JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS
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2023
·
IF 3.3
Yanhua Teng,Kangli Li,Long Chen,Kerui Wang,Changguo Xue
Coal gasification fine slag (CGFS) is a by-product of gasification process of gasification beds that pollutes the environment. To make the utilization of CGF more efficient, poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC)/CGFS composites were prepared via a melt blending process, and their mechanical and thermal properties were investigated. In order to dig deeper into the decomposition mechanism, the thermal degradation kinetics were systematically analyzed by drawing non-isothermal heat maps based on the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, Friedman, and Kissinger model-free methods. According to the results, the properties of all tests vary significantly with CGFS content. In particular, at a the CGFS content of 20 phr, the tensile strength (tensile modulus) and flexural strength (flexural modulus) of CGFS-20 were 13.5% (47.8%) and 13.9% (41.6%) higher, respectively, than those of conventional CGFS-0 composites. However, the impact strength decreases with the increase of CGFS content. At the same time, the addition of CGFS suppresses the mass conversion rate and improves the thermal stability of PVC composites at high temperature, and the final residual mass reaches 31%, which is 12.7% higher than that of pure PVC. The kinetic analysis of thermal decomposition shows that CGFS promotes the initial degradation of the composites reduces the activation energy of the reaction, and at the same time endows them with higher thermal stability in the high-temperature phase.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
·
化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
·
2026
·
IF 5.9
Yi Li,Jing Zhang,Jing Shao
Antibiotics are widely used in the treatment of various diseases in humans and animals, and the detection of metabolic residual antibiotics has become an important research task. Flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates are in great demand for sensitivity and specificity detection of antibiotics. Herein, we constructed a surface-enhanced Raman scattering-molecular imprinting polymer sensor (SERS-MIP) consisting of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane loaded with silver nanoparticles and molecular imprinting layer. The surface of PVC was aminated by nucleophilic substitution reaction as a carrier for the formation of silver nanoparticle. The molecular imprinting method of atom transfer-electron transfer radical polymerization was used to realize the controlled growth of polymer for constructing SERS-MIP sensor, and its detection capability for ciprofloxacin reached 10 −9 M. Simultaneously, the stability, uniformity, reusability, and selectivity of the sensor all showed good performance. The characteristic peaks of ciprofloxacin were still visible in the mixed solution with other interferents. The results indicated that SERS-MIP sensor could realize sensitivity and specificity detection in complex environment.
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高影响因子
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
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2025
·
IF 7.8
Haicheng Liu,Mouming Zhao,Fei Jiang
Microplastic pollution in drinking water pipelines has received growing attention in recent years. However, the mechanisms underlying microplastic release from pipe materials remain unclear. In this study, PVC pipes were artificially aged using potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ), sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The aged pipes were then subjected to hydraulic scouring to evaluate microplastic release behavior. Results showed that KMnO 4 - and UV-aged pipes predominantly released microplastics smaller than 100 μm, whereas NaClO-aged pipes tended to release larger particles. Aging reduced the contact angle of the pipe inner surface, indicating increased hydrophilicity. Pipes with similar hydrophilicity levels exhibited comparable microplastic release quantities, and greater hydrophilicity was associated with higher release. A regression analysis revealed a strong negative correlation between contact angle and microplastic release, identifying hydrophilicity as a key factor influencing release under hydraulic scouring. This study introduces hydrophilicity as a novel and significant factor in the analysis of microplastic release from aged pipes, offering new insights into the release mechanisms and providing a theoretical foundation for further research.
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高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2018
·
IF 6.14
Weijun Li,Jiaxiang Qin,Shuanjin Wang,Dongmei Han,Min Xiao,Yuezhong Meng
A macrodiol was successfully synthesized by the alcoholysis of high-molecular-weight poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC). The molecular weight can readily be controlled in a range from 600 to 1500 Da. The low-molecular weight macrodiols can be effectively used as an environmentally friendly and sustainable plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) to substitute the traditional phthalate plasticizers. For enhancing the plasticizing effect, the macrodiols were further end-capped to transfer its hydroxyl groups into aromatic esters. The experiment results showed that the synthesized PPC macrodiols can effectively plasticize PVC by comparing with commonly used bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DOP). The PVC sample plasticized using 30 wt % PPC macrodiol exhibited a tensile strength of 14.73 MPa with an elongation at break up to 415%, together with a relevant high impact strength compared with the samples plasticized with DOP. Finally, the PVC/PPC macrodiol demonstrated a dramatically low migration rate due to the relatively high molecular weight of PPC macrodiols. The most interested concerning is the inherent biodegradable nature of PPC macrodiols that endows the as-plasticized PVC biodegradability. This technology provides a brand new plasticizer for PVC and extends its application in various fields.
研究领域:
高分子科学
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绿色化学
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材料工程
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可持续材料
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增塑剂
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DOI
高影响因子
THERMOCHIMICA ACTA
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2022
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IF 3.378
Mei Wang,Tong Wu,Quan Bu,Xianghai Song,Mei Li,Shouqi Yuan
The complex production process and uneven performance seriously restrict the application of Rare earth thermal stabilizer. In this study, the thermal stability behavior of metal organic framework Ce(1,3,5-BTC)(H 2 O) 6 (Ce-BTC) towards PVC was studied. Experimental results showed that the combination of Ce-BTC, 2,4,6-tris[di(hydroxymethyl) amino]-1,3,5-triazine (HHTT), and ESBO synergistically stabilized PVC sample displayed significantly improved initial color, meanwhile, the T s and the time of "zinc burning" were prolonged to 55.17 and 70 min, respectively, as well. During thermal treatment, HHTT can replace the unstable chlorine atoms on the PVC chain, and the incompletely coordinated Ce ions in Ce-BTC can inhibit the further polymerization of conjugated polyenes by reacting with the alkene chain resulted from PVC degradation, these two factors synertistically inhibit the degradation of PVC. The nertralization of HCl by HHTT and ESBO can provide longer reaction time for incompletely coordinated Ce ions and chlorine atoms, delaying the autocatalytic effect of HCl.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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热稳定性
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配位化学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS
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2024
·
IF 3.6
Jianhao Cheng,Chen Shi,Yubing Dong,Jian Han
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has a detrimental effect on the outdoor lifetime of PVC film materials. TiO2 nanoparticles, as commonly used UV absorbers, still suffer from poor transparency, high photocatalytic effect, and poor dispersion in PVC matrix. To mitigate these effects effectively, titanium dioxide nanorod @ silicon dioxide (TNr@SiO2) was synthesized and used as an anti-UV aging agent for polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The agglomeration effects of TiO2 nanoparticles in PVC films were solved by synthesizing TNr, and the catalytic effects of TiO2 was reduced by growing SiO2 on the TNr surface. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopy were utilized to demonstrate the excellent dispersion and low photocatalytic effects of the synthesized TNr@SiO2. Compared with pure PVC film, the color change of TNr@SiO2/PVC composite film is not evident after 800h of UV aging, and the retention of mechanical properties were 93.94%. Compared with TiO2/PVC, TNr@SiO2/PVC composite film has better transparency. Results show that TNr@SiO2 can maintain the properties of PVC better because the electrons of TNr@SiO2 are excited to form a positively charged hole after the absorption of UV light, and then the hole electron pairs are recombined and converted into thermal energy, which improves the durability of PVC. Therefore, this highly transparent TNr@SiO2/PVC composite film with low photocatalytic activity and high UV resistance will soon be applied in large-scale industrial production.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子科学
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纳米技术
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化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Nature Sustainability
·
2023
·Vol. 6
·期 12
·1685-1692
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IF 27.6
Cao Ruochen,Zhang Mei-Qi,Jiao Yuchen,Li Yuchen,Sun Bo,Xiao Dequan,Wang Meng,Ma Ding
Catalytic upcycling of plastic wastes to valuable chemicals offers the opportunity to simultaneously address the enormous environmental problems associated with plastics and achieve the circular economy. However, the upcycling of plastic wastes containing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is particularly challenging due to the interference of chlorine, which can be released during PVC depolymerization and deactivate the catalyst. Here we present a catalytic process for the co-upcycling of PVC and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). By using a chlorine-containing ionic liquid as the catalyst/solvent and ZnCl 2 as Lewis acid catalyst, with in situ utilization of PVC-released chlorine, we successfully converted PET into terephthalic acid and 1,2-dichloroethane with high yields. The results reveal that chlorine from PVC, previously considered detrimental to the transformation of other polymers and the cause of catalyst poisoning, can actually have a positive role in the upcycling of plastic wastes. This work can incentivize further progress in plastics upcycling and pave the way to sustainable plastic wastes management, moving societies one step forward towards realizing the circular economy.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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材料科学
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可持续化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2024
·
IF 3.8
Yangyi Wu,Lijun Fan,Changtong Song,Xianhong Zhang,Dong Chen,Yuhong Ma,Wantai Yang
The copolymers of vinyl chloride (VC) with acrylates are widely used as special resins in multiple fields such as coatings, adhesives, and polymer processing aids. Nevertheless, the controllability in the copolymer composition is still a challenge owing to the big gap in reactivity ratio. In this paper, we conducted the nonaqueous copolymerization of VC with methyl acrylate (MA) in a mixed organic solvent (hexane/ethanol) without any suspending agent or emulsifier and intended to regulate the copolymer composition by dropping MA in a continuous mode. The promising results showed that a powdery vinyl chloride-co-methyl acrylate (PVMA) with ultralow number-average molecular weight (Mn, 9000–11 000) and submicrometer size (0.2–0.5 μm) is synthesized successfully, which is highly different from those of conventional aqueous polymerizations such as suspension and emulsion. More interestingly, varied PVMAx (x represents the actual mass fraction of MA in the copolymer) with relatively uniform and narrow dispersity in copolymer compositions (x = 1.7 ± 0.4, 3.2 ± 0.5, 5 ± 0.7, and 8.2 ± 0.4%) are obtained during the whole polymerization stage. In the batch process, the content of MA units in the copolymer decreased significantly with the increase of monomer conversion. Subsequently, the PVMA copolymers were employed as processing aids in rigid PVC and exhibited unique features. Stemming from its low Mn and the excellent compatibility with PVC matrix, the addition of PVMA can improve the plasticization efficiency significantly and thereby further enhance the mechanical performance. For instance, addition of 3 phr PVMA8.3 in the rigid PVC system can shorten the plasticization time from 104 to 52 s, enhance the tensile strength from 65 to 74 MPa, and increase the elongation at break 2-fold in comparison to the controlled PVC. In summary, this study provides a novel polymerization technique and strategy for the preparation of a vinyl chloride based copolymer resin with a low Mn and further composition control.
研究领域:
高分子化学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Jinfeng Jiang,Jiabo Wang,Chuang Wang,Yutao Zhang,Xianhong Zhang,Wantai Yang
Silane-grafted crosslinked PVC microspheres (P-K-M) was synthesized via the grafting copolymerization of MMA and KH-570. • P-K-M microsphere can significantly improve processibility and mechanical properties of rigid PVC. • P-K-M/PVC composites have good recovery efficiency for both the filler and the matrix. Enhancing the mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a crucial research direction for broader application and upgrading. Current chemical crosslinking strategies eg., peroxide and silane crosslinking are two industrially used techniques. However, these methods rely on crosslinking between molecular chains suffer from drawbacks such as poor controllability, high operational complexity, and elevated costs. Herein, a novel strategy to enhance the mechanical properties of PVC products by using silane-grafted crosslinked PVC microspheres (P-K-M) as functional fillers was developed. Briefly, crosslinked PVC microsphere was firstly synthesized via self-stable precipitation polymerization (2SP). Subsequently, the copolymer of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and methyl methacrylate was grafted through radical copolymerization with the residual double bonds on the microsphere surface. Finally, PVC based blends were prepared by utilizing the P-K-M microsphere as multifunctional filler and using PVC as matrix. The impressive results showed that P-K-M microspheres can significantly reduce the plasticization time of rigid PVC, with the effect being particularly pronounced for P-K 15 -M microspheres. Adding 5 phr P-K 15 -M reduces the plasticization time from 38 to 20 s, while also lowering the material temperature from 186.2 °C to 183.1 °C. Additionally, the hydrolysis/condensation PVC blend with 7 phr P K 22.5 -M can achieve a high tensile strength about 63.0 MPa, which is increased 30.1% in comparison to that of the pure PVC (48.4 MPa). Meanwhile, the impact strength and vicat softening temperature were also increased by 29% and 41%, respectively. More notably, this technology by constructing a three-dimensional network through crosslinking between the P-K-M microspheres can endow the rigid PVC blend with highly efficient separation and recyclability, achieving separation yield of up to 95% for both the base PVC matrix and the crosslinked PVC microspheres. Download: Download high-res image (186KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 4
Ali Alkaladi,Salah M H Gowayed,Hassan A. Ewais,Aya Soliman,Ashraf Morsy
Growing environmental concerns associated with phthalate plasticizers have accelerated the development of sustainable alternatives derived from renewable resources. Herein, waste cooking oil (WCO) was catalytically tailored using g-C3N4/graphene nanostructures to regulate intermolecular interactions within poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC). The influence of nanomodification on mechanical performance, thermal stability, migration resistance, and solvent durability was systematically investigated and quantitatively correlated to structure–property relationships. Among the prepared systems, the g-C3N4/graphene-modified plasticizer (P1) produced PVC films with the highest tensile strength (6.95 MPa) and Young’s modulus (890 MPa) while maintaining adequate flexibility (elongation ≈230%). Thermal analysis revealed delayed degradation with an onset temperature near 250°C, indicating restricted chain improved thermal stability. Migration measurements showed a noticeable reduction (≈3.5%), approaching the behavior of the commercial DOP reference. FTIR and SEM analyses suggest improved interfacial compatibility between PVC and the modified plasticizer, as evidenced by C = O band shifts (5–9 cm−1) and a more uniform, compact morphology with reduced microvoids. The improved performance is attributed to increased polarity, stronger dipole interactions, and reduced free volume arising from epoxy functionalities and nano-induced physical networking. This work provides direct experimental evidence linking nano-assisted chemical tailoring of waste-derived oils to suppression of plasticizer mobility and enhancement of thermo-mechanical stability. The proposed strategy offers a scalable pathway toward safer and more sustainable PVC materials.
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高影响因子
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·Vol. 69
·期 11
·1646-1657
·
IF 1.8
Jinsheng Duan,Jia Peijie,Liu Zhaogang,Li Yilin,Hu Yanhong,Wu Jinxiu,Li Jianfei,Zhang Xiaowei
Zinc–lanthanum layered double hydroxides (Zn–La LDHs) and zinc–aluminum–lanthanum layered double hydroxides (Zn–Al–La LDHs) were prepared via a hydrothermal method. The effects of cation ratio, hydrothermal time, and hydrothermal temperature on the structure of these two types of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and their thermal stability in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were investigated. The optimal preparation conditions were determined to be n (M 2+ ) : n (M 3+ ) = 3 : 1, hydrothermal temperature of 170°C, and hydrothermal time of 8 h. The LDHs obtained under optimal conditions were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermal analysis. The effects of different preparation conditions of the LDHs on the thermal stability of PVC were studied through Congo red tests and high-temperature aging experiments. The results indicate that both types of LDHs significantly improve the thermal stability of PVC, with Zn–La LDHs exhibiting superior thermal stability compared to Zn–Al–La LDHs. The rare earth LDH thermal stabilizers inhibit the cleavage of C–Cl and C–H bonds in PVC, suppress the generation of HCl and C=C bonds, and reduce the catalytic effect of HCl on the degradation of PVC.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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无机合成
·
热分析
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL PAPERS
·
2021
·Vol. 76
·期 1
·351-359
·
IF 2.097
Wang Mei,Wang Guanglin,Xu Yunfei,Song Xianghai,Bu Quan
PVC materials grafted with ricinoleic acid-derived phosphate ester (PVC-AR-g, g = 1 ~ 4, where ricinoleic acid-derived phosphate ester grafts are abbreviated as AR) were prepared via a green and effective synthetic method. These materials were developed with the aim of overcoming the toxicity limits and environmental pollution issues caused by toxic dioctyl phthalate, which is traditionally used for plasticizing PVC materials. In this study, 3-aminopropyltri ethoxysilane (APTES) and AR, which contains phosphate ester groups, hydroxyl groups, linear alkyl groups, highly flexible long carbon chains and siloxane were introduced into the chains of PVC to efficiently plasticize PVC materials. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to investigate the mechanical and plasticization properties, respectively, of the plasticized PVC films. Meanwhile, the leaching properties were also examined. The good plasticization behavior of the PVC-AR-g materials was attributed to the numerous hydroxyl, ester, linear siloxane and highly flexible long carbon chain present simultaneously in the branched segments, which formed strong hydrogen bonding and dipole–dipole interactions with the PVC main chains. Moreover, the PVC-AR-g materials showed improved thermal stability and outstanding anti-migration ability because of the covalent bonds between the PVC and graft intermediate.
研究领域:
高分子材料科学
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生物医学工程
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环境毒理学
·
绿色化学
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）