBW07605), Beans (GBW10021) and Scallions (GBW10049) were further pressed into pellets and subjected to the proposed method, and the quantification accuracy was demonstrated. The limits of detections of this method were found to be 0.003 (Ce)-104 (Ca) μg g −1 , with a wide linear range (0.01–10000 μg g −1 ) for 17 target elements. The application potential of the method was further demonstrated by performing elemental imaging in Trigonotis peduncularis leaves. Rapid in-situ quantitative imaging of Zn, Cu, Sr and Mn was achieved, and the elemental quantitative distributions were discussed. The constructed substrate helped direct elemental quantification in plants. It provided a powerful and efficient tool for the investigation of the distribution and transfer of elements in plants, favoring further exploration of elemental bioavailability , transport and toxicity mechanisms.
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JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 3.3
Pan Long,Feng Shaoxuan,Li Wang,Zhu Weiyun
The site and extent of digestion of sorghum nutrients affected by tannins in the intestine are not clarified. Porcine small intestine digestion and large intestine fermentation were simulated in vitro to determine the effects of sorghum tannin extract on the digestion and fermentation characteristics of nutrients in the mimicked porcine gastrointestinal tract. In experiment 1, low-tannin sorghum grain without or with 30 mg/g sorghum tannin extract were digested by porcine pepsin and pancreatin to measure in vitro digestibility of nutrients. In experiment 2, the lyophilized porcine ileal digesta from 3 barrows (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, 27.75 ± 1.46 kg) fed the low-tannin sorghum grain without or with 30 mg/g sorghum tannin extract and the undigested residues from experiment 1 were, individually, incubated with fresh pig cecal digesta as inoculums for 48 h to simulate the porcine hindgut fermentation. The results revealed that sorghum tannin extract decreased in vitro digestibility of nutrients both by pepsin hydrolysis or pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysis (P < 0.05). Although enzymatically unhydrolyzed residues provided more energy (P = 0.09) and nitrogen (P < 0.05) as fermentation substrates, the microbial degradation of nutrients from unhydrolyzed residues and porcine ileal digesta were both decreased by sorghum tannin extract (P < 0.05). Regardless of unhydrolyzed residues or ileal digesta as fermentation substrates, microbial metabolites including the accumulative gas production excluding the first 6 h, total short-chain fatty acid and microbial protein content in the fermented solutions were decreased (P < 0.05). The relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae AC2044 and NK4A136 and Ruminococcus_1 was decreased by sorghum tannin extract (P < 0.05). In conclusion, sorghum tannin extract not only directly decreased the chemical enzymatic digestion of nutrients in the simulated anterior intestine, but also directly inhibited the microbial fermentation including microbial diversities and metabolites in the simulated posterior intestine of pigs. The experiment implies that the decreased abundances of Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae by tannins in the hindgut may weaken the fermentation capacity of microflora and thus impair the nutrient digestion in the hindgut, and ultimately reduce the total tract digestibility of nutrients in pigs fed high tannin sorghum.
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Analytical Methods
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 23
·2868-2875
·
IF 3.1
Xia Gao,Guo Yu,Xuehan Liu,Yinlan Xu,Pengbo Zhang,Weidong Wu
Ozone (O3) is ubiquitous in the environment and exposure to high levels of O3 has been associated with various respiratory diseases, such as asthma, emphysema, and bronchitis. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a simple and efficient detection method for monitoring O3 in the environment and living cells. In this study, an intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) compound was designed and synthesized based on a phenol-type hemicyanine dye and 4-bromo-1-butene, which could specifically detect O3 in aqueous solution. Due to the ICT process, the absorption spectrum, fluorescence spectrum, and color of the probe hemicyanine-butyl-3-enyl (HCB) changed significantly and thus the rapid and sensitive detection of O3 was realized. The interaction between O3 and the probe HCB could be completed within 40 min, and the detection limit of O3 was as low as 2.15 × 10−7 mol L−1. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to the visual detection of O3 in a simulated O3 environment and living cells.
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BEHAVIOURAL NEUROLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 2.8
Lijuan Chen,Jing Li,Xinglian Liu,Zhiwei Zhao,Yan Jin,Yikun Fu,Aiqin Zhou,Chengqun Wang,Yan Zhou
Vitamin B6 (VB6) exhibits therapeutic effects towards autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but its specific mechanism is poorly understood. Rat dams were treated with VB6 standard, VB6 deficiency, or VB6 supplementary diet, and the same treatment was provided to their offspring, with their body weights monitored. Three-chambered social test and open field test were employed to evaluate the effect of VB6 on autism-like behaviors. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) generation and synaptic inhibition of neurons in the hippocampus of rat were detected via immunofluorescence staining, followed by the measurement of GABA concentration through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The role of VB6 in the autophagy and apoptosis of cells was determined via Western blot and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL). In order to conduct rescue experiments, the inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) or the activation of GABA was achieved by drug administration to the offspring rats with VB6 deficiency. As a result, no evident difference in weight was observed in the offspring with varied VB6 treatments. VB6 deficiency impaired social interaction; aggravated self-grooming and bowel frequency; decreased GABA concentration, VIAAT, GAD67, vGAT expressions, and LC3 II/LC3 I ratio; increased p62 level and p-mTOR/mTOR ratio; and promoted cell apoptosis. Inhibition of mTOR reversed the effect of VB6 deficiency on cell autophagy. GABA activation or mTOR inhibition offset the role of VB6 deficiency in autism-like behaviors and hippocampal GABA expression. Collectively, VB6 deficiency induces autism-like behaviors in rats by regulating mTOR-mediated autophagy in the hippocampus.
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ACTA MATERIALIA
·
2023
·
IF 9.4
Xudong Rong,Dongdong Zhao,Xiaofeng Chen,Xiang Zhang,Di Wan,Chunsheng Shi,Chunnian He,Naiqin Zhao
Dense intragranular distribution of nanoscale reinforcements is highly desirable since it is effective in reconciling the strength-ductility trade-off in Al matrix composites (AMCs). Herein, we report a systematic investigation on the work hardening and strain delocalization in Al-5 wt.% CuO (Al-5CuO) composite with strength-ductility synergy contributed by in-situ dense intragranular nanoscale Al 2 O 3 . Results reveal that Al-5CuO exhibits prominent hetero-deformation induced (HDI) strengthening as indicated by its larger HDI stress than effective stress. We showcase that the notable pile-ups of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) at intragranular Al 2 O 3 result in the prevailing kinematic hardening. While the plastic relaxation dislocations (PRDs) around Al 2 O 3 generated by the release of GND-induced internal stress produce isotropic hardening. Both contribute to the pronounced work hardening of Al-5CuO. Comprehensive characterizations suggest the GND distribution with marked intragranular feature in Al-5CuO during straining, which implies the effective provoking of grain interior rather than grain boundary (GB)/interfacial zone to take plastic strain. On basis of the well-described storage and annihilation of GNDs and PRDs at the intragranular Al 2 O 3 , the microstructure-based strain-hardening model enables an in-depth understanding of the kinematic and isotropic hardening contributions by Al 2 O 3 in Al-5CuO. Systematic analysis further confirms the important roles of intragranular Al 2 O 3 in improving the strain partitioning, strain/stress transfer and strength matching across different domains of Al-5CuO, which significantly contributes to strain delocalization and hence strength-ductility synergy. This work sheds important insights on the innovative design of strong and ductile AMCs with intragranular nanoscale reinforcements for structural applications.
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
·
2023
·
IF 4.4
Ye Jiang,Xiaochan Wang,Guo Zhao,Yinyan Shi,Yao Wu
Antibiotic residues in aquaculture environments disrupt the ecosystem balance and pose a potential hazard to human health when entering the food chain. Therefore, ultra-sensitive detection of antibiotics is necessary. In this study, a multifunctional Fe 3 O 4 @mTiO 2 @Ag core–shell nanoparticle (NP), synthesized using a layer-by-layer method, was demonstrated to be useful as an enhanced substrate for in-situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection of various quinolone antibiotics in aqueous environments. The results showed that the minimum detectable concentrations of the six investigated antibiotics were 1 × 10 −9 mol/L (ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, enoxacin, enrofloxacin, and norfloxacin) and 1 × 10 −8 mol/L (difloxacin hydrochloride) under the enrichment and enhancement of Fe 3 O 4 @mTiO 2 @Ag NPs. Additionally, there was a good quantitative relationship between the antibiotics concentrations and SERS peak intensities within a certain detection range. The results of the spiked assay of actual aquaculture water samples showed that the recoveries of the six antibiotics ranged from 82.9% to 113.5%, with relative standard deviations ranging from 1.71% to 7.24%. In addition, Fe 3 O 4 @mTiO 2 @Ag NPs achieved satisfactory results in assisting the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics in aqueous environments. This provides a multifunctional solution for low concentration detection and efficient degradation of antibiotics in aquaculture water.
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2023
·
IF 9.8
Yuling Zhong,Chenzhi Hou,Xinyi Gao,Mingyu Wang,Yan Yao,Mengyi Chen,Bin Di,Mengxiang Su
The illegal use of beta-agonists could cause severe problems to human health. In this study, the usage of beta-agonists in 31 cities across China was estimated using wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). The proposed method is based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) and LC-MS/MS and was developed and validated to determine the concentration of seven beta-agonists in wastewater. A population model based on cotinine (COT), NH 4 -N and the flow volume was constructed to estimate the population equivalents for different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Clenbuterol and ractopamine are banned in China for both animal husbandry and medical use, but were nevertheless detected in some wastewater samples at rates of 6.2 % and 4.7 %, respectively ( n = 339). The WBE-based consumption of clenbuterol and ractopamine were compared with the acceptable daily intake (ADI) and the health risks were assessed by their hazard quotients (0.26–6.62 for clenbuterol and 9.27 × 10 −4 -0.05 for ractopamine). Salbutamol, clorprenaline and terbutaline were observed in practically all wastewater samples at concentrations of up to several ng/L, whereas the formoterol and bambuterol concentrations were below the detection limit in all samples. Salbutamol consumption (7.35 ± 4.14 mg/1000 inh/day) was highest among the examined beta-agonists and varied regionally. Beta-agonist consumption based on WBE was higher in some cities than that based on medical survey data, indicating potential illegal use. These results show that WBE can be a straightforward and supplementary method for monitoring beta-agonist usage at the population level and spatially.
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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 6.7
Yichuan Chen,Wenlong Li,Yan Yang,Ruitong Zhong,Huiyan Hu,Chunxia Huang,Jing Chen,Lijuan Liang,Yunjun Liu
Two polypyridyl ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(DIP) 2 (BIP)](PF 6 ) 2 (DIP = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthrolie, BIP = 2-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-1 H -imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, Ru1) and [Ru(DIP) 2 (CBIP)](PF 6 ) 2 (CBIP = 2-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-1 H -imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, Ru2) were synthesized. The cytotoxic activities in vitro of Ru1, Ru2 toward B16, A549, HepG2, SGC-7901, HeLa, BEL-7402, non-cancer LO2 were investigated using MTT method (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole)-2,5-diphenltetraazolium bromide). Unexpectedly, Ru1, Ru2 can't prevent these cancer cells proliferation . To improve the anti-cancer effect, we used liposomes to entrap the complexes Ru1, Ru2 to form Ru1lipo, Ru2lipo. As expectation, Ru1lipo and Ru2lipo exhibit high anti-cancer efficacy, especially, Ru1lipo (IC 50 3.4 ± 0.1 μM), Ru2lipo (IC 50 3.5 ± 0.1 μM) display strong ability to block the cell proliferation in SGC-7901. The cell colony, wound healing, and cell cycle distribution show that the complexes can validly inhibit the cell growth at G2/M phase. Apoptotic studied with Annex V/PI doubling method showed that Ru1lipo and Ru2lipo can effectively induce apoptosis . Reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde , glutathione and GPX4 demonstrate that Ru1lipo and Ru2lipo improve ROS and malondialdehyde levels, inhibit generation of glutathione, and finally result in a ferroptosis . Ru1lipo and Ru2lipo interact on the lysosomes and mitochondria and damage mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, Ru1lipo and Ru2lipo increase intracellular Ca 2+ concentration and induce autophagy. The RNA-sequence and molecular docking were performed, the expression of Bcl-2 family was investigated by Western blot analysis . Antitumor in vivo experiments confirm that 1.23 mg/kg, 2.46 mg/kg of Ru1lipo possesses a high inhibitory rate of 53.53% and 72.90% to prevent tumor growth, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) results show that Ru1lipo doesn't cause chronic organ damage and strongly promotes the necrosis of solid tumor . Taken together, we conclude that Ru1lipo and Ru2lipo cause cell death through the following pathways: autophagy, ferroptosis, ROS-regulated mitochondrial dysfunction, and blocking the PI3K/AKT/mTOR.
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Journal of Physical Chemistry C
·
2023
·
IF 3.7
Wei-Wei Wang,Yu Gu,Chen-Xi Liu,Jiawei Yan,Bing-Wei Mao
The morphology of Li deposition has a profound effect on the cycling performance of a Li-metal battery. However, in situ research studies on the targeted regulation of Li deposition behavior and exploration of the thermodynamic and kinetic factors affecting Li deposition morphology are quite limited. Herein, we employ in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the effects of lithium iodide (LiI) additive on the evolution of Li deposition morphology in propylene carbonate (PC)-based electrolyte. The spherical Li deposits formed via three-dimensional (3D) nucleation and growth partially transform into planar morphology after the addition of 10 mM LiI, leading to a combined 3D nucleation and quasi-two-dimensional (2D) growth behavior. Complemented by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) profiling analysis and AFM nanomechanical characterization, the composition, structure, and properties of solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) are comprehensively inspected. The SEI formed in the LiI-containing electrolyte bears an inorganic–organic hybrid structure with improved mechanical flexibility, compared with the rigid and thick SEI formed in the basic electrolyte. Meanwhile, the possible interfacial adsorption of Ĩ– contributes to the uniform distribution of Li+ and rapid diffusion of the Li atom. This work reveals the importance of an additive in regulating the Li deposition behavior, which is helpful in improving the Li-metal battery performance.
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Foods
·
2023
·Vol. 12
·期 11
·2256
·
IF 5.2
Yachun Huang,Lin Zhang,Jielun Hu,Huan Liu
The objective of this research was to encapsulate probiotics by alginate hydrogel beads based on an in situ cultivation method and investigate the influences on the cell loading capacity, surface and internal structure of hydrogel beads and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion property of cells. Hydrogel beads were prepared by extrusion and cultured in MRS broth to allow probiotics to grow inside. Up to 10.34 ± 0.02 Log CFU/g of viable cell concentration was obtained after 24 h of in situ cultivation, which broke through the bottleneck of low viable cell counts in the traditional extrusion method. Morphology and rheological analyses showed that the structure of the eventually formed probiotic hydrogel beads can be loosed by the existence of hydrogen bond interaction with water molecules and the internal growth of probiotic microcolonies, while it can be tightened by the acids metabolized by the probiotic bacteria during cultivation. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion analysis showed that great improvement with only 1.09 Log CFU/g of loss in viable cells was found after the entire 6 h of digestion. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that probiotic microcapsules fabricated by in situ cultivation method have the advantages of both high loading capacity of encapsulated viable cells and good protection during gastrointestinal digestion.Keywords:microencapsulation;probiotic;alginate;hydrogel beads;in situ cultivation
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）