Microbiome
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2025
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·1-23
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IF 12.7
Lin Chunxiu,Lin Yugui,Xiao Rui,Guo Min,Zhang Hao,Chen Wei,Wang Gang
Background Recent studies suggest a role of gut microbiota in the development of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, with bifidobacteria showing promise in alleviating symptoms. However, uncertainties persist regarding gut bifidobacterial species composition and their effects on bilirubin metabolism. Therefore, the study investigated the association between the gut microbiota and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, assessing the potential and underlying mechanisms of Bifidobacterium in managing the condition. Results Compared to the high-risk group (requiring clinical intervention), low-risk neonates (designated as controls without therapeutic needed) demonstrated a higher abundance of breastfeeding-associated Bifidobacterium species, including Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis , B. bifidum , and B. breve . In an experimental neonatal hyperbilirubinemia rat model, these Bifidobacterium species’ protective effects were demonstrated by reducing serum bilirubin levels, maintaining growth and development, and improving neurobehavioral reflexes. These benefits are associated with improved liver and intestinal barrier functions and reduced enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin. Among the various treatment groups, B. longum subsp. infantis exhibited the most potent effect, followed by B. bifidum and B. breve . Intestinal metabolism analysis revealed that the levels of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were increased and negatively correlated with bilirubin levels. These findings were further confirmed in the neonatal cohort study. Direct supplementation of these metabolites into the colon of neonatal rats improved disease phenotypes. In addition, both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the specific inhibitory effect of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on β-glucuronidase enzyme activity. Notably, both in vitro intestinal fermentation models and genomic analyses demonstrated that the three Bifidobacterium species cannot synthesize these unsaturated fatty acids due to the lack of related genes. However, data suggested that these species might promote the accumulation of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid by regulating the gut microbiota’s structure and function. Moreover, these species show species-specific genomic distribution patterns, which might influence the gut microbiota's α-linolenic and linoleic acid metabolism pathways, thereby affecting bilirubin levels. Conclusions The results indicate that Bifidobacterium species associated with breastfeeding can prevent neonatal hyperbilirubinemia by regulating the gut microbiota–α-linolenic and linoleic acid metabolism–enterohepatic circulation axis, increasing gut metabolites arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, and reducing the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin.
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NPG Asia Materials
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 1
·1-10
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IF 8.3
Zhang Jiayi,Chen Nairong,Zhu Zhiqiang,Huang Youhui,Chen Lihui,Li Feng
Introducing dynamics into bio-based adhesives shows many advantages on rendering mechanics and functions. However, the efficient employment of dynamic chemistry in achieving robust, stable, and reusable bio-based adhesives derived from low-value residues remains elusive. Here, we facilely develop a reused camellia meal-based adhesive integrating excellent mechanical robustness, environment durability, and mildew resistance through the cooperation of dual dynamic bonds. By deliberately harnessing dynamic covalent bonds as the first strong interlinking and dynamic noncovalent bonds as the second weak interaction, our strategy allows the resulting adhesive with a much-improved adhesion strength (2.1/1.06 MPa to wood in dry/wet condition) and remarkable adhesion maintenance against harsh environmental factors (organic solvents, salt, acid, alkali, temperature, soaking time). By virtue of these abundant dynamic bonds, this adhesive not only escapes from the inherent drawback of biomaterials to display enlarged anti-mildew efficacy, but also is capable of reprocessing to gain reusability. Combining these desirous characters with the simple two-step fabrication process, this study provides a great potential for the development of high-performance bio-based adhesives sustainably and intelligently.
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npj Materials Degradation
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2025
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·1-14
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IF 7.6
Xiang Tengfei,Chen Xuxin,Wang Jihuai,Liu Di,Cui Linjing,Wang Tao,Zhang Zhenya,Yang Yang,Zhang Shihong
Metal corrosion poses significant economic and safety challenges across industries, necessitating efficient cathodic protection strategies. Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) offers a promising self-powered solution by harvesting ambient mechanical energy. This study presents the design of TENG based on fluorinated ZIF-67/PDMS (F-ZIF-67/PDMS) composites for enhanced cathodic protection of 304 stainless steel (304SS). The present study integrates dual regulation of microstructure and surface energy to synergistically enhance the triboelectric performance. While loading 5 wt.% ZIF-67, the TENG achieved remarkable output performance with an open-circuit voltage of 187.14 V, short-circuit current of 37.46 μA, and transferred charge of 72.54 nC, delivering a peak power of 3.08 mW. When integrated with a cathodic protection system, the TENG significantly reduced the open-circuit potential (OCP) and the corrosion rate. This work advances the integration of MOF-based triboelectric materials with energy harvesting technologies, offering a sustainable approach to mitigating metal corrosion.
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Journal of Translational Medicine
·
2025
·Vol. 23
·期 1
·1-19
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IF 7.5
Xing Chunyang,Hu Wei,Zhao Liyuan
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common malignancies arising in bone. Hypoxia and immune regulation are pivotal in tumor biology. However, their combined effects and mechanisms in OS remain understudied. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of hypoxic-induced M2 macrophages in promoting the progression of OS.Methods Differentially expressed proteins in hypoxic macrophage supernatants were detected by antibody array. Cell functional experiments, siRNA-mediated gene silencing, and overexpression transfection were used to study osteopontin (OPN) and its supernatant effect. Bioinformatics analysis was applied to investigate downstream targets and pathways, and a xenograft model was established to assess in vivo effects.Results Our data revealed that hypoxic M2 macrophage supernatant enhanced OS malignancy and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, activating cancer pathways. Hypoxia upregulated OPN in M2 macrophages, and OPN inhibition reduced its tumor-promoting effect. Early growth response 3 (EGR3) was differentially expressed in OS cells treated with the supernatant, and its overexpression inhibited OS cell migration, reversing tumor promotion. Interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), a key differentially expressed gene related to OPN and EGR3 overexpression, inhibited OS cell proliferation and migration. Additionally, OPN increased retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) expression and enhanced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, nuclear factor kappa B, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling, while EGR3 and ISG15 overexpression inhibited these effects. Silencing ISG15 restored pathway activation and reversed the inhibitory effect of EGR3 on OS cell migration. Dual-Luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that EGR3 activates ISG15 transcription. OPN treatment upregulated DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) expression, and ChIP assays demonstrated that EGR3 overexpression enhanced DNMT1 binding to the EGR3 promoter. These findings suggest that OPN promotes OS malignancy by downregulating EGR3 and ISG15, and by enhancing RIG-I expression, as validated in a xenograft model of OS.Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that hypoxic-induced M2 macrophages promote OS progression through OPN-dependent mechanisms, including inhibition of EGR3 and ISG15 expression and upregulation of RIG-I.Graphical abstract
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Science China-Materials
·
2025
·
IF 7.4
He Lihua,Zou Yi,Li Chengtai,Duan Shuming,Ren Xiaochen,Hu Wenping
The development of brain-inspired neural network computing synaptic devices based on organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) represents a pivotal research frontier in neuromorphic computing and flexible electronics. These devices elucidate fundamental mechanistic parallels between biological neural networks and artificial systems, facilitating the paradigm shift in organic electronics from passive “sensing” to active “cognition”. This technological evolution enables loop perception-computation-decision architectures while unlocking transformative opportunities in intelligent hardware and medical technologies. Such pioneering advancements are poised to redefine the global semiconductor industry landscape by bridging neuromorphic engineering with next-generation bioelectronic applications, ultimately driving the convergence of adaptive learning systems and human-machine symbiotic interfaces. A low-voltage (1 V) C 8 -BTBT optoelectronic synaptic array (coefficient of variation in synaptic weight modulation: 8%) emulated human visual information processing under distinct cognitive states: dispersed-attention mode achieved rapid response and short-term plasticity, while focused-attention mode enabled noise suppression and long-term potentiation via carrier trapping modulation. This platform advances hardware-level perception-computation integration for biomimetic vision chips.
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CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY
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2025
·Vol. 82
·期 9
·1-18
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IF 2.6
Xu Wenyi,Guan Yinghua,Tian Liping,Fu Yu,Zhang Yinghui,Liu Yanhong,Hu Yanfei,Zhao Bowen,Wu Chongming
The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently surging, posing significant health and socioeconomic burdens. Probiotics have emerged as promising interventions due to their safety and potential metabolic benefits. Gut microbiota plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases in humans, offering valuable insights for therapeutic strategies such as probiotics. Here, aiming to identify novel probiotics from the human gut microbes to combat T2DM, a total of 203 human intestinal bacterial strains were screened in vitro to evaluate their enzymatic inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase, in which Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Glu-07 (= QH-142 = CGMCC 23796) exhibited the highest inhibitory efficacy (81.05% and 72.56% for α-glucosidase and α-amylase, respectively). In HepG2 cells, L. paracasei Glu-07 elevated glucose uptake and consumption by 22.4% and 85.8%. Oral administration of strain Glu-07 in diabetic mice significantly improved hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and restored the structure and composition of gut microbiota toward a healthier profile. Mechanistically, strain Glu-07 activated the AMPK-AKT1-GSK3β/FOXO1 signaling pathways by modulating the expression of key genes, enhanced glycolysis and fatty acid ꞵ-oxidation, and inhibited gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis. It also stimulated GLP-1 secretion, potentially via triggering the GPR41/43-GLP-1 axis, and increased the abundance of beneficial gut microbes, such as Akkermansia muciniphila (~ threefold). The dual regulations synergistically support strain Glu-07 as a promising probiotic candidate for T2DM management.
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
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2025
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IF 2.3
Mesbah Md Rubin,Imran Hossain Md,Hu Yi
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibers were successfully fabricated using natural dyes derived from turmeric and black tea via an electrospinning process, offering a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic dyes. This study addresses the environmental and health concerns associated with synthetic dyes by systematically optimizing the dyeing process. We determined that 80 °C for 60 min is ideal for turmeric dye extraction, while 60 °C for 60 min yields the best results for black tea, achieving superior color yield and mechanical performance. The incorporation of natural dyes significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of the nanofibers, with turmeric-dyed nanofibers exhibiting a tensile strength of 31 MPa and strain elongation of 153.21% and black tea-dyed nanofibers achieving a tensile strength of 45 MPa and 99% strain elongation. The dyed nanofibers demonstrated excellent colorfastness to washing, rubbing, and light exposure as evaluated by the ISO 105-C10:2006 standard method, ensuring their durability in practical applications. Additionally, the nanofibers exhibited functional properties, including UV protection, antibacterial activity, and antioxidant effects, making them suitable for applications in protective clothing, filtration membranes, tissue engineering scaffolds, and drug delivery systems. This research highlights the dual advantages of natural dyes in improving both the mechanical performance and functional properties of TPU nanofibers. By replacing synthetic dyes with natural alternatives, this study offers a sustainable solution to reduce the environmental impact of textile production and supports their commercialization.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2025
·Vol. 36
·期 19
·1-14
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IF 2.8
Xue Renzhong,Chu Yuanhong,Liu Xiaosong,Yang Yuping,Zhu Xiang
Bi 2/3 Cu 3 Ti 4 O 12 (BCTO) ceramics combine dual functions, namely dielectric and nonlinear current and voltage properties. Reducing dielectric loss (tan δ ) and improving nonlinear coefficient ( α ) and breakdown field strength ( E b ) are prerequisites for the application of these materials. In this work, BCTO- x wt.%AgNbO 3 (BCTO- x AN, x = 0 − 0.1) ceramics were prepared via solid state method. All ceramics exhibited a single cubic perovskite structure. AN addition led to a decrease in grain size and improved the compactness of BCTO ceramics. Optical band gap showed a downward trend with the increase in AN amount while grain boundary resistance and conduction activation energy increased to a large extent. Therefore, there was a noticeable drop in tan δ while dielectric constants ( ε ′) of samples still remained above 10 4 . AN doping also enhanced barrier height and improved nonlinear characteristics of ceramics. Finally, BCTO-0.08AN composite ceramic possessed the most optimum dielectric and nonlinear properties ( ε ′ of ~ 1.13 × 10 4 , tan δ of ~ 0.031 at 10 kHz, α of ~ 5.75, and E b of ~ 8.5 kV/cm). These results reveal that BCTO- x AN ceramics have great application potential for capacitor–varistor dual-function devices.
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Journal of Coatings Technology and Research
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2025
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IF 2.8
Ran Ke,Kang Fenghua,Zhou Wentao,Zhang Ziyuan,Li Yintao,He Zhiyu
The widely used indicator, 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)− 5-diethylaminophenol (Br-PADAP), can enable color tracing of radioactive contaminants when incorporated into strippable decontamination materials. However, its practical application is hindered by poor dispersion in aqueous substrates. To address this issue, this study prepared an amphiphilic diblock copolymer, PEA-b-PAA, using a one-pot synthesis method. Ethyl acrylate (EA) and acrylic acid (AA) were used as monomers, with S,S,S-trisulfanyl dibenzyl carbonate (DBTTC) serving as the initiator for reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Test results demonstrated that block copolymers with EA:AA monomer ratios of 2:1, 1.5:1, and 1:1 effectively dispersed and stabilized the Br-PADAP indicator. Among these, the copolymer with a 1.5:1 monomer ratio, added at a concentration of 4%, improved the mechanical properties of the peelable decontamination material without compromising the color tracing function of Br-PADAP. This enhancement facilitates practical applications by enabling incorporation into aqueous peelable substrates, while maintaining the indicator’s color development mechanism. The resulting materials exhibit both effective decontamination and reliable color tracing capabilities.
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
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2025
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IF 2.3
Tang Xiaoyan,Guo Xun,Qian Xiaoming,Duo Yongchao,Tang Yuanbing,Lan Yina,Fu Hiroshi
The compatibility of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyamide 6 (PA6) during melt-blending spinning plays a crucial role in ensuring good spinnability, while the drawing and fiber-splitting processes are key to forming ultrafine fibers. This study systematically investigates the Flory–Huggins interaction parameters between LDPE and PA6, as well as the fiber-splitting and drawing behaviors of unfigured sea–island composite fibers, with a focus on compatibility and fabrication techniques. The results reveal that the Flory–Huggins interaction parameters for LDPE and PA6 at different blend ratios are 0.0517 ± 0.0014, significantly exceeding the critical interaction threshold of 0.0091, indicating complete incompatibility between the two polymers. Through an in-depth analysis of the drawing process, it was found that after the drawing ratio of 4, the fiber fineness reached 3.7 dtex, with a fiber orientation of 78%, a breaking strength of 5.56 cN/dtex, and a breaking elongation of 41%. During the fiber-splitting process of LDPE/PA6 sea–island composite fibers, the optimal conditions were determined to be a splitting temperature of 90 °C, a splitting time of 60 min, and a degradation rate of 43%. Under these conditions, the composite fiber diameter significantly decreased from 27.04 μm to 0.85 μm. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing the manufacturing process and enhancing the performance of LDPE/PA6 composite fibers.
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JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
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2025
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IF 1.6
Tang Hui,Jiang Qiao,Zhu Songlin,Yang Qiang,Gu Hong,Liu Pei,Hong Tao,Li Zehua,Leng Yangchun
CO 2 may erode cement structure of geological disposal repository in the long-term disposal process. This study investigates the adsorption behavior and mechanism of carbonated cement for Co 2+ via characterization and adsorption experiments. Characterization experiments show that the carbonation does not change the adsorption mechanism of cement for Co 2+ . Adsorption experiments show that carbonation reduces the adsorption capacity of cement. In general, the adsorption of Co 2+ by both pristine and carbonated cement involves multiple mechanisms including ion exchange and chemical adsorption. This study provides critical data for safety assessments of the geological disposal repository.
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Light-Science & Applications
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2025
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·1-13
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IF 23.4
Zhang Qingkai,Yang Kaiyu,Luo Chengyu,Lin Zhihan,Chen Weiguo,Yu Yongsheng,Hu Hailong,Li Fushan
Perovskite quantum dots light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have been developed for next-generation high resolution display applications. However, the hindered charge injection and massive charge trapping due to the insulating and defective surface of quantum dots (QDs) usually lead to a slow rise in electroluminescence (EL) response, which makes it challenging to realize ultra-high refresh rate displays with nanosecond response. Herein, an ionic liquid 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Trifluoromethanesulfonate ([BMIM]OTF) was used to enhance the crystallinity and reduce the surface area ratio of QDs, which effectively decreases defect state and injection barrier at the interface. Therefore, the rise time of EL response with steady-state is successfully reduced by over 75%. We further reduce the capacitance effect by decreasing the light-emitting unit area. Thus, ultra-high resolution (9072 pixel per inch) PeLEDs with light-emitting pixel size of 1.3 μm were realized, achieving a brightness exceeding 170,000 cd/m 2 and an external quantum efficiency up to 15.79%. Moreover, it achieves nanosecond ultrafast response time under steady-state, which is the fastest response time of PeLEDs reported so far. Our work represents the most advanced performance of ultra-high-resolution PeLEDs, and provides in-depth insights into the mechanism of improving their response speed, showing significant potential in high refresh rate active display application.
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