ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2016
·
IF 4.803
Zheng-Yao Li,Rui Gao,Limei Sun,Zhongbo Hu,Xiangfeng Liu
In this work, Zr 4+ doped P2-Na 0.75 Mn 0.55 Ni 0.25 Co 0.05 Fe 0.10 Zr 0.05 O 2 has been synthesized and investigated as high-rate sodium-ion battery cathode material for the first time. XRD results indicate that Zr-ion with a big size cannot completely dissolve into the crystal structure, but the residual ZrO 2 shows little impact on the electrochemical performance in comparison with the post-added ZrO 2 . With the substitution of Zr 4+ for Fe 3+ , the lattice parameter a decreases but c increases, resulting in the reduced lattice volume. In comparison with the Zr-free sample, Na 0.75 Mn 0.55 Ni 0.25 Co 0.05 Fe 0.10 Zr 0.05 O 2 (Zr05) can deliver a discharge capacity of about 95, 74, 61 and 53 mAh g −1 at 2C, 5C, 8C and 10C. At the current density of 2C, the capacity retention after 100 cycles has increased from 57% of Zr0 to 74% of Zr05. The results demonstrate that Zr-ion substitution can effectively improve the rate performance and cycling stability of P2-structure cathode materials. The role of Zr 4+ can be summarized as follows: (1) Zr-O ( △H f 298K (Zr-O) = 760 kJ mol −1 ) has a stronger bond energy than that of Fe O ( △H f 298K (Fe-O) = 409 kJ mol −1 ), which enhances the structure stability and cycling performance; (2) the aliovalent substitution of Zr 4+ for Fe 3+ enhances the electronic conductivity, which is favorable for the rate capability; (3) the substitution of Zr 4+ for Fe 3+ can be beneficial to Na + conduction because it increases disorder in the transition metal (TM) layers and can prevent Na+/vacancy ordering, which further enhances the rate capability.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
·
能源存储
·
无机化学
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固态化学
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DOI
高影响因子
RARE METALS
·
2017
·Vol. 36
·期 12
·934-941
·
IF 1.189
Yong Yao-Wei,Fu Wei,Deng Qi-Lin,Yang Jian-Guo
By adding mixture of ZrO 2 and carbon, a Zr-enhanced composite coating was produced onto an AISI 1045 substrate by laser cladding. The microstructure and phase formation, microhardness and wear resistance of the composite coating were studied. The experimental results indicate that the composite coating with metallurgical bonding to substrate consists of γ-Ni, massive ceramic particles of ZrC, NiZr 2 , Ni 7 Zr 2 , (Fe, Ni) 23 C 6 and Fe 3 C. The in situ-synthesized ZrC particles are uniformly dispersed in composite coating, which refines the microstructure of composite coating. With different ZrO 2 and carbon additions, the properties are improved differently. Finally, the fine in situ ZrC particles improve the microhardness of composite coating to HV 0.2 650, which is nearly 2.7 times that of Ni25 coating. Also, the composite coating has an advantage in wear resistance; it offers better wear resistance when more mixture of ZrO 2 and carbon was added in nickel alloys.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
金属学与热处理
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表面工程
·
先进制造
·
复合材料
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DOI
高影响因子
Defence Technology
·
2020
·Vol. 17
·期 2
·467-477
·
IF 2.637
Lu-yao Wang,Jian-wei Jiang,Mei Li,Jian-bing Men,Shu-you Wang
Projectiles made of reactive structure materials (RSM) can damage the target with not only kinetic but also chemical energy, but the enhanced damage potential of RSM may become compromised if extreme loading condition disintegrates the projectile before the target is reached. In this work, a ductile coating of Ni was introduced to a tungsten-zirconium (W-Zr) alloy, a typical brittle RSM, to preserve the damage potential of the projectile. Detonation driving tests were carried out with X-ray photography and gunpowder deflagration driving tests were carried out with high-speed photography for the coated and uncoated RSM samples, respectively. The craters on the witness target were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The Ni coating was found to effectively preserve the damage potential of the W-Zr alloy under extreme loading conditions, whereas the uncoated sample fractured and ignited before impacting the target in both detonation and deflagration driving. The crack propagation between the reactively brittle core and the ductile coating was analyzed based on the crack arrest theory to mechanistically demonstrate how the coating improves the structural integrity and preserves the damage potential of the projectile. Specifically, the Ni coating envelops the W-Zr core until the coated sphere penetrates the target, and the coating is then eroded and worn to release the reactive core for the projectile to damage the target more intensively.
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DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
·
2019
·
IF 2.794
Jian Zhang,Ye Tian,Jiawen Zhu,Yi Sun,Guoqiang Luo,Qiang Shen,Lianmeng Zhang
In this study, the W-HfC-Zr composites with various Zr content were fabricated via plasma activated sintering. The relative density, microstructure, microhardness , as well as mechanical properties of these composites were investigated. The W-HfC-Zr composite with 1.0 wt% Zr content had high relative density of 97.56%, exhibited the higher microhardness of 614 Hv, compressive yield strength of 1.85 GPa and bending strength of 880 MPa, which attributing to Zr captured impurity oxygen and generated solid-solution oxide (Hf, Zr)O. The enhancement mechanisms of trace Zr addition on microstructure and mechanical properties were proposed.
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2026
·Vol. 61
·期 42
·33149-33167
·
IF 4.4
Guo Hongyan,Shi Dandan,Wang Yiying,Zhao Caiying,Zhong Kaipeng,Cao Jiajia,Xu Naicai,Bian Shaoju
With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles, the demand for lithium batteries is growing. Extracting lithium from salt-lake brine is an important method for lithium separation. This study successfully synthesized high-valence Zr 4+ -doped spinel manganese oxides using a hydrothermal-calcination approach to enhance adsorption capacity and address capacity degradation issues during the cycling of manganese-based lithium-ion sieves (Mn-based LIS). The results indicate that Zr 4+ -doping reduces the particle size and increases specific surface area from 24.22 to 32.70 m 2 g −1 . The adsorption isotherm was well fitted by the Langmuir model for 2% ZrCl 4 -doped H 1.6 Mn 1.6-x Zr x O 4 (2-HMZO) indicating a monolayer chemisorption mechanism, and the theoretical maximum adsorption capacities ( q m ) of 2-HMZO at 298, 308, and 318 K were 55.13, 58.24, and 65.92 mg g −1 , respectively. The adsorption capacity of the 2-HMZO achieved 88% of its theoretical adsorption capacity. After ten cycles of adsorption and desorption, the material maintained the Mn dissolution loss of 3.77%. Meanwhile, theoretical calculations confirmed that Zr 4+ doping enhances structural stability and facilitates easier Li + transport. Combined characterization results further confirmed that the primary Li + adsorption mechanism of 2-HMZO involves ion exchange. This research provides experimental evidence for advancing the practical application of Mn-based LIS and achieving efficient lithium extraction from salt-lake brines. Graphical abstract A spinel-type Zr-doped H 1.6 Mn 1.6 O 4 adsorbent was synthesized via hydrothermal, solid-state and ion-exchange methods, using high-valence Zr 4+ as the dopant ion. The introduction of Zr 4+ significantly enhanced the Li + adsorption capacity of HMO, and it also exhibited excellent ion selectivity in real brine samples. The primary adsorption mechanisms are ion exchange and surface electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, the adsorbent well retains its intact spinel structure even after ten consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles.
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 34
·15374-15386
·
IF 7.6
Li Chenguang,Zhou Mingjun,Li Yuchen,Wang Xue,Wang Lei,Fang Cheng,Wu Gongde,Ding Jing,Wan Hui,Guan Guofeng
Direct conversion of CO 2 into ethanol represents a promising route toward carbon neutrality. In this study, a series of Zr-modified K-FeCu/MWCNT catalysts were developed for efficient and selective CO 2 hydrogenation to ethanol. The introduction of Zr promoted ethanol formation primarily by diversifying the reaction pathways toward ethanol and enhancing the dispersion of active phases. The electronic interactions among Zr, Fe, and Cu significantly reduced the particle sizes of the Fe and Cu phases and effectively restrained their migration and agglomeration. Furthermore, ZrO 2 served to adsorb and activate in situ generated CO, which subsequently coupled with CH x * species on the Fe 5 C 2 surface to yield C 2+ oxygenated intermediates, thereby favoring ethanol formation. Under the reaction conditions of 320 ° C, 4 MPa, and 6000 mL·g cat –1 ·h –1 , the Zr-modified K-FeCu/MWCNT catalyst exhibited a 44.39% higher space-time yield (STY) of ethanol than its unmodified counterpart. This performance considerably surpasses that of most Fe-based catalysts reported to date, providing insights and design strategies for developing high-performance catalysts for CO 2 hydrogenation to ethanol.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
AICHE JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 4.4
Tingting Yan,Senlin Deng,Jie Li,Guoliang Zhang,Gang Wang,Chunshan Li
Significant attention is paid to methyl methacrylate (MMA) synthesis via direct aldol reaction on supported Cs-based catalysts; however, the structure of active sites is still unclear. Herein, the structural sensitivity of Zr sites toward MMA production through aldol condensation of methyl propionate with formaldehyde on Cs/Zr/SiO 2 was identified, which was affected by surface hydroxyl groups on SiO 2 . Isolated hydroxyl groups were discovered to induce the formation of well-defined Zr sites, which facilitated MMA formation, while the dimeric Zr species led to the generation of undesired methylacrolein (MAL) byproduct. It was demonstrated that a higher proportion of medium and strong Lewis acid sites could suppress MAL production through sequential H-transfer hydrogenolysis and condensation reaction. As a result, the selectivity and formation rate of MMA could be promoted by ~30% and ~2.5 folds after Zr site modification. Therefore, the local structure of active components is critical to the regulation of catalytic performance in MMA production.
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DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2026
·
IF 17.2
Yun Huang,Qi Chen,Yueling Chen,Zefeng Yang,Jionghua Wu,Jimmy C. Yu,Ling Wu
The generation of active hydrogen species (H*) is an essential step in the photocatalytic conversion of nitrogen molecules (N 2 ) to ammonia (NH 3 ). Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are versatile porous structures but they do not exhibit sufficient photocatalytic activities for nitrogen fixation. Adding appropriate amounts of noble metal species as a cocatalyst to MOFs can often improve their activities. This work uses a photoreduction strategy to reduce the right amount of Pt 4+ to Pt clusters, and confines the remaining Pt 4+ uniformly onto DUT-67(Zr). This is realized by taking advantage of a unique Pt-S electron channel, and the unsaturated Zr sites are concurrently in-situ generated under light exposure. The unsaturated Zr sites adsorb and activate N 2 , while the Pt clusters are involved in the water splitting process on DUT-67(Zr) to generate more H*, leading to continuous H* supply that would speed up the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrogen intermediate NH x . The Pt-S electronic channel formed between highly dispersed single atoms Pt and DUT-67(Zr) facilitates the separation and transfer of photo-generated charge carriers. Consequently, with the synergistic effect of unsaturated Zr sites, Pt clusters and Pt-S electron channels, a high photocatalytic nitrogen fixation performance of 78.8 μmol g ‒1 h ‒1 can be achieved. This is 10.4 times higher than that of the sample DUT-67-L with only unsaturated Zr sites and no Pt loading. This work provides an insight to rational design of uniform dispersed precious metal-based MOF photocatalyst for efficient photocatalytic ammonia synthesis.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2026
·
IF 19.7
Jinbin Lin,Bo He,Xue Li,Xiaohui Wang,Baoxue Zhou,Pedro J.J. Alvarez,Mingce Long
Selective bond activation in heterogeneous oxidation catalysis remains challenging when multiple competitive pathways coexist. In aminophosphonates, oxidative transformation is typically dominated by kinetically favored C-N cleavage, generating refractory intermediates such as aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA). Herein, we demonstrated that selective C-P bond activation could be achieved via active-site coordination engineering. A cobalt single-atom catalyst featuring oxygen-vacancy-linked Zr sites (Co-Ov-Zr ensemble) created a dual-anchoring microenvironment that enforces bidentate adsorption of aminotris(methylenephosphonate), elongating the C-P bond and lowering its cleavage barrier. The vacancy-modified electronic structure promoted efficient peroxymonosulfate activation and Co(IV)=O generation. Consequently, the reaction coordinate was reprogrammed, reversing intrinsic selectivity from C-N to C-P cleavage. The optimized Co-Ov-ZrO 2 /PMS system achieved a five-fold enhancement in phosphate release kinetics compared to the vacancy-free analogue while suppressing AMPA formation. This work establishes adsorption-configuration control as a strategy for designing selective single-atom oxidation catalysts.
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DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
·
2026
·
IF 5.9
Qi Liu,Chenxi Tang,Jiafeng Liu,Yuan Gao,Lin Peng
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by microbial dysbiosis and a dysregulated host response, leading to soft-tissue destruction and alveolar bone loss. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) can rapidly suppress pathogens via light-triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we report zirconium-based porphyrinic metal–organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles, PCN-224, as a bifunctional platform that couples early antibacterial aPDT with subsequent immunomodulation within the periodontal microenvironment. PCN-224 demonstrated excellent biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo . Under 660 nm irradiation, PCN-224 effectively generated singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) and reduced Porphyromonas gingivalis burden. After uptake by RAW 264.7 macrophages, PCN-224 attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by lowering intracellular ROS levels, restoring superoxide dismutase activity, decreasing nitric oxide release, suppressing NF-κB signaling, accompanied by reduced IL-6, IL-1β, and iNOS and partial recovery of anti-inflammatory mediators. In a ligature-induced mouse model, local PCN-224 injection combined with 660 nm illumination decreased inflammatory infiltration and alleviated alveolar bone resorption. Collectively, PCN-224 provides a time-sequenced antibacterial-to-anti-inflammatory therapeutic effect and represents a potential MOF-enabled strategy for periodontitis management.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Zhanghan Li,Pin Wang,Cheng Ye,Jiacheng Luo,Yayun Zhang,Wenhai Chu
Increasing fluoride (F - ) in groundwater sources due to geological and anthropogenic activities poses a threat on human health. Simultaneous removal of F - and natural organic matter (NOM) is challenging during the drinking water treatment. In this study, the coagulation performance of a novel Zirconium (Zr) salt coagulant for removing F - and disinfection by-products (DBPs) precursors was tested against with a traditional aluminum sulfate (Alum) coagulation. F - can be effectively removed by both Alum (25.5 %-93.4 %) and Zr salt (41.8 %-94.2 %) coagulation at a wide pH ranging from 4.5 to 8.5, while the metal residual in the Zr salt coagulation effluent (< 0.05 mg Zr/L) was much lower than that in Alum coagulation effluent (> 0.1 mg Al/L). In the case of Zr salt enhanced coagulation, the maximum removal of F - was 64.8 % at pH 4.5. The adsorption of F - onto the Zr salt precipitates through the electrostatic attraction and ion-exchange was the main route for removal of F - . Meanwhile, the formation potential and the calculated toxicity of DBPs were reduced by 43.1 % and 41.8 % in Zr salt enhanced coagulation, respectively. The enhancement in removing low molecular weight (LMW) acids contributed to the effective control of DBPs formation and associated toxicity in Zr salt enhanced coagulation. Hence, Zr salt coagulants show great promise in controlling F - and highly toxic DBPs precursors simultaneously during drinking water treatment.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Yushun Wang,Wenjing Guo,Xuefeng Wei,Hang Yin,Jingyun Jiang,Shouren Zhang,Yannan Zhou
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) provide enormous opportunities for manufacturing functional, electronegative metal alloys with hierarchical structures—because of the broad working windows for electrochemical reactions and the advantages of multiscale directing chemistry. This work presents the electrodeposition preparation of a hierarchical-structured Cu–Zr amorphous alloy coating from ChCl–EG DES for the first time. The electrochemical behavior of Cu 2+ and Zr 4+ , and the comprehensive microscopic and structural characterizations of the obtained deposits, demonstrate a potential-dependent nucleation and growth mechanism of Cu and Zr species on the surface of Cu foil. The deposits yielded at the lower negative potentials containing small amounts of Zr (< 4.0 at.%) are two-phase, with fibrous Cu a Zr b O c compounds cross-growing on the surface of the leaf-like face-centered cubic Cu phase. In contrast, the deposit obtained at a higher negative potential presents a Christmas tree-like Cu–Zr amorphous alloy structure (9.03 at.% Zr), and the hierarchical multiscale ZrO 2 amorphous layer formed on its surface can enable the native alloy with better corrosion resistance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
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DOI
高影响因子
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