RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
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2025
·
IF 3.5
Zhang Chi,Sheng Xueru,Jia Haiyuan,Li Na,Zhang Jian,Wang Bing,Shi Haiqiang,Ping Qingwei,Li Ning
In this study, a friendly synthesis route for Mg–Al mixed metal oxide catalysts was successfully developed using the one-pot ball milling method, which was then applied to cyclohexanone self-condensation. This solvent-free solid-phase preparation, driven by mechanical force, rapidly fabricates the mixed metal oxide crystalline phase. Unlike the traditional hydrothermal co-precipitation method, it eliminates the need for solvent separation and recycling, reducing preparation time from hours to just 30 min. Consequently, it is both environmentally friendly and efficient. The structure and performance of the catalyst were analyzed using various techniques. Results indicate that it has a higher active sites density and is effective in cyclohexanone condensation reactions. The mean temperature method (MTM) was also proposed to analyze the temperature fluctuations during the ball milling process, which more accurately reveals the impact of temperature variations on the reaction. The results demonstrate that the ball milling method has a low apparent activation energy (Ea, app = 46.25 kJ/mol), indicating its superiority in catalytic reactions.
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Nature Protocols
·
2025
·
IF 16
Wu Piyu,Hu Yuru,Li Hongyun,Chen Wei,Liu Zheng
Understanding how cells sense and respond to mechanical forces is crucial for many biological processes, including adhesion, migration, differentiation and immune activation. In this protocol, we describe two advanced DNA-based tension probes, the reversible shearing DNA-based tension probe (RSDTP) and ForceChrono probe, which provide powerful tools for studying mechanotransduction in living cells. RSDTPs enable dynamic quantification of forces ranging from 4 to 60 pN, offering the advantage of reversibility without ligand depletion, making them ideal for ensemble force measurements across populations of cells. ForceChrono probes not only measure the magnitude of force but also capture its duration and loading rate, providing essential insights into the temporal dynamics of single-molecule force transmission. We detail the fundamental principles, design strategies and step-by-step procedures for synthesizing, purifying and applying these probes, including surface preparation, cell experiments, image acquisition and data analysis. In addition, we describe the computational tools for image analysis. Together, these probes enable a detailed analysis of cellular mechanobiology, with applications in integrin mechanobiology and cell adhesion biology. This protocol is suitable for researchers with a background in cell biology, molecular biology, surface chemistry, optical imaging and data analysis and can be completed by a graduate student in 3–4 days.
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China Foundry
·
2025
·
IF 2.3
Yang Yong-kang,Wang Bo-ran,Jia Zi-qi,Niu Shu-xin,Li Xin,Guo Ya-jie,Xu Xi-qing
Vat photopolymerization (VPP) 3D printing is an optimized technology for complex-shaped ceramic cores, in which the solid loading of ceramic slurries greatly influences the microstructure and property of the final ceramic parts. However, the high solid loading of slurries is highly limited by the high viscosity. In this study, silica-based ceramic core slurries with solid loading up to 68vol.% were achieved by the composition design to optimize the performance, considering the curing, rheological, and double bond conversion rate. The slurries demonstrate superior curing and rheological performance with mass ratio of monomers being 3:2 and mass fraction of BYK111 being 4wt.%. Afterwards, the impact of solid loading on the morphology and mechanical properties was investigated. As the solid loading increases, the microstructure becomes gradually dense, leading to an improved flexural strength of 19.5 MPa. Additionally, the sintering shrinkage becomes more uniform, satisfying the casting requirements effectively. This work serves as a guide for the preparation of ceramic slurries with a high solid loading.
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Nature Communications
·
2022
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 17.694
Li Siwu,Zhu Haolin,Liu Yuan,Han Zhilong,Peng Linfeng,Li Shuping,Yu Chuang,Cheng Shijie,Xie Jia
Potassium metal is an appealing alternative to lithium as an alkali metal anode for future electrochemical energy storage systems. However, the use of potassium metal is hindered by the growth of unfavourable deposition (e.g., dendrites) and volume changes upon cycling. To circumvent these issues, we propose the synthesis and application of nitrogen and zinc codoped porous carbon nanofibres that act as potassium metal hosts. This carbonaceous porous material enables rapid potassium infusion (e.g., < 1 s cm −2 ) with a high potassium content (e.g., 97 wt. %) and low potassium nucleation overpotential (e.g., 15 mV at 0.5 mA cm −2 ). Experimental and theoretical measurements and analyses demonstrate that the carbon nanofibres induce uniform potassium deposition within its porous network and facilitate a dendrite-free morphology during asymmetric and symmetric cell cycling. Interestingly, when the potassium-infused carbon material is tested as an active negative electrode material in combination with a sulfur-based positive electrode and a nonaqueous electrolyte solution in the coin cell configuration, an average discharge voltage of approximately 1.6 V and a discharge capacity of approximately 470 mA h g −1 after 600 cycles at 500 mA g −1 and 25 °C are achieved.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2018
·Vol. 25
·期 10
·9873-9886
·
IF 2.8
Liu Rong,Zhang Yonggang
Fe 2 O 3 /graphite (Fe 2 O 3 /C) and nano-TiO 2 -coated glass bead were prepared by impregnation and sol–gel method respectively and employed as the catalyst of a novel three-dimensional electrode photoelectrocatalytic (3-D PEC) system. The photoexcited electrons can transfer from TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 to counter electrode. It improves the migration of photoexcited charges, retards the fast recombination of electron–hole, and increases the lifetime of photogenerated holes (h + ). In addition, the cycle reaction of Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ on Fe 2 O 3 /C surface enhanced the Fenton reaction which can produce more hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and promote the capacity of mineralization of the pollutants. This novel 3-D PEC system showed excellent performance for the degradation of berberine chloride form (BCF). At the pH value of 3, 93% BCF was removed within 60 min; besides, 98.64% COD removal rate, 78.96% mineralization, 21.47% mineralization current efficiency, and just 3.16 kW h g −1 TOC energy cost were obtained in 120 min. In this study, we proposed the 3-D PEC mechanism. Electron spin resonance (ESR) and scavenging experiments suggest that the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) are superoxide radicals (O 2 ·− ), ·OH, and h + , while the role of sulfate radical (SO 4 ·− ) is insignificant. This work provides a new dimension for the design of reactors for wastewater treatment and the construction of the 3-D PEC system can potentially be utilized in water purification.
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ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
·
2024
·Vol. 206
·期 12
·1-13
·
IF 2.3
Qi Yixin,Shi Qixue,Ma Lingman,Xu Liang,Deng Yi,Zhou Changlin
Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) are the targets of β-lactam antibiotics; however, changes in the affinity of PBPs for beta-lactam antibiotics often affect the susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanism by which cefditoren, an oral third-generation cephalosporin, binds PBPs. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), bactericidal curves, and inhibition zone comparisons were assessed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of cefditoren. PBP1A and PBP2X proteins from Streptococcus pneumoniae were purified, and their ability to bind to cefditoren was investigated via microscale thermophoresis. The Kd of cefditoren toward PBP1A was 0.005 ± 0.004 µM, which was lower than those of other cephalosporins (cefcapene, cefixime and cefdinir). In contrast, the Kd of cefditoren toward PBP2X of S. pneumoniae was 9.70 ± 8.24 µM, which was lower than that of cefixime but higher than those of cefcapene and cefdinir. Additionally, the biotinylated ampicillin (BIO-AMP) method was employed to evaluate the affinity of cefditoren toward PBPs of Haemophilus influenzae , and the results demonstrated that cefditoren and PBP3A/B had the lowest IC 50 values (0.060 ± 0.002 µM). These findings indicate that cefditoren has a strong affinity for PBP1A of H. influenzae . Cefditoren has a high affinity toward the PBP1As of S. pneumoniae and PBP1A and PBP3A/B of H. influenzae , which may contribute to the effective antibacterial effects of cefditoren against clinical strains and its low propensity for inducing resistance. The data presented in this article help elucidate the mechanism by which cefditoren, an oral third-generation cephalosporin, binds to PBPs and provide theoretical support for the wider use of cefditoren as an antibiotic therapy.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 3.8
Hu Haojie,He Chen,Zhu Di,Zhang Weilai,Zhuo Xiaocun,Li Yuguo,Shi Quan
While ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry has enabled the identification of the molecular composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM), elucidating its molecular structure remains a challenging endeavor. Here, two fulvic acids (FAs), one from river and the other from forest soil, were subjected to reduction using an optimized n -butylsilane ( n -BS) reduction method. The reduction products were purified through a combination of liquid-liquid extraction and silica gel column chromatography, resulting in the separation into saturates, aromatics, and polar products. The polar products were analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and the saturates and aromatics were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). HRMS results showed that the number of oxygen atoms and double-bond equivalent (DBE) values of FA decreased after reduction. GC-MS results revealed that a total of 270 hydrocarbon monomers were identified from the reduction products of a single sample, with the highest carbon number of cycloalkanes reaching C 33 . For the first time, steranes and hopanes were detected in the reduction products, potentially serving as evidence for the existence of carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecule (CRAM) precursors. Additionally, a significant number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were identified, and the potential sources of various compounds were preliminarily inferred based on their isomers. This study extends the knowledge of the possible backbone structure of the DOM and provides a new potential tool for investigating the origin and transformation mechanisms of DOM. Graphical Abstract
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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR HISTOLOGY
·
2025
·Vol. 56
·期 3
·1-14
·
IF 2.2
Wen Jingli,Geng Lei,Wang Ruohan,Zhang Xiaolei,Sui Yanmin,Liu Xiaofang,Han Xin
Breast cancer is a common malignancy in women, and it has an absence of effective therapies. Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1), a member of the carboxylesterase family, has anti-tumor properties in several types of cancer. However, the function of CES1 in breast cancer remains unclear. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) is a downstream regulator of CES1 and exhibits anti-breast cancer properties. Both CES1 and PPARG were downregulated in breast cancer tissues. Low CES1 and PPARG expression were linked to poorer breast cancer survival. We constructed CES1 knockdown and overexpression models of breast cancer cells by CES1 overexpressing plasmids and plasmids containing short hairpin RNA. High expression of CES1 inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation, evidenced by diminished cell viability, decreased DNA replication, and G1 phase arrest. CES1 overexpression decreased the protein levels of CDK2, CDK6 and cyclin B1 in breast cancer cells. CES1 inhibited the Bcl-2/Bax axis and increased Cleaved caspase-3 levels. Transwell assays showed that CES1 inhibited cell migration and invasion. CES1 increased E-cadherin protein expression and decreased Vimentin protein expression. CES1 knockdown facilitated the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells. CES1 was found to regulate PPARG expression in breast cancer cells positively. We transfected PPARG-interfering plasmids into breast cancer cells with CES1 overexpression. Inhibition of PPARG abrogated the anti-growth and anti-metastasis functions of CES1 in breast cancer cells. This study elucidates that CES1 inhibits the malignant progression of breast cancer by up-regulating the expression of PPARG. Graphical
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2025
·Vol. 192
·期 7
·1-10
·
IF 5.3
Chen Fei,Wang Xiang,Yan Lei,Lin Zhixiong,Zheng Weijun,Wu Dianming,Qiu Bin,Fang Yifan,Liu Mingkun
By preparing gold nanoparticles-graphdiyne (Au-GDY) as sensing substrate and [Ru(NH 3 ) 6 ] 3+ -UiO-66-NH 2 MOFs (Ru-UiO-66) as signaling probe as well as linking the as-prepared Au-GDY and Ru-UiO-66 with the specific peptide (PT) of MMP-7 to form Ru-UiO-66/PT/Au-GDY, a cost-effective and sensitive electrochemical sensor was designed for the detection of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) which is an important biomarker for tumor and biliary atresia. The superior electrical properties, easy preparation, large surface area, and high stability of Au-GDY make it be a desirable substrate to immobilize PT. The unique structure of UiO-66-NH 2 is beneficial to assemble [Ru(NH 3 ) 6 ] 3+ probe and link PT. In the absence of MMP-7, the Ru-UiO-66/PT/Au-GDY modified electrode exhibited a prominent peak current of [Ru(NH 3 ) 6 ] 3+ , which is decreased after the addition of target MMP-7 since it can specifically recognize and cleave PT to induce the Ru-UiO-66 leave the electrode. The experimental results showed that the decrease of the [Ru(NH 3 ) 6 ] 3+ signal has a linear relation with the concentrations of MMP-7 in the range 0.01 pg mL −1 –10.0 ng mL −1 . By optimizing experimental conditions, the achieved detection limit (LOD) for MMP-7 is 5.0 fg mL −1 . The analysis of real serum samples has excellent accuracy. The simplicity of preparation and sensitivity make the Ru-UiO-66/PT/Au-GDY sensor a considerable promising analysis tool for MMP-7 detection. Graphical abstract
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 15.7
Peng Zhongyou,Li Shulong,Tang Ling,Zheng Jinyang,Tan Licheng,Chen Yiwang
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries persistently encounter interface issues stemming from the water-rich electrical double layer and unstable solid-electrolyte interphase, drastically compromising reversibility and cyclability. Here we show that trace amounts of nonionic amphiphilic polysorbate additives promote the formation of water-shielding electric double layer and stabilize solid-electrolyte interphase for practical zinc-ion batteries. We demonstrate that polysorbate molecules can produce preferential chemisorption and directional arrangement on the Zn anode, spontaneously forming water-shielding layer to suppress the water-related side reactions. Simultaneously, polysorbate molecules can assist the construction of organic-inorganic hybrid interphase, which effectively regulates the uniform distribution of electric field and guides preferential orientation Zn deposition to achieve ordered plating/stripping with high Zn utilization. Consequently, the polysorbate-containing electrolyte enables a long cycle life of 8060 h at 1 mA cm −2 , 1 mAh cm −2 for Zn||Zn cell, and highly reversible Zn plating/stripping in Zn||Cu cell over 3900 cycles. The full cells paired with V 2 O 5 /rGO and MnO 2 deliver the improved capacity and sustained stability.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Liu Ying,Ma Jianfeng,Guo Luyao,Xu Xinhua
Advanced sensation and actuation abilities of various living organisms in nature have inspired researchers to design bioinspired somatosensory soft actuators. However, the majority of conventional soft actuators primarily possess actuation capabilities while lacking real-time sensing signal feedback. Here, a promising strategy is reported to develop highly stretchable and conductive hydrogels for bioinspired somatosensory soft actuators, which integrate actuation and strain-sensing functions into a single materials system. The conductive hydrogels are designed and synthesized by in situ copolymerization of polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride functionalized MXene (P-MXene) nanosheets and poly N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid (PNIPAm/PAA) hydrogels. The resulting hydrogels exhibit the dual-crosslinked conductive network and porous microstructure, enabling the seamless combination of excellent strain sensitivity, high conductivity, rapid responsiveness, high stability, and extensive stretchability. Interestingly, the anisotropic network structure, formed by electrically driven nanosheet gradient distribution of P-MXene nanosheets, endows the hydrogel with shape-programmable deformation, light-driven remote control, and self-sensing capability. As a proof-of-concept application, a soft gripper based on self-sensing hydrogel actuators has been developed, which can not only grasps, lifts, and releases objects but also detects its movement states by monitoring resistance variations. The proposed somatosensory soft actuator can offer promising perspectives for the advancement of smart soft robotics and other artificial intelligent devices.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 15.7
Feng Pu,Gong Zhihao,Wang Baoyu,Wang Zhongyi,Xu Haoran,Zou Lingrui,Liu Chen,Han Xun,Cheng Yingchun,Yu Bin,Zhang Xixiang,Li Lain-Jong,Wang Hua,Xue Fei,Chang Kai
Bulk photovoltaic (BPV) effect primarily stems from shift currents in symmetry-breaking materials, providing the potential to smash the Shockley-Queisser limit that constrains the performance of conventional p-n junctions-based solar cells. However, limited open circuit voltages (V oc ) or short circuit current densities (J sc ) from BPV devices still cause a low photoelectric conversion efficiency. Here, combining theoretical analysis and experimental evidence, we identify a range of BPV materials where both V oc and J sc can be co-optimized, and greatly boost the efficiency through ferroelectric engineered shift current. We select ferroelectric NbOBr 2 as an example and construct a two-dimensional in-plane device with a giant shift current-dominated BPV effect. In spontaneous polarization state, the devices demonstrate a record-high J sc among all ferroelectric materials. Moreover, the electrically aligned NbOBr 2 polarization enables the significant co-enhancement of both V oc and J sc , leading to a colossal improvement of photoelectric conversion efficiency up to four orders of magnitude (1.25%), which is approximately four times greater than that of state-of-the-art BPV devices. Our work provides a promising solution for screening and creating higher efficient BPV cells.
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