SN Applied Sciences
·
2020
·Vol. 2
·期 9
·1-10
·
IF 0
Alassod Abeer,Islam Syed Rashedul,Farooq Amjad,Xu Guangbiao
Polypropylene is widely used in oil spillage cleanup due to excellent characteristics. However, polypropylene is not renewable and biodegradable, which is unacceptable to introduce new pollutants while solving environmental disasters. Therefore, there is a high demand to explore a low-cost, environmentally friendly, and renewable technique for the fabrication of porous materials. In this work, lignin was chosen as the second blend in the polymer matrix. Polypropylene and renewable lignin sponges were successfully prepared using simple, inexpensive, controllable, scalable, and an environment-friendly method named thermally induced phase separation (TIPS). The surface morphology of obtained sponges was investigated using FTIR and SEM. FTIR analysis indicated that PP and lignin were physically blended. SEM analysis observed an interconnected porous network that acts as a capture site of oil, and lignin merged into PP. The contact angle of PP, PP5L, PP10L, PP15L, and PP20L was found to be 127.4°, 118.71°, 113.89°, 109.45°, and 107°, respectively. Furthermore, polypropylene/lignin sponges have good adsorption ability toward oils compared to polypropylene itself. The research detected that the highest oil sorption tests exhibited by PP10L sponge, which could absorb 983% of soybean oil, 788% of engine oil, and 550% of lubricating oil in the oil system, with high oil retention more than 90% after 24-h dripping. Besides, the results revealed that temperature has a significant effect on oil absorption. All of these features make polypropylene/lignin blend sponges promising sorbents for the oil spills cleanup, not only for oil recovery but also helps in cleaning the environment.
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CARBON
·
2019
·
IF 7.466
Fangyan Liu,Zixing Wang,Haitao Zhang,Long Jin,Xiang Chu,Bingni Gu,Haichao Huang,Weiqing Yang
The O-N-S co-doped hierarchical porous carbons are prepared by direct pyrolysis of kraft lignin which is the byproduct from papermaking black liquor . The proposed preparation method is extremely facile, green-environmental, and low-cost without any additional activating agents, additives or templates. The kraft lignin-derived carbon materials possess large specific surface areas (338−1307 m 2 g −1 ), hierarchical porous structures and abundant multi-heteroatoms co-doping (9.84–19.91 wt%). Benefiting from above synergistic advantages, the as-fabricated symmetric supercapacitor in aqueous electrolyte delivers a high specific capacitance of 244.5 F g −1 at 0.2 A g −1 , excellent rate-capability (81.8% retention of initial capacitance at 40.0 A g −1 ), and outstanding cycling stability (91.6% retention over 10000 cycles). Importantly, this device in aqueous electrolyte delivers an energy density of 8.5 W h kg −1 at a power density of 100 W kg −1 . Furthermore, a remarkable energy density of 66.8 W h kg −1 at a power density of 1.75 kW kg −1 has been achieved and 32.2 W h kg −1 is still maintained even at an ultrahigh power density of 40.0 kW kg −1 when ionic liquid serves as electrolyte. This study demonstrates the successful conversion of low-valued natural biomass derivative into sustainable high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials with a simple, low-cost, and green-environmental production process.
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高影响因子
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 8.129
Xiongjian Du,Shubin Wu,Tengfei Li,Yihui Yin,Jingmo Zhou
To enhance the efficiency and environmentally friendliness of the pyrolysis of lignin, we investigated the effects of ozone oxidation pretreatment on the softwood lignin structure and pyrolysis product distribution during the pyrolysis process. Fundamental characteristic analysis shows that the structure of lignin after pretreatment changed compared with that of the original lignin. The lignin side chain hydroxyl was oxidized to carbonyl or carboxyl, enhancing the depolymerization of lignin. 2D HSQC NMR analysis reveals that pretreatment mainly interrupted unstable chemical bonds like ether linkage of lignin. In order to determine the effect of pretreatment on pyrolysis, the pyrolysis experiment was performed on raw and pretreated lignin separately. Results showed that the pretreatment improves the yield of bio-oil from lignin pyrolysis. Furthermore, the relative content of p -hydroxyphenyl type phenols derived from lignin pyrolysis is positively correlated with the oxidation degree. Thus, the pretreatment has great potential in improving aromatic production during pyrolysis of lignin, and could selectively transform lignin to high value-added platform compounds.
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高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2019
·
IF 6.669
Zhen Wu,Xinxu Zhao,Jun Zhang,Xun Li,Yu Zhang,Fei Wang
In this study, a mixture solvent of ethanol/1,4-dioxane/formic acid (FA) is firstly reported to efficaciously depolymerize industrial lignin to produce high-value added phenolic monomers, in which 1,4-dioxane acts as lignin solvent, ethanol acts as solvent, reactant and in situ hydrogen donor, and FA acts as acid catalyst and in situ hydrogen donor. The effects of solvent composition and reaction conditions on the lignin conversion and product yields were explored, resulting in a low residue yield of 6.57% and a high phenolic monomers yield of 22.4% at 300 °C for 2 h when Kraft lignin was depolymerized in the mixture solvent of ethanol/1,4-dioxane/FA (10:10:2, v/v). Moreover, possible reaction mechanism on lignin depolymerization in the mixture solvent was illustrated, suggesting a favorable synergistic effect among the three components of the mixture solvent. In addition, the satisfactory applicability of the mixture solvent was approved through the feedstock adaptability and recyclability experiments.
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PubMed
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Wenlong Gao,Jinpeng Wei,Yuyu Wang,Yulong Ma,Fei Pan,Feng Lin,Wenxin Ji,Yuanyuan Li,Yonggang Sun
In response to the key challenges such as the complexity of deoxidation pathways and the low selectivity of aromatics commonly encountered in lignin catalytic conversion, this study proposes an innovative nickel-based spinel-modified multi-dimensional pore molecular sieve composite catalyst. By precisely regulating the cross-scale pore topology and enhancing the synergy between active components and the support, the catalyst integrates three functionalities-efficient deoxidation, directional aromatization, and coking inhibition. Experimental results demonstrate that NiAl 2 O 4 @MCM-41(7:1), which features a two-dimensional hexagonal straight pore structure, achieves a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) selectivity of 54.46%, attributed to its unique confined diffusion characteristics. This performance significantly surpasses that of NiAl 2 O 4 @SBA-15 with a two-dimensional through-pore structure and NiAl 2 O 4 @KIT-6 with a three-dimensional cubic pore structure. When the mass ratio of NiAl 2 O 4 to MCM-41 was optimized to 3:1 (NiAl 2 O 4 @MCM-41(3:1)), the spatial matching effect of the interfacial active sites was maximized, further increasing the selectivity of MAHs to 63.04%. In-situ infrared dynamic analysis reveals a spatiotemporal cascade catalytic mechanism: lignin macromolecules are first cleaved into oxygen-containing intermediates at the NiAl 2 O 4 sites outside the pores, followed by directional demethoxylation and dehydroxylation reactions within the confined pores of the molecular sieve. Besides, the stability of the catalyst was systematically evaluated. This process enables in-situ removal of coke precursors and efficient regulation of aromatic hydrocarbon formation pathways. This strategy offers a novel paradigm for the dynamic synergy of multiple active sites in biomass catalytic transformation.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Yin Lu,Xuyin Yuan,Haiming Kan,Chi Zhang,Lin Chen,Alessandro Gottuso,Francesco Parrino,Tong Li,Shishu Zhu,Dawei Wang
Integrating the micro-nano-bubble (MNB) technology into the ozone (O 3 ) system has been gaining popularity for endowing the ozonation process with prolonged bubble residence time and increased mass transfer rate. This paper reports the lignin removal performance of the O 3 MNB system with different configurations in the secondary outlet and the baffle positions. The Eulerian-Eulerian Computational Fluid Dynamics-Population Balance Model (CFD-PBM) was employed to simulate the hydrodynamic conditions and mass transfer in the above-mentioned systems. The experimental data revealed that the MNB aeration led to high saturated concentrations of dissolved O 3 ( i.e. , 9.24 mg/L) and dissolved oxygen ( i.e. , 28.73–32.84 mg/L), together with limited gaseous O 3 emitted in the exhaust stream ( i.e. , 194.43 mg). Moreover, the efficiencies of the O 3 MNB system to generate hydroxyl radicals and mineralize contaminants were 5.99 and 2.23 times higher than those in conventional macrobubble (MB) aeration, respectively. CFD analysis revealed that the system configuration influenced the distribution of MNB and the mass transfer process during pollutant removal. To verify the CFD results, the superior performances in lignin degradation ( i.e. , 85.46 %) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal ( i.e. , 84.35 %) were observed for the O 3 MNB system after optimizing the secondary outlet and baffle configuration. This study highlights the high efficiency of the O 3 MNB system in wastewater treatment and the feasibility of optimizing reactor design for large-scale use.
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高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Xu Chen,Zhengyao Zhu,Yurou Wang,Xuan Tao,Xiaolei Shi,Xujie Zhao,Zijun Pan,Wei Chen,Zhen Fang
In this study, a method of simultaneous activation and ammoniation during cellulose and lignin fast pyrolysis was proposed. The influence of the cellulose-to-lignin mass ratio on the properties of the porous N-doped biochar was investigated. Results showed that with the increasing ratio of lignin, both the yield and N content of the porous N-doped biochar increased, reaching a maximum value of 37 % and 10.43 wt%, respectively. However, the specific surface area (S BET ) and total pore volume (V total ) showed a decreasing trend, with the highest values being 1492.31 m²/g and 0.632 cm³ /g. This could be due to the polymer chains of cellulose, which are connected by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds, undergoing hydrogen bond dissociation, glycosidic bond scission, and deoxygenation reactions under the action of KOH and NH₃. This results in the formation of numerous small molecular intermediates that undergo dehydration, condensation, and other reactions, leading to the generation of a large number of volatile products. In contrast, Lignin forms a cross-linked carbon skeleton that retains active sites for efficient ammoniation while suppressing volatile release from cellulose derivatives, thereby inhibiting pore development. Meanwhile, the interaction between cellulose and lignin exhibits a competitive effect on volatile release, where lignin suppresses cellulose-derived volatile formation, thereby reducing bio-oil yield, while promoting dehydrogenation reactions that enhance H₂ generation in the gas phase. What’s more, the yields of quaternary-N and pyridinic-N-oxide showed no significant correlation with the cellulose-to-lignin mass ratio. This confirms that the two components undergo independent reaction mechanisms, providing critical mechanistic insights into the simultaneous pyrolysis-activation-ammoniation of biomass.
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高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2025
·
IF 5.4
Wenbin Zhang,Hongzhen Cai,Xiangsheng Han,Yu Zhao,Xu Huang
Cellulose nanofibers-based membranes with balanced mechanical strength, flux and rejection rate are highly demanded in the purification of contaminated water, nevertheless, which still hard to achieve. In this work, an interfacial engineering strategy was proposed to fabricate cellulose nanofibers-based composite membranes (LC/DA@ZIF x ) using aramid nanofibers (ANFs) as reinforcing agents, lignin as interfacial binder, and 2-dimensional leaf-shaped zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-L) as pore modifier. Ascribing to the dense noncovalent interactions (e.g., H-bond and π-π stacking) among each components, as well as the hierarchically layered structure, the composite membranes simultaneously exhibited promising mechanical properties (a mechanical strength of ∼163 MPa and a toughness of ∼11.89 MJ/m 3 ), flux (61.95 L·m −2 ·h −1 ·bar −1 ), and rejection rates toward contaminated water (∼97.60 % for methyl violet, 98.68 % for rhodamine B, 97.12 % for rhodamine 6 G, 93.99 % for malachite green and 98.31 % for Coomassie brilliant blue). After 10 cycles of separation, the membranes can still retain a rejection rate of ∼69.98 %. Therefore, this study provided a simple and efficient strategy for manufacturing strong cellulose-based membranes that were suitable in the fast and efficient remediation of dyestuff effluent.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2019
·
IF 7.65
Tianqi Zhao,Kun Zhang,Junwei Chen,Xiaobai Shi,Xu Li,Yanli Ma,Guizhen Fang,Shiyu Xu
To mitigate the serious ecological problems and risks to human health that are posed by heavy metals in the soil, it is important to enhance the efficiency of heavy metal extraction by washing contaminated soil using chemical methods. Secondary pollution of soil by chemical chelating agents has, however, brought a new threat to the environment. Here, we describe a biodegradable LBPAA (lignin based poly(acrylic acid)) composite that was designed as a chelating agent to wash soil contaminated with Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ ions. Extraction and ion transfer of heavy metal ions by the LBPAA composite improved the remediation rate of contaminated soil during water leaching. After washing five times, the LBPAA-assisted elution process reduced the amount of Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ ions in contaminated soil to 22.57%, 52.60%, 13.63% and 17.95%, respectively. These values are 2.39-fold, 5.04-fold, 5.04-fold and 1.31-fold, respectively, better than elution with deionized water. Additionally, LBPAA is able to sequester Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ ions from the contaminated soil and transfer them to the eluent. In summary, this work provides a safe, environmentally friendly and sustainable remediation strategy for heavy metal-contaminated soil and demonstrates a new application for lignin in the field of soil remediation.
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PubMed
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2019
·
IF 3.021
Shasha Liu,Yishuang Wu,Jie Zhang,Wenran Gao,Jianbin Zhou,Yong Huang,Shu Zhang,Hong Zhang
To further understand the secondary reactions during biomass pyrolysis, this study employs the pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry detection technique to investigate interactions between volatiles and char at 400 °C using benzyl phenyl ether (BPE) and different graphitized carbon nanotubes (GCNT, CNT–COOH, CNT–OH, and CNT–NH2) as model compounds, separately. The results show the BPE conversion increases from 0.1% (blank run), to 49.2% (with GCNT), to 55.1% (with CNT–COOH), to 61.3% (with CNT–OH), and to 70.2% (with CNT–NH2), caused by π–π stacking of aromatic rings between BPE and carbon nanotubes as well as hydrogen-bond formation between BPE and heteroatoms in functional groups. Such kinds of interactions significantly promote the cleavage of Cα–O to mainly form phenol and toluene. In the case of CNT–NH2, the breakage of Caryl–O is also facilitated by the synergistic effect of hydrogen-bond and aromatic–hydrogen interactions.
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高影响因子
BMC Chemistry
·
2019
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·1-15
·
IF 0
Guo J.,Ma Yu L.,Yu Jia Y.,Gao Yu J.,Ma Ning X.,Wu Xiao Y.
Herein, 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1-phenylethanol (β- O -4), 2-methoxyphenyl anisole (α- O -4) and 4-phenoxyphenol (4- O -5) were selected as typical lignin model compounds. Given the effectiveness of traditional acid–base catalysts for lignin depolymerisation, a novel Ni/CaO–H-ZSM-5(60) catalyst was prepared to investigate the difficulty level of C–O bond of three model compounds cleavage in ethanol. It was observed that Ni/CaO–H-ZSM-5(60) had prominent performance on the C–O bond cleavage at very mild conditions (140 °C, 1 MPa H 2 ). Among them, the C–O bond of α- O -4 and β- O -4 could be completely cleaved within 60 min. Although the C–O bond of 4- O -5 had high bond energy, 41.2% of conversion was occurred in 60 min. The introduction of CaO could regulate the acidity of H-ZSM-5 to enhance the ability to break C–O bonds. Moreover, the possible pathways of C–O ether bonds in three lignin model compounds cleavage were proposed in order to selectively obtain target products from the raw lignin degradation.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Longwen Lei,Pengyu Hu,Yihao Zhang,Xing Wang,Yanzhu Guo
Bio-based hydrogels have emerged as a promising and attractive platform in solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) due to their excellent biocompatibility, super absorption capacity to water, and ability to reduce water evaporation enthalpy. However, the currently reported bio-based hydrogels are generally prepared via a long-time external energy input process, thereby limiting their large-scale application. Herein, the regenerable lignin sulfonate, rich in hydrophilic sulfonate groups and light-absorbing phenolic hydroxyls, is chelated with Fe 3+ to establish a dynamic redox system. This autocatalytic system facilitates the rapid decomposition of potassium persulfate (KPS) to generate abundant free radicals for catalyzing acrylic acid polymerized into hydrogel within 3 min. The incorporation of SLS significantly improves the light absorption properties of hydrogels, along with a decrease in water evaporation enthalpy. Notably, the prepared hydrogel evaporator effectively prevents salt accumulation during the evaporation process, which maintains an evaporation rate of 2.11 kg m −2 h −1 even after 20-cycle evaporation tests. Finally, the prepared hydrogel evaporator could effectively remove pollutants and primary metal ions from wastewater to generate freshwater, and show reliability and stability for long-term desalination. This work would provide an efficient and convenient strategy for the continuous generation of freshwater using a lignin-based solar-driven interfacial evaporator.
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高影响因子
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