Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2023
·
IF 11.1
Hao Qi,Qirong Yang,Xinru Ma,Mengyu Wan,Zijun Zhang,Haoxi Ben,Lianghuan Wei,Zhaoying Li
The large-scale flooding of Enteromorpha prolifera (EP) forms “green tide”, which causes severe environmental problems. However, EP, an algal biomass , can be converted into syngas via pyrolysis . In this study, the pyrolysis mechanisms of the main compositional models of EP used to produce syngas are investigated using a combination of molecular dynamics simulations and fixed-bed experiments. Rhamnose (Rha), glucuronic acid (GlcA), aspartic acid (Asp), glutamic acid (Glu), and alanine (Ala) are used as the model compounds. The results indicate that H 2 is primarily produced by Glu (reached 24.68 vol%), followed by Asp and Ala, and CO is produced by Ala (reached 44.94 vol%), Glu, and Asp. The molecular dynamics simulation results indicate that the energy barriers for the pyrolysis of Glu and Ala to produce H 2 and CO, respectively, are the lowest. Three amino acids undergo dehydration, deamination, and decarboxylation . Moreover, the synergistic effect of the three amino acids in co-pyrolysis is reflected in the production of hydrogen groups from Asp; and the hydrogen group then attacks Glu to seize the hydrogen group on it to produce hydrogen . In addition, the H 2 content in the syngas produced by the separate pyrolysis of Rha (17.75 vol%) and GlcA (17.35 vol%) are similar and lower than those of the Rha and GlcA mixtures (19.12 vol%). The CO content in the pyrolysis gas of GlcA is higher than that of Rha. The simulation results prove that the amino acids undergo dicarboxylic and deamination reactions to produce amino acids and CO 2 . Meanwhile, polysaccharide sulfate breaks glycosidic bonds , producing free radicals such as hydrogen and hydroxyl groups at 700 K. When the temperature rises to 1900 K, the products of the previous stage further break the bond, producing small-molecule gases. However, the addition of polysaccharide model compounds promotes the production of CO 2 and C O groups and inhibits the formation of CO. Co-pyrolysis cannot increase H 2 , and the synergistic effect is not significant. Moreover, Ni and SAPO-34 exhibited good catalytic activities , which could increase syngas production. A raw materials to catalyst ratio of 5:1 is a good choice because it improves the H 2 and CO contents and makes economical use of Ni. With the increase of Ni catalyst cycles, H 2 content also shows a decreasing trend, from 22.86 vol% to 16.27 vol% (third cycle). With the number of SAPO-34 cycles, the increase of CO content, from 28.66 vol% to 32.67 vol% is explained by the increase in the specific surface area of the catalyst caused by repeated use, which increases the selectivity of C2 and enhances the ability of decarbonylation. This study focuses on the syngas reaction paths and pyrolysis reactions of different EP model compounds. The pyrolysis mechanism of EP to produce syngas is determined using a combination of experiments and simulations, providing a method for the energy utilization of EP.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
能源科学
·
生物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2015
·Vol. 5
·期 68
·55474-55477
·
IF 3.84
Lingqing Dong,Xufeng Yan,Kui Cheng,Wenjian Weng,Weiqiang Han
Carbon nanospheres were synthesized using a reduction–pyrolysis–catalysis process with the reaction of carbon tetrachloride and aluminum at low temperature (160 °C), which is much lower than that of traditional methods. The carbon nanospheres as an electrode for Li-ion batteries exhibited a high specific capacity of 719 mA h g−1 at a rate of 0.2 A g−1 (98.5% charge capacity retention) after 100 charge–discharge cycles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
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DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2019
·
IF 5.128
Xiaohua Zhang,Hao Ma,Shubin Wu,Weikun Jiang,Weiqi Wei,Ming Lei
Great effort has been exerted to develop better, more effective fractionation techniques and improve the quality of bio-oil. Water extraction can be regarded as an effective method for bio-oil fractionation. In this study, fractionation of pyrolysis oil into water-soluble (WS) and water-insoluble (WI) phases by water extraction was investigated, and the influence of several factors, including water-to-oil ratio and water temperature, on the performance of the method were evaluated via several analytical techniques. When the water-to-oil ratio was 20:1 and the extraction temperature was 20 °C, polar and non-polar components were enriched in the WS (36.56 wt%) and WI (63.44 wt%) phases, respectively. Although extraction temperature had no significant effect on the properties of WS and WI, the distribution of polar and non-polar components was markedly affected by the dispersion and polarity of the compounds. 2D HSQC-NMR results revealed that side chain structures were more sensitive than aromatic structures to temperature. In view of these findings, an effective energy- and resource-saving extraction method featuring a water-to-oil ratio of 20:1 and extraction temperature of 20 °C is recommended for optimal water fractionation of pyrolysis oil.
研究领域:
能源生物学
·
分析化学
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DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2020
·
IF 5.578
Jing Gu,Honggang Fan,Yazhuo Wang,Yuyuan Zhang,Haoran Yuan,Yong Chen
The thermal weight-loss characteristics and product distribution of the co-pyrolysis between xylan from corn cob (XC) and high-density polyethylene (HP) were investigated by thermogravimetry coupled with fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (TG-FTIR-MS) and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (Py-GC/MS). Moreover, the synergistic effects in the co-pyrolysis process were explored. The co-pyrolysis of XC and HP occurs in two stages. The first stage (220–350 °C) was the decomposition of XC, and the second stage (440–525 °C) was mainly attributed to the decomposition of HP. Co-pyrolysis caused the blends to decompose more easily. The synergistic effect was confirmed during the co-pyrolysis process. The co-pyrolysis process promoted the release of hydrocarbons (CH 4 , C 2 H 2 , C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 6 , and C 3 H 8 ) and aldehyde derivatives (CH 3 CHO and CHO + ) and decreased the production of H 2 and H 2 O. Moreover, co-pyrolysis suppressed the generation of CO 2 only when the content of HP was 75%. The Py-GC/MS results showed that the yield of oxygen-containing compounds decreased, and the yield of alkenes and alkanes increased. The increase in alkenes was greatest when the ratio of XC to HP was 1:3. This phenomenon could be attributed to the release of hydrogen radicals from mono-molecular and bi-molecular dehydrogenation reactions during the decomposition of HP. Thus, HP could be a hydrogen donor, providing hydrogen for xylan-derived oxygenates, which served as acceptors. A reaction mechanism for the co-pyrolysis of XC and HP was also proposed.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
·
化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Yishou Liu,Yi Zhang,Qiang Hu,Tania Farias,Xiaosheng Peng,Yingquan Chen,Haiping Yang,Hanping Chen
Catalytic fast pyrolysis of nitrogen-rich biomass offers a promising route for producing high-value N-containing chemicals while reducing NOₓ emissions. This study systematically examines the effects of pyrolysis temperature, residence time, zeolite Si/Al ratio, and external nitrogen sources on the conversion behavior of soybean protein. The results show that appropriately elevated catalytic temperatures and reduced space velocities significantly promote the formation of N-heterocycles such as indole and quinoline. Mildly acidic HZSM-5 with abundant micropores, as well as added inorganic nitrogen sources, further enhance product selectivity. Spectroscopic analysis reveals a sequential evolution of nitrogen species on the catalyst surface, in which protein-derived quaternary nitrogen gradually transforms into pyridinic N and subsequently into N-heterocyclic intermediates, accompanied by the release of CO₂ and NH₃. These findings elucidate the mechanistic pathway of nitrogen migration during catalytic pyrolysis and provide guidance for the targeted synthesis of high-value N-containing chemicals.
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 109
·期 2
·e70571
·
IF 4.2
Shaoheng Zhang,Fucheng Xie,Gaoming Mo,Haijun Chen,Qing Huang
This study presents the synthesis of low-carbon polyborocarbosilane (PBCS) through a high-temperature and high-pressure method using polysilacarbosilane (PSCS) and o-carborane, addressing the issue of excess carbon and difficulty in introducing boron (B) in conventional polycarbosilane (PCS) precursors. The incorporation of o-carborane significantly accelerates the reaction kinetics compared to conventional PCS synthesis, and structural characterization (FTIR, NMR) confirms the successful integration of boron into the polymer backbone. The PBCS precursor exhibits a reduced carbon content (C/Si molar ratio: 1.48) and enhanced branching degree. During pyrolysis, TG-MS and FTIR analyses reveal accelerated polymer-to-ceramic conversion below 800°C, due to the crosslinking reactions among B─H, Si─H, and Si─CH 3 groups, which promote hydrocarbon release and yield near-stoichiometric SiC ceramics (C/Si = 1.08 at 1800°C). Furthermore, ultrafine PBCS fibers are fabricated via electrospinning of PBCS, after direct thermal curing (without oxidative crosslinking) and pyrolysis, ultrafine near-stoichiometric crystalline SiC ultrafine fibers with low oxygen content and dense structure are obtained. During the sintering process, the formation of B─C/B─Si bonds promotes densification of the SiC ultrafine fibers and suppresses abnormal grain growth, potentially through the formation of boron solid solutions.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2026
·
IF 6.2
Chohee Yang,Taewoo Lee,Young-Min Kim,Doyeon Lee,Eilhann E. Kwon
Given the non-biodegradable nature of synthetic textiles, their thermal treatment (incineration) presents a promising route to mitigate environmental issues associated with microfiber generation. However, this approach is hindered by the formation of toxic aromatic compounds, especially characterized when heteroatoms are present in the polymer backbones. To address this challenge, this study proposes a pyrolytic valorization of acrylic fabric waste (AFW) while using carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as a detoxifying agent to suppress the toxic aromatic byproducts. Compositional analysis of AFW revealed the presence of 85 wt% polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and 15 wt% polyvinyl acetate (PVA). Pyrolysis of AFW yielded a complex mixture of volatile products, predominantly AN-derived oligomers and their aromatic derivatives; however, direct interactions between these intermediates and CO 2 were limited. To activate the reactivity of CO 2 , an ex-situ catalytic system using a nickel (Ni)-based catalyst was integrated to the conventional pyrolysis. The Ni catalyst facilitated the cyclization and aromatization of AN-derived oligomers, while the formed aromatics were partially oxidized by CO 2 into carbon monoxide (CO), suppressing the aromatic analogues. Increasing the catalyst-bed temperature from 500 to 700 ˚C enhanced CO 2 activation and promoted the conversion of aromatics to CO. At catalyst-bed temperature of 700 ˚C, catalytic pyrolysis under CO 2 exhibited a 35.9 % reduction in toxic aromatic formation compared to pyrolysis under nitrogen environment. Overall, this work demonstrates a sustainable strategy for AFW disposal with elucidating the mechanistic role of CO 2 in transforming toxic aromatic species into detoxified gaseous products, primarily CO.
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DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2026
·
IF 7.5
Lianhua Hou,Bo Sun,Chen Wang,Jing Chen,Baojian Shen,Chunming Xu,Xiaochun Zhu
The cost-efficient exploitation of low- to moderate maturity (LMM) shale is of great significance in ensuring energy security, yet the existing technologies suffer from low pyrolysis efficiency, high energy consumption, and poor quality of product oil and gas. For the first time, this study proposes a novel strategy using gaseous ferrocene as an efficient catalyst for the in-situ catalytic pyrolysis of such shale, leveraging its unique low-temperature sublimation property for uniform dispersion in shale microfractures. Systematic pyrolysis experiments demonstrated that the addition of ferrocene effectively enhanced both the yield and quality of product oil and gas. Under conditions of 0.5 % ferrocene addition and an initial reaction pressure of 2 and 0.5 MPa, the product oil recovery rate increased by 31.67 % and 106.16 %, respectively, as compared with the non-catalytic pyrolysis. The yield of H 2 and light hydrocarbons (CH 4 , C 2 -C 4 ) in the gas products increased significantly, while the proportion of gasoline fraction in product oil rose markedly, with a substantial reduction in heavy oil components. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that ferrocene reduces the energy barrier of C–C bonds and C–O bonds cleavage, supporting the experimental results of enhanced pyrolysis of kerogen.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
·
2018
·Vol. 37
·期 3
·2741-2748
·
IF 5.336
Bin Hu,Qiang Lu,Xiao-yan Jiang,Ji Liu,Min-shu Cui,Chang-qing Dong,Yong-ping Yang
During fast pyrolysis of biomass, hydroxyacetone (HA, also known as 1-hydroxy-2-propanone) is a vital linear ketone product from fragmentation (ring scission) of cellulose . In this study, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are employed to reveal the HA formation mechanisms and pathways from fast pyrolysis of glucose that is the cellulose-based monosaccharide . Moreover, isotopic labeling fast pyrolysis experiments were conducted to confirm the theoretical calculation results from glucose. The results indicate that during glucose pyrolysis , HA is mainly derived from C1–C2–C3 and C4–C5–C6 segments, with C1 or C6 in the methyl group of HA. The HA from C1–C2–C3 is mainly generated via the 3-ketohexose intermediate, while the formation of the HA from C4–C5–C6 mainly involves the d -fructose intermediate. In addition, the formation of HA is parallel and competitive with the formation of levoglucosan (LG, the most important pyrolytic product of glucose), and the secondary decomposition of LG will result in trace of the HA from C4–C5–C6.
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DOI
高影响因子
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Hong Wang,Bingzhi Liu,Qiang Xu,Shijun Dong,Zhandong Wang,Long Zhu
Cyclopentanone (CPN) is a widely available biofuel with excellent combustion properties, but detailed speciation profiles during its pyrolysis have rarely been studied. This work examines the pyrolysis of CPN in a jet-stirred reactor (JSR) at atmospheric pressure, with residence time of 2 s and a temperature range from 830 K to 1100 K. Dozens of pyrolysis intermediates and products were measured using synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry (SVUV-PIMS) and gas chromatography (GC). Among them, several new species were observed, including water, carbon dioxide , formaldehyde, indene , 1,2-dihydroindene, naphthalene , 1,2-dihydronaphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene, acenaphthylene , biphenyl , and fluorene . A detailed kinetic model was developed based on the literature, and in general, it predicted the experimental results for most species well. Kinetic analyses indicated that the consumption of CPN was controlled by the bimolecular reactions with H atom. The formation of water, carbon dioxide and formaldehyde could be explained by the reaction pathways of OH radical. The pyrolysis of CPN yielded a significant number of alkenes and alkynes at higher temperatures; the bimolecular addition reactions of these species with resonantly stabilized radicals are important to the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Based on those, this work provides valuable insights into CPN pyrolysis chemistry and it promotes the development of a comprehensive CPN combustion model.
研究领域:
燃烧化学
·
能源化学
·
反应动力学
·
分析化学
·
环境化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2017
·
IF 4.798
Libo Deng,Wenhua Zhong,Jubei Wang,Peixin Zhang,Haoming Fang,Lei Yao,Xuqing Liu,Xiangzhong Ren,Yongliang Li
Biomass-derived carbons have been extensively researched as electrode material for energy storage and conversion recently. However, most of the previous works convert crude biomass directly into carbon and the electrochemical capacitances for the resultant carbons are quite often underestimated as well as large variations in capacitances exist in literatures due to the complex nature of biomass, which practically hinder their applications. In this work, polysaccharide nanofibers were extracted from an inexpensive natural fungus using a hydrothermal method and were converted to porous carbon nanofibers (CNFs) by potassium hydroxide activation. The porous carbons were assembled into symmetric supercapacitors using both potassium hydroxide and an ionic liquid (IL) as electrolytes. Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance characterization showed that the micropores of the as-prepared carbons are accessible to the IL electrolyte when uncharged and thus high capacitance is expected. It is found in both electrolytes the electrochemical capacitances of CNFs are significantly higher than those of the porous carbon derived directly from the crude fungus. Furthermore, the CNFs delivered an extraordinary energy density of 92.3 Wh kg −1 in the IL electrolyte, making it a promising candidate for electrode materials for supercapacitors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源化学
·
纳米技术
·
电化学
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2026
·
IF 8.3
Qiang Gao,Yang Hu,Hongyun Hu,Chan Zou,Xinhong Yuan,Xian Li,Hong Yao
Hydrogen production from organic solid waste via pyrolysis is a low-carbon and promising way. However, low hydrogen conversion capability limited by heat transfer and catalysis hinders highly efficient utilization of solid waste pyrolysis gases. In this study, the selected NaOH–Na 2 CO 3 binary salt was introduced to optimize H 2 production during thermal treatment of waste tires, and the characteristics of hydrogen distribution and its generation mechanism were investigated. The results demonstrated that molten salt treatment increased H 2 yield by 17 times compared to conventional pyrolysis at 575 °C, and H 2 share in pyrolysis gas exceeded 72 vol%. An increase in temperature also increased hydrogen yield under molten salt conditions, and the hydrogen yield rose to 14.3 mmol/g-feedstock at 575 °C. Additionally, molten salt exhibited large H 2 production with over 2 mmol/g-feedstock for large particle feedstocks with a particle size of 10 mm. According to oil analysis and rubber pure substance validation, molten salt promoted the Diels-Alder reaction and aromatization of butadiene monomers from the decomposition of cis -butadiene and styrene-butadiene rubber, leading to the release of hydrogen and increasing the H 2 concentration level in the pyrolysis gas. This study provides a technical practice for the hydrogen production from solid waste.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）