Frontiers in Marine Science
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2021
·
IF 4.912
Han Yijing,Hu Gege,Chen Yuying,Chen Lizhu,Yu Daode,Zhang Qianqian,Yang Dinglong
Although defensins have been isolated from a variety of metazoan, their role in cellular immunity has not been answered. In the study, we found that the hemocytes of the Manila clams Ruditapes philippinarum release defensin (designated as Rpdef3) in response to Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge. The antimicrobial Rpdef3 was proved to be involved in the extracellular traps (ETs) that hemocytes released in response to Vibrio challenge. Scanning electron microscopy observation proved the patterns how ETs eliminate invading bacteria. Furthermore, Rpdef3 involved in ETs had broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect on both Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria. ELISA assay revealed that Rpdef3 could bind lipopolysaccharides and peptidoglycan in a dose-dependent manner. As concerned to the antibacterial mechanisms, Rpdef3 can cause bacterial membrane permeabilization, leading to cell death. As a result, Rpdef3 might contribute to the trap and the elimination of invading Vibrio in clam ETs. Taken together, our study suggest that the formation of ETs is a defense mechanism triggered by bacterial stimulation, coupled with antibacterial defensin.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2021
·
IF 19.503
Zhijun Li,Xiaowen Lu,Weiwei Sun,Leipeng Leng,Mingyang Zhang,Honghong Li,Lu Bai,Dundong Yuan,J. Hugh Horton,Qian Xu,Jun Wang
The pathway for efficient catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of biomass represents a powerful, yet challenging route for production of value-added liquid fuels. Herein, we describe a one-step synthetic approach to fabricate WO 2.72 decorated with atomically dispersed palladium atoms that bond covalently to the nearby oxygen atoms. The presence of isolated palladium atoms is confirmed by spherical aberration correction electron microscopy, extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurement, and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. This catalyst manifests outstanding catalytic performance in hydrodeoxygenation of vanillin to yield 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol (MMP) efficiently and selectively, along with exceptional stability and scalability. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that this high activity results from the unique electronic structure of isolated palladium atoms confined in defective WO 2.72 . These findings may pave the way for the facile creation of single atom catalysts in a coordination-engineered strategy for the advance of single atom catalysis.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Xibang Chen,Lang Sheng,Shuangxiao Li,Yu Cui,Tingrui Lin,Xueyan Que,Zhonghe Du,Zeyu Zhang,Jing Peng,Huiling Ma,Jiuqiang Li,Jingyi Qiu,Maolin Zhai
Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) have drawn considerable attention as a result of their high catalytic activities for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this work, a three-dimensional (3D) porous Co x P ordered nanoarray structure was successfully deposited on nickel foam (denoted as NF@Co x P, 1 ≦ x ≦ 2) via a strategy involving facile gamma ray irradiation and annealing without the use of reducing agent. By modulating the annealing temperature in the synthetic process for NF@Co x P, 3D porous ordered nanoarray composites exhibiting inherently superhydrophilic and superaerophobic properties were produced, the physical properties were confirmed with the use of various in-situ test techniques. The superhydrophilic properties of NF@Co x P help to increase the rate of ion transfer between the Co x P and the electrolyte. Additionally, in-situ verification of the superaerophobic properties showed that they are beneficial for quick release of the generated H 2 bubbles from the surface of NF@Co x P electrode, which was analyzed by coupling a 3D confocal microscope with an electrochemical workstation for the first time. As expected, when the resulting NF@Co x P composites were employed as catalyst electrodes for the HER in a 1 M KOH electrolyte, the 3D porous ordered nanoarray structure exhibited an overpotential of 272 mV at the current density of 200 mA cm −2 , which was much higher than those of commercial 20%Pt/C catalysts. Therefore, the synthetic strategy for producing NF@Co x P composites with 3D porous ordered nanoarray structures showed high potential for application in the HER.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Xiaolin Luo,Zhenggang Gong,Guangxu Yang,Liulian Huang,Lihui Chen,Li Shuai
Practical, high-yield conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to bulk chemicals is the goal of a profitable biorefinery. However, the development of current biorefining industries is highly restricted by process complexity and processing cost. In this article, we developed a one-pot oxidative process and a one-pot reductive process that allowed selective conversion of lignocellulosic biomass (e.g. hardwood) to multiple bulk chemicals such as monophenolics, diols, and organic acids in total yields of up to 96.8 wt%. Alkali was used to catalyze the disruption of biomass components via retro -aldol reactions to small active intermediate molecules, which were in-situ oxidized or reduced to stable products. As a result, monophenolics, which were derived from lignin, reached an unprecedented yield of 59.3 wt% (71.9 mol%, on the basis of lignin content). Organic acids also reached an unprecedented yield of 111.7 wt% (77.8 C%, on the basis of polysaccharide content). The diverse chemicals could meet broad needs of our society. Cost analysis indicates that the current processes could be profitable in the petrochemical-dominated market.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2021
·
IF 19.503
Yi Ren,Jinyan Yu,Jingyue Zhang,Lu Lv,Weiming Zhang
Iron-copper bimetals for Fenton-like catalysis were developed, due to efficient enhancement of catalytic activity by iron-copper synergy. However, deviation exists in mechanism analysis of multi-effect catalysis. In this study, a new in-situ strategy of shielding Fe(II) and Cu(I) from further reaction by trapping agents was developed, for analysis of iron catalysis alone, copper catalysis alone and synergistic effect in bimetallic catalyst systems. Inhibition efficiency and influence of trapping agents on Fe(II)/Cu(I) catalysis were quantitatively evaluated for reliability confirmation and method correction. The possible application scope was identified as pH of 4–6, and this strategy was available for analysis of five different groups of catalysts. The potential superiority and difference of the proposed strategy compared with current ex-situ strategy were also analyzed. The overestimation (12.1%–35.4%) of copper catalysis and biased analysis (0.1%–12.6%) of iron catalysis by ex-situ strategy can be alleviated, thereby improving accuracy for synergistic effect. In summary, this study proposed a new strategy to improve the understanding of iron-copper bimetallic catalysis, which can provide reference for other polymetallic catalysis analysis development.
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Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
·
2021
·Vol. 22
·期 5
·1-12
·
IF 2.447
Yiqiang Li,Mingwei Zhu,Xuemei Lin,Jingchun Li,Zhe Yuan,Yanhan Liu,Hongwen Xu
Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease that is caused by mutations in the NF1 gene. Various studies have previously demonstrated that the mTOR complex 1 signaling pathway is essential for the NF1‑modulated osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Additionally, the mTOR signaling pathway plays a notable role in autophagy. The present study hypothesized that NF1 could modulate the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by regulating the autophagic activities of BMSCs. In the present study, human BMSCs were cultured in an osteogenic induction medium. The expression of the NF1 gene was either knocked down or overexpressed by transfection with a specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting NF1 or the pcDNA3.0 NF1‑overexpression plasmid, respectively. Autophagic activities of BMSCs (Beclin‑1, P62, LC3B I, and LC3B II) were determined using western blotting, electron microscopy, acridine orange (AO) staining and autophagic flux/lysosomal detection by fluorescence microscopy. In addition, the autophagy activator rapamycin (RAPA) and inhibitor 3‑methyladenine (3‑MA) were used to investigate the effects of autophagy on NF1‑modulated osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Inhibiting NF1 with siRNA significantly decreased the expression levels of autophagy markers Beclin‑1 and LC3B‑II, in addition to osteogenic differentiation markers osterix, runt‑related transcription factor 2 and alkaline phosphatase. By contrast, overexpressing NF1 with pcDNA3.0 significantly increased their levels. Transmission electron microscopy, AO staining and autophagic flux/lysosomal detection assays revealed that the extent of autophagosome formation was significantly decreased in the NF1‑siRNA group but significantly increased in the NF1‑pcDNA3.0 group when compared with the NC‑siRNA and pcDNA3.0 groups, respectively. In addition, the activity of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway [phosphorylated (p)‑PI3K, p‑AKT, p‑mTOR and p‑p70S6 kinase] was significantly upregulated in the NF1‑siRNA group compared with the NC‑siRNA group, and significantly inhibited in the NF1‑pcDNA3.0 group, compared with the pcDNA3.0 group. The knockdown effects of NF1‑siRNA on the autophagy and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs were reversed by the autophagy activator RAPA, while the overexpression effects of NF1‑pcDNA3.0 on the autophagy and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs were reversed by the autophagy inhibitor 3‑MA. In conclusion, results from the present study suggest at the involvement of autophagy in the NF1‑modulated osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Furthermore, NF1 may partially regulate the autophagic activity of BMSCs through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
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2021
·Vol. 22
·期 16
·8949
·
IF 5.924
Huiqing Luo,Na Li,Liyan Liu,Huaqiao Wang,Feng He
Fluorophores with aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) properties have attracted increasing interest in recent years. On the basis of our previous research, we successfully designed and synthesized eleven chalcones. Through an optical performance experiment, we confirmed that compounds1–6had obvious AIEE properties. As these AIEE molecules had excellent fluorescence properties and a large Stokes shift, we studied their application in living cell imaging, and the results showed that these compounds had low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility at the experimental concentrations. More importantly, they could specifically label mitochondria. Subsequently, we selected zebrafish as experimental animals to explore the possibilities of these compounds in animal imaging. The fluorescence imaging of zebrafish showed that these AIEE molecules can enter the embryo and can be targeted to aggregate in the digestive tract, which provides a strong foundation for their practical application in the field of biological imaging. Compared with traditional fluorophores, these AIEE molecules have the advantages of possessing a small molecular weight and high flexibility. Therefore, they have excellent application prospects in the field of biological imaging. In addition, the findings of this study have very positive practical significance for the discovery of more AIEE molecules.Keywords:AIEE;chalcone;mitochondria;zebrafish
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TALANTA
·
2021
·
IF 6.057
Jian Zhang,Chengan Guo,Xinming Huo,Xiaoxiao Ma,Xin Li,Zeper Abliz,Yao Chu,Xiaohao Wang,Fei Tang
In recent years, the development of unsaturated lipid isomeric imaging based on the Paternò–Büchi (PB) reaction has improved significantly. However, research on this imaging method in ambient conditions needs to expand. In this paper, a method of PB reaction in the solid phase in ambient conditions is developed, which is combined with air-flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (AFADESI-MS) to achieve in situ imaging of lipids at an isomeric level. Experiments showed that the efficiency of the PB reaction was much higher when spraying the reagent solution than when sprinkling the reactant powder directly, and it was not lower than that in the liquid phase. This method can simplify the reaction conditions in the imaging process and can be applied to tissue section samples with only 10 min of pre-processing. The study successfully demonstrated the spatial distribution of unsaturated lipid isomers, and the isomeric ratio corresponded to the lesion areas in mouse brain cancer tissues. Due to its simple operation and performance in ambient conditions, this method may be useful for future studies on lipid isomers in tissues.
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Biofabrication
·
2021
·Vol. 13
·期 4
·045026
·
IF 10.02
You Zhou,Shenglong Liao,Yanji Chu,Bin Yuan,Xinglei Tao,Xiaohua Hu,Yapei Wang
Bioprinting is an attractive technology for building tissues from scratch to explore entire new cell configurations, which brings numerous opportunities for biochemical research such as engineering tissues for therapeutic tissue repair or drug screening. However, bioprinting is faced with the limited number of suitable bioinks that enable bioprinting with excellent printability, high structural fidelity, physiological stability, and good biocompatibility, particularly in the case of extrusion-based bioprinting. Herein, we demonstrate a composite bioink based on gelatin, bacterial cellulose (BC), and microbial transglutaminase (mTG enzyme) with outstanding printing controllability and durable architectural integrity. BC, as a rheology modifier and mechanical enhancer component, endows the bioink with shear-thinning behavior. Moreover, the printed structure becomes robust under physiological conditions owing to the in situ chemical crosslinking catalyzed by mTG enzyme. Lattice, bowl, meniscus, and ear structures are printed to demonstrate the printing feasibility of such a composite bioink. Furthermore, the 3D-printed cell-laden constructs are proved to be a conducive biochemical environment that supports growth and proliferation of the encapsulated cells in vitro. In addition, the in vivo studies convince that the composite bioink possesses excellent biocompatibility and biodegradation. It is believed that the innovation of this new composite bioink will push forward the bioprinting technology onto a new stage.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Yue Ma,Qifang Sun,Su Wang,Ying Zhou,Dawei Song,Hongzhou Zhang,Xixi Shi,Lianqi Zhang
Favorable interface is essential for the implementation of high energy density and high safety solid-state lithium metal battery (SSLMB). The in-situ transformation of electrolyte from liquid to solid-state is of great significance for the compatibility of interface. Herein, an in-situ polymerized glycerin triglycidyl ether (PGTE) solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) featuring excellent ion transfer capability, superior interfacial compatibility and cross-linked structure is developed by the initiation of optimal LiDFOB following cationic catalytic mechanism. Ionic conductivity of 4.16 × 10 -4 S cm −1 is achieved at 60 °C due to the superiority of oxyethylene repeating units (C–C-O/C-O-C), and a discharge capacity of 135.2 mAhg −1 is obtained after 200 cycles at 0.2C for LiFePO 4 (LFP)/PGTE/Li battery. More importantly, as a Li salt initiated SPE, the in-situ polymerization process of PGTE is firstly investigated via ex-situ FT-IR, the ring opening catalytic activity of Lewis acid on epoxide is evaluated and the order of LiDFOB＞LiPF 6 ＞AlCl 3 is revealed. Furthermore, the effect of in-situ prepared SPE on electrode/electrolyte interface is innovatively explored using in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The stable interfacial passivation layer is generated at platform voltage and the maximum value of average diffusion coefficient is also obtained at the plateau.
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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B
·
2019
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IF 5.808
Fangfang Li,Zongliang Liu,Heyuan Sun,Chunmei Li,Wenyan Wang,Liang Ye,Chunhong Yan,Jingwei Tian,Hongbo Wang
Gliomas are the most common primary intracranial neoplasms among all brain malignancies, and the microtubule affinity regulating kinases (MARKs) have become potential drug targets for glioma. Here, we report a novel dual small-molecule inhibitor of MARK3 and MARK4, designated as PCC0208017. In vitro, PCC0208017 strongly inhibited kinase activity against MARK3 and MARK4, and strongly reduced proliferation in three glioma cell lines. This compound attenuated glioma cell migration, glioma cell invasion, and angiogenesis. Molecular mechanism studies revealed that PCC0208017 decreased the phosphorylation of Tau, disrupted microtubule dynamics, and induced a G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. In an in vivo glioma model, PCC0208017 showed robust anti-tumor activity, blood–brain barrier permeability, and a good oral pharmacokinetic profile. Molecular docking studies showed that PCC0208017 exhibited high binding affinity to MARK3 and MARK4. Taken together, our study describes for the first time that PCC0208017, a novel MARK3/MARK4 inhibitor, might be a promising lead compound for treatment of glioma.
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ANALYST
·
2020
·Vol. 145
·期 6
·2331-2338
·
IF 3.978
Shushu Ding,Yunxia Xu,Qi Liu,Hui Gu,Anwei Zhu,Guoyue Shi
Ultrasensitive detection of monomeric β-amyloid peptides is of fundamental significance for studying the pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this article, by facilely engineering a gold microelectrode interface, we developed a novel electrochemical biosensor for sensitive and selective monitoring of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) monomers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Through specific Cu2+-Aβ-hemin coordination, Aβ directed the assembly of Cu2+-PEI/AuNPs-hemin nanoprobes into network aggregates on a microelectrode interface, which promoted the enrichment of Aβ monomers on the microelectrode. Furthermore, the AuNP aggregate promotes the deposition of silver nanoparticles, which were utilized for the electrochemical stripping analysis of the Aβ monomer. The proposed method displayed ultra-sensitivity for Aβ monomers with the detection limit down to 0.2 pM. Besides, high selectivity toward Aβ monomers was observed. These remarkable analytical performances render the electrochemical biosensor useful for evaluating the dynamic change of Aβ monomer level in CSF of live mice with AD, promoting the investigation of the role that Aβ monomers play in brain events.
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