POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2024
·Vol. 35
·期 4
·e6377
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IF 3.1
Xiaogang Shi,Kongying Zhu,Xiaoyan Yuan
Transportation of acidic fluids containing hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) by flexible reinforced thermoplastic pipes can cause safety problems due to diffusion of H 2 S in the pipe. Herein, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites are prepared with a large amount of zinc oxide (ZnO) particles as absorbent fillers by melt-mixing via introducing maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene (PE- g -MAH) and maleic anhydride-grafted poly(ethylene- co -octene) (POE- g -MAH) as dual-compatibilizer. By controlling the mass ratio of the two compatibilizers, ZnO particles can be encapsulated by PE- g -MAH and POE- g -MAH so that mechanical properties of the prepared HDPE/ZnO composites are improved owing to enhanced compatibility between the filler and the resin. By adding PE- g -MAH and POE- g -MAH with total 10 wt% in a mass ratio of 1/3, the HDPE/ZnO composite containing 50 wt% ZnO exhibits 37.3 ± 3.8 MPa of yield strength, 576 ± 16 MPa of flexural modulus, and 84.4 ± 1.4 kJ m −2 of notched Izod impact strength corrected to 311 ± 24.9 kJ m −2 . After exposure in H 2 S at 0.1 MPa for 7 days, the diffusion distance of H 2 S in the composite is 659 ± 17 μm, demonstrating a high barrier ability on H 2 S via absorption. This study provides a feasible method for preparation of polymer composites with suitable mechanical properties for inhibiting H 2 S permeation in reinforced thermoplastic pipes.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 7.4
Xinjie Deng,Xin Huang,Haijuan Du,Shaobo Wang,Chaoyang Deng,Yazhong Qu,Xu Li,Zengbei Li,Xianyang Yue
Photocatalytic degradation technology is a promising strategy for the water treatment, which has many advantages such as saving time, cleanliness and environmental friendliness . In this study, ultra-low amount (0.01 wt%) of nano platinum (Pt) obtained from one-pot reduction method, was doped onto zinc oxide (ZnO) to form a lamellar nanoflower (Pt-ZnO). The characterization of Pt-ZnO was put forwards via scanning electron microscopy, high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission election microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, etc. The highest degradation efficiencies of methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (Rh B), methylene orange (MO), and acid black ATT (ATT) after being treated by Pt-ZnO for about 60 min reached 99.9%, 99.9%, 96.0%, and 97.8% respectively. While the MB and Rh B remained at a degradation efficiency of 99.9% even after being reused 5 times. Surprisingly, Pt-ZnO showed the removal rate of industrial effluent containing acid dyes was 93.9% and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of wastewater was significantly reduced. Experimental results of LC-MS and free radical scavenging testing indicated MB was mainly split through the continuous open-ring cleavage of C-N bond in N, N-dimethylamine group by · OH, and finally decomposed into H 2 O and CO 2 achieving the decolorization .
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2014
·
IF 4.086
Zhimin Ren,Zhiyu Wang,Chao Chen,Jia Wang,Xinxin Fu,Chenyao Fan,Guodong Qian
ABSTRACT In this paper we report a novel architecture of three-dimension (3D) carbon framework to encapsulate tetrahedron ZnO nanocrystals that serves as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The ZnO@C composites are prepared via a simple internal-reflux method combined with subsequent calcination in argon. The amorphous carbon is formed on the surface of the ZnO crystals by in situ carbonization of the surfactant, which leads to a strong connection between the carbon framework and the active materials and guarantees faster charge transfer on the electrode. The ZnO crystal calcined at 500°C (ZnO@C-5) possesses regular tetrahedron shape with a side length of 150-200 nm and all of them are uniformly anchored among the network of amorphous carbon. The developed ZnO@C structures not only improve the electronic conductivity of the electrode, but they also offer a larger volume expansion of ZnO during cycling. As a result, the ZnO@C-5 demonstrates a higher reversible capacity, ultralong cycle life and better rate capability than that of the ZnO@C-7 and pure ZnO crystals. After 300 cycles, the ZnO@C-5 demonstrates a high capacity of 518 mAhg −1 at a current density of 110.7 mAg −1 . Moreover, this simple approach prepared the 3D composites architecture could shed light on the design and synthesis of other transition metal oxides for energy storage.
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ACTA MATERIALIA
·
2018
·
IF 6.036
Xin Liang,Lei Shen
Grain boundary plays an important role in energy carrier transport. By choosing ZnO as a model system of technological importance, and by measuring the thermal and electrical transport properties of ZnO polycrystals with a wide range of grain boundary spacing, we determine the interfacial thermal (Kapitza) resistance of the ZnO grain boundary R k = 4.0 ± 0.7 × 10 − 9 m 2 K W −1 , which is relatively independent of grain size . The effective electron potential barrier height and the depletion width of the grain boundary generally increase with spacing, but they collapse below ∼100 nm and become almost invariant above ∼1 μm. When the grain boundary is locally modified by nanometer-thick ZnS thin film , the Kapitza resistance increases by more than three times, up to about 12.9 × 10 − 9 m 2 K W −1 , and the depletion region expands more than twice. The charge carrier concentration is influenced by the effective potential barrier height due to the grain boundary energy filtering effect whereas the electron mobility is related to the depletion width. Our investigations demonstrate the significance of grain boundary characteristics for interfacial and effective bulk transport properties. The findings and the approach are broadly important for polycrystalline materials of which the functional performance can be adjusted via grain boundary engineering.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 6.7
Jing Li,Lixin Chen,Zhe Hua,Baodan Liu
Gallium-zinc oxynitride solid solution has been considered as a promising candidate material for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, its PEC performance is severely limited by the poor charge separation efficiency and the adverse intrinsic vacancy defects . Herein, to solve these problems, we developed a novel strategy for constructing dendritic (GaN) 1-x (ZnO) x /GaN arrays with type-Ⅱ heterojunction on a conductive GaN crystalline substrate by an Au-assisted chemical vapor deposition method. Then, an additional annealing treatment in Ar is carried out to further decrease the density of surface oxygen vacancy and to increase the density of O N -V Ga vacancy complexes for enhancing photoelectrochemical performance. Under the synergistic effect of type-Ⅱ heterojunction and vacancy modulation, the optimized (GaN) 1-x (ZnO) x /GaN photoanode exhibits a photocurrent density of 0.25 mA cm −2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE and the surface modification with CoPi co-catalyst can further increase the photocurrent density to 0.45 mA cm −2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE. It is demonstrated that the O N -V Ga vacancy complexes are beneficial to increase the PEC performance of gallium zinc oxynitrides.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2019
·
IF 4.175
Wenjian Shen,Jing Zhang,Shiyu Wang,Heping Du,Yiwen Tang
Interface passivation layer deposited onto photoanodes has been proven to be an available way to suppress charge recombination and enhance the power conversion efficiency in quantum dot-sensitized solar cells. In this work, the ZnS-MnS composites layers inserted in ZnO/CdS nanotubes photoanodes interface is firstly fabricated via ion-exchange and chemical bath deposition methods, simultaneously. By inserting the ZnS-MnS composites, electron back transfer is efficiently hindered. In addition, the uniform ZnS-MnS layer effectively blocks the direct contact between the polysulfide electrolyte and ZnO nanotubes, which inhabits the recombination of electron-hole pairs occurred at the interface. Besides, the MnS layer is in favour of the CdS quantum dots in higher load, profiting the light absorption intensity in the visible light region. Thus ZnO/ZnS-MnS/CdS nanotubes quantum dot-sensitized solar cells have efficiency of 3.62%, which is much higher than that of the solar cell with ZnS passivation layer (2.33%). This work demonstrates that constructing ZnS-MnS interface passivation layer with a proper band gap structure is a promising approach to enhance the performance of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2022
·
IF 10.383
Yan Lu,Radian Popescu,Dagmar Gerthsen,Yichen Feng,Wei-Ren Su,Yu-Kuei Hsu,Ying-Chu Chen
Hydrogen (H2) fuel production from hazardous contaminants is not only of economic importance but also of significance for the environment and health. Hydrogen production is exemplified in this work by using bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) sandwiched in between zinc sulfide (ZnS) and zinc oxide (ZnO) as dual-heterojunction photoelectrode to photoelectrochemically extract H2 from sulfide- and sulfite-containing wastewater, which is emitted in enormous quantities from the petrochemical industries. The H2 evolution rate over the ZnS/Bi2S3/ZnO photoelectrode under solar illumination amounts to 112.8 μmol cm–2 h–1, of which the photocurrent density in the meantime reaches 10.7 mA cm–2, by far exceeding those reported for additional Bi2S3-based counterparts in the literature. Such superior performance is ascribed on one hand to the broadband sunlight-harvesting ability of Bi2S3 that gives rise to respectable photoexcited electron–hole pairs. These photogenerated charge carriers are subsequently rectified by the built-in electric field at the ZnS/Bi2S3 and Bi2S3/ZnO heterojunctions to flow in the opposite directions to well circumvent the recombination losses and, most importantly, in turn contribute substantially to the H2 evolution reaction.
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2022
·
IF 7.34
Qiushi Jiang,Zhaolian Han,Yinjie Qian,Yafeng Yuan,Yating Ren,Mingyu Wang,Zhiqiang Cheng
A novel strategy for the preparation of heterojunction derivants by regulating the loading of precursors was proposed and applied for the first time to effectively remove dyes and antibiotics. Zeolite imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8)-derived ZnO/TiO 2 nano-burst-tube (NBT) was prepared by calcination of ZIF-8 as precursor grown in a solvothermal system adjusted by NH 4 OH or NaOH , TiO 2 NBT as solvothermal substrate. Through a reasonable selection of solvothermal system, ZIF-8-derived ZnO/TiO 2 NBT not only provides enhanced specific surface area (1012.3 m 2 /g), but also enhances the visible light response and charge separation of TiO 2 NBT, whose instantaneous photocurrent density is up to 53 mA cm −2 , which is three times that of TiO 2 NBT. Under visible light irradiation, ZnO/TiO 2 NBT achieved rapid degradation of Rhodamine B(RhB), tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) and chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC) with complete removal within 20 min, outperforming ZnO, ZIF-8, TiO 2 NBT and ZIF-8/TiO 2 NBT, with excellent cyclic photocatalytic performance. The results show that the degradation pathways of RhB, TCH and CTC are different. The work provides a promising strategy for multifunctional derivative photocatalytic materials preparation.
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RSC Advances
·
2016
·Vol. 6
·期 82
·78257-78263
·
IF 3.289
Jiabao Cui,Jingjing Jiang,Linqi Shi,Fei Zhao,Dejun Wang,Yanhong Lin,Tengfeng Xie
Ni-Doped ZnO nanofibers have been synthesized by a simple, facile electrospinning method. The structure and morphology of the products were characterized by SEM, HRTEM and XRD analysis. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed that Ni2+ ions exist in the ZnO nanofiber structures. The photoelectric gas-sensing tests reveal that the response was significantly enhanced by Ni doping, and the 0.7% molar ratio Ni-doped sample (NZ0.7) exhibits the highest response of 532.7% to 100 ppm HCHO at room temperature. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements show that there are more donors in Ni-doped ZnO nanofibers by the introduction of Ni2+ ions. Furthermore, the surface photovoltage (SPV) and transient photovoltage (TPV) tests indicated that Ni doping can effectively enhance the donor density, which could facilitate charge separation and transport in the semiconductor, and promote photogenerated holes to move toward the irradiated surface of the samples. These results contribute to the photocatalytic oxidation of HCHO so as to achieve higher gas-sensing properties for Ni-doped ZnO nanofibers.
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ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology
·
2023
·Vol. 12
·期 7
·076009
·
IF 2.2
Chengsha Huang,Jin Li
The low-temperature hydrothermal and water bath methods are used to manufacture CuS@ZnO/CdS catalyst. The Rhodamine B degradation rate constant of CuS@ZnO/CdS is around 1.53 × 10−2 min−1, which is 3.9 times greater than that of ZnO. The coupling of CdS and loading of CuS onto ZnO surfaces were evaluated using XRD, SEM, TEM, and XPS. SEM demonstrated that 5 mg of CdS was the most effective in controlling the shape of ZnO nanoflakes. Ultraviolet-visible absorption (UV–vis) and Photoluminescence (PL) spectra reveal that CdS and CuS decreased the bandgap of ZnO and boosted its ability to absorb visible light. Transient photocurrent response (TPR) and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) display that CdS and CuS facilitate the quick separation of photoexcited carriers in ZnO. Notably, the optimal weight ratio of CuS was determined to be 15%, since excessive amounts of CuS would operate as recombination centers and cover active sites. Additionally, the dual Z-scheme carriers movement mechanism was proposed using sacrificed agent experiments, and TOC analyzed the mineralization rate of RhB after degradation. In this study, CuS@ZnO/CdS photocatalyst degraded RhB nearly 99% in 80 min, which is superior to the earlier photocatalysts. Therefore, this article holds great significance in the practical application of metal chalcogenide-modified ZnO-based photocatalysts with superior visible light-induced degradation performance in environmental purification.
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MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 1.738
Yusong Pan,Minyuan Yin,Hongjun Fang,Linfeng Xu,Haixian Yan,Chengling Pan
A novel ternary ZnO/CdS/GO heterostructure with boosting photocatalytic performance and stability was prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. The morphology, crystal structure, chemical composition and optical properties of the composite were thoroughly investigated. Results show that the obtained ZnO/2CdS/10GO composite exhibits the optimal activity towards RhB removal under sunlight irradiation, which is higher than that of pristine ZnO and CdS. The enhanced photocatalytic performance of the composite is attributed to the close heterostructure and excellent conductivity of GO. Besides, the radical trapping experiments revealed that superoxide radical (•O2−) and holes (h+) were the vital active species in the photocatalytic process. Meanwhile, the corresponding photocatalytic mechanism was also investigated. In all, this work supplies a facile route to design highly efficient and stable photocatalysts for water purification.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2021
·
IF 7.46
Zui Tao,Hewei Si,Xidong Zhang,Jianjun Liao,Shiwei Lin
A highly sensitive and selective sensor is urgently needed in many practical H 2 O 2 detection, such as water quality monitoring, quality control of food products, and so on. However, the traditional three electrode system limits its further development in recent years due to its difficulty in miniaturization and integration. To effectively improve its sensitivity and selectivity, highly-ordered TiO 2 nanotube arrays (TNTAs) are modified with Pt nanoparticles and Prussian blue (PB) nanotubes and creatively combines with thin-film transistor (TFT) based on ZnO to prepare an electrochemical sensor . The sensor uses PBNCs as recognition units for the specific detection of H 2 O 2, and the generated electrical signal is amplified by TFT. Thus, a highly sensitive and selective H 2 O 2 sensor is achieved. The detection limit of the sensor is as low as 5.19 nM, which is three orders of magnitude lower than the conventional electrochemical detection methods using the same electrode. The sensor also possesses wider linear detection range of 0.1–50 μM and 50 μM–5 mM comparable to that of other reported H 2 O 2 sensors. Besides, the sensor has good selectivity for H 2 O 2 in the presence of common interferences such as ascorbic acid , uric acid , glucose, and dopamine. Furthermore, the device presents good reproducibility and exhibits good long-term stability over 27 days of continuous measurement. This study offers important insights for the rational design of sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity.
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