FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 8.129
Xiongjian Du,Shubin Wu,Tengfei Li,Yihui Yin,Jingmo Zhou
To enhance the efficiency and environmentally friendliness of the pyrolysis of lignin, we investigated the effects of ozone oxidation pretreatment on the softwood lignin structure and pyrolysis product distribution during the pyrolysis process. Fundamental characteristic analysis shows that the structure of lignin after pretreatment changed compared with that of the original lignin. The lignin side chain hydroxyl was oxidized to carbonyl or carboxyl, enhancing the depolymerization of lignin. 2D HSQC NMR analysis reveals that pretreatment mainly interrupted unstable chemical bonds like ether linkage of lignin. In order to determine the effect of pretreatment on pyrolysis, the pyrolysis experiment was performed on raw and pretreated lignin separately. Results showed that the pretreatment improves the yield of bio-oil from lignin pyrolysis. Furthermore, the relative content of p -hydroxyphenyl type phenols derived from lignin pyrolysis is positively correlated with the oxidation degree. Thus, the pretreatment has great potential in improving aromatic production during pyrolysis of lignin, and could selectively transform lignin to high value-added platform compounds.
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DOI
高影响因子
CARBON
·
2019
·
IF 7.466
Fangyan Liu,Zixing Wang,Haitao Zhang,Long Jin,Xiang Chu,Bingni Gu,Haichao Huang,Weiqing Yang
The O-N-S co-doped hierarchical porous carbons are prepared by direct pyrolysis of kraft lignin which is the byproduct from papermaking black liquor . The proposed preparation method is extremely facile, green-environmental, and low-cost without any additional activating agents, additives or templates. The kraft lignin-derived carbon materials possess large specific surface areas (338−1307 m 2 g −1 ), hierarchical porous structures and abundant multi-heteroatoms co-doping (9.84–19.91 wt%). Benefiting from above synergistic advantages, the as-fabricated symmetric supercapacitor in aqueous electrolyte delivers a high specific capacitance of 244.5 F g −1 at 0.2 A g −1 , excellent rate-capability (81.8% retention of initial capacitance at 40.0 A g −1 ), and outstanding cycling stability (91.6% retention over 10000 cycles). Importantly, this device in aqueous electrolyte delivers an energy density of 8.5 W h kg −1 at a power density of 100 W kg −1 . Furthermore, a remarkable energy density of 66.8 W h kg −1 at a power density of 1.75 kW kg −1 has been achieved and 32.2 W h kg −1 is still maintained even at an ultrahigh power density of 40.0 kW kg −1 when ionic liquid serves as electrolyte. This study demonstrates the successful conversion of low-valued natural biomass derivative into sustainable high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials with a simple, low-cost, and green-environmental production process.
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2021
·
IF 8.198
Changzhou Chen,Peng Liu,Haihong Xia,Jianchun Jiang,Xiaohui Yang,Minghao Zhou
Lignin is an abundant source of aromatics with low effective hydrogen-to-carbon ratio (H/Ceff), and the depolymerization of lignin provides significant potential for producing liquid products with an improved H/Ceff value. In this work, the catalytic conversion of lignin monomers, dimer, trimers, and realistic lignin over spherical MOF-derived NiMo@C catalysts was well established, to get liquid fuels with a higher H/Ceff. The optimal ratio of the Ni4Mo1@C catalyst exhibited good hydrodeoxygenation activity and stability for the hydrotreatment of lignin model compounds and lignin. The addition of Mo facilitated the decrease of the particle size of a spherical structure, strengthened the electron-transfer capability between metals Mo and Ni, and enhanced the acid strength. All of these factors contributed to higher hydrodeoxygenation activity in the hydrotreatment process. Up to 100% conversion and 90% yields of ethylcyclohexane and cyclohexanol with H/Ceff values of 2.0 and 1.667, respectively, were obtained. The Ni4Mo1@C catalyst achieved a decrease of the oxygen element and an increase of H/Ceff and HHV values. The physicochemical characterizations were performed by various means including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), H2-temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), NH3-temperature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD), pyridine-infrared spectroscopy (Py-IR), inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP), and Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses, which definitely elucidated the formation of a synergistic effect between metals Mo and Ni. Additionally, a control experiment also illustrated the synergistic effect that facilitated the occurrence of the hydrotreatment process under lower temperatures after the addition of metal Mo. Based on the optimal reaction condition (240 °C, 4 h, 2.0 MPa H2), both lignin and its monomers/dimers/trimers could be effectively hydrotreated to afford liquid products with improved H/Ceff value compared to raw lignin.
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高影响因子
SN Applied Sciences
·
2020
·Vol. 2
·期 9
·1-10
·
IF 0
Alassod Abeer,Islam Syed Rashedul,Farooq Amjad,Xu Guangbiao
Polypropylene is widely used in oil spillage cleanup due to excellent characteristics. However, polypropylene is not renewable and biodegradable, which is unacceptable to introduce new pollutants while solving environmental disasters. Therefore, there is a high demand to explore a low-cost, environmentally friendly, and renewable technique for the fabrication of porous materials. In this work, lignin was chosen as the second blend in the polymer matrix. Polypropylene and renewable lignin sponges were successfully prepared using simple, inexpensive, controllable, scalable, and an environment-friendly method named thermally induced phase separation (TIPS). The surface morphology of obtained sponges was investigated using FTIR and SEM. FTIR analysis indicated that PP and lignin were physically blended. SEM analysis observed an interconnected porous network that acts as a capture site of oil, and lignin merged into PP. The contact angle of PP, PP5L, PP10L, PP15L, and PP20L was found to be 127.4°, 118.71°, 113.89°, 109.45°, and 107°, respectively. Furthermore, polypropylene/lignin sponges have good adsorption ability toward oils compared to polypropylene itself. The research detected that the highest oil sorption tests exhibited by PP10L sponge, which could absorb 983% of soybean oil, 788% of engine oil, and 550% of lubricating oil in the oil system, with high oil retention more than 90% after 24-h dripping. Besides, the results revealed that temperature has a significant effect on oil absorption. All of these features make polypropylene/lignin blend sponges promising sorbents for the oil spills cleanup, not only for oil recovery but also helps in cleaning the environment.
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DOI
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2019
·
IF 5.589
Fei Lin,Chao Liu,Xing Wang,Changsong Hu,Shiliang Wu,Rui Xiao
In order to realize the efficient utilization of biorefinery corncob lignin, the promising catalytic oxidation strategy was carried out by using ZrCl 4 and NaOH as the co-catalyst and dioxygen as the oxidant in MeCN/H 2 O. GC/MS, GC-FID, and MALDI-TOF/MS were employed to recognize the produced monomers and oligomers , and GPC was used to monitor the molecular weight changes of lignin fragments. In addition, specific structural evolution of corncob lignin during ZrCl 4 /NaOH-catalyzed oxidation were revealed by quantitative 13 C (Q 13 C) and 2D HSQC NMR techniques. Results showed that the total yields of produced oxidation monomers reached 6.8 wt%, and aromatic aldehydes were the major species, in which vanillin and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde were the two dominant products. After ZrCl 4 /NaOH-catalyzed oxidation, the weight-average molecular weight of corncob lignin and its products decreased from 2000 Da to 300 Da after oxidation with 16 h. Moreover, Q 13 C NMR analysis showed the decrease percentage of C O aliphatic carbons (including methoxyl carbons), the increase percentage of C C aliphatic and carbonyl carbons, and the relative stable percentage of aromatic carbons with reaction prolonged. These results combined with the further confirmation from HSQC indicated the oxidative cleavage of C O aliphatic linkages and removal of methoxy groups within corncob lignin, as well as the formation of C C aliphatic bonds and carbonyl groups. The work presented a comprehensive insight into the catalytic oxidative depolymerization of biorefinery corncob lignin.
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高影响因子
BMC Chemistry
·
2019
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·1-15
·
IF 0
Guo J.,Ma Yu L.,Yu Jia Y.,Gao Yu J.,Ma Ning X.,Wu Xiao Y.
Herein, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-phenylethanol (β- O -4), 2-methoxyphenyl anisole (α- O -4) and 4-phenoxyphenol (4- O -5) were selected as typical lignin model compounds. Given the effectiveness of traditional acid–base catalysts for lignin depolymerisation, a novel Ni/CaO–H-ZSM-5(60) catalyst was prepared to investigate the difficulty level of C–O bond of three model compounds cleavage in ethanol. It was observed that Ni/CaO–H-ZSM-5(60) had prominent performance on the C–O bond cleavage at very mild conditions (140 °C, 1 MPa H 2 ). Among them, the C–O bond of α- O -4 and β- O -4 could be completely cleaved within 60 min. Although the C–O bond of 4- O -5 had high bond energy, 41.2% of conversion was occurred in 60 min. The introduction of CaO could regulate the acidity of H-ZSM-5 to enhance the ability to break C–O bonds. Moreover, the possible pathways of C–O ether bonds in three lignin model compounds cleavage were proposed in order to selectively obtain target products from the raw lignin degradation.
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DOI
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2019
·
IF 3.021
Shasha Liu,Yishuang Wu,Jie Zhang,Wenran Gao,Jianbin Zhou,Yong Huang,Shu Zhang,Hong Zhang
To further understand the secondary reactions during biomass pyrolysis, this study employs the pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry detection technique to investigate interactions between volatiles and char at 400 °C using benzyl phenyl ether (BPE) and different graphitized carbon nanotubes (GCNT, CNT–COOH, CNT–OH, and CNT–NH2) as model compounds, separately. The results show the BPE conversion increases from 0.1% (blank run), to 49.2% (with GCNT), to 55.1% (with CNT–COOH), to 61.3% (with CNT–OH), and to 70.2% (with CNT–NH2), caused by π–π stacking of aromatic rings between BPE and carbon nanotubes as well as hydrogen-bond formation between BPE and heteroatoms in functional groups. Such kinds of interactions significantly promote the cleavage of Cα–O to mainly form phenol and toluene. In the case of CNT–NH2, the breakage of Caryl–O is also facilitated by the synergistic effect of hydrogen-bond and aromatic–hydrogen interactions.
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高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2017
·Vol. 7
·期 79
·50027-50034
·
IF 3.108
Huizhen Wang,Wenzhi Li,Jindong Wang,Hou-min Chang,Hasan Jameel,Qi Zhang,Song Li,Lele Jin
The solid, super, acid catalyst S2O82−/ZrO2–TiO2–SiO2, which has both a strong Brønsted acid and Lewis acid, was prepared and applied in lignin depolymerization. The results indicate that S2O82−/ZrO2–TiO2–SiO2 is an effective catalyst for lignin depolymerisation since the liquid product was almost completely dissolved in ethyl acetate, indicating that it was comprised of mostly oligomeric lignin degradation products. The effect of hydrogenation co-catalysts (Pd/C, Pt/C and Ru/C, Rh/C) were also studied and found to improve the yield of aromatic compounds and the petroleum ether soluble fraction, which are mostly monomeric and dimeric products. The resulting yields of aromatic compounds and petroleum ether soluble products were 14.8% and 46%, respectively, when S2O82−/ZrO2–TiO2–SiO2 and Pt/C mixed catalyst was used at 310 °C for 24 hours. These results show that the use of a combination Brønsted and Lewis acid catalyst in combination with a hydrogenation catalyst (S2O82−/ZrO2–TiO2–SiO2 together with a noble metal catalyst) opens a practical route for efficient lignin depolymerization.
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Rongzhi Li,Xuan Zhou,Minggui Shen,Qiaoguang Li,Xu Xu,He Liu,Zhanqian Song
Traditional adhesives are facing severe challenges, mainly reflected in their poor degradation performance and the raw materials are mostly derived from petroleum-based resources. A self-curable benzoxazine epoxy curing agent was synthesized in this work. Lignin-based polybenzoxazine modified epoxy resin (PL-PBz-AE) was obtained by curing acrylpimaric acid diglycidyl ester (AE) with phenolic lignin-ethanolamine benzoxazine (PL-BOZ). The anchoring effect can be accelerated by the use of ether bonds, the formation of a specific molecular structure after ring opening of the oxazine ring, and multiple hydrogen bonds, which form localised hydrophobic zones. PL-PBz-AE exhibits excellent and stable adhesion properties in underwater environments on a variety of substrates, including stainless steel, aluminum, and ceramics. The incorporation of lignin-derived polyphenolic architecture endows PL-PBz-AE with remarkable interfacial adhesion capabilities, demonstrating superior shear strength values of 3.96 MPa for stainless steel substrates, along with 2.15 MPa and 0.73 MPa for aluminum and ceramic interfaces respectively. This binder system hydrolyzes its carboxyl group in an alkaline solution, and we have a strategy for the specific design of a 1 N NaOH solution, which exhibits a unique alkali-responsive degradation, in which case the resulting oligomer intermediate can rapidly decompose the material through a solution-mediated chain cleavage mechanism. In addition, PL-PBz-AE can also be applied to underwater bonding and underwater pipeline leakage. These multifunctional attributes-combining robust adhesion, controlled degradability, environmental stability, and thermal stability establish PL-PBz-AE as a next-generation adhesive platform that successfully reconciles industrial performance requirements with sustainable material design principles.
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Juan Zhao,Guiying Li,Qisu Hao,Yucheng Gu,Changwei Hu
Glycerol-based pretreatment enhanced the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of biomass. Post-reaction addition of a dilution solvent facilitated filtration of the pretreated slurry. The dilution solvent also affected the cellulose structure of the pretreated samples and the behavior/structure of lignin derivatives, which influenced the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of cellulose. When H 2 O was employed as the dilution solvent, the cellulose conversion of pretreated pine (with redeposited lignin derivatives) reached 76.9 % in enzymatic hydrolysis, surpassing values obtained with ethanol-diluting (29.7 %) and acetone-diluting (42.3 %) pretreated pines (without redeposited lignin derivatives). The study revealed that 1) lignin deposited during aqueous dilution acts as a steric hindrance agent, effectively preventing cellulose microfibril re-aggregation. The resultant cellulose exhibited lower crystallinity (72.2 % vs 81.7–87.9 %) and smaller crystallite size (2.48 nm vs 2.76–3.10 nm) compared to organic solvent (ethanol or acetone)-diluted pretreated pine. 2) Among the lignin derivatives derived from this system, those exhibiting higher aliphatic hydroxyl content, lower phenolic hydroxyl content, and higher molecular weight showed no inhibitory effect on the enzymatic hydrolysis of α-cellulose, with conversion hovering over 52.4–54.1 % upon the addition of lignin derivatives obtained from both ethanol/acetone-diluted H 2 O-washed processes to α-cellulose.
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高影响因子
ACS Catalysis
·
2025
·
IF 13.1
Shufang Zhao,Xiaojie Wu,Nannan Wang,Xian Zhou,Xiangxiang Chen,Ying Tang,Xin Tang,Lili Lin,Siyu Yao
Photocatalytic valorization of lignin, featuring the selective cleavage of lignin linkages and subsequent upgrading of resulting monomers, is an emerging and promising approach for utilizing this natural renewable aromatic polymer. However, existing photocatalytic conversion strategies typically perform singular functions (either depolymerization or monomer upgrading) and face pronounced separation challenges since phenolic and acetophenone intermediates derived from lignin monomers often exhibit similar physical properties. This work introduces a domino conversion strategy combining lignin β–O–4 dimer cleavage and acetophenone dimerization using a ZnS/Zn2In2S4 composite photocatalyst constructed via a light-induced phase segregation method. The ZnS/Zn2In2S4 composite exhibits synergistically enhanced redox capability and charge separation, enabling hole-driven Cβ–O scission and electron-mediated pinacol coupling of acetophenone under mild conditions. This approach achieves near-quantitative conversion of acetophenone to C16+ vicinal diols (biodiesel precursors) along with phenolic monomers. Scalable reactions demonstrate 91% phenolic and 90% C16+ yields after hydro-deoxygenation, circumventing distillation-based separation. The integrated strategy presents an efficient, step-economical route for coproducing value-added aromatics and biofuels, advancing photocatalytic lignin valorization.
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Longwen Lei,Pengyu Hu,Yihao Zhang,Xing Wang,Yanzhu Guo
Bio-based hydrogels have emerged as a promising and attractive platform in solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) due to their excellent biocompatibility, super absorption capacity to water, and ability to reduce water evaporation enthalpy. However, the currently reported bio-based hydrogels are generally prepared via a long-time external energy input process, thereby limiting their large-scale application. Herein, the regenerable lignin sulfonate, rich in hydrophilic sulfonate groups and light-absorbing phenolic hydroxyls, is chelated with Fe 3+ to establish a dynamic redox system. This autocatalytic system facilitates the rapid decomposition of potassium persulfate (KPS) to generate abundant free radicals for catalyzing acrylic acid polymerized into hydrogel within 3 min. The incorporation of SLS significantly improves the light absorption properties of hydrogels, along with a decrease in water evaporation enthalpy. Notably, the prepared hydrogel evaporator effectively prevents salt accumulation during the evaporation process, which maintains an evaporation rate of 2.11 kg m −2 h −1 even after 20-cycle evaporation tests. Finally, the prepared hydrogel evaporator could effectively remove pollutants and primary metal ions from wastewater to generate freshwater, and show reliability and stability for long-term desalination. This work would provide an efficient and convenient strategy for the continuous generation of freshwater using a lignin-based solar-driven interfacial evaporator.
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）