ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2024
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IF 7.1
Jiahui Gong,Mengfei Tian,Ying Liu,Yuting Zhang,Junhui Xing,Qi Liang,Xiaofei Xie,Chunying Li,Chunjian Zhao
In this work, a dual-responsive ionic liquid (DR-IL), namely, [C4mim][FeCl4] was developed for simultaneously extracting and separating hydrophilic phytochemicals, including epicatechin (EC), dihydroquercetin (DQ), ferulic acid (FA), and hydrophobic phytochemicals, such as emodin (ED), chrysophanol (CP), and physcion (PC), from roots of wild Rumex acetosa L. The [C4mim][FeCl4] demonstrates considerable potential for extracting and separating target phytochemicals through temperature adjustment and accelerated phase separation facilitated by a neodymium magnet. Meanwhile, a high recovery yield is obtained by adding a magnetic field. The overall extraction yield of target phytochemicals achieved by [C4mim][FeCl4] reaches 16.12 mg/g under the optimal extraction conditions, representing a 1.53–2.39-fold increase compared to conventional solvents. Furthermore, the molecular simulation and FT-IR analysis reveal that the synergistic effect of van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds significantly contributed to the higher extraction yields of target phytochemicals.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2025
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IF 6.2
Yu Chai,Ye-Ting Wang,Xiao-Ping Zheng,Ya-Peng Du,Yu-Cang Zhang,Yan-Zhen Zheng
As the depletion of fossil energy, the utilization of renewable energy especially the lignocellulosic biomass has become increasingly critical. However, the recalcitrant nature of lignocellulose presents substantial challenges in its efficient processing. In this study, the combination of ionic liquids (ILs) and organic acid emerges as a promising, sustainable, and cost-effective method for lignocellulose pretreatment. This study investigated the pretreatment of passion fruit husks, an agricultural by-product, using a system of IL 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl) and levulinic acid (LA), a biomass-derived carboxylic acid, to effectively separate cellulose and lignin. Co-solvents such as ethanol, water and acetone were applied to reduce the viscosity of the pretreatment system and improve mass transfer efficiency during biomass pretreatment. The optimal pretreatment condition was found to be 3 h reaction time, 130 °C, and ethanol as co-solvent at 10 wt% of the pretreatment system. The cellulose-rich residues were prepared into lignin containing nanocellulose (LCN), which were then utilized as emulsifiers in the preparation of Pickering emulsions. These emulsions demonstrated exceptional storage stability over prolonged periods. Additionally, the lignin-rich pretreatment solution was incorporated as an active additive into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to produce composite films, which exhibited excellent UV-blocking capabilities and mechanical strength (46.37 MPa for tensile strength and 747.62 % for the elongation at break at 40 wt% lignin). This sustainable biorefinery strategy enables the comprehensive conversion of passion fruit husk biomass into bio-based multifunctional nanomaterials, offering promising applications in diverse industrial sectors.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2025
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IF 4.7
Mian Zhu,Chao Lyu,Bin Wang,Zhenhui Yu,Jingxian Liu
This study aimed to develop an effective CO2/N2 selective separation membrane for the capture of CO2 from air or flue gas. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was chosen as the organic substrate for the preparation of mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs). To enhance the CO2 mass transfer rate, an ionic liquid (IL) with high CO2 solubility was introduced through direct material blending, while a leaf-like zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-L) was functionalized with silane coupling agents as the inorganic filler. Subsequently, the prepared PVDF-IL@ZIF MMMs were tested for the CO2 separation performance and mechanical properties. The results revealed that IL loading could significantly enhance the separation performance of MMMs for CO2/N2 separation, and the AZL-incorporated IL loading MMM (PPAZL) exhibited the optimal gas separation performance, with 24.5% CO2/N2 selectivity at 2 bar transmembrane pressure. Notably, AZL also demonstrated superior interfacial compatibility with PVDF compared to both ZIF-8 and pristine ZIF-L, which facilitated the maximization of IL loading in the MMM, achieving more than 10% higher IL capacity than ZIF-8-filled counterparts while stabilizing IL immobilization within the membrane matrix.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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2025
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IF 3.7
Yiqian Yang,Gang Wang,Xiaoyan Sun,Shuguang Xiang,Chunshan Li
Gas-liquid hydrodynamic characteristics under chemical reaction-enhanced mass transfer are crucial parameters for analyzing mass transfer behavior in microreactor, which can facilitate the optimization of the reaction conditions to achieve efficient mass transfer and improve catalytic performance. Herin, the movement and shrinkage of CO 2 bubbles in the microreactor were visualized and monitored using a high-speed camera. Four typical patterns such as bubble flow, bubble-Taylor flow, Taylor flow and Taylor-annular flow were observed, and the impact of temperature on flow pattern transition lines was investigated. Furthermore, the correlation models for predicting dimensionless initial CO 2 bubble length ( L B / d ) and liquid-side volumetric mass transfer coefficient were developed to illustrate the effects of reaction conditions on the hydrodynamics and mass transfer behavior of CO 2 bubble accompanying the chemical reaction. This work deepens the understanding of the hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics in a real CO 2 cycloaddition reaction system and provides a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of gas-liquid microreactor.
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Small
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2025
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IF 12.1
Yan Gao,Xiayu Lia,Shuai Huang,Na Zhao,Jianshe Zhao
Three-dimensionally ordered macro-microporous 3DOM-ZIF-8-based peroxophosphotungstate (DIL-PW 4 ) is constructed to break the limitation of micropores inherent in traditional supported catalysts. The presence of ordered macropores expose more active sites and significantly enhance mass diffusion, thereby boosting catalytic activity, especially in reactions involving larger molecules. The prepared composite DIL-PW 4 @3DOM-ZIF-8 is verified by various characterization techniques and used as a catalyst for the extraction oxidation desulfurization of multi-component simulated fuel. The results showed that heterogeneous catalyst DIL-PW 4 @3DOM-ZIF-8 has a remarkable catalytic effect, with 97.03% total sulfides removal in 120 min. In addition, the stability and reusability of the catalyst DIL-PW 4 @3DOM-ZIF-8 are evaluated as important parameters for industrial applications. In addition, a possible mechanism based on experimental studies are proposed.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
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2025
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IF 4
Yinjie Dai,Huiqi Guo,Xiaoyun Lei,Jingpu Tang,Ting Huang,Chenchen Lin,Xiaoping Wu
The present study proposes a facile fabrication of a phosphate-functionalized monolithic extraction column via radical polymerization within an ionic liquid (IL) porogenic system, with the objective of enriching microcystins (MCs). The synthesis employed bis[2-(methacryloxyethyl)] phosphate (BMEP) as the affinity monomer, methacryloxypropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS-MA) as co-monomer, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA, Mn∼575) as crosslinker, and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator. The structural and morphological properties of the resulting monolith were systematically investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. It is evident that the use of [C 8 mim,BF 4 ] IL enhances the solubility of monomer and accelerates polymerization rate. The incorporation of phosphate group and rigid POSS skeleton endows the hybrid monolith with specific phosphate-guanidine recognition, hydrophobic interaction, hierarchical porous structure, and good mechanical stability, thereby enabling high extraction efficiency and fast mass transfer to MCs. Under the optimized conditions, the as-prepared monolith was utilized for capillary microextraction (CME) of MCs in surface waters, prior to their analysis by HPLC-MS. The analytical performance validation revealed sub-ppt detection limits (0.83–1.12 ng l -1 ) with satisfactory recoveries (73.4–119 %) and relative standard deviations of 1.0–7.3 %. These findings thus demonstrate the advantage of phosphate-functionalized monoliths in application-specific CME.
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Journal of Coatings Technology and Research
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2025
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IF 2.8
Shang Fengju,Zhang Jiaqing,Wang Shuping,Cheng Yifeng,Shao Wenlong,Xiao Fei
Steel structures are widely used in the construction of buildings and bridges; however, their fire safety performance faces many challenges. In an effort to develop an environmentally benign intumescent coating for steel substrates, a combination of biomass-containing flame-retardant ingredients and epoxy binder was designed in this study. The effects of various combinations of fillers on the thermal stability and fire retardancy of the coatings were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis, butane torch burner, and cone calorimeter. The integration of humic acid (HA) and as-synthesized ionic liquid–polyoxometalate (IL-POM) hybrid endowed the char residues with improved resistance to oxidation and higher thermal stability, leading to the best fire-protective performance. Thanks to the combination effect of fillers, the backside temperature of the coating was nearly 80 °C lower than that of the coating (from 197 to 120 °C) without HA and IL-POM (C2 coating) after the burning test, and the corresponding char yield at 800 °C increased to 29.3% from 21.2% (thermogravimetric analysis), suggesting that the thermal stability and fire resistance were improved. Moreover, it achieved a lower peak heat release rate (− 83.8%), fire growth rate index (− 79.9%), and maximum average heat release rate (− 81.8%) in the cone calorimeter test as compared to C1 coating, accompanied by a more dense and cohesive surface residual char layer structure. The flame-retardant mechanism of the intumescent coating was systematically investigated via scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), Raman, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. In summary, this work provides a feasible and practical approach to resolve the problem of sustainability and efficiency of the intumescent coatings, showing potential applications in fire protection of steel structures.
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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
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2025
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IF 4.7
Xingyu Lin,Hongsheng Lu,Ruoxin Zhang,Ziteng Yang,Yong Zhang,Li Wang,Baiwen Huang
Ionic liquid surfactants (ILSs) show great potential for forming wormlike micelles (WLMs) due to their tunable molecular structures. However, their economic and environmental sustainability remains challenging. In this study, a fully recyclable PS-DMCHA ILSs was synthesized from a 1:1 molar mixture of palmitic acid (PA) and stearic acid (SA) (denoted PS) with N, N -dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA). The HOMO, LUMO and molecular electrostatic potential were calculated by Dmol 3 with PBE functional. The formation of WLMs was confirmed through surface tension measurements, rheological analysis, and Cryo-TEM imaging. The recyclability of PS and DMCHA was validated using FTIR, 1 H NMR and molecular dynamics simulation. Results revealed that electrostatic interactions and proton transfer drive the formation of ILSs. The long carbon chain of PS contributes to the low surface tension of the ionic liquid system. The combination of PA and SA enables the formation of an ionic liquid at room temperature. When the concentration of ILSs exceeded 6.31 wt%, a wormlike network was formed. Under acidic conditions (pH<4), PS was fully precipitated from the viscoelastic fluids as a solid and separated out, while DMCHA was recovered under basic conditions (pH>12). This study offers valuable insights into enhancing both the economic and environmental feasibility of WLMs as recyclable fracturing fluid systems.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2025
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IF 5.4
Bingjie Zhang,Xiaoye Bi,Zexiong Li,Dong Xue,Tianyang Li,Baoping Wang,Chencheng lv,Yunpeng Wang,Tao Zhao
In this study, an innovative multifunctional coating for cotton fabrics via a straightforward UV-initiated polymerization method has been developed using a non-aqueous solvent. Synthesized from N-bromobutane, 1-vinylimidazole, potassium hexafluorophosphate (KPF₆), and sodium tetrafluoroborate (NaBF₄), the poly（ionic liquid） (PIL) imparts exceptional flame retardancy and hydrophobic properties to cotton fabrics. This PIL coating uniformly adheres to the cotton surface, significantly enhancing flame retardancy and durability. Notably, the PIL-PF₆-treated cotton achieved a high limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 39.5% and displayed a damaged length of approximately 94 mm in vertical flammability tests (VFT). Even after 20 washing cycles, the PIL-PF₆-treated fabric maintained a damaged length below 100 mm, highlighting its long-lasting effectiveness. This work offers a practical and effective strategy to enhance the safety and longevity of cotton fabrics, presenting promising applications in the field of flame-retardant textiles.
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WATER RESEARCH
·
2025
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IF 12.4
Yanping Wang,Longfang Ren,Xinqing Han,Huaqing Liu,Bing Shi,Taotao Qiang
The engineering design of uranium adsorbents encounters great challenge in terms of adsorption selectivity, adsorption capacity and antibacterial properties. Based on the designability of ionic liquids and good self-floating property of down fibers, we developed a novel cyanopyridine ionic liquid (IL-AN) and introduced it into the structure of down fibers by covalent binding (IDF-AN). Then the cyanogroup in IDF-AN was amidoximated to obtained IDF-AO with π-π conjugated structure, finally Ag NPs was in-situ loaded to construct an adsorbent IDF-AO/Ag with enhanced photothermal conversion and antibacterial properties. The rigid planar structure of pyridine ring and the flexible chelating arm of amidoxime group in IDF-AO/Ag make it exhibit distinguished selective adsorption for O = U = O . The K d (U/V) is as high as (2.97±0.13) × 10 5 mL/g, which is significantly higher than other adsorbents. Simultaneously, IDF-AO/Ag, just like camouflaged sargassum, can float on water surface to be exposed under solar irradiation for a long time. In this way, the adsorption capacity of IDF-AO/Ag under light condition (589.0 mg/g) is increased by 51.2 % than under dark conditions (389.78 mg/g) with the help of photothermal effects. Additionally, the water evaporation rate is improved to 2.78 kg m -2 h -1 under 1 solar irradiation. After 5 adsorption-desorption cycles, the adsorption capacity maintains 87.7 % of initial adsorption. A 30-day natural seawater experiment in Bohai Sea (121.11 °E, 40.83 °N) shows high adsorption capacity (8.45 mg/g) and excellent strength. The self-developed adsorbent has potential application in real seawater and this groundbreaking study provides a new concept for the engineering design of uranium adsorbents by synergistic strategy of bionic design and specific functional modification.
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ENERGY
·
2025
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IF 9.4
Qingqing Liu,Huiyuan Liu,Weiqi Zhang,Qian Xu,Lindiwe Khotseng,Sivakumar Pasupathi,Huaneng Su
The performance of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) is severely limited by the poisoning effect and low oxygen solubility of the phosphoric acid (PA) electrolyte. To address this, we report an innovative catalyst architecture consisting of one-dimensional hollow PtNi nanochains coated with a functional ionic liquid (IL), termed PtNi@IL/C. This design creates a multifunctional interface that demonstrates exceptional PA tolerance, achieving an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) half-wave potential of 0.840 V in a PA-containing electrolyte, which is 90 mV higher than commercial Pt/C. The IL coating synergistically enhances performance by suppressing PA adsorption on Pt active sites while simultaneously boosting O 2 mass transport through its high oxygen solubility, and providing a highly efficient proton conduction pathway. As a result, a membrane electrode assembly utilizing the PtNi@IL/C catalyst achieves a high peak power density of 521 mW cm −2 at 150 °C. Furthermore, the catalyst exhibits outstanding durability, with a negligible 4 mV activity loss after 5000 electrochemical cycles and only a 2 % power density decay in single-cell tests, significantly outperforming the 14.3 % decay of Pt/C. This stability is attributed to the IL mechanically reinforcing the porous nanochain structure, preventing degradation. This work presents a powerful catalyst-interface engineering strategy for developing next-generation, high-performance fuel cells.
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HYDROMETALLURGY
·
2020
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IF 3.338
Lei Xu,Chen Chen,Ming-Lai Fu
The eventual fading and scrapping of lithium (Li)-ion batteries will result in the formation of a huge urban mine of spent batteries. Hydrometallurgy and further extraction/separation are effective ways in which to recover the valuable metal ions from such batteries. Herein, extraction and recovery of spent lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) battery leach liquors using Cyphos IL-101 is proposed. Based on the optimization of extraction conditions, continuous circulating extraction, and thermodynamic analysis, Cyphos IL-101 effectively extracted cobalt (Co) ions with excellent stability and high extraction capacity (35.25 g/L). The separation factor of Co and Li (β Co/Li ) was 102.11 in 0.5 M HCl at 60 °C under the optimal operation condition. Moreover, an increase in temperature increased Co extraction in the spent Li-ion battery leach liquors. The extractants before and after use were characterized using ultraviolet-visible (UV–Vis) absorption spectra , Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. The extraction mechanism of cobalt ions by Cyphos IL-101 was suggested as that cobalt transferred to the organic phase from the aqueous phase in the form of [CoCl 4 ] 2− . 90.5% of Co and 86.2% of Li were recovered by precipitation after extraction separation in the forms of cobalt oxalate and lithium carbonate with the purity 87.4% and 74.2%. This suggested method might provide a promising strategy for recycling spent lithium cobalt oxide batteries.
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