Applied Sciences-Basel
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2019
·Vol. 9
·期 5
·1008
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IF 2.217
Gaohong Zuo,Yingchao Du,Lianqi Wei,Bo Yu,Shufeng Ye,Xiaomeng Zhang,Hongshun Hao
Emulsified pickling waste liquid, derived from cleaning oily hardware, cause serious environmental and ecological issues. In this work, a series of grafted (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) TiO2pillared montmorillonite (Mt), Ti-Mt-APTES, are prepared and characterized for their assessment in demulsification of acidic oil-in-water emulsion. After titanium hydrate is introduced through ion exchange, montmorillonite is modified by hydrophobic groups coming from APTES. The Ti-Mt-APTES in acidic oil-in-water emulsion demulsification performance and mechanism are studied. Results show that the prepared Ti-Mt-APTES has favorable demulsification performance. The Ti-Mt-APTES demulsification efficiency (ED) increased to an upper limit value when the mass ratio of APTES to the prepared TiO2pillared montmorillonite (Ti-Mt) (RA/M) was 0.10 g/g, and the 5 h is the optimal continuous stirring time for breaking the acidic oil-in-water emulsion by Ti-Mt-APTES. The EDincreased to 94.8% when 2.5 g/L of Ti-Mt-APTES is added into the acidic oil-in-water emulsion after 5 h. An examination of the demulsification mechanism revealed that amphiphilicity and electrostatic interaction both played vital roles in oil-in-water separation. It is demonstrated that Ti-Mt-APTES is a promising, economical demulsifier for the efficient treatment of acidic oil-in-water emulsions.Keywords:modified montmorillonite;oil-in-water emulsion;acidic demulsification;silane couple grafting
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MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
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2019
·
IF 2.722
Jianxin Liu,Fangxia Xie,Rui Li,Tan Li,Zehui Jia,Yunfang Wang,Yawen Wang,Xiaochao Zhang,Caimei Fan
A novel TiO 2-x /Ag 3 PO 4 composite photocatalyst with controllable oxygen vacancies (V o ·) amount was designedly prepared to avoid the photocorrosion and promote reduction capacity of Ag 3 PO 4 photocatalyst. The V o · on TiO 2-x work as molecular oxygen activation center trapping electron and O 2 to form ·O 2 - , and then avoided the electrons combine with h + and/or Ag + . Compared with Ag 3 PO 4 , TiO 2-x , and TiO 2 /Ag 3 PO 4 , TiO 2-x /Ag 3 PO 4 showed obviously efficient visible light and natural indoor weak light photocatalytic activity and stability for the photodegradation of Bisphenol A (BPA). The photoelectric conversion spectra, Ag 3d XPS narrow scan spectra, ESR DMPO-·O 2 - species spectra revealed that the TiO 2-x /Ag 3 PO 4 had a higher photocurrent density, lower photocorrosion and more generation of superoxide radical than those of Ag 3 PO 4 . Interestingly, compare with single h + degradation pathway over Ag 3 PO 4 , the h + and ·O 2 - synergistic degradation pathway over TiO 2-x /Ag 3 PO 4 is more beneficial to the BPA degradation. This work highlights the relations between the photocatalyst structure, active species and pollutant degradation pathway.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
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2019
·Vol. 43
·期 14
·5374-5381
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IF 3.069
Qiqian Gao,Liying Wang,Xueyu Zhang,Lianfeng Duan,Xuesong Li,Xijia Yang,Wei Lü
While the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) is still far below their theoretical efficiency, we herein provide a method to improve the solar cell performance by using carbon nanoparticles as a template to construct TiO2 mesoporous photoanodes. Carbon nanoparticles are obtained by microwave synthesis and are further mixed with TiO2 nanoparticles as a paste, and the photoanodes are prepared by spin-coating followed by thermal treatment. In comparison to the photoanodes fabricated from pure TiO2 nanoparticles, the performance of the cells that are prepared from the carbon nanoparticle template assisted mesoporous TiO2 photoanodes show obvious improvement. The best performance is achieved with a carbon nanoparticle content of 15 wt% in the photoanode. A maximum PCE of 4.41% is achieved, giving a 35.3% enhancement in cell efficiency. Systematic investigations are carried out to reveal the role of the carbon nanoparticles in the photoanode performance and the corresponding mechanism is proposed.
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JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
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2018
·
IF 2.179
Xiaodan Li,Wendi Zhang,Bo Chen,Gaoxiang Wu,Jiaxiang Cai,Huiqing Wu,Chunhai Jiang
Lithium‐sulfur batteries have stimulated great attention as an advanced power system for scale storage requirements due to the overwhelming energy density . However, the capacity degradation caused by polysulfide shuttle and volume expansion still impedes the practical application. Herein, we designed and fabricated a facile TiO 2 embedded sulfur bulks@MnO 2 nanosheets composite as scalable cathode for long-cyclic lithium-sulfur batteries. The TiO 2 nanoparticles were embedded in sulfur bulks, which played important roles in the coverage of the uniform MnO 2 nanosheets. The embedded TiO 2 sites and external MnO 2 nanosheets brought out the physic trapping and chemical synergistic encapsulation of polysulfides. Such a composite cathode exhibited high reversible capacity of 1289 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C and long-term cycling stability at high rate condition (430 mAh g ‐1 after 500 cycles at 2 C). This work thus sheds new light on a scalable way to improve the electrochemical performance of sulfur cathode.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2018
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IF 4.229
Zhao Jiang,Xiang Gong,Bin Wang,Zhiqiang Wu,Tao Fang
Liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) is considered as a promising candidate for large-scale hydrogen storage. In this work, we found that Pt/TiO 2 catalysts exhibited better catalytic activity and selectivity compared to Pd/TiO 2 and commercial Pd/Al 2 O 3 catalysts in the dehydrogenation of dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole (12H-NECZ) at 453 K. The catalytic activity of the noble metal catalysts followed the trend of Pt/TiO 2 > Pd/TiO 2 > Rh/TiO 2 > Au/TiO 2 > Ru/TiO 2 . Compared with the commercial Pd/Al 2 O 3 , Pt/TiO 2 greatly improved the selectivity and conversion rate, the reaction time was also shortened. In addition, kinetics calculation was carried out to obtain fundamental reaction parameters. It was found that the third step of 4H-NECZ dehydrogenation to NECZ was the rate-limiting step of the entire dehydrogenation reaction for all catalysts.
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JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
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2019
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IF 3.261
Yuan Liao,Jiannan Lin,Baihua Cui,Gang Xie,Shi Hu
Photocatalytic nitrogen fixation has been burgeoning since the 20th century because the conventional Haber–Bosch process is quite energy-intensive, so other sustainable alternatives are highly required. This work uses a facile way to synthesize ultrasmall metal ruthenium on TiO 2 (P25) for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation at ambient temperature and pressure. The metal ruthenium is 2–3 nm in size and evenly dispersed over TiO 2 (P25). Both Indophenol method and ion chromatography are used to detect the ammonia yield, and possible mechanism is also proposed.
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
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2019
·
IF 5.714
Xule Pei,Chuanjia Jiang,Wei Chen
Once released into the environment, engineered nanomaterials can significantly influence the transformation and fate of organic contaminants . To date, the abilities of composite nanomaterials to catalyze environmentally relevant abiotic transformation reactions of organic contaminants are largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the effects of two nanocomposites – consisting of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) with different predominantly exposed crystal facets (i.e., {101} or {001} facets) anchored to hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (OH-MWCNT) – on the hydrolysis of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TeCA), a common groundwater contaminant, at ambient pH (6, 7 and 8). Both OH-MWCNT/TiO 2 nanocomposites were more effective in catalyzing the dehydrochlorination of TeCA than the respective component materials (i.e., bare OH-MWCNT and bare TiO 2 ). Moreover, the synergistic effect of the two components was evident, in that the incorporation of OH-MWCNT increased the TeCA adsorption capacity of the nanocomposites, significantly enhancing the catalytic effect of the deprotonated hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on nanocomposite surfaces, which served as the main catalytic sites for TeCA hydrolysis. The findings may have important implications for the understanding of the environmental implications of composite nanomaterials and may shed light on the design of high-performance nanocomposites for enhanced contaminant removal.
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PubMed
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RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
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2019
·Vol. 46
·期 1
·149-164
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IF 2.064
Sun Jialin,Dai Jingtao,Liu Rui,Yang Xiaowei,Chen Jian
To improve the visible-light catalytic performance of TiO 2 for practical application, Ag/AgBr modified TiO 2 was fabricated in ionic liquid–water medium via a facile hydrothermal reduction method. Imidacloprid (IMI) was employed as the target pollutant to evaluate the critical impacts on the catalytic activity of as-prepared Ag/AgBr/TiO 2 , where the factors relating to the catalyst (composition, dosage, recycle and reuse) and solution chemistry (pH and concentration, simulated wastewater samples and floodwater of rice paddy field) were studied. The results suggested that benefitting from visible-light sensitive Ag/AgBr and high specific surface area TiO 2 , Ag/AgBr/TiO 2 exhibits superior visible-light photocatalytic activity and stability to Ag/AgBr and TiO 2 . The quenching tests with various scavengers indicate that · O 2 − and h + , and · O 2 − and · OH may be the key roles in IMI photo-degradation on Ag/AgBr and on Ag/AgBr/TiO 2 , respectively. Thus, the photocatalytic performance of Ag/AgBr/TiO 2 differs from that of Ag/AgBr. Furthermore, the contribution of such active species is clarified for quantitative mechanisms study. The photo-degradation conducted in the simulated wastewater and the floodwater of rice paddy field proves favorable anti-interference capacity of Ag/AgBr/TiO 2 . The tests conducted on real wastewater sample verified that Ag/AgBr/TiO 2 can mineralize IMI promptly and almost completely.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2019
·
IF 8.355
Qinglong Zeng,Xiao Wang,Xiaofeng Xie,Guanhong Lu,Yan Wang,Shun Cheng Lee,Jing Sun
Differing from the photocatalysis of liquid contaminant, the capture of gaseous molecule is an essential factor on the photocatalytic activity because of the fast and random motion of gaseous molecule. TaS 2 is a two-dimensional material with good conductivity and large specific area, which are beneficial to the adsorption of gaseous pollutant and the separation of photo-induced e − -h + pairs. Here, P25/TaS 2 (P25: commercial TiO 2 ) was synthesized for the first time to explore the effect of the addition of TaS 2 on the photocatalytic degradation of gaseous acetaldehyde. It turned out that the existence of TaS 2 provided two merits: on the one side, the adsorptive capacity of P25/TaS 2 for gaseous acetaldehyde boosted greatly with the highest adsorptive amount of 234.4 mL, which was three times of that of P25 (76.4 mL); on the other side, the separation efficiency of e − -h + pairs of P25/TaS 2 also increased extremely with the highest photo-current response of 15.5 μA/cm 2 , which was almost four times of that of P25 (4.2 μA/cm 2 ). These two merits made P25/TaS 2 have superior photocatalytic activity for the degradation of gaseous acetaldehyde with the highest removal ratio of 98%, which was twice of that of P25 (48%). The cyclic experiments verified that P25/TaS 2 could keep excellent cycling stability after 6 cycles usage. In addition, proved by electron spin resonance (ESR) analyses and radicals quenching tests, superoxide radical was the decisive active species for the degradation of gaseous acetaldehyde compared with hydroxyl radical. Briefly, this work not only created the pioneer of the application of TaS 2 in the photocatalytic field but also verified TaS 2 an efficient co-catalyst in gaseous photocatalysis.
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Journal of Nanomaterials
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2019
·
IF 2.233
Hui Zhang,Jiangying Zhu,Yanqiang Hu,Aonan Chen,Liang Zhou,Hui Gao,Yamei Liu,Shengquan Liu
A novel cellulose/TiO2/β-CD hydrogel with high photocatalytic antibacterial activity and sustained release of drug was prepared. TiO2 sol with a diameter of about 9 nm in this hydrogel was the photoantibacterial agent. β-CD can significantly enhance photoantibacterial activity and the sustained-release effect of this hydrogel. The structure and property of this hydrogel composite were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were selected as model bacteria to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the composite hydrogel under natural light irradiation and darkness, respectively. The in vitro release experiment used curcumin as a model drug in PBS buffer solution. The influence of β-CD on the antibacterial activity and sustained-release effect of the composite hydrogel was investigated. The results showed that the hydrogel composite presented a good photoantibacterial property, while the antibacterial activity can be neglected under the condition of no light. The complete release of curcumin from the composite was achieved after 120 h. Therefore, the hydrogel system has the characteristics of low cost and high effect, which could be used for an antibacterial sustained-release material.
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Polymers
·
2019
·Vol. 11
·期 3
·555
·
IF 3.164
Zhi Geng,Xinyu Wang,Hongchuan Jiang,Leilei Zhang,Zhiting Chen,Yong Feng,Wenzhe Geng,Xia Yang,Mingxin Huo,Jing Sun
A series of novel self-cleaning hybrid photocatalytic ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were fabricated to separate polyacrylamide, which is widely used as a commercial flocculant. To maximize the self-cleaning and anti-fouling properties of hybrid membranes, high surface area TiO2nanotubes (TNTs) with excellent photocatalytic activity were homogeneously introduced into a poly(aryl ether sulfone) matrix by chemical bonds. The chemical structure, micromorphology, hydrophilicity, separation efficiency, fouling behavior, and self-cleaning property of the prepared hybrid membranes were well characterized and evaluated. For the optimal sample, the flux recovery ratio increased from ~40% to ~80% after simulated sunlight irradiation for 20 min, which was attributable to the homogeneous dispersion and efficient photocatalytic degradation ability of TNTs. Furthermore, the intelligent fabrication strategy enhanced the anti-aging ability of the hybrid membranes via the use of a fluorine-containing poly matrix. This work provided new insight into the fabrication of high-performance self-cleaning inorganic/organic hybrid membranes.Keywords:poly(aryl ether sulfone);self-cleaning;ultrafiltration;photocatalytic;titanium dioxide nanotubes
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JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2019
·
IF 7.015
Shanshan Wu,Zhaogen Wang,Sen Xiong,Yong Wang
As an advanced gas phase deposition technique, molecular layer deposition (MLD) has recently emerged as a precisely controllable method to fabricate organic-inorganic hybrid materials such as metalcones and hybrid films. Porous structures can be prepared by thermally removing the organic constituents of the metalcones deposited by MLD. Herein, we revealed that there is a crystallization-induced volume shrinkage during thermal treatment of metalcone films. By taking advantage of both the chemical degradation of organic moieties of metalcone films and the crystallization-induced volume shrinkage, we built microporous TiO 2 layers on porous ceramic substrates and obtained nanofiltration and tight ultrafiltration membranes with tunable molecular-weight-cut-off (MWCO) in the range between 630 Da and 3050 Da. Firstly, 50 MLD cycles of titanicone (TiEG) were deposited on the near-surface of plate ceramic ultrafiltration membranes to achieve a compact layer, which was then subjected to calcination at different temperatures to remove the organic constituents. The bare membrane with a water permeance of ∼130 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 and MWCO of ∼63 kDa was upgraded from ultrafiltration to nanofiltration with ∼7 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 permeance and ∼630 Da MWCO after MLD and calcination at 250 °C. Moreover, as the microporous TiO 2 was transformed from amorphous to crystalline with rising calcination temperatures, there was higher volume shrinkage and larger effective pore sizes. Consequently, both water permeance and MWCOs of the membranes were increased. For instance, the membranes after calcination at 400 °C showed a tight ultrafiltration performance of ∼30 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 permeance and ∼3050 Da MWCO. This work provides a simple and effective way to fabricate ceramic membranes with tunable performances between ultrafiltration, tight ultrafiltration, and nanofiltration.
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