NANOTECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·Vol. 34
·期 10
·105707
·
IF 3.953
Xiangrui Bu,Qiang Wu,Yubin Yuan,Haiyang Wu,Weihua Liu,Xin Li,Chuanyu Han
Ethanol is a harmful volatile organic compound (VOC) for human health. Currently, zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most popular metal oxide semiconductors for VOCs detection but suffering from a lack of selectivity, poor response, and slow response/recovery speeds. Herein, we successfully synthesized the ZnO/Ti3C2Tx nanocomposites via a facile hydrothermal method, in which ZnO nanoparticles were uniformly grown on two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2Tx nanosheets. As a result, the ZnO/Ti3C2Tx nanocomposites showed a significant improvement in the ethanol-sensing performance, when it compared to the pure ZnO and Ti3C2Tx samples. In particular, ZnO doped with 5 mg of Ti3C2Tx showed an ultra-high response (79) to 100 ppm ethanol, a short response/recovery time (22 s/34 s to 50 ppm ethanol), a low limit of detection (1 ppm) and a long-term stability. The excellent ethanol sensing properties are mainly attributed to the coupling effect between ZnO and Ti3C2Tx of composites. The ZnO nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on the 2D Ti3C2Tx platform, which can provide more gas adsorption sites. Simultaneously, the presence of hybrid heterojunctions further enhances the response in the sensing process.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2022
·
IF 8.025
Huiyu Su,Hao Li,Heng Lin,Xiaowen Shi,Yumin Du,Yan Luo,Hongbing Deng
An innovative formaldehyde sensor based on CuO/ZnO composite nanofibrous mats (C-NFMs) coated quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), which is capable of stable determination of formaldehyde gas at ambient temperatures sensitively and selectively, has been successfully fabricated. Triaxial and highly porous C-NFMs with high surface area (126.53 m 2 g −1 ) were synthesized by electrospinning a sol-gel cellulose acetate (CA)/CuAc 2 /ZnAc 2 complex solution and following by calcination process. Benefiting from the unique heterojunction structure, immense pore interconnectivity and large surface area of C-NFMs, the as-developed QCM sensors exhibited an extremely low limit of detection (LOD) down to 26 ppb and a limit of quantification value equals to 87 ppb. Besides, the C-NFMs coated QCM sensors also demonstrated short response times (80s), the long-term stability during 3 weeks as well as good selectivity to formaldehyde over diverse volatile organic compounds. The sorption equilibrium in the adsorption process of QCM coated sensors was well met with the Freundlich model, which certified the heterogeneous adsorption between formaldehyde gas and C-NFMs.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2022
·
IF 10.383
Yan Lu,Radian Popescu,Dagmar Gerthsen,Yichen Feng,Wei-Ren Su,Yu-Kuei Hsu,Ying-Chu Chen
Hydrogen (H2) fuel production from hazardous contaminants is not only of economic importance but also of significance for the environment and health. Hydrogen production is exemplified in this work by using bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) sandwiched in between zinc sulfide (ZnS) and zinc oxide (ZnO) as dual-heterojunction photoelectrode to photoelectrochemically extract H2 from sulfide- and sulfite-containing wastewater, which is emitted in enormous quantities from the petrochemical industries. The H2 evolution rate over the ZnS/Bi2S3/ZnO photoelectrode under solar illumination amounts to 112.8 μmol cm–2 h–1, of which the photocurrent density in the meantime reaches 10.7 mA cm–2, by far exceeding those reported for additional Bi2S3-based counterparts in the literature. Such superior performance is ascribed on one hand to the broadband sunlight-harvesting ability of Bi2S3 that gives rise to respectable photoexcited electron–hole pairs. These photogenerated charge carriers are subsequently rectified by the built-in electric field at the ZnS/Bi2S3 and Bi2S3/ZnO heterojunctions to flow in the opposite directions to well circumvent the recombination losses and, most importantly, in turn contribute substantially to the H2 evolution reaction.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2014
·
IF 4.086
Zhimin Ren,Zhiyu Wang,Chao Chen,Jia Wang,Xinxin Fu,Chenyao Fan,Guodong Qian
ABSTRACT In this paper we report a novel architecture of three-dimension (3D) carbon framework to encapsulate tetrahedron ZnO nanocrystals that serves as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The ZnO@C composites are prepared via a simple internal-reflux method combined with subsequent calcination in argon. The amorphous carbon is formed on the surface of the ZnO crystals by in situ carbonization of the surfactant, which leads to a strong connection between the carbon framework and the active materials and guarantees faster charge transfer on the electrode. The ZnO crystal calcined at 500°C (ZnO@C-5) possesses regular tetrahedron shape with a side length of 150-200 nm and all of them are uniformly anchored among the network of amorphous carbon. The developed ZnO@C structures not only improve the electronic conductivity of the electrode, but they also offer a larger volume expansion of ZnO during cycling. As a result, the ZnO@C-5 demonstrates a higher reversible capacity, ultralong cycle life and better rate capability than that of the ZnO@C-7 and pure ZnO crystals. After 300 cycles, the ZnO@C-5 demonstrates a high capacity of 518 mAhg −1 at a current density of 110.7 mAg −1 . Moreover, this simple approach prepared the 3D composites architecture could shed light on the design and synthesis of other transition metal oxides for energy storage.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2019
·
IF 4.175
Wenjian Shen,Jing Zhang,Shiyu Wang,Heping Du,Yiwen Tang
Interface passivation layer deposited onto photoanodes has been proven to be an available way to suppress charge recombination and enhance the power conversion efficiency in quantum dot-sensitized solar cells. In this work, the ZnS-MnS composites layers inserted in ZnO/CdS nanotubes photoanodes interface is firstly fabricated via ion-exchange and chemical bath deposition methods, simultaneously. By inserting the ZnS-MnS composites, electron back transfer is efficiently hindered. In addition, the uniform ZnS-MnS layer effectively blocks the direct contact between the polysulfide electrolyte and ZnO nanotubes, which inhabits the recombination of electron-hole pairs occurred at the interface. Besides, the MnS layer is in favour of the CdS quantum dots in higher load, profiting the light absorption intensity in the visible light region. Thus ZnO/ZnS-MnS/CdS nanotubes quantum dot-sensitized solar cells have efficiency of 3.62%, which is much higher than that of the solar cell with ZnS passivation layer (2.33%). This work demonstrates that constructing ZnS-MnS interface passivation layer with a proper band gap structure is a promising approach to enhance the performance of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells.
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ACTA MATERIALIA
·
2018
·
IF 6.036
Xin Liang,Lei Shen
Grain boundary plays an important role in energy carrier transport. By choosing ZnO as a model system of technological importance, and by measuring the thermal and electrical transport properties of ZnO polycrystals with a wide range of grain boundary spacing, we determine the interfacial thermal (Kapitza) resistance of the ZnO grain boundary R k = 4.0 ± 0.7 × 10 − 9 m 2 K W −1 , which is relatively independent of grain size . The effective electron potential barrier height and the depletion width of the grain boundary generally increase with spacing, but they collapse below ∼100 nm and become almost invariant above ∼1 μm. When the grain boundary is locally modified by nanometer-thick ZnS thin film , the Kapitza resistance increases by more than three times, up to about 12.9 × 10 − 9 m 2 K W −1 , and the depletion region expands more than twice. The charge carrier concentration is influenced by the effective potential barrier height due to the grain boundary energy filtering effect whereas the electron mobility is related to the depletion width. Our investigations demonstrate the significance of grain boundary characteristics for interfacial and effective bulk transport properties. The findings and the approach are broadly important for polycrystalline materials of which the functional performance can be adjusted via grain boundary engineering.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 6.7
Jing Li,Lixin Chen,Zhe Hua,Baodan Liu
Gallium-zinc oxynitride solid solution has been considered as a promising candidate material for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, its PEC performance is severely limited by the poor charge separation efficiency and the adverse intrinsic vacancy defects . Herein, to solve these problems, we developed a novel strategy for constructing dendritic (GaN) 1-x (ZnO) x /GaN arrays with type-Ⅱ heterojunction on a conductive GaN crystalline substrate by an Au-assisted chemical vapor deposition method. Then, an additional annealing treatment in Ar is carried out to further decrease the density of surface oxygen vacancy and to increase the density of O N -V Ga vacancy complexes for enhancing photoelectrochemical performance. Under the synergistic effect of type-Ⅱ heterojunction and vacancy modulation, the optimized (GaN) 1-x (ZnO) x /GaN photoanode exhibits a photocurrent density of 0.25 mA cm −2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE and the surface modification with CoPi co-catalyst can further increase the photocurrent density to 0.45 mA cm −2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE. It is demonstrated that the O N -V Ga vacancy complexes are beneficial to increase the PEC performance of gallium zinc oxynitrides.
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2022
·
IF 7.34
Qiushi Jiang,Zhaolian Han,Yinjie Qian,Yafeng Yuan,Yating Ren,Mingyu Wang,Zhiqiang Cheng
A novel strategy for the preparation of heterojunction derivants by regulating the loading of precursors was proposed and applied for the first time to effectively remove dyes and antibiotics. Zeolite imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8)-derived ZnO/TiO 2 nano-burst-tube (NBT) was prepared by calcination of ZIF-8 as precursor grown in a solvothermal system adjusted by NH 4 OH or NaOH , TiO 2 NBT as solvothermal substrate. Through a reasonable selection of solvothermal system, ZIF-8-derived ZnO/TiO 2 NBT not only provides enhanced specific surface area (1012.3 m 2 /g), but also enhances the visible light response and charge separation of TiO 2 NBT, whose instantaneous photocurrent density is up to 53 mA cm −2 , which is three times that of TiO 2 NBT. Under visible light irradiation, ZnO/TiO 2 NBT achieved rapid degradation of Rhodamine B(RhB), tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) and chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC) with complete removal within 20 min, outperforming ZnO, ZIF-8, TiO 2 NBT and ZIF-8/TiO 2 NBT, with excellent cyclic photocatalytic performance. The results show that the degradation pathways of RhB, TCH and CTC are different. The work provides a promising strategy for multifunctional derivative photocatalytic materials preparation.
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DALTON TRANSACTIONS
·
2017
·Vol. 46
·期 8
·2643-2652
·
IF 4.029
Aimin Wu,Jing Li,Baodan Liu,Wenjin Yang,Yanan Jiang,Lusheng Liu,Xinglai Zhang,Changmin Xiong,Xin Jiang
(GaN)1−x(ZnO)x solid solution has attracted extensive attention due to its feasible band-gap tunability and excellent photocatalytic performance in overall water splitting. However, its potential application in the photodegradation of organic pollutants and environmental processing has rarely been reported. In this study, we developed a rapid synthesis process to fabricate porous (GaN)1−x(ZnO)x solid solution with a tunable band gap in the range of 2.38–2.76 eV for phenol photodegradation. Under visible-light irradiation, (GaN)0.75(ZnO)0.25 solid solution achieved the highest photocatalytic performance compared to other (GaN)1−x(ZnO)x solid solutions with x = 0.45, 0.65 and 0.85 due to its higher redox capability and lower lattice deformation. Slight Ag decoration with a content of 1 wt% on the surface of the (GaN)0.75(ZnO)0.25 solid solution leads to a significant enhancement in phenol degradation, with a reaction rate eight times faster than that of pristine (GaN)0.75(ZnO)0.25. Interestingly, phenol in aqueous solution (10 mg L−1) can also be completely degraded within 60 min, even under the direct exposure of sunlight irradiation. The photocurrent response indicates that the enhanced photocatalytic activity of (GaN)0.75(ZnO)0.25/Ag is directly induced by the improved transfer efficiency of the photogenerated electrons at the interface. The excellent phenol degradation performance of (GaN)1−x(ZnO)x/Ag further broadens their promising photocatalytic utilization in environmental processing, besides in overall water splitting for hydrogen production.
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RSC Advances
·
2013
·Vol. 3
·期 30
·12052-12055
·
IF 2.562
Wei Wen,Jin-Ming Wu,Yu-De Wang
A coral-like bimodal macro-/mesoporous ZnO was prepared rapidly by self-sustained decomposition of a metal complex. The achieved ZnO powders demonstrated excellent gas-sensing properties for detecting ethanol and acetone because the abundant macropores provided open entrances and channels; whilst the mesopores guaranteed a large contact area for target gases.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2019
·Vol. 7
·期 33
·19442-19452
·
IF 10.733
Linsheng Tang,Rui Zhang,Xinyue Zhang,Naiqin Zhao,Chunsheng Shi,Enzuo Liu,Liying Ma,Jiayan Luo,Chunnian He
Lithium metal anodes have attracted considerable attention due to their high specific capacity (3860 mA h g−1). However, the volume change and the lithium dendritic growth of Li metal anodes impede their practical application. Researchers have improved the performance of lithium metal anodes by loading lithiophilic materials on 3D current collectors as lithium hosts. Nevertheless, the lithiophilic materials without spatial confinement may undergo severe volume and location changes during the cycling, leading to inhomogeneous lithium deposition, decayed structural stability and electrochemical performance. Herein, lithiophilic ZnO nanoparticle confined 3D porous carbon composite microspheres (3D ZnO@PCCMs) as hosts for lithium metal anodes were developed through a facile and scalable in situ strategy to mitigate the above formidable problems. The microsphere consists of several tens of interconnected empty carbon nanoboxes with ultra-small ZnO nanocrystals embedded in-plane. In the constructed architecture, the ZnO nanoparticles confined within ultrathin carbon walls can effectively prevent the ZnO from agglomerating and detaching from the current collectors during the cycling, inducing the uniform distribution and structural stability of ZnO for guiding the long-term homogenous lithium deposition, while the abundant interconnected empty boxes can sustain massive lithium deposition and accommodate the volume expansion of lithium during cycling. As a result, the as-obtained electrode with ZnO@PCCMs as a 3D host can achieve a very high coulombic efficiency, durability and stability even at high current density and areal capacity. This work delivers a novel concept that stabilizing the lithiophilic seeds can lead to a more stable and excellent cycling performance for lithium metal anodes, and meanwhile provides a low-cost and industrialized manufacturing approach for high-safety and high-performance lithium metal anodes.
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POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2024
·Vol. 35
·期 4
·e6377
·
IF 3.1
Xiaogang Shi,Kongying Zhu,Xiaoyan Yuan
Transportation of acidic fluids containing hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) by flexible reinforced thermoplastic pipes can cause safety problems due to diffusion of H 2 S in the pipe. Herein, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites are prepared with a large amount of zinc oxide (ZnO) particles as absorbent fillers by melt-mixing via introducing maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene (PE- g -MAH) and maleic anhydride-grafted poly(ethylene- co -octene) (POE- g -MAH) as dual-compatibilizer. By controlling the mass ratio of the two compatibilizers, ZnO particles can be encapsulated by PE- g -MAH and POE- g -MAH so that mechanical properties of the prepared HDPE/ZnO composites are improved owing to enhanced compatibility between the filler and the resin. By adding PE- g -MAH and POE- g -MAH with total 10 wt% in a mass ratio of 1/3, the HDPE/ZnO composite containing 50 wt% ZnO exhibits 37.3 ± 3.8 MPa of yield strength, 576 ± 16 MPa of flexural modulus, and 84.4 ± 1.4 kJ m −2 of notched Izod impact strength corrected to 311 ± 24.9 kJ m −2 . After exposure in H 2 S at 0.1 MPa for 7 days, the diffusion distance of H 2 S in the composite is 659 ± 17 μm, demonstrating a high barrier ability on H 2 S via absorption. This study provides a feasible method for preparation of polymer composites with suitable mechanical properties for inhibiting H 2 S permeation in reinforced thermoplastic pipes.
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