JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2025
·
IF 11.3
Guangbin Zhong,Xue Cao,Sen Du,Canchuan Zhang,Li Zhang,Niklas Helle,Minwei Xie,Rong Chen,Qiao-Guo Tan
Marine bivalves are key seafood resources and biomonitors, yet closely related species show striking differences in cadmium (Cd) accumulation. While toxicokinetics suggest these differences are largely driven by Cd uptake, given consistently low elimination across species, the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we applied size-exclusion chromatography hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (SEC-ICP-MS) and stable isotope tracing to characterize cytosolic Cd-binding proteins in three oysters ( Crassostrea gigas , C. hongkongensis , C. angulata ) and three mussels ( Perna viridis , Mytilus coruscus , and M. galloprovincialis ) common in Chinese coastal waters. Oysters generally exhibited higher tissue Cd (up to tenfold higher than mussels) but stored a smaller fraction in the cytosol (35–48 %) compared to mussels (66–74 %), with oyster C. angulata being an exception (70 %). The molecular size distribution of cytosolic Cd-binding proteins also differed markedly: oysters bound a large share of Cd to high molecular weight proteins (>44 kDa, 35–72 %), whereas mussels relied more on medium or low molecular weight proteins, with P. viridis showing over 60 % Cd bound to low molecular weight ligands (∼2 kDa). Stable isotope tracing further showed that newly accumulated Cd rapidly adopted species-specific binding patterns similar to pre-existing Cd, indicating fast intracellular equilibration. In contrast, essential metals such as Cu and Zn showed more dispersed binding across protein sizes, and Pb exhibited weaker, less specific associations. These results demonstrate that interspecific differences in Cd burdens are closely linked to protein size-dependent binding strategies. Such mechanistic insights strengthen cross-species assessments for food safety and environmental monitoring.
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Physica Status Solidi-Rapid Research Letters
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2023
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IF 2.8
Yawei Wang,Lingling Wang,Yanqin Wang,Xiangyang Zhao,Xingyu Zhang,Xintong Zhang,Yichun Liu
Replacing the traditional CdS buffer layer with more environmentally friendly materials is an urgent issue for environment-friendly CZTSSe solar cells. Herein, a nontoxic, flexible, and conductive organic molecular semiconductor PCBM to replace CdS is used and a Cd-free CZTSSe solar cell is obtained. By introducing mild spin-coated ZnO window layers, the damage of PCBM in conventional sputtering ZnO process is effectively avoided, and a higher efficiency than previously reported organic semiconductor buffer layer systems and comparable to CdS buffer layer devices are achieved. The flexible PCBM covers the surface of the CZTSSe absorber layer densely and forms a flatter film surface, which is beneficial for the following ZnO deposition. The CZTSSe/PCBM interface exhibits a typical “spike-like” energy band alignment with a conduction band offset value of only 0.1 eV. Compared with CZTSSe/CdS interface, the CZTSSe/PCBM heterojunction possesses larger interfacial recombination resistance and a longer carrier lifetime. The ideal coating ability, suitable energy band alignment, as well as the better interface carriers transfer behavior suggest that the organic molecular semiconductors can be used instead of the CdS buffer layer to pave the way for truly environment-friendly kesterite photovoltaic devices.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2019
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IF 7.65
Li Song,Yuefeng Feng,Changqing Zhu,Fuqiang Liu,Aimin Li
Cr(VI) and Cd(II) are typical heavy metal ions and their co-removal is significant. Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) were successfully applied for efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II). The mutual promotion ratios of adsorption capacity by Cr(VI) and Cd(II) were 161.32 % and 14.13 %, respectively. In addition, all coexisting inorganic anions could extremely promote the removal of Cd(II) with the best promotion ratio upon phosphate ions as high as 80.00 %. The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. (2) Cd(II) which were coordinated to neutral imine groups could form cation bridges, and thus promoted the interaction with Cr(VI) because of the electrostatic attraction. Moreover, the removal capacity for Cr(VI) and Cd(II) did not display obvious reduction even after four cycles. Therefore, CP-BA showed a great potential in the co-removal of inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater.
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Chemical Engineering Journal Advances
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2025
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IF 7.1
Wuxin Hou,Jizhuang Zuo,Yongle Gao,Yao Wang,Li Liu
The generation of humins by-products in biorefinery is often unavoidable. We here report the valorization of chitosan-derived humins for removal of heavy metal ions to enhance the atomic economy of the biomass conversion. Chitosan-derived humins were synthesized by catalysis of oxalic acid (OA), whereby the adsorption performance for Cd(II), Cr(III) and Cr(VI) was explored. The adsorption data were well fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, complemented by the Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models, revealing maximum adsorption capacities of humins for heavy metal ions as follows: 358.7 mg/g for Cr(VI), 152.6 mg/g for Cd(II), and 40.2 mg/g for Cr(III). The mechanistic studies revealed that the adsorption of Cd(II) and Cr(III) by humins mainly occurs through ion exchange (carboxyl groups) and surface complexation (hydroxyl, carbonyl, and amino groups). In comparison, the adsorption of Cr(VI) by humins involves electrostatic attraction, alongside ion exchange and surface complexation. After carbonization and activation, the specific surface area increased markedly, however the adsorption capacity decreased owing to reduced oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups. Competitive adsorption studies, industrial wastewater experiments, and cyclic adsorption tests demonstrate that humins exhibit remarkable adsorption performance even in complex environments. This work highlights that chitosan-derived humins are promising adsorbents for the remediation of heavy metal ions.
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Agronomy-Basel
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 15
·1504
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IF 4.1
Yan Zhou,Feiyang Xia,Jun Lu,Xiang Wang,Junwen Qi,Qijie Jin,Shengtian Zhang,Jiansheng Li
Humic substances (HSs) possess abundant oxygen-containing functional groups that theoretically confer exceptional complexation capacity for heavy metal (HM) remediation; however, their speciation-dependent extractive behaviors across multi-metal contaminated soils remain insufficiently quantified. This study systematically evaluated the washing performance of six humic-based agents derived from weathered coal and lignite on soils contaminated with representative cadmium and arsenic species. Batch sequential washing experiments demonstrated that a four-cycle extraction at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 30:1 achieved high average cumulative removal efficiencies of 92.9% for Cd and 83.0% for As, with weathered coal-derived humic acid (HAW) exhibiting the highest removal efficiency. Microstructural and spectroscopic characterizations indicated that abundant oxygen-containing functional groups and highly condensed aromatic structures served as the core drivers for HM complexation. Furthermore, the XGBoost-SHAP model accurately predicted Cd leaching efficiency, identifying washing times as the most influential variable, followed by contaminant speciation, leaching agent type, and L/S ratio. The substantially lower performance for As suggests that arsenic leaching is governed by additional physicochemical factors beyond the four operational variables, highlighting the need for speciation-related descriptors in future modeling efforts. Overall, this work demonstrates the technical feasibility of converting low-rank coal resources into high-value, sustainable soil washing agents, offering robust data-driven insights for the targeted design of site remediation strategies.
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Nanomaterials
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 11
·862
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IF 4.3
Na Xia,Qian Zhou,Yanquan Liu,Dan Gao,Siming Zhu,Zuoshan Feng
Neohesperidin (NH), a bioactive flavanone glycoside, exhibits multifaceted pharmacological properties including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its clinical application is severely constrained by inherent physicochemical limitations such as poor aqueous solubility and instability under physiological conditions. To address these challenges, this study developed a dual-carrier nano-liposomal system through the synergistic integration of phospholipid complexation and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) inclusion technologies. Two formulations—NH-PC (phospholipid complex) and NH-PC-CD (phospholipid/HP-β-CD hybrid)—were fabricated via ultrasonication-assisted ethanol precipitation. Comprehensive characterization using FTIR and PXRD confirmed the amorphous dispersion of NH within lipid bilayers, with complete elimination of crystalline diffraction peaks, indicative of molecular-level interactions between NH’s hydroxyl groups and phospholipid polar moieties. The engineered nanosystems demonstrated remarkable solubility enhancement, achieving 321.77 μg/mL (NH-PC) and 318.75 μg/mL (NH-PC-CD), representing 2.01- and 1.99-fold increases over free NH. Encapsulation efficiencies exceeded 95% for both formulations, with sustained release profiles revealing 60.81% (NH-PC) and 80.78% (NH-PC-CD) cumulative release over 72 h, governed predominantly by non-Fickian diffusion kinetics. In vitro gastrointestinal simulations highlighted superior bioaccessibility for NH-PC-CD (66.35%) compared to NH-PC (58.52%) and free NH (20.85%), attributed to enhanced stability against enzymatic degradation. Storage stability assessments further validated the robustness of HP-β-CD-modified liposomes, with NH-PC-CD maintaining consistent particle size (<3% variation) and encapsulation efficiency (>92%) over 30 days. Antioxidant evaluations demonstrated concentration-dependent DPPH radical scavenging, wherein nanoencapsulation significantly amplified NH’s activity compared to its free form. This study establishes a paradigm for dual-functional nanocarriers, offering a scalable strategy to optimize the delivery of hydrophobic nutraceuticals while addressing critical challenges in bioavailability and physiological stability.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 8.7
Yanfei Liu,Juan Li,Shaowen Huang,Dingbo Shu,Yanru Shan,Zhuohao Qiao,Xiaogang Yin
To address the heavy metal water pollution caused by industrial wastewater discharge, a novel hydrogel adsorbent was prepared using organic matter derived from distiller's grains (DGS), a by-product of the brewing industry, as the main raw material and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) as the modifier. Characterization results revealed that CMCS converted the adsorbent into a three-dimensional macroporous structure while enhancing its highly selective adsorption performance for Pb(II) and Cd(II), with adsorption capacities reaching as high as 825.3 mg·g −1 and 644.3 mg·g −1 , respectively, and removal efficiencies up to 99.4% and 95.2% within 10 min. The adsorption process fitted well with the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model (R 2 > 0.996) and the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating that the adsorption was dominated by chemical adsorption. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the hydrogel formed complexation and coordination with Pb(II) and Cd(II) via the lone pair electrons of O and N atoms, and combined with hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction to achieve synergistic adsorption. Furthermore, adsorption experiments on industrial wastewater using this adsorbent demonstrated that it maintained excellent adsorption performance even after six adsorption-desorption cycles, and achieved a degradation rate of 51.3% after 28 days. The synthesis of this highly efficient adsorbent not only realizes the functional modification and high-value utilization of DGS but also provides a green solution for wastewater remediation, exhibiting great application potential.
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MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 2
·662
·
IF 4.6
Xiaoyan Ran,Ping Guo,Caifang Liu,Yulan Zhu,Cheng Liu,Bangjin Wang,Junhui Zhang,Shengming Xie,Liming Yuan
The chiral covalent-organic framework (CCOF) is a new kind of chiral porous material, which has been broadly applied in many fields owing to its high porosity, regular pores, and structural adjustability. However, conventional CCOF particles have the characteristics of irregular morphology and inhomogeneous particle size distribution, which lead to difficulties in fabricating chromatographic columns and high column backpressure when the pure CCOFs particles are directly used as the HPLC stationary phases. Herein, we used an in situ growth strategy to prepare core–shell composite by immobilizing MDI-β-CD-modified COF on the surface of SiO2-NH2. The synthesized MDI-β-CD-modified COF@SiO2was utilized as a novel chiral stationary phase (CSP) to explore its enantiomeric-separation performance in HPLC. The separation of racemates and positional isomers on MDI-β-CD-modified COF@SiO2-packed column (column A) utilizing n-hexane/isopropanol as the mobile phase was investigated. The results demonstrated that column A displayed remarkable separation ability for racemic compounds and positional isomers with good reproducibility and stability. By comparing the MDI-β-CD-modified COF@SiO2-packed column (column A) with commercial Chiralpak AD-H column and the previously reported β-CD-COF@SiO2-packed column (column B), the chiral recognition ability of column A can be complementary to that of Chiralpak AD-H column and column B. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the retention time and peak area for the separation of 1,2-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethanone were 0.28% and 0.79%, respectively. Hence, the synthesis of CCOFs@SiO2core–shell composites as the CSPs for chromatographic separation has significant research potential and application prospects.Keywords:chiral covalent-organic frameworks;core–shell composites;high-performance liquid chromatography;chiral separation
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
·
2022
·
IF 6.911
Shengmei Tai,Zhijuan Qian,Hongxin Ren,Alberta Osei Barimah,Chifang Peng,Xinlin Wei
A colorimetric assay based on an enzyme-inhibition strategy is promising for the on-site detection of pesticide residues . However, very few works of pesticide detection were reported based on the inhibition toward nanozymes although nanozymes have demonstrated many advantages in sensing various targets. Herein, a facile colorimetric detection for Glyp was developed based on β [email protected] enzyme mimics. The β [email protected] with high peroxidase-like activity was synthesized using random DNA double strands as template and β -CD as surface ligand. β [email protected] could catalyze the H 2 O 2 -3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) system. The oxidation product OxTMB with a blue color and presented a large absorption signal at 652 nm. However, Glyp could destroy the synergic effect between redox doublet (Cu 2+ /Cu + ) on the β [email protected] A-CuNCs surface, resulting in the inhibition of the peroxidase-like activity. Colorimetric detection for Glyp could be established by detecting the changes of absorption signal at 652 nm. The linear range was 0.02–2 μ g/mL and the detection limit was 0.85 ng/mL (3δ/s). The method was applied in measuring Glyp spiked in lake water and various food samples. This method had rapidness, high sensitivity, and selectivity advantages, indicating the high application potential in monitoring Glyp residue in food.
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WATER RESEARCH
·
2022
·
IF 13.4
Mengmeng Wu,Erping Bi,Binghua Li
Soil colloids can affect the cotransport of nanoparticles and pollutants. In this study, the influencing mechanisms of organic fulvic acid (FA) and inorganic montmorillonite colloid (MONT) on the cotransport of nHAP and Cd(II) were investigated. Column experiments combined with Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory, attachment efficiency calculation and two-site kinetic retention model were applied to study the mechanisms. Results showed that the co-existence of FA or MONT made the transport of nHAP improved by 58–75% and 33–59%, respectively. Both of them could improve the stability of nHAP particles and enhance electrostatic repulsion between nHAP particles and sand. Retention of nHAP in the sand was mainly caused by secondary energy minimum and physical straining. The co-existence of FA or MONT changed the amount of adsorbed species of Cd(II) and decreased the retardation effect of nHAP on Cd(II) transport. With increasing FA concentration, soluble FA·Cd and suspended nHAP·FA·Cd complexes in the system increased. Transport of soluble Cd(II) and total Cd(II) were strengthened due to the concentration effect of FA and the improved stability of nHAP particles. With increasing MONT concentration, the amount of soluble Cd(II) decreased, but that of colloidal Cd(II) (nHAP·Cd and MONT·Cd) increased. Due to the stronger effect of colloidal Cd(II) change than that of the soluble Cd(II) change, the transport of total Cd(II) was improved by 34–57%. The findings of this study can help to understand the fate of nanoparticles and Cd(II) in natural water and soil.
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TALANTA
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Tengpeng Liu,Xudong Huang,Chunhui Wang,Jixin Liu,Xuefei Mao
Direct analysis of solid samples is always challenging for ionic sensors due to solidified elemental presence and matrix interference. In this work, a “three-phase transforming” technique was first established to make solid sampling elemental sensors and visual detection possible in the future. For Cd transforming from soil samples, a metal ceramic heater (MCH) electrothermal vaporizer (ETV) coupled with a dielectric barrier discharge quartz trap (DBD-QT) was first utilized to fulfill the solid sampling and preconcentration of Cd in soil; for on-site analysis, a colorimetric sensor based on the trithiocyanuric acid (TMT) functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was chosen as a chromogenic analysis model. The portable and miniature ETV-DBD apparatus directly introduced Cd from soil and then captured Cd, consuming only <130 W and 4.5 kg weight; finally, only 200 μL water was injected as eluent to dissolve Cd for the following colorimetric detection . Herein, the Cd analyte underwent a “three-phase transforming” from solid (Cd compounds in soil), to aerosol (vaporization and transportation), to solid (Cd oxides trapped on quartz surface) and to liquid (Cd 2+ in eluate). Under optimized conditions, the method limit of detection (LOD) reached 0.04 mg/kg Cd (50 mg sample), fulfilling fast monitoring of Cd contamination in soil, with <20 % relative standard deviations (RSDs). The analysis time was <10 min excluding sample digestion and acid application, as well as the interference of Pb 2+ on the AuNPs sensor can be eliminated via the “three-phase transforming” process, proving an excellent anti-interference for solid analysis. This “three-phase transforming” processing technique coupled with colorimetric sensor holds a great potential for direct and on-site analysis in solid samples without complicated handling, providing a fantastic methodology for the application of ionic sensors and making solid sampling elemental sensor and visual detection possible.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.6
Yidong Xu,Wenzhuo Dong,Mengqian Jia,Jiwei Shen,Chaozhan Wang,Yinmao Wei
This work explores an enrichment integrated derivatization strategy for diols-containing short-chain aliphatic compounds (DSCAs) by using cyclodextrin (CD)-metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as adsorbents. For this purpose, α-, β-, γ-CD-MOFs with different sizes of hydrophobic cavities were prepared and their encapsulation ability towards polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, especially phenylboronic acid (PBA), was investigated. It is found that the formed supramolecular adsorbents PBA@CD-MOFs can simultaneously perform the enrichment and derivatization of DSCAs in organic solution, simplifying the sample pre-treatment procedure of the DSCAs. Finally, an analytical method based on solid-phase extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was established for the detection of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) in canned samples. The relative recoveries of three analytes are 82.4 to 87.5 %, the intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) are less than 10.9 %, and the limits of detection (LODs) are 0.934–2.77 ng∙g −1 . In conclusion, the enrichment integrated derivatization strategy can be used as an alternative to the traditional sample pretreatment method, which usually requires enrichment, elution and derivatization for the detection of DSCAs in various food samples.
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