Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2026
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·123882
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IF 7.5
Weilong Wu,Chao Li,Yi Wang,Xun Hu
Pyrolysis and activation are common methods for preparing biochar adsorbents, but these treatments often increase porosity while destroying oxygen-containing functional groups that are important for pollutant binding. In this work, a non-carbonized strategy was developed to regulate biomass surface chemistry using camphor wood. Instead of thermal treatment, lignin was removed and the material was modified with tannic acid (TA) and Fe 3 + to construct adsorption sites. The degreasing–oxidation process removed lignin and hemicellulose, exposing cellulose surfaces rich in -OH. TA and Fe 3+ further introduced polar and coordination-active sites. Structural characterization showed that lignin removal triggered hydrogen‑bond rearrangement accompanied by pore contraction, which critically governed the subsequent adsorption behavior. These interfacial changes strongly affected adsorption behavior. Raw camphor showed almost no adsorption toward methylene blue because of the inaccessible functional groups. Fe-modified samples displayed limited adsorption due to site occupation by coordination. Oxidized camphor exhibited improved adsorption because more −OH and −COOH groups were exposed. TA modification alone produced only slight enhancement because of pore restriction and hydrogen-bond competition. In contrast, TA/Fe-modified oxidized camphor achieved the highest adsorption capacity of 312.07 mg/g, higher than oxidized camphor (164.09 mg/g). The improvement mainly resulted from the synergistic effect of exposed -OH, -COOH, and partially coordinated Fe 3+ sites. The material also maintained more than 80% of its initial adsorption capacity after five cycles. Overall, this work shows that adsorption enhancement mainly comes from interfacial reconstruction rather than pore development, providing a simple route for preparing biomass-based functional adsorbents.
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CARBON
·
2026
·
IF 12.7
Xinya Gao,Qiaoling Li,Fang Liu,Shiying Zhang,Frank Ko,Hongqiang Wang,Zhongfu Li,Jiao Li
We present a single-step approach for producing ultra-microporous carbon membranes from lignin that eliminates spontaneous combustion during carbonization. A CO 2 -assisted electrospinning converts in situ NaOH→Na 2 CO 3 , enabling high-temperature self-activation without corrosive external agents. DFT further rationalizes CO-facilitated Na desorption, explaining the combustion-free carbonization. The resulting carbon membranes possess ultra-high surface area (2443 m 2 ·g -1 ) and narrowly distributed ultra-micropores (∼0.5 nm). At ultra-low Pt loadings (0.01 wt%), aberration-corrected HAADF-STEM and CO-pulse chemisorption reveal near single-atom dispersion (∼0.57 nm). The MC-Pt 0.01 (0.01 wt% Pt/microporous carbon) catalyst achieves 47.4% HCHO degradation at room temperature (70 ppm, 2 h, static) and 965 min fully penetrated with 262.5 mg·g -1 capacity (12 ppm, GHSV = 4000 L·g cat -1 ·h -1 ). Mechanistic analyses (EPR, O 2 -TPD, in situ DRIFTS) support a dual-site pathway, wherein vacancy-enriched ultra-micropores chemisorb HCHO, while atomically dispersed Pt activates O 2 to generate •O 2 - , driving complete mineralization to CO 2 . This strategy integrates waste-derived carbons with low-precious-metal catalysis, offering strong potential for sustainable indoor air purification and environmental remediation.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 8.2
Ying Xu,Wei Li,Kun Liu,Ting Xu,Guanhua Wang,Tairan Pang,Chuanling Si
Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation via heterogeneous photocatalysis is effective for degrading refractory organic pollutants. However, conventional graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is limited by narrow light absorption and inefficient charge separation. Herein, leveraging the metal-chelating ability of biomass sourced lignin, C, Co co-doped g- C 3 N 4 (LCN-Co) was successfully synthesized with enhanced photocatalytic and PMS activation performance. In the photo-PMS system, LCN-Co exhibited superior degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC), with a rate constant 4.04, 2.90, and 2.35 times higher than MCN, LCN, and MCN-Co. Mechanistic studies revealed that lignin-derived carbon enhanced light harvesting and synergistically promoted charge separation with Co, thereby accelerating reactive oxygen species generation, PMS activation, and the Co 2+ /Co 3+ redox cycle. Moreover, lignin chelation effectively suppressed Co aggregation and leaching, resulting in excellent reusability. This work demonstrates a lignin-enabled dual-regulation strategy for improving light absorption and metal stabilization in g-C 3 N 4 -based photocatalysts.
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PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 7.3
Mingyang Hu,Ying He,Yunying Wang,Hongzhi Du,Liang Wang,Jie Yang,Yun Liu
The methanolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to produce dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and ethylene glycol (EG) is a promising route for sustainable PET valorization. Conventional metal-based catalysts often suffer from high cost, large loading, low processing capacity, and environmental concerns. Here, we report a nitrogen–sulfur codoped lignin-derived carbon catalyst (S–N@C-800 °C) for oxidative alcoholysis of PET. Under 180 °C and 30 min with a PET-to-catalyst ratio of 250:1, PET conversion reached 99.58%, with EG and DMT yields of 97.67 and 95.37%, respectively. Even at a 600:1 ratio (0.16% catalyst by mass), the system maintained high depolymerization efficiency, highlighting its performance under low catalyst usage and high solid loading. Characterization revealed strong correlations among activity, acid–base sites, nitrogen species, and vacancies. Mechanistic studies using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) showed that basic sites activate O2 to generate superoxide (·O2–), which reacts with methanol to form OOH· and CH3O-, while acidic sites activate carbonyl groups, forming carbocations that lower ester bond dissociation energy and facilitate nucleophilic attack. This metal-free, efficient, and environmentally benign catalytic system provides a practical strategy for PET recycling.
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BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
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2026
·
IF 7
Xingping Kai,Kaidi Wu,Zhangjun Dai,Tianhua Yang,Tao Zhang,Bingshuo Li,Rundong Li
Fast co-pyrolysis of lignin and polyolefin plastics is an effective way to produce bio-oil and chemicals, yet the catalytic potential of the resulting biochar remains underexplored. In this study, the role of ten different activation methods in regulating the properties of biochar derived from co-pyrolysis of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) was systematically investigated. Meanwhile, the effects of activated biochar on product distribution and aromatic generation characteristics during catalytic co-pyrolysis of EHL and HDPE were investigated. The results showed that chemical activation significantly increased the specific surface area (from 3.79 m 2 /g in the untreated biochar to 1340.93 m 2 /g) and the surface oxygen-containing functional groups of the biochar derived from co-pyrolysis of EHL and HDPE, which effectively improved the catalytic performance. The treatment with alkali activator KHCO 3 and physical activator CO 2 significantly enhanced the relative content of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) in the bio-oil from 6.87% to 26.95% and 17.09%, mainly due to introducing structural carbon defects and oxygen-containing functional groups via redox reactions during activation, which suppressed the condensation of MAHs into PAHs. Although HNO 3 in the acid activator did not increase the relative content of MAHs in the co-pyrolysis oil, the modulation of microporous structure to micromesoporous structure and the increase of carbon-oxygen double bonds enhanced the liquid product yield from 15.11% to 26.70%, which indirectly increased the absolute yield of MAHs. This study offers critical insights into the rational optimization of biochar activation strategies for the catalytic reforming of bio-oil, especially MAHs.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 3
·122469
·
IF 7.5
Pengyu Hu,Xinwen Xu,Yongchao Zhang,Zhiwei Wang,Yanzhu Guo
The π-π conjugation structure in lignin could endow its derived polyurethanes with photothermal conversion property to some extent, but is undesirable with those reported carbon or metal materials. Herein, lignin-based polyurethane films loaded with copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-OLPUs) were rationally designed by simultaneously utilizing lignin as a growth carrier for CuS nanoparticles and as a bio-based polyol substitute in polyurethane synthesis. Benefiting from the synergistic photothermal contributions of lignin and CuS, the CuS-OLPUs exhibited markedly enhanced light absorption across the ultraviolet and visible regions, and thus exhibited great application potential in the field of UV shielding. Under simulated sunlight irradiation at 0.5 W cm −2 , the surface temperature in the optimized CuS-OLPU rapidly increased and stabilized at 106 °C, demonstrating efficient photothermal conversion performance. Furthermore, a lignin-based phenolic foam with interconnected porosity and low thermal conductivity was fabricated and integrated with the optimized CuS-OLPU to construct a solar-driven evaporator. The water evaporation rate under the action of the evaporator increased by eight times in comparison with pure water without the evaporator, highlighting its effectiveness in solar-driven water evaporation. Overall, this work demonstrates a synergistic lignin-based material design strategy that bridges metal photothermal agents and polyurethane matrices, offering a promising route for enhancing the photothermal performance of polyurethanes and boosting lignin valorization.
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高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
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2026
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IF 17.2
Yixin Li,Jianhao Qiu,Guanglu Xia,Qiying Liu,Biyao Fang,Meng Liu,Chen Chen,Jianfeng Yao
The selective cleavage of C α –C β bonds is of great significance to lignin valorization, and photocatalysis offers an eco-friendly pathway to achieve this process. Here, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) modified with hollow tubular In 2 O 3 was constructed via the calcination method for the photocatalytic cleavage of lignin C α –C β bonds. MIL-68(In) was used as the precursor of In 2 O 3 , imparting a unique hollow tubular structure and a relatively large specific surface area. The hollow tubular structure is helpful for light penetration and scattering, as well as rapid migration of the lignin substrate. The Z-scheme g-C 3 N 4 /In 2 O 3 heterojunction exhibited 92.1% conversion (corresponding benzaldehyde yield: 82.4%) of the lignin model compound 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol (PP-ol), outperforming pure In 2 O 3 and g-C 3 N 4 by 40- and 2.3-fold, respectively, under 395 nm light illumination. By varying the illumination wavelength, the conversion and yields of the g-C 3 N 4 /In 2 O 3 composites were found to follow wavelength-dependent reactivities. Additionally, photogenerated holes are capable of converting PP-ol into benzoic acid, whereas 1 O 2 mainly converts PP-ol into benzaldehyde. This work could encourage the application of metal-organic frameworks in biomass conversion and provide insight into photocatalytic lignin valorization.
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PubMed
高影响因子
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
·
2026
·
IF 7
Chenxin Jin,Yajun Liu,Lingfeng Li,Yihan Wang,Changzhou Chen,Jianchun Jiang
This study investigated the electrocatalytic oxidative process of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) using Co/N-doped carbon catalysts derived from lignin subjected to different pretreatment methods, including enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL), alkali lignin (AL), and kraft lignin (KL). The EHL-derived catalyst exhibited superior activity, achieving a current density of 110 mA cm −2 at 1.5 V vs. RHE along with 98% HMF conversion, 99.02% FDCA selectivity, and 98.4% Faradaic efficiency (FE). Structural characterizations and theoretical calculations revealed that the preserved aromatic framework of EHL promoted the formation of atomically dispersed Co–N x active sites and facilitated efficient HMF adsorption. The computational results further demonstrated that the optimized electronic structure of the Co-N x sites reduced the activation energy for the rate-determining step. This work demonstrated a direct correlation between the pretreatment history of lignin and its electrocatalytic performance, offering a precursor-based design strategy for efficient HMF electrooxidation.
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Journal of Energy Storage
·
2026
·
IF 10.7
Weisheng Yang,Zhiyu Xie,Jiamei Sheng,Zongpei Zhang,Fengshan Zhang,Guigan Fang,Jingquan Han
Fabricate directional micro-nano hierarchical pore to accelerate ion migration • Adopt natural wood as sacrificial template to prepare self-supported electrodes • Achieve ultrahigh mass loading and competitive energy storage capability To develop next-generation high-energy-density storage devices, boosting electrode active mass loading is a critical strategy. Nevertheless, it remains extremely difficult to construct freestanding carbon electrodes with high areal mass loadings and to expedite ion diffusion through straightforward, green fabrication routes. Inspired by the rapid water transport in natural wood, herein we employ industrial lignin as carbonaceous source and natural wood as sacrificial template, thereby constructing a directional micro-nano hierarchical pore structure and endowing the as-synthesized self-supporting carbon electrode with superior electrochemical behaviors. The fabricated self-supporting carbon electrode achieves a high areal mass loading of 61.5 mg/cm 2 and an excellent compressive strength of 5.1 MPa, while delivering an impressive capacitance of 20.3 F/cm 2 (321 F/g) at 1 mA/cm 2 . Furthermore, the fabricated symmetric supercapacitors (SSCs) and Zn-ion hybrid capacitors (ZICs) exhibited remarkable energy densities of 1.1 mWh/cm 2 and 8.4 mWh/cm 2 at a power density of 0.5 mW/cm 2 and 3.8 mW/cm 2 , respectively. This work presents an efficient and sustainable route to address the critical challenges in ultra-thick carbon electrode design, offering new opportunities for developing high-performance energy storage.
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高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.6
Yan Lyu,Ying Zhu,Guigan Fang,Shufang Wu,Yutao Yan,Jiongjiong Li
Developing formaldehyde-free lignin-based wood adhesives with balanced bonding strength, fracture resistance, and water resistance remains a considerable challenge. Herein, we propose a synergistic modification strategy integrating energy dissipation by grafted flexible polyacrylamide chains, epoxy-mediated network formation, and wood interfacial reinforcement. Polyacrylamide-grafted alkali lignin (PAMAL) was prepared through H 2 O 2 /CaCl 2 -initiated free-radical graft polymerization of acrylamide in the presence of alkali lignin. The introduced flexible polyacrylamide side chains were designed to enhance chain entanglement, hydrogen-bonding interactions, and energy-dissipation capability. Subsequently, the epoxy crosslinker triglycidylamine (TGA) was incorporated to regulate adhesive viscosity, improve coating and penetration into wood, and promote epoxy-mediated network formation during curing. Consequently, the optimized 2PAMAL/TGA adhesive exhibited a dry shear strength of 2.88 MPa, compared with 0.21 MPa for the unmodified lignin adhesive, while the bonded-joint debonding work increased from 0.010 to 1.096 J. In addition, the moisture absorption decreased by 83.2%, the residual rate increased by 331.5%, and the wet shear strength reached 1.26 MPa after immersion in water at 63°C for 3 h when hot-pressed at 190°C. These improvements are attributed to the synergistic effects of flexible-chain energy dissipation, enhanced wood interfacial wetting/penetration, and epoxy-mediated network stabilization. Highlights Polyacrylamide graft modification improved the adhesive performance of alkali lignin. Flexible polyacrylamide side chains enabled efficient energy dissipation. TGA regulated adhesive viscosity and promoted epoxy-mediated network formation. Dry shear strength increased from 0.21 to 2.88 MPa after modification. The adhesive balanced bonding strength, fracture resistance, and water resistance without formaldehyde.
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高影响因子
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
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2026
·
IF 5.9
Ziye Chen,Qingyang Cao,Wenwen Xu,Chuanqin Xia
While nuclear power advances as a sustainable low-carbon energy source, it may also contribute to higher emissions of radioactive iodine isotopes, which pose severe health risks and ecological disruptions. This study introduces a sustainable solution for radioactive iodine capture by developing lignin-derived carbon@CuBTC (C@CuBTC) composites. Scanning and Transmission electron microscopes show that lignin-derived carbon (LDC) doping reduces the particle sizes and lattice spacing of the composites. X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analyses confirm that LDC incorporation preserves the crystallinity and stability of CuBTC. The optimized 0.2C@CuBTC composite exhibits enhanced iodine adsorption capacity (920 mg/g at 75 °C), marking significant improvement over individual components. It also demonstrates adsorption equilibrium was obtained within four hours and the 0.2C@CuBTC composite has excellent recyclability (< 10% capacity loss after five cycles). Spectroscopic analysis with X-ray photoelectron reveals multiple iodine binding modes, including Cu I coordination, charge transfer, and π-complexation, forming the electrostatic attraction. The doping of LDC with CuBTC frameworks enables the material to achieve outstanding adsorption performance through synergistic physisorption-chemisorption mechanisms. This approach contributes to nuclear waste management by utilizing lignin byproducts, supporting a circular economy. The structure-activity relationship analysis provides a scientific basis for design, optimization, and preparation of high-performance carbon-based CuBTC composite adsorbents for pollution capture.
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高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2026
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IF 9.1
Liang Song,Xingjuan Li,Yifei Yu,Shengshu Xu,Caixia Zhang,Jian Xue,Zhengting Xiao,Jianguang Zhang,Xiangping Li,Xuebing Li
Lignin, due to its potential for depolymerization into valuable fine chemicals and liquid fuels, is viewed as a promising alternative to fossil fuels. In this research, three types of sulfide catalysts, Ni-S/SiO 2 , Ni-Mo-S/SiO 2 , and Mo-S/SiO 2 , were prepared using an ethanol low-temperature sulfidation method and the activity of hydrodeploymerization of lignin were investigated. The physicochemical properties of these catalysts were systematically examined through advanced equipment and technology. The hydrodepolymerization activity was assessed using organosolv lignin as the substrate, and the obtained bio-oils were analyzed. The composition of functional groups, chemical structure, and component distribution of the lignin-derived bio-oils was characterized and analyzed. The Ni-Mo-S/SiO 2 catalyst possessed a higher density of defective sites within the structure. All three sulfide catalysts displayed typical IV-type isotherms of mesoporous materials, with a H2(b)-type hysteresis loop. All three sulfide catalysts effectively cleaved C-O ether bonds in lignin. The Ni-Mo-S/SiO 2 catalyst demonstrated the best catalytic activity in the hydrodepolymerization reaction, achieving the highest lignin hydrodepolymerization product yield of 77.1% and a bio-oil yield of 71.2%. The proportion of monomers, dimers and trimers in the products reached 71.3%, which is higher than that achieved with Ni-S/SiO 2 and Mo-S/SiO 2 catalysts. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the ethanol low-temperature sulfidation method in preparing highly efficient Ni-Mo bimetallic sulfide catalysts, providing a promising strategy for the valorization of lignin into valuable bio-oil and aromatic chemicals.
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高影响因子
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