Journal of Energy Storage
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2026
·
IF 10.7
Lei Guo,Yuxin Feng,Zhongyi He,Zhongnian Zhao,Yan Tan,Senlin Leng,Viswanathan S. Saji
Alkaline Zn Mn flow batteries (AZMFBs) have emerged as a promising candidate for large-scale energy storage due to their high theoretical energy density, environmental tolerance, and low cost. Nevertheless, the electrochemical stability and cycling performance of AZMFBs are substantially hindered by hydrogen evolution, irreversible zinc deposition, and zinc dendrite formation. This study presents sodium gluconate (SG), a biodegradable and water-soluble organic chelating agent, as an addition in the anolyte to modulate zinc electrodeposition behavior. The impact of SG on the electrochemical performance of the zinc anode is meticulously analyzed using cyclic voltammetry, Tafel analysis, chronoamperometry, and galvanostatic cycling. Results reveal that SG effectively coordinates with Zn 2+ ions, promoting uniform nucleation and suppressing dendritic growth. Furthermore, SG reduces side reactions by stabilizing the electrode-electrolyte interface, resulting in a coulombic efficiency (CE) of 95.6%, an energy efficiency (EE) of 81.4%, and a service life that is double that of pristine batteries. Examination of surface morphology and structure further confirmed that a thick, smooth Zn deposit formed in the presence of SG. This study provides insights into the role of green additives in regulating Zn anodes for Zn-based flow battery systems and offers guidance for the further development of sustainable alkaline Zn-based energy-storage technologies.
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Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
·
2026
·Vol. 17
·期 30
·8670-8678
·
IF 4.5
Wang Yue,Shi Jiajuan,Mao Huimin,Shan Xuanyu,Liu Wei,Zheng Jiahui,Tao Ye,Zhao Xiaoning,Lin Ya,Wang Zhongqiang
Optoelectronic synapses that integrate light sensing
and processing
functions have attracted significant interest for their potential
to develop neuromorphic vision systems. In particular, an all-optically
modulated device is highly desired for high-efficiency image information
processing. Here, an optoelectronic synapse with all-optical modulation
based on perovskite nanocrystal and InGaZnO (IGZO) heterojunctions
is demonstrated. Excitatory and inhibitory synaptic plasticity can
be obtained under 320 and 532 nm irradiation, which stem from the
ionization and deionization process of oxygen vacancies in IGZO. Moreover,
five basic optoelectronic logic operations are implemented in the
optoelectronic synapse via fully light-controlled methods. By utilizing
the frame difference algorithm, the function of motion detection is
demonstrated for recognizing classic moving vehicles with an accuracy
exceeding 90%. This work provides a promising approach to developing
all-optically modulated artificial synapses and shows great potential
in neuromorphic vision systems.
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JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 4.6
Mengzhen Zhao,Xiangfan Huang,Xian Hao,Xiaolei Wang
Early identification of bacteria and timely intervention are crucial for human health and public safety. However, conventional detection and antibacterial systems are usually separate, which hinders the integration of real-time monitoring with active intervention. In this work, a three-dimensionally ordered macroporous tungsten trioxide (3DOM WO 3 ) electrochromic material was constructed via a template-assisted method, enabling integrated visual detection and antibacterial intervention. Benefiting from the high specific surface area, abundant interfacial active sites, and enhanced mass/electron transport associated with the 3DOM architecture, 3DOM WO 3 exhibited superior bacterial responsiveness compared with conventional WO 3 . Using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as model bacteria, 3DOM WO 3 generated pronounced electrochromic responses, with the color change correlating well with bacterial concentration, providing an intuitive method for visual detection. Meanwhile, plate counting and live/dead bacterial staining demonstrated that 3DOM WO 3 exhibited stronger antibacterial activity than WO 3 against both bacterial strains. Mechanistic studies revealed that electron transfer at the bacteria-semiconductor interface, triggered by the respiratory metabolism of live bacteria, induced the reduction of 3DOM WO 3 and promoted reactive oxygen species generation, thereby producing both electrochromic signals and antibacterial effects. This work proposes an electrochromic strategy based on bacteria-semiconductor interfacial electron transfer, offering a novel approach for smart material platforms that integrate real-time visual monitoring with active antibacterial functions.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2026
·
IF 8.3
Jiazheng Liu,Dongzheng Wang,Zifan Li,Long Hu,Li Ni,Yang Zhou,Xin Li,Yubin Yuan,Weihua Liu
The detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their mixtures is of increasing importance in environmental monitoring and breath analysis-based disease diagnosis. Field-effect transistors (FETs) show potential for VOCs detection due to their inherent signal amplification and high sensitivity. Ionogel, with its unique electric double-layer capacitance and high polarity, offers excellent molecular enrichment for gas sensing. Accordingly, this work reports an ionogel-gated carbon nanotube-FET (IG-CNTFET) that achieves near-orthogonal selective detection of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) and triethylamine (TEA) by designing distinct ionogel materials as the gate dielectric. The mechanism originates from an anion-dominated interfacial solvation and polarization process. Different anions regulate the local solvation environment and charge distribution of the ionogel, thereby controlling the selective partitioning and interfacial enrichment of gas molecules. Owing to its charge-delocalized and weakly coordinating nature, TFSI - preferentially accommodates highly polar DMMP molecules and promotes their accumulation near the ionogel/CNT interface. In contrast, PF 6 - provides a distinct ionic environment for TEA enrichment, leading to a pronounced negative threshold-voltage shift. These analyte-specific interfacial responses ultimately enable orthogonal gas-sensing behavior. The device exhibits exceptional tunable sensing performance. Adjusting the gate voltage significantly enhances the response signal and selectivity toward the target gases. Notably, the sensor achieves a detection limit as low as 600 ppb for DMMP, and 100 ppb for TEA. In contrast, the sensor shows negligible responses to other common VOCs, such as ethanol, n-hexane, and acetone. This work provides a crucial material design strategy for developing next-generation ionogel-based gas sensors.
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Scientific Reports
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Liu Wenjing,Cong He,Wang Xin,Jiao Yawen,Meng Rui,Liu Shan,Zhang Kaijin
The distinct conditions of the marine habitat drive microorganisms to synthesize exopolysaccharides possessing unique structural features and a broad spectrum of bioactive properties. An extracellular polysaccharide (AVP1) was obtained from the fermented liquid of a marine Aspergillus versicolor CS13 from the Yellow River Delta sediment. AVP1 was characterized as a mannogalactan with a molecular weight of approximately 16.2 kDa and a mannose-to-galactose molar ratio of 1.0: 2.4. The polysaccharide AVP1 was constituted by a backbone of →2)-α- d -Man p -(1→ and →5)-β- d -Gal f -(1→ units, and branch at C-6 of →5)-β- d -Gal f -(1→ units. The side chains contained →6)-α- d -Man p -(1→ and α- d -Man p -(1→ units. AVP1 possessed an obvious α‑amylase inhibitory activity in vitro. AVP1 significantly enhanced insulin sensitivity and glucose consumption in insulin-resistant (IR)-HepG2 cells, and alleviated sodium palmitate (PA)-induced insulin resistance. Moreover, AVP1 effectively reduced total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels, while increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH). It also decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, thereby improved lipid metabolism and mitigated oxidative stress in IR-HepG2 cells. These results demonstrated that AVP1 exhibited notable restorative effects in IR-HepG2 cells and possessed strong activity to alleviate insulin resistance in vitro. This study provides a basis for the development of novel marine-derived hypoglycemic agents.
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Scientific Reports
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Zhang Guangteng,Chen Yadong,Wang Meichen,Ge Da,Du Qiang,Ke Li,Gong Tianxing,Qi Feng,Bao Juncheng
Hydrogels are widely used in tissue engineering and scaffold fabrication due to their excellent biocompatibility, while 3D printing excels at creating complex architectures. Among various techniques, low-temperature extrusion-based 3D printing has shown promise for hydrogel scaffold fabrication, as rapid solidification under controlled cooling can improve shape retention during deposition. However, commercial low-temperature DIW systems are often expensive, closed-source, and difficult to customize. Moreover, most require a two-step post-processing workflow involving external freeze-thaw cycles, which can damage structures through mechanical disturbance and temperature gradients, increasing contamination risk. To address these issues, we developed a low-cost, open-source low-temperature 3D printing platform by modifying a commercial FDM printer with custom hardware and upgraded software. It maintains stable − 30 °C ± 1 °C and supports in-situ freezing and freeze-thaw processing. Using a Poly(vinyl alcohol)-lignosulfonate sodium-TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (PVA-LS-TOCNF) hydrogel as the model ink, we achieved stable printing of various patterns and mechanical test specimens, with tensile properties comparable to those from ex-situ freeze-thaw methods. Overall, this platform significantly lowers barriers to low-temperature hydrogel 3D printing and improves accessibility.
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NATURE MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 38
Cao Qiannan,Yao Yingli,Zheng Wenming,Liu Hongqian,Jiang Mingxia,Xie Dayang,Zhang Siting,Su Pijun,Yuan Huilin,Chen Xiaoyuan,Fang Huapan,Tian Huayu
The clinical success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy requires scalable, non-invasive strategies for in vivo T cell engineering. Although mRNA delivery offers a promising alternative, lipid-nanoparticle-based carriers show limited efficiency for in vivo T cell transfection and typically require antibody conjugation. Here we report an inherent T cell-activating polymer–lipid nanoparticle that enables ligand-free, efficient mRNA transfection and activation of T cells in vivo. This mRNA delivery vehicle, composed of p -toluenesulfonyl arginine (RT)-modified oligoethylenimine-based lipid nanoparticles (ERTLNPs), preferentially mediated mRNA transfection in the spleen following systemic administration. Without exogenous stimulation, ERTLNPs intrinsically activated T cells, triggering robust mRNA expression and proliferation. Mechanistically, ERTLNPs engaged the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling axis to reprogram T cell metabolism, promoting expansion and restraining exhaustion. The systemic delivery of mRNA encoding fibroblast activation protein CAR via ERTLNPs contributed to the in situ generation of functional CAR T cells, which efficiently eliminated pathological fibroblasts in models of cancer and fibrosis, with minimal off-target effects. This ligand-free, metabolically reprogramming mRNA delivery system provides a clinically translatable approach for in vivo CAR T cell generation.
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Communications Materials
·
2026
·
IF 9.1
Li Qinghua,Gao Tianfu,Rao Xinhao,Ren Zhelei,Duan Haodi,Xie Xiaomin,Liao Jiaxin,Xue Shuwen,Xu Bin,Jin Xiao,Zhao Weifeng,Bai Jinke
Translating advanced luminescent materials into field-deployable screening tools remains a core challenge, demanding synergy between advanced optical materials and device engineering. Here, we demonstrate a portable dual-mode near-infrared semi-quantitative screening device. the luminescence performance of the core emitting materials, specifically lead-free Nd³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped Cs₂NaYCl₆ double perovskite phosphors, was first optimized through a machine-learning (ML) guided approach. Subsequently, these optimized phosphors were integrated to enable the device. Specifically, the Nd³⁺-doped emitter targets the 885 nm characteristic absorption band of alcohol while exhibiting anomalous thermal quenching, whereas the Nd³⁺/Yb³⁺ variant leverages 78.66% energy transfer efficiency to yield stable 985 nm emission (70% retention at 500 K) matching the characteristic absorption band of water. These optimized phosphor-converted LEDs were integrated into a compact detector featuring a coaxial dual-disc stepper mechanism and a customized three-stage circuit that amplifies faint optical signals into a five-level visual indicator. This configuration enables rapid screening of alcohol (30–60%) and water content (45–100%). Validated on commercial samples, this work establishes a holistic platform bridging high-precision instrumentation and real-world portability.
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JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 4.4
Supeng Gao,Binbin Wang,Yujie Cheng,Mengyan Feng,Yue Han,Tao Li,Shuguang Cao,Yao Li,Lingwei Xue
An n-type dimeric organic molecule, B2, is employed as an interfacial modifier to regulate the contact property between the perovskite layer and PCBM ETL in inverted PSCs. • B2 interlayer passivates defects in the perovskite layer and optimizes the energy level alignment at the interface. • A prominent PCE of 20.20% is delivered by PSCs with B2 as the interlayer, alongside minimal hysteresis. • The unencapsulated devices retain more than 80% of initial PCE after 1000 h in ambient humid air. Interface engineering at the perovskite/electron transport layer (ETL) junction has been demonstrated as an effective strategy for achieving high-quality interfacial contact in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, an n-type dimeric organic molecule, B2, is employed as an interfacial modifier to regulate the contact property between the perovskite layer and PCBM ETL. Experimental results reveal that the B2 interlayer passivates defects in the perovskite layer through coordination with undercoordinated Pb 2+ ions, thereby suppressing trap-assisted non-radiative recombination. Furthermore, the B2 modification optimizes the Energy level alignment at the interface, promoting efficient charge carrier transport. As a result of these synergistic effects, the interface-engineered PSCs achieve a power conversion efficiency of 20.20% and maintain over 80% of their initial efficiency after 1056 h of aging tests. This study provides an effective interfacial regulation approach for developing highly efficient and stable PSCs. Download: Download high-res image (136KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CRYOBIOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 2.6
Jian Zhang,Ting Cui,Shaojie Ma,Yanna Lin,Guangrui Liu,Xiaqian Xu,Keke Xie,Siyu Xu,Guisen Zhang,Chao Hao
In-silico and experimental dual-screening strategy for lyoprotection of Rease. • A trehalose-povidone-arginine ternary lyoprotectant “combo” for long-term ambient storage of REase. • Lyocakes formed a co-amorphous glassy matrix with residual moisture content <2%. • 100% relative enzymatic activity maintained after 3 months storage at 25 °C and 60% RH. An in-silico and experimental dual-screening lyophilization strategy was developed for long-term ambient storage of two model restriction endonucleases (REase) of Xba I (oxidation-resistant) and Xho I (oxidation-sensitive). After molecular docking and experimental screening of lyoprotectants and their combinations, a trehalose-povidone-arginine ternary lyoprotectant “combo” was finally developed. The lyophilized formulations were primarily evaluated by four critical quality attributes (CQAs), including lyocake appearance, reconstitution rate, relative enzymatic activity (REA) and short-term storage stability. Four ternary lyophilized formulation candidates were further evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for the residual moisture contents (<2%). Based on the results of four CQAs and TGA, the optimized formulation was finally determined, including trehalose (15%), arginine (5%) and povidone (5%). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) results indicated that REase lyocakes formed a co-amorphous glassy matrix. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed REase lyocakes with intact, loose and porous structure. Following six months of long-term stability testing under controlled conditions (25 °C, 60% RH), the lyophilized REase products still maintained comparable DNA cleavage efficiency to that of freshly prepared samples. This study presents a unique in-silico and experimental dual-screening strategy for developing cold-chain-free solid-state enzyme reagents. Download: Download high-res image (409KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers
·
2026
·
IF 6.2
Guangtao Zhang,Yarui Li,Jiarui Chen,Yunyi Cui,Xiaoyuan Zhou,Qing Zou,Xiaofeng Guo,Yongxin Li,Peng Lin,Jian Lin
The selective separation of actinides from lanthanides represents a longstanding challenge in advanced nuclear fuel cycle management. Here we present a fully inorganic crystallization strategy for Ln(III)/An(VI) separation based on the Preyssler-type polyoxometalate [NaP5W30O110]14− (P5W30). Leveraging the strong affinity of Ln(III) ions for oxygen-donor environments, two crystalline phases, Ln-P5W30-1 and Ln-P5W30-2, are isolated, featuring peripheral coordination and cavity encapsulation modes, respectively. The coordination behaviour is governed by ionic radius and HNO3 concentration, providing a controllable crystallization pathway under acidic conditions relevant to nuclear reprocessing streams. In contrast, U(VI), employed as a surrogate for Am(VI), does not crystallize with P5W30 under identical conditions, highlighting intrinsic differences in Lewis acidity and actinyl geometry. Binary separation experiments demonstrate highly selective incorporation of Ln(III) into the POM lattice while U(VI) remains in solution. Increasing the acidity to 3 M HNO3 promotes exclusive formation of Ln-P5W30-1 and substantially enhances separation efficiency, affording separation factors up to 41 139 for Eu/U. This acid-tolerant, solid–liquid separation platform offers a chemically robust and potentially scalable route for lanthanide–actinide partitioning in nuclear fuel reprocessing.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Lei He,Qian Liang,Wenhao Pan,Junyan Tang,Dehua Wang,Wen Qin,Junjie Liu,Mi Tang,Zhengbang Wang
Solid-state sodium–metal batteries have attracted much attention due to their high theoretical capacity and relatively low cost associated with abundant sodium resources. However, the poor interface problems of solid-state electrolytes matching with both the rough composite cathode and the highly reactive sodium anode urgently need to be addressed. In this study, an asymmetric composite polymer electrolyte (PEO|PTFE|PEO@MOF) with an ultrathin thickness of only 16 μm is successfully developed through an asymmetric coating of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and PEO@metal–organic framework (PEO@MOF) electrolytes on the two sides of a porous, high-strength poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) membrane combined with a hot-pressing process. The ultrathin thickness of the electrolyte suggests shorter ionic transport paths with faster ionic conductance between a cathode and an anode. The softer PEO side enables a close interface contact with the rough cathode. The harder PEO@MOF side with abundant MOF pores can not only guide the transportation of sodium ions for uniform sodium deposition but also avoid the electrochemical reaction between PTFE and the sodium anode. Therefore, the batteries with such asymmetric electrolytes exhibit much superior rate capability and cycling stability to their reference symmetric electrolytes. This study also provides a highly operational route for the low-cost and scalable manufacturing of ultrathin asymmetric composite electrolytes.
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