HYDROMETALLURGY
·
2026
·
IF 6.3
Shuang Sun,Yuefeng Deng,Ji Chen,Yang Meng,Rui Qin,Zhongte Du
Lithium recovery from weakly acidic raffinate of spent LIBs by P507 was studied. • A cascade extraction process was designed for the separation of Li + /Na + . • P507 could extract 99.9% of Li + in the feed at the lower equilibrium pH of 5.96. • The stripping liquor comprising 22.2 g/L Li + and 0.11 g/L Na + was obtained. • The kinetic of Li + extraction was discussed and the control mechanism was revealed. The booming growth of electric vehicle industry contributes to sizable end-of-life lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). It is crucial to recover Li + from the high Na/Li ratio raffinate of spent LIBs for circular economy and sustainable resources. In this paper, the Li + extraction process from weakly acidic raffinate of spent LIBs by 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (P507) system was investigated. Compared with di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (P204), P507 showed better separation selectivity for Li + /Na + . The extraction parameters of saponification degree, modifying agents, phase ratio, extraction time, and loading capacity were optimized. A cascade extraction process with ten-stage extraction and eight-stage scrubbing was designed for separating Li + /Na + . It could be concluded that P507 could extract 99.9% of Li + from the feed at an equilibrium pH of 5.96, and the loaded organic phase comprising 2.55 g/L Li + and 0.02 g/L Na + was obtained. Moreover, a three-stage countercurrent stripping process was conducted with 1.75 mol/L H 2 SO 4 at an O/A ratio of 9:1. The final stripping liquor contained 22.2 g/L Li + and 0.11 g/L Na + , and a high-purity (99.5%) Li 2 CO 3 product was obtained by precipitation. Eventually, the kinetic study of Li + extraction with saponified P507 was discussed via the constant interfacial area cell method. The control mechanism was a mixing control occurring at the two-phase interface. The initial extraction rate equation of Li + could be expressed as R Li, init = 10 –6.15 [Li + ] 0.65 [NaA] 0.95 . This research provided a novel insight into the efficient separation of Li + /Na + under weakly acidic conditions, which would benefit the potential industrial applications and environmental protection.
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高影响因子
RARE METALS
·
2023
·Vol. 42
·期 6
·1969-1982
·
IF 8.8
Liao Jia-Lin,Zhang Shuai,Bai Tian-Sheng,Ji Feng-Jun,Li De-Ping,Cheng Jun,Zhang Hong-Qiang,Lu Jing-Yu,Gao Quan,Ci Li-Jie
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with a high theoretical capacity are seen as a type of the most potential energy storage system. Unfortunately, the growth of lithium dendrite, the irreversible side reactions, and the infinite volume alteration still curb the practical utilization of lithium metal anodes, resulting in low Coulombic efficiency (CE) and safety problems, etc. Herein, we synthesize a lithiophilic 3D copper foam host with uniformly distributed nano-flower-like ZnO particles (CuF/ZnO) and obtain the composite lithium metal anode containing the Li 2 O, LiZn alloy, and pure Li by the infusion of molten Li (CuF/Li 2 O-LiZn@Li). Benefitting from the advantages of the 3D structure of copper foam and the lithiophilicity of ZnO sites, the composite lithium metal anode can restrain the volume alternation and regulate the uniform deposition of lithium. The symmetrical cells of the composite lithium metal anode have a 1600 h long cycle life with a low polarization voltage of 15 mV, and the Coulombic efficiency can maintain about 97.8% at 1.0 mA·cm −2 , 1.0 mAh·cm −2 . Graphical abstract
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高影响因子
Catalysts
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 3
·577
·
IF 3.9
Lu Zou,Weilin Kong,Linfeng Peng,Fang Wang
The development of Li-CO2/O2battery with high energy density and long-term stability is urgently needed to fulfill the carbon neutralization and pollution-free environment targets. The biomass-derived heteroatom-doped carbon catalyst with the combination of high-efficiency catalytic activity and sustainable supply is a promising cathode catalyst in Li-CO2/O2battery. Specifically, the unique morphology and mesopore structure can promote the transfer of CO2, O2, and Li+. Abundant channel pores can provide discharge products accommodation to the largest extent. Nitrogen dopant, the commonly recognized active sites in carbon, can improve the electron conductivity and accelerate the sluggish kinetic reaction. Therefore, utilizing the louts leaves as the precursor, we successfully prepare the cellular-like nitrogen-doped activated carbon nanosheets (N-CNs) through the appropriate pyrolysis carbonization method. The as-synthesized carbon nanosheets display a three-dimensional interconnecting pore structure and abundant N-dopant actives, which dramatically improve the electrochemical catalytic activity of N-CNs. The Li-CO2/O2battery with the N-CNs cathode delivers a high discharge capacity of 9825 mAh g−1, low overpotential of 1.21 V, and stable cycling performance of 95 cycles. Thus, we carry out a facile method for N-doped carbon nanosheets preparation derived from the cheap natural biomass, which can be the effective cathode catalyst for environmental-friendly Li-CO2/O2battery.Keywords:biomass-derived carbon;carbon nanosheets;nitrogen defects;cathode catalyst;Li-CO2/O2battery
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高影响因子
ACS Materials Letters
·
2022
·
IF 11.17
Jiawei Mu,Miao Yu,Helong Jiang,Xiangcun Li,Fangyi Chu,Qiao Hou,Gaohong He
The uncontrollable formation of Li dendrites and the problems arising from it are the major obstacles in the practical application of Li metal batteries. Thereby, it is crucial to induce the uniform dispersion and deposition of Li+. To realize it, we constructed a flexible membrane electrode that facilitated Li+ dispersion by the interwoven conductive porous skeleton and simultaneously promoted Li+ deposition with doped active sites. The skeleton was composed of CNTs cross-linked with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which ensured the good conductivity and flexibility of membrane, and the −CF2 groups on PVDF chains also accelerated the migration of Li+. The doped Fe2O3 with strong lithiophilicity played a vital role in Li+ deposition. Quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and in situ X-ray diffraction measurements were employed to reveal the reaction mechanism that Fe2O3 could be partially reduced by Li+ forming LixFe alloy, and reoxidized to amorphous Fe2O3. According to the galvanostatic current test of symmetric battery, the voltage had no significant changed after 1500 h, which proved that multifunctional membrane electrode effectively reduced the effect of Li dendrites. The assembled coin battery delivered an initial capacity of 125.9 mA h g–1 and still maintained at 114.9 mA h g–1 after 200 cycles at 0.5 C, with a capacity decay rate of only 0.048% per cycle. The pouch cell also exhibited excellent cycling stability with a Coulombic efficiency of >99.2% after 70 cycles at 0.5 C. This work provides a novel flexible membrane electrode design in solving the Li dendrites and developing novel electrodes for Li metal batteries.
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高影响因子
Journal of Energy Chemistry
·
2022
·
IF 13.599
Dongdong Li,Jinbiao Chen,Yingtong Chen,Yian Wang,Yanpeng Fu,Minhua Shao,Zhicong Shi
Rechargeable aprotic Li-O 2 batteries have attracted increasing attention due to their extremely high capacity, and it is very important to design appropriate strategies to synthesize efficient catalysts used as oxygen cathode. In present work, we present an expedient “instantaneous nucleation and epitaxial growth” (INEG) synthesis strategy for convenient and large-scale synthesis of ultrafine MOCPs nanoparticles (size 50–100 nm) with obvious advantages such as fast synthesis, high yields, low costs and reduced synthetic steps. The bimetallic Ru/Co-MOCPs are further pyrolyzed to obtain bimetallic Co– and low content of Ru-based nanoparticles embedded within nitrogen-doped carbon (Ru/Co@N C) as an efficient catalyst used in Li-O 2 battery. The Ru/Co@N C provides porous carbon framework for the ion transportation and O 2 diffusion, and has large amounts of metal/nonmetal sites as active site to promote the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR)/oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in Li-O 2 batteries. As a consequence, a high discharge specific capacity of 15246 mA h g −1 at 250 mA g −1 , excellent rate capability at different current densities, and stable overpotential during cycling, are achieved. This work opened up a new understanding for the industrialized synthesis of ultrafine catalysts for Li-O 2 batteries with excellent structural characteristics and electrochemical performance.
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高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 5
·2233-2245
·
IF 11.9
Ke Tan,Zhaolin Tan,Sen Liu,Guoqiang Zhao,Yang Liu,Linrui Hou,Changzhou Yuan
Li–S batteries (LSBs), owing to their superior energy density, cost-efficiency, and environment-friendliness, are established as one of the most potential next-generation electrochemical energy storage systems. However, the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LPSs) and the poor conductivity of active substances are the main challenges to their practical applications. Herein, we propose a synergistic strategy involving heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts. First, MIL-47 as-derived core–shell carbon nanorods decorated with a V3S4 nanosheet shell (V3S4@C) were smartly constructed and applied as the host material for sulfur cathodes. The resulting V3S4@C not only enhanced the electronic conductivity of the integrated cathode but promoted LPSs chemisorption and conversion as heterogeneous catalysts. The optimized Co(C5H5)2 was further introduced into the electrolyte as a homogeneous catalyst, improving the conversion efficiency of LPSs and electrolyte wettability. Benefiting from the synergistic contributions of the V3S4@C host and the homogeneous catalyst Co(C5H5)2, the assembled LSBs with S/V3S4@C as the cathode exhibited outstanding long-life cycling performance and high-rate behavior, particularly in cases with high sulfur loading and low electrolyte dosage. More significantly, our work promises a feasible pathway for commercial applications of advanced LSBs.
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高影响因子
ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2022
·
IF 6.959
Xinran Hu,Helong Jiang,Xiangcun Li,Jiawei Mu,Gaohong He,Miao Yu
Li–S batteries still have various problems, including volume expansion, low S conductivity, and shuttling effect of polysulfides (LiPSs), requiring resolution. Herein, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is combined with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and Fe2O3 through a one-step phase-inversion process to form a highly flexible and conductive membrane as a functional Li–S battery interlayer. The CNT skeleton is tightly entangled and crosslinked by PVDF to form a hierarchically porous framework, which is suitable for fast Li+ and electron transport and volumetric expansion of S and facilitated electrolyte diffusion. Additionally, the strongly negative F atoms can accelerate Li+ transport, promoting the fast redox reaction between S species and Li+. Furthermore, the uniformly doped Fe2O3 nanoparticles provide abundant active sites and broad reaction interfaces for highly efficient LiPS anchoring and catalytic conversion. Li–S batteries with the membrane as the interlayer exhibit an excellent cycle performance and reversible capacity of 631.2 mAh g–1 after 400 cycles at 1 C. Furthermore, in situ Raman spectroscopy shows that long-chain Li2S8 decreases, indicating that the interlayer can alleviate the shuttle of soluble LiPSs. This proposed strategy advances the practical application of Li–S batteries due to the facile and scalable production of the flexible membrane.
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高影响因子
Carbon Energy
·
2023
·Vol. 5
·期 8
·e334
·
IF 20.5
Meiling Wang,Ying Yao,Feiyang Yang,Zhenwu Tang,Jingjie Ren,Cunzhong Zhang,Feng Wu,Xiangke Wang
The rational design of large-area exposure, nonagglomeration, and long-range dispersion of metal nanoparticles (NPs) in the catalysts is critical for the development of energy storage and conversion systems. Little attention has been focused on modulating and developing catalyst interface contact engineering between a carbon substrate and dispersed metal. Here, a highly dispersed ultrafine ruthenium (Ru) NP strategy by double spatial confinement is proposed, that is, incorporating directed growth of metal–organic framework crystals into a bacterial cellulose templating substrate to integrate their respective merits as an excellent electrocatalytic cathode catalyst for a quasi-solid-state Li–O 2 battery. The porous carbon matrix with highly dispersed ultrafine Ru NPs is well designed and used as cathode catalysts in a Li–O 2 battery, demonstrating a high discharge areal capacity of 6.82 mAh cm –2 at 0.02 mA cm –2 , a high-rate capability of 4.93 mAh cm –2 at 0.2 mA cm –2 , and stable discharge/charge cycling for up to 500 cycles (2000 h) with low overpotentials of ~1.4 V. This fundamental understanding of the structure–performance relationship demonstrates a new and promising approach to optimize highly efficient cathode catalysts for solid-state Li–O 2 batteries.
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高影响因子
Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers
·
2023
·Vol. 10
·期 6
·1775-1785
·
IF 7
Chuyue Cai,Liping Wu,Zhiwei Cai,Fang Yu,Liu Zhang,Liya Wang,Tao Mei,Liangyou Lin,Xianbao Wang
Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) are broadly considered to be the most promising next-generation energy storage because of their ultrahigh theoretical energy density and cost-effectiveness. However, the “shuttle effect” and sluggish conversion kinetics of polysulfides severely hinder their practical application. To address these challenges, a unique Co-doped MnO2 nanorod network layer with oxygen vacancies (Co-MnOx) was devised by self-assembly on a commercial separator through the chemical growth method for high-performance LSBs. The Co-MnOx modified separators (Co-MnOx@PP) not only effectively alleviate the “shuttle effects” but also accelerate the redox conversion of polysulfides. More importantly, the Co-MnOx@PP demonstrated superior thermostability and flame-retardant properties owing to the chemical growth method. The LSBs with Co-MnOx@PP separators exhibited a high reversible capacity of 902.0 mA h g−1 and 562.2 mA h g−1 at 0.5 C for 20 °C and 60 °C after 200 cycles, respectively. Even at 3 C, after 500 cycles, a superb cycling performance of 715.2 mA h g−1 with an ultra-low decay of 0.069% for each cycle was achieved. Therefore, this proposed strategy of a Co-doped MnO2 nanorod network layer with oxygen vacancies will provide a new route for rationally devising durable and efficient LSBs.
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高影响因子
Advanced Science
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Quanzhen Sun,Chen Shi,Weihao Xie,Yifan Li,Caixia Zhang,Jionghua Wu,Qiao Zheng,Hui Deng,Shuying Cheng
Ion doping is an effective strategy for achieving high-performance flexible Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 (CZTSSe) solar cells by defect regulations. Here, a Li&Na co-doped strategy is applied to synergistically regulate defects in CZTSSe bulks. The quality absorbers with the uniformly distributed Li and Na elements are obtained using the solution method, where the acetates (LiAc and NaAc) are as additives. The concentration of the harmful Cu Zn anti-site defects is decreased by 8.13% after Li incorporation, and that of the benign Na Zn defects is increased by 36.91% after Na incorporation. Synergistic Li&Na co-doping enhances the carrier concentration and reduces the interfacial defects concentration by one order of magnitude. As a result, the flexible CZTSSe solar cell achieves a power conversion efficiency ( PCE ) of 10.53% with certified 10.12%. Because of the high PCE and the homogeneous property, the Li&Na co-doped device is fabricated to a large area (2.38 cm 2 ) and obtains 9.41% PCE . The co-doping investigation to synergistically regulate defects provides a new perspective for efficient flexible CZTSSe solar cells.
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PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2023
·
IF 5
Xin Xie,Lei Sheng,Xingxu Gao,Hao Gong,Ling Yang,Min Cao,Datuan Li,Yaozong Bai,Gaojun Liu,Haoyu Dong,Tao Wang,Xianli Huang,Jianping He
Lithium dendrites and the volume expansion effect limit the practical application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs), and they have become urgent problems that need to be solved. Herein, we design a kind of lithiated molecular sieve (LMS) ceramic particles through the ionic replacement reaction as a functional separator coating for inhibiting lithium dendrites. This LMS@HT-PE composite separator is prepared via a water-based slurry and exhibits an improved ionic conductivity (0.569 mS cm–1) and a higher lithium-ion transference number (0.52). Furthermore, the Li//Li symmetrical cell with the LMS@HT-PE composite separator can retain a lower overpotential and stably operate for over 500 h. A dendrite-free lithium deposition morphology is realized on the surface of the lithium metal anode with a uniform Li-ion flux and excellent interface stability. Meanwhile, an enhanced coulombic efficiency (more than 80%) and reduced nucleation overpotential are achieved in Li//Cu half-cells. In addition, the LiCoO2/Li cell with the composite separator exhibits a stable cycle for more than 200 cycles and the average capacity decay rate is only 0.11% per cycle. During the rate performance test, the cell with the LMS@HT-PE composite separator still displays high discharge capacity even at 5C. Hence, this functional composite separator strategy is expected to boost the electrochemical performance of LMBs and be widely used in this field.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2023
·
IF 2.6
Tingting Zhou,Xueli Huang,Baharguli Hadeerbieke,Fangning Yan,Xueying Wang,Qinglong Luo
The phase diagram can guide the comprehensive utilization of salt lake brine, particularly lithium extraction. In this paper, the study on phase equilibria of the quinary system Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+//Cl––H2O saturated with NaCl·2H2O and its subsystem Li+, Na+, Mg2+//Cl––H2O at 258.15 K were carried out using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. Based on the experimental data, equilibrium diagrams for stable phases were plotted. For the equilibrium diagram of the quaternary system Li+, Na+, Mg2+//Cl––H2O at 258.15 K, there are two invariant points, five univariant curves, and four crystallization fields. The quinary system Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+//Cl––H2O saturated with NaCl·2H2O at 258.15 K contains three invariant points, seven univariant curves, and five crystallization fields. Comparing the phase diagram of the system at 258.15 K to that at 298.15 K reveals that, except KCl, all crystallization zones have decreased, and LiCl·MgCl2·7H2O has the smallest crystallization zone compared to the other salts in the systems. This fundamental research could be valuable for promoting comprehensive utilization of the lithium-containing salt lake brine.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）