INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2024
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IF 5.6
Haitao Ren,Abdelkader Labidi,Ting Gao,Mohsen Padervand,Xinxin Liang,Chuanyi Wang
Sustainable and green natural lignin raw materials are considered as reliable precursors for large-scale production of carbon quantum dots (CQDs). However, extracting CQDs with ultra-low cytotoxicity and favorable fluorescence properties from lignin remains a challenge. Herein, the bio-waste lignin was converted into crude CQDs by an eco-friendly and rapid microwave pyrolysis approach in just 15 min. The as-obtained CQDs modified with nitrogen-atoms (N-CQDs) display a representative graphite-like structure, strong hydrophilicity, tiny particle size of 6.9 nm, and bright green fluorescence with a quantum yield of approximately 22.2% and fluorescence lifetime of 4.29 ns. Moreover, the N-CQDs exhibit high fluorescence stability under the conditions of a range of pH (5–11), continuous UV irradiation (∼2 h), and NaCl presence with concentrations of 0–1.2 mol/L. More importantly, the N-CQDs show negligible cytotoxicity. Even at the higher N-CQD concentration (300 μg/mL), A549 cells still maintain over 90% activity. The N-CQDs could be utilized for fluorescence imaging in living cells based on the above favorable characteristics. The present work paves the way for the value-added utilization of bio-waste lignin and the production of safe cell imaging agents.
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Pei-Ru Zhou,Xiao-Ping Zheng,Ya-Peng Du,Yu Chai,Yu-Cang Zhang,Yan-Zhen Zheng
In this study, polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200) was employed as hydrogen bond acceptor, while organic acids served as hydrogen bond donors, to formulate poly-deep eutectic solvents (PDESs), which were utilized to pretreat tea stem. Specially, combining PEG200 and oxalic acid (OA) exhibited a notably high cellulose retention (82.03 %) and most efficient hemicellulose (97.02 %) and lignin removal (70.89 %). The removal of amorphous lignin enhanced the crystallinity of the residues and improved the conversion efficiency of cellulose into levulinic acid. Additionally, the structural alterations in lignin samples were analyzed in comparison to milled wood lignin (MWL). The PEG200-OA system facilitated the cleavage of β-O-4 and β-5 linkages and resulted in the degradation of S-type lignin, accompanied by increased condensation of G units. The resulting lignin displayed a reduced molecular weight (Mw of 1283 g/mol, Mn value 531 g/mol) and nanoscale particle size (D 50 212 nm). Furthermore, fluorescent lignin was synthesized through simple oxidation and was used to detect metal ions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported that both PEG200 and OA played a significant role in lignin dissolution, with the weak interactions between DES and lignin primarily driven by hydrogen bonding (characterized as weak, closed-shell, and electrostatic) and van der Waals forces.
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高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 9.7
Yingying Feng,Thomas L. Eberhardt,Fanyang Meng,Chen Xu,Hui Pan
Applications of deep eutectic solvent (DES) systems to separate lignocellulosic components are of interest to develop environmentally friendly processes and achieve efficient utilization of biomass. To enhance the performance of a binary neutral DES (glycerol:guanidine hydrochloride), various Lewis acids (e.g., AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O, FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O, etc.) were introduced to synthesize a series of ternary DES systems; these were coupled with microwave heating and applied to moso bamboo. Among the ternary DES systems evaluated, the FeCl 3 -based DES effectively removed lignin (81.17%) and xylan (85.42%), significantly improving enzymatic digestibility of the residual glucan and xylan (90.15% and 99.51%, respectively). Furthermore, 50.74% of the lignin, with high purity and a well-preserved structure, was recovered. A recyclability experiment showed that the pretreatment performance of the FeCl 3 -based DES was still basically maintained after five cycles. Overall, the microwave-assisted ternary DES pretreatment approach proposed in this study appears to be a promising option for sustainable biorefinery operations.
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PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
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2024
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IF 4.4
Keyu Lian,Shengdu Yang,Dianheng Lu,Wei Tang,Junhua Zhang
Substantial interest in producing thermosets and photoresponsive chemicals from bioresources is garnering, yet moderate performance drastically confines their applicability in electronic packaging material. Herein, several thermosetting epoxy building blocks from lignin-derived monomers (vanillyl alcohol and eugenol) were constructed, and a range of lignin-based enhanced photocurable resins were further developed using acrylic acid and tetrahydrophthalic anhydride as modifiers by an one-pot synthesis method. The comprehensive performance of lignin-based functionalized photocurable resins was systematically investigated, such as their photopolymerization behavior, thermal–mechanical properties, and electrical breakdown properties. As a result, the biobased thermosetting resin stemming from vanillyl alcohol monomers fulfilled fascinating heat resistance (Tg ≈ 103.9 °C) and tensile strength (28.89 ± 4.39 MPa). Additionally, inspired by a tunable chain-extending tactic, the toughness and electrical breakdown strength of the biobased photo-cross-linked films were further intensified by the insertion of flexible alkyl chain segments between cross-linked sites. As proof of concept, the formulated EAAT green ink, consisting of photocurable resin and inorganic, demonstrated a superior patterning ability after alkali development. The rationally designed lignin-derived photo-cross-linked network strengthening mechanism reported here offers an important and universal strategy for significantly enhancing the comprehensive properties of biobased photocurable materials.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Hanchen Lin,Ning Ma,Lingxiao He,Peng Xu,Fei Wang,Chaoqun You
The inefficient and improper use of conventional pesticides has prompted the development of targeted and cost-effective pesticide delivery systems, which aim to optimize the efficient utilization of pesticides while minimizing environmental pollution in surrounding areas. In this paper, a dual-stimuli-responsive pesticide slow-release nanopesticide system (NES@DMONs@LGN) was designed in this study, utilizing mesoporous silica (DMONs) as a nanocarrier and lignin (LGN) as a capping agent to encapsulate the pesticide molecules within DMONs. This system enables intelligent release of pesticide molecules while preventing environmental pollution caused by leakage. Additionally, NES@DMONs@LGN exhibit excellent specific loading efficiency. The abundant hydrophilic functional groups in the lignin layer on the surface of NES@DMONs@LGN can establish hydrogen bonds with advanced fatty acids and fatty alcohols present in the waxy epidermis of plants, thereby significantly enhancing carrier wettability and adhesion. Typically, phytophagous lepidopteran pests have an alkaline midgut and possess lignin-degrading enzymes . The NES@DMONs@LGN developed in this study are capable of rapid release under high temperature and alkaline conditions. Therefore, the precise release of pesticide molecules in the target pests can be achieved, thus increasing the actual utilization rate of pesticides. The experimental results demonstrated that NES@DMONs@LGN effectively prevented photodegradation of the active ingredient after 48 h of UV irradiation, resulting in a 3.7-fold improvement in photostability and providing robust UV protection. By encapsulating pesticide molecules with nanocarriers, the release of pesticides in non-targeted environments can be prevented, thereby significantly reducing toxicity to zebrafish. Thus, this study provides a promising solution for sustainable greening of agriculture.
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JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
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2024
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IF 6.5
Yun Tian,Mengqiao Gao,Zhiyang Tang,Fukun Li,Qiang Zeng,Jinxing Long,Xuehui Li
Conversion of lignin to valuable chemicals without external hydrogen presents a significative but challengeable endeavor. Herein, an efficient approach has been proposed for the lignin hydrogenolysis with in-situ hydrogen in the presence of Ni nanoparticles nested in layered double oxides (LDOs). 84.4 % conversion of lignin was achieved over 30Ni-Mg 3 Al-LDOs, affording a 21.3 % yield of monomers, and 38.0 % of which was identified as 4-ethylphenol. Catalyst characterizations revealed that this excellent performance of lignin conversion should be ascribed to the highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles, strong interfacial interactions between Ni and LDOs, and suitable basicity of catalysts. Furthermore, the roles of the solvent (1,4-dioxane aqueous solution) and the lignin methoxyl groups as hydrogen resources were distinguished, and the former acted as an initial hydrogen to promote lignin depolymerization, and the latter was responsible for the high yield of 4-ethylphenol. In addition, a plausible reaction pathway for lignin hydrogenolysis has been proposed.
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
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2025
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IF 2.3
Li Xinao,Xu Yuanyuan,Wu Jianning,Liu Zhiyong,Meng Guihua,Yang Shengchao,Guo Xuhong
Pretreatment of cellulosic materials with a Lewis acid is used to remove hemicelluloses and lower the reaction temperature of pretreatment systems. Adding Lewis acid in the pretreatment process of lignin extraction can form competitive hydrogen bonds to improve the pretreatment efficiency and the extraction rate of lignin. In this experiment, a Lewis acid (AlCl 3 ) was introduced to promote the separation of lignin by using the choline chloride/formic acid DES system. The dissolution rate of lignin was studied, as well as the effects of the molar ratio of Lewis acid/choline chloride/formic acid, reaction temperature, and reaction time on lignin structure, extraction rate, and solid residue recovery ratio. The experimental results showed that the optimal ratio of formic acid:choline chloride:AlCl 3 was 1:1:0.05. When the reaction temperature was 100 °C and the reaction time was 6 h, the solid residue recovery ratio was 33%, the extraction rate of lignin was 95.6%, and the purity was 95.0%. 2D HSQC NMR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were used to confirm the effect of Lewis acid on the extraction efficiency and structure of lignocellulose. The extracted lignin and commercial lignin showed similar structures, and the main structural units were G units and S units. In short, the addition of a Lewis acid improved the separation of lignin.
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高影响因子
ENERGY
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2024
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IF 9
Gongxiang Song,Dexin Huang,Qiangqiang Ren,Song Hu,Jun Xu,Kai Xu,Long Jiang,Yi Wang,Sheng Su,Jun Xiang
Based on the concentrated photo-thermal thermogravimetry analyzer (PT-TGA) reactor, the pyrolysis of the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin with different ratios at 100 °C/min and 550–850 °C was performed. The interaction among the three components significantly reduced the reaction temperatures and increased the maximum weight loss rate. The cellulose/lignin interactions were the main reason for the increase of gas production, especially for the H 2 production which reached 128.13 mL/g biomass, much higher than the calculated value of 75.35 mL/g biomass without considering the interactions. What occurred during the co-pyrolysis of cellulose/lignin was the combination of free radicals without consuming the hydrogen radicals, while the formation of chemicals in others’ interactions integrated with the hydrogen radicals inhibited the production of H 2 at high temperatures. For full-component pyrolysis , the yield of C-containing gas can be calculated by adding a coefficient of interaction between two components, indicating that the effect of the three-component interaction was much lower than that of the two-component. This study established the interaction mechanism for the three components of biomass during photo-thermal pyrolysis based on free radicals.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Linli Qin,Yanchen Zhu,Haonan Zhang,Hao Ren,Huamin Zhai
Hydrogels with remarkable flexibility have gained popularity as materials for current research. However, the unfavorable properties of short-term adhesion, susceptibility to damage, and freezing in low-temperature presented by conventional hydrogels have become bottlenecks for further applications. In this work, an anti-freezing hydrogel with excellent mechanical, adhesion, and self-healing properties were developed by constructing a persistent semiquinone/quinone-catechol redox equilibrium environment. The introduction of lignin-modified cellulose nanofibers (LCNFs) significantly improved the overall mechanical properties of the material, driven by strong hydrogen bond interactions. This enhancement was evident in the tensile properties (97.74 ± 1.72 kPa, 783 %) and compression properties (> 90 %). Within the internal network of the gel, the synergistic action of lignin and ammonium persulfate resulted in the production of catechol, which imparted the gel with excellent adhesion properties (28.26 ± 2.13 KPa) and broad adhesion applicability. In addition, the incorporation of ethylene glycol (EG) positively contributed to the strengthening of the gel while endowed with tunable anti-freezing properties. Given the exceptional advantages of the prepared hydrogels, they were used to assemble flexible strain sensors with outstanding sensitivity for monitoring human motions.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 2.7
Hongjun Xu,Jianqiang Pan,Changbiao Chen,Songmei Zhao,Jiahao Xiao,Hui Wang,Xinxing Wu,Shuaibo Han,Yan Zhang,Fangli Sun
To improve the reactivity and compatibility of lignin, it was first functionalized via the method of epoxidation. The epoxidized lignin (LEP) modified epoxy resin with good mechanical and shape memory performance was fabricated ingeniously by introducing the LEP into the epoxy resin homogeneously with the aid of synergistic dispersion and crosslinking of polyetheramine without using organic solvents. The effect of LEP addition on the curing reaction, thermal, mechanical, and shape memory performance of epoxy resin were intensively evaluated. The epoxy-diamine curing reaction was promoted by the LEP incorporation, and the thermal stability and mechanical performance of epoxy resin were improved. The tensile strength and modulus of the LEP-modified epoxy were increased by 14.3% and 32.5%, respectively. Such reinforcing effect of LEP on the thermal and mechanical performance was contributed to the rigid LEP chains which were chemically crosslinked into the network of epoxy resin uniformly. Also, the rigid LEP component in the cured epoxy resin inhibited the movement of chain segments, which could enhance the mechanical stability and slow down the rapid shape recovery rate of the epoxy resin network to some extent.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
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2024
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IF 4.7
Zhang Yimiao,Meng Fuliang,Hu Zhenguo,Jia Yufei,Chen Zeyu,Fei Hongwei,Zhou Dapeng,Yuan Xinhua
In this study, resveratrol was substituted for phenol in different molar ratios (4%, 8%, 12%, 16% and 20%) with lignin, phenol and formaldehyde as raw materials, and a new resveratrol modified lignin-based phenolic resin (R-LPF) with high glass transition temperature ( T g ) and improved mechanical properties was synthesized. The curing behaviors of phenolic resin (PF), lignin phenolic resin (LPF) and R-LPF were investigated. The thermal mechanical properties, thermal stability, comprehensive mechanical properties, frictional properties and morphology were systematically tested and analyzed. The results show that the highest T g of the modified R-LPF reaches 346.2 °C. The T s reaches 231.5 °C, and the residual carbon rate reaches 66.2% at 800 °C. For 12% substitution ratio, the maximum tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength are respective 28.72 ± 1.10 MPa, 57.58 ± 1.95 MPa and 3.14 ± 0.19 KJ/m 2 . Compared with PF and LPF, the tensile strength of R-LPF is increased by 21.5% and 40.4%, and the bending strength is increased by 6.5% and 30.4%, while the impact strength is increased by 38.9% and 58.6%, respectively. The wear resistance is also significantly improved. The modified R-LPF structure has good rigidity, high crosslinking density, excellent mechanical and thermal properties, and it makes up for the defects of system performance decline caused by the introduction of lignin and provides a direction for the development of green high-performance phenolic resin.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Xiuru Su,Chuan Xu,Jianming Liao,Zhan Liu,Daoheng Liu,Mengting Ye,Long Li,Zhuhan Xu,Shasha Guo,Jun Li
Foam materials hold great promise in construction and packaging applications. However, the non-biodegradability and poor thermal stability of petroleum-based foams present serious environmental and safety concerns. It is crucial to develop sustainable, eco-friendly foam fabrication methods that balance environmental responsibility with high performance. In this study, a novel high-strength, heat-resistant, and water-stable composite foam (FPLs) made from Lignin-based waterborne polyurethanes (LWPUs) and Cellulose fibers, derived from full-component utilization of lychee pruning waste, is introduced. A eco-friendly and simple method utilizing LWPUs crosslinking to fabricate composite foams has been developed, bypassing the need for special drying and ensuring scalability. The FPLs exhibits a high compressive modulus of 455.8 kPa and a yield strength of 191.2 kPa due to the interaction between the LWPUs adhesive and the cellulose fibers. In addition, it demonstrates natural water resistance (maximum contact angle of 122°), exceptional photothermal conversion performance (reaching a peak temperature of 199.7 °C under infrared laser irradiation), superior thermal stability (no deformation up to 250 °C), and insulation performance (thermal conductivity of 0.038 W/mK), while maintaining excellent degradability and recyclability. These materials hold promise as sustainable alternatives to conventional plastic-based foams, providing a viable solution to mitigate the pervasive issue of “white pollution.”
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