POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2016
·Vol. 27
·期 11
·1451-1457
·
IF 1.823
Peng Li,Chenguang Yao,Guisheng Yang
Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/ZnO nanocomposites were successfully prepared by dual in situ polymerization. Firstly, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple polyol method using 1,3-propanediol (PDO) as solvent and stabilizer. Then, PTT/ZnO nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectra showed that PTT molecular chains were grafted to the surface of ZnO nanoparticles. The results of 1 H NMR spectra confirmed that propyl ester molecules (as reaction product) were incorporated into PTT molecular chains. It was found that the intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight of synthesized PTT decreased with the addition of ZnO nanoparticles and the incorporation of propyl ester molecules. TEM results showed that ZnO nanoparticles with particle size of 20 ~ 30 nm were well dispersed and fully distributed in the polymer matrix. Besides, the melting temperatures and crystallization temperature decreased gradually and then increased slightly with the increasing loading of ZnO nanoparticles. Because of the strong interaction between ZnO nanoparticles and PTT matrix, the thermal stability of PTT/ZnO nanocomposites was improved. Interestingly, the results of Polarized Optical Microscopy showed that banded spherulites morphology can be observed in all PTT/ZnO nanocomposite samples. However, at higher loading of ZnO nanoparticles, band spacing became larger and was finally disturbed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·Vol. 32
·期 1
·e3966
·
IF 2.319
Shuaishuai Ma,Qing Li,Zhilan Cai,Zhaolian Ye,Yuming Zhou
Novel ZnO/N-doped helical carbon nanotubes (ZnO/N-HCNTs) composites were successfully synthesized via a facile chemical precipitation approach at room temperature. The sample was well characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–vis DRS). The photocatalytic activity was evaluated in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) aqueous solution under UV light irradiation. It is found that ZnO nanoparticles were highly and uniformly anchored on the surface and inner tubes of the N-HCNTs with size of about 5 nm, and significantly enhanced the photocatalytic activity compared to pure ZnO. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of ZnO/N-HCNTs composites can be ascribed to the integrative synergistic effect of effective interfacial hybridization between N-HCNTs and ZnO nanoparticles and the prolonged lifetime of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Moreover, the ZnO/N-HCNTs could be easily recycled without any obvious decrease in photocatalytic activity and could be promote their application in the area of environmental remediation.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2016
·
IF 3.15
Xiaoyuan Zhang,Jianning Wu,Guihua Meng,Xuhong Guo,Chang Liu,Zhiyong Liu
For the first time, novel multifunctional superparamagnetic PANI–Fe 3 O 4 @ZnO core–shell composite photocatalysts with different PANI: ZnO ratios were synthesized by Pickering emulsion route in one step in the presence of ZnO nanoparticles. PANI–Fe 3 O 4 @ZnO core–shell microspheres consist of PANI core which embedded with Fe 3 O 4 -OA (oleic acid modified Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles and tunable ZnO shell thickness. The resulting samples were thoroughly studied by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The catalytic activity of the as-prepared PANI–Fe 3 O 4 @ZnO core–shell microspheres is investigated by the degradation of MB under visible light irradiation. As expected, the as prepared PANI–Fe 3 O 4 @ZnO photocatalysts exhibit highly enhanced photocatalytic activities in the degradation of MB under visible light irradiation owing to fast separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs. Significantly, the PANI–Fe 3 O 4 @ZnO catalysts can be separated from the reaction media by applying an external magnet, and can be reused for seven cycles without change in stability and degradation efficiency.
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
·
2016
·Vol. 17
·期 11
·1849-1857
·
IF 1.022
Zhang Bin,Han Jian
The poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc)/zinc oxide (ZnO) microcapsule and PVAc/titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) microcapsule were synthesized via in-situ emulsion polymerization method. The PVAc/ZnO microcapsule and PVAc/TiO 2 microcapsule were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis(TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis). Effect of PVAc/ZnO microcapsule and PVAc/TiO 2 microcapsule on properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was evaluated by UV-vis, SEM and mechanical properties test. The results showed that the addition of PVAc/ZnO and PVAc/TiO 2 microcapsules as a UV-blocking additive could significantly enhance UV-blocking property of PLA/PVAc/ZnO microcapsule composites and PLA/PVAc/TiO 2 microcapsule composites compared with pure PLA, PLA/ZnO composites and PLA/TiO 2 composites. The mechanical properties of PLA/PVAc/ZnO microcapsule composites were better than those of PLA/ZnO composites due to good dispersability and compatibility of PVAc/ZnO microcapsule in PLA matrix. Also, the mechanical properties of PLA/PVAc/TiO 2 microcapsule composites were better than those of pure PLA and PLA/TiO 2 composites. This study demonstrates the great potentials of the intrinsically UV shield additive PVAc/ZnO and PVAc/TiO 2 microcapsules in the application of high performance matrix resin and composite material.
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ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·
IF 2.478
Li Zhou,Benzhao He,Fangming Wu,Jia Wu
In this paper, we report for the first time that metal oxide nanocrystals (MONs) including magnetic Fe 3 O 4 and luminescent ZnO nanocrystals can be facilely synthesized through a one-step reaction by using castor oil (CO) as both stabilizer and reaction solvent. The obtained MONs with relatively uniform size (2–5 nm) show high solution dispersibility and stability. The existence of CO components on the surfaces of MONs was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis and FTIR characterizations. Benefiting from the presence of CO components, the MONs possess multiple surface hydroxyl groups that can be easily tailored. Moreover, the MONs exhibit favorable compatibility with polymer (e.g., poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)) and can not only endow the polymer with magnetic or luminescent properties but also enhance the UV-shielding and mechanical properties of polymer. Considering the simple synthetic process and robust performance of the MONs, this study may open up new opportunities for the practical applications of MONs.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2017
·
IF 5.651
Zheng-Zhe Zhang,Jia-Jia Xu,Zhi-Jian Shi,Ya-Fei Cheng,Zheng-Quan Ji,Rui Deng,Ren-Cun Jin
The increasing application of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) has posed an emerging challenge to wastewater treatment processes. The short-term impacts of CuNPs, CuONPs, ZnONPs and AgNPs on anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process were investigated firstly in this study. CuONPs, ZnONPs and AgNPs up to 50 mg g −1 suspended solid (SS) did not affect anammox activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production or cell membrane integrity. However, 1.25 mg g −1 SS CuNPs significantly inhibited the anammox activity and the loads that caused 50% inhibition were 4.64 ± 1.24 and 3.27 ± 0.79 mg g −1 SS for anammox granules and flocs, respectively. 5 mg g −1 SS CuNPs caused serious accumulation of the toxic intermediate N 2 H 4 . Furthermore, CuNPs interacted with extracellular polymeric substances by specifically bonding to tyrosine or tryptophan-containing groups, C-O-C in polysaccharides and –OH in polymeric compounds. Therefore, this study calls for more attention to the risks of NPs to the anammox-based processes.
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ACS Catalysis
·
2016
·
IF 9.307
Jie Sun,Qiuxia Cai,Yan Wan,Shaolong Wan,Li Wang,Jingdong Lin,Donghai Mei,Yong Wang
The promotional effects of a cesium promoter on higher alcohol (C2+OH) synthesis from syngas over Cs2O-Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts were investigated using a combined experimental and density functional theory (DFT) calculation method. In the presence of a cesium promoter, the C2+OH productivity increases from 77.1 to 157.3 g kgcat–1 h–1 at 583 K due to the enhancement of the initial C–C bond formation. A detailed analysis of chain growth probabilities (CGPs) confirms that initial C–C bond formation is the rate-determining step in the temperature range of 543–583 K. Addition of a cesium promoter significantly increases the productivities of 2-methyl-1-propanol, while the CGP values (C3* to 2-methyl-C3*) are almost unaffected. With the assistance of a cesium promoter, the CGPs of the initial C–C bond formation step (C1* to C2*) increase from 0.13 to 0.25 at 583 K. DFT calculations indicate that the initial C–C bond formation during syngas synthesis over the ZnCu(211) model surface is mainly due to the HCO + HCO coupling. In the presence of Cs2O, the stabilities of key intermediates such as HCO and H2CO are enhanced, which facilitates both HCO + HCO and HCO + H2CO coupling steps with lower activation barriers. In addition, Bader charge analysis suggests that the presence of cesium ions could facilitate nucleophilic coupling between HCO and H2CO for the initial C–C bond formation.
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POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2024
·Vol. 35
·期 6
·e6474
·
IF 3.1
Yi Li,Ning Zhang,Yanchao Zhu,Min Cheng,Shuang Gao
In this work, surface-modified Ce-Zr oxides and ZnO nanoparticles were conveniently prepared by dopamine (Dpa) treatment and then composited with epoxy (EP) by hot pressing. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and UV-shielding properties of the EP composites with surface modification with Dpa-CZ and Dpa-ZnO were measured. The TGA results showed that the modified treated fillers had no loss of heat resistance of the matrix and had an enhancement effect on the initial and maximum decomposition temperatures. In addition, the UV-shielding properties of EP composites after Dpa-CZ and Dpa-ZnO modifications both showed a significant enhancement effect compared to pure EP. The T(UVA) of the 0.5 wt% Dpa-ZnO modified composite decreased to less than 0.017%, and the T(UVB) decreased to less than 0.0059%. The T(UVA) of the 0.5 wt% Dpa-CZ modified composite decreased to less than 15.98%, and the T(UVB) decreased to below 1.14%. The composites have both excellent thermal stability and UV-shielding efficiency.
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RSC Advances
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 18
·12954-12965
·
IF 3.9
Thi Viet Ha Luu,Hong Yen Xuan Nguyen,Quoc Thang Nguyen,Quang Bac Nguyen,Thi Ha Chi Nguyen,Ngoc Chuc Pham,Xuan Dung Nguyen,Trung Kien Nguyen,Ngoc Nhiem Dao
This study attempted to improve the photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide (ZnO) semiconductors in the visible light region by introducing the co-doping of carbon (C) and tantalum (Ta) to ZnO (ZTC) using a simple hydrothermal method with the respective precursors. The obtained uniform ZTC nanoparticles with an average crystal size of 29.30 nm (according to Scherrer's equation) revealed a redshift with a decrease in bandgap (Eg) from 3.04 eV to 2.88 eV, allowing the obtained photocatalyst to absorb the energy of the visible light for photocatalysis. Furthermore, the Zn 2p and Ta 4f core level spectra confirmed the presence of Zn2+ and Ta5+ in the ZTC sample. In addition, the infrared spectra identified hydrogen-related defects (HRDs), while the O 1s spectra indicated the existence of oxygen vacancies (VO). Electrochemical tests revealed improvement in the electron conductivity and charge separation of the obtained materials. To follow, the photocatalytic performance assessment was conducted by varying the C/Zn2+ ratios (5, 10, and 15 mol%) in ZTC samples, the initial RhB concentration (7, 15, and 30 ppm), and the pH of the RhB solution (3.0–10.0). The photodegradation on ZTC samples showed the most effectiveness for a 7 ppm RhB solution with a C/Zn2+ ratio of 10 mol% in the slightly alkaline medium (pH 9.0). Additionally, ZTC also exhibited commendable durability after being reused several times. The nature of RhB photodegradation was proposed and discussed via a mechanism at the end of this work.
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SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2017
·
IF 4.784
Shuaipu Zang,Yinglin Wang,Meiying Li,Wei Su,Hancheng Zhu,Xintong Zhang,Yichun Liu
Preparation of electron transport layer (ETL) with high uniformity by convenient and low-temperature process is of essential importance for the future development of colloidal quantum dot solar cells (CQDSCs) into large-area and flexible devices. Herein we utilized magnetron sputtering technique to deposit ZnO thin film as the ETL of PbS CQDSCs. The ZnO film deposited at ambient temperature displayed preferential growth along (001) direction, pinhole free morphology, and good optical transmittance . On rigid SnO 2 :F (FTO) conductive glass substrates , PbS CQDSCs with sputtered ZnO ETL achieved a power conversion efficiency of 6.47% under AM 1.5 G simulated solar irradiation , which was higher than the 6.02% efficiency of the CQDSC fabricated on the benchmarked ZnO nanocrystals ETL. The good uniformity of sputtered ZnO film also facilitated the consistency of photovoltaic parameters of big-sized CQDSCs, as demonstrated by the similar output of four series-connected CQDSC units fabricated in one batch with a total active area of 14.4 cm 2 . Flexible PbS CQDSCs was also fabricated on the sputtered ZnO ETL, using In 2 O 3 :Sn-coated polyethylene terephthalate (ITO-PET) as the substrate, which achieved a power conversion efficiency of 3.87% and displayed negligible decline of the photovoltaic parameters after 100-time bending treatment. Our research demonstrates that the magnetron-sputtered ZnO film, with favorable features of low-temperature process, large-area continuity, and high bending tolerance, presents promising potential for the future development of PbS CQDSCs.
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SENSORS
·
2024
·Vol. 24
·期 21
·6931
·
IF 3.4
Qilin Wang,Wei Wang,Yizhuo Fan,Jian Fang,Yu Chen,Shengping Ruan
Ethyl acetate is a critical medical indicator for detecting certain types of cancer. However, at present, available sensitive materials often exhibit drawbacks, such as high operating temperatures and poor responses to low concentrations of ethyl acetate. In this study, a ZnO nanorod sensing material was prepared using high-temperature annealing and a hydrothermally synthesized metal-organic framework (MOF) as a template. Au nanodots (AuNDs) were subsequently modified on the ZnO nanorods using an in situ ion reduction, which provided a better dispersion of Au nanodots compared with that obtained using the common reductant method. A variety of characterization methods indicate that the highly dispersed AuNDs, which possess a high catalytic activity, were loaded onto the surface as active centers, leading to a significant augmentation in the adsorption of oxygen on the surface compared with the original ZnO material. Consequently, the AuND@ZnO material exhibited heightened responsiveness to ethyl acetate at a lower operating temperature. The Au@ZnO-based sensor has a response rate (Ra/Rg) of 41.8 to 20 ppm ethyl acetate gas at 140 °C, marking a 17.4-fold increase compared with that of the original material. Due to its low power consumption and high responsiveness, AuND@ZnO is a promising candidate for the detection of ethyl acetate gas in medical applications.
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TALANTA
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
En Han,Ting Gao,Ming Bao,Jianrong Cai
A novel strategy based on flower-like nanocomposite combined with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) was developed to achieve electrochemical sensing toward tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) with high sensitivity and selectivity. The flower-like nanocomposite of gold nanoparticles functionalized zinc oxide nanoflowers (ZnO@Au NFs) was prepared by one-step in-situ reduction of gold nanoparticles on the exterior of zinc oxide nanoflowers. Subsequently, the electrodeposition of MIP was taken place on the surface of three-dimensional ZnO@Au NFs in the presence of monomer pyrrole and template molecule TBHQ by cyclic voltammetry, and the morphology of imprinted films could be clearly observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The nanocomposite of ZnO@Au NFs provided a specific surface area of 9.94 m 2 /g for MIP electrodepositing due to a good deal of three-dimensional petal-like structures. More importantly, the obtained flower-like MIP nanocomposite increased the electroactive area and promoted the electrical signal when TBHQ was oxidized in the imprinted cavities, which significantly improved the sensitivity and selectivity for TBHQ determination. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed sensor was able to determine TBHQ within a broad linear range from 0.5 to 200 μM, with a detection limit as low as 58 nM. Besides, the practicability of this sensor was validated in real samples, obtaining well-pleasing recoveries from 95.0 % to 106.6 %. This flower-like MIP-based electrochemical sensor showed high sensitivity, good specificity and acceptable reproducibility, providing a promising platform for highly sensitive sensing of TBHQ.
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