CATALYSIS TODAY
·
2017
·
IF 4.636
Zhibiao Shi,Haiyan Yang,Peng Gao,Xiaopeng Li,Liangshu Zhong,Hui Wang,Hongjiang Liu,Wei Wei,Yuhan Sun
A series of TiO 2 supported Co–Cu catalysts with the weight percent of potassium oxides ranged from 0 to 3.5 wt.% were synthesized. This work investigates the influence of potassium promoter on CO 2 hydrogenation to long-chain (C 5+ ) hydrocarbons. The introduction of suitable amount of K into the CoCu/TiO 2 catalyst remarkably promoted the formation of C 5+ hydrocarbons and suppressed methane formation. The temperature-program desorption measurements demonstrate that the addition of K increases the chemisorption of CO 2 , whereas H 2 adsorption is decreased, which enhanced production of liquid fuels. However, these effects were not obvious with the addition of excess amount of K due to the slight change of surface K content. A maximum C 5+ yield with CO 2 conversion of 13% and C 5+ selectivity of 35.1 C-mol% is obtained over the CoCu/TiO 2 catalyst with 2.5 wt.% of potassium promoter loading, which also exhibits a substantial stability.
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BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
·
2017
·Vol. 184
·期 1
·60-74
·
IF 2.399
Tao Ran,Wang Chengzhang,Zhang Changwei,Li WenJun,Zhou Hao,Chen Hongxia,Ye Jianzhong
The structure and bioactivity of Ginkgo biloba leaves polyprenol (GBP) are similar to that of dolichol which widely exists in human and mammalian organs. GBP possesses potential pharmacological activities against cancer. This study involved oil-in-water type nanoemulsion (NE) loading GBP was prepared by dissolving polyprenol in nanoemulsion of sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP)/TiO 2 solution, Triton X-100, and 1-octanol by inversed-phase emulsification (EIP) and ultrasonic emulsification (UE) method. Folic acid (FA)-coupled chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NPs), GBP-FA-CS-NPs and GBP-TiO 2 -FA-CS-NPs, were fabricated by ionic cross-linking of positively charged FA-CS conjugates and negatively charged nanoemulsion with TPP/TiO 2 . And characterizations of them were investigated by TEM, SEM, FTIR, particle size, and zeta potential. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of GBP-TiO 2 -FA-CS-NP treatment were higher than GBP-NE, GBP-FA-CS-NPs, TiO 2 -NE, GBP-TiO 2 -NE, TiO 2 -FA-CS-NPs, and GBP-TiO 2 -FA-CS-NP treatment at the same tested concentrations in HepG2 cells. GBP-TiO 2 -FA-CS-NPs at low TiO 2 concentration (from 1 to 2.5 μg/ml) showed good inhibition capacity on HepG2 cells and low cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on HL-7702 cells. The possible mechanism of cytotoxicity on GBP-TiO 2 -FA-CS-NPs against HepG2 cells is by preventing excessive intracellular Ca 2+ into extracellular spaces via inhibiting Ca 2+ -ATPase and Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ -ATPase.
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PubMed
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RSC Advances
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2017
·Vol. 7
·期 79
·50064-50071
·
IF 3.108
Shengzhe Zhao,Zhiqiang Cheng,Lijuan Kang,Mingtang Li,Zhiling Gao
Hollow TiO2 and TiO2/ZnO nanotubes were produced using a simple and novel approach combining electrospinning with an impregnation calcination method. Using a photoreduction method, silver nanoparticles (AgNps) were successfully decorated on the surface of nanotubes. During the synthesis process, the electrospinning procedure provided sacrificial templates for the fabrication of hollow nanotubes by producing PAN nanofibers, which can be immobilized on the TiO2 surface through a soaking method. Later, the composite nanofibers of TiO2/PAN were calcined into pure TiO2 nanotubes after complete combustion of the sacrificial templates. The morphology of the samples was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The structure and components of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Upon blending ZnO into TiO2, a new crystallite ZnTiO3 was formed in addition to the ZnO and TiO2 crystallites, and the ultra-violet light absorption efficiency was detected using UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The photocatalytic properties were evaluated using the degradation of methyl orange (MO) dye. As observed from the results, the Ag/TiO2/ZnO nanotubes could degrade MO efficiently under UV irradiation, which showed excellent photocatalytic activity compared to pure TiO2. The synthetic mechanism of Ag/TiO2/ZnO nanotubes and the mechanism for the enhanced photocatalytic activity have been proposed.
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Journal of Physical Chemistry C
·
2017
·
IF 4.536
Yan Xiang,Zhu Ma,Jia Zhuang,Honglin Lu,Chunyang Jia,Junsheng Luo,Haimin Li,Xiaowei Cheng
The tactics of ion doping in metal oxide is normally used to improve the film quality, achieve an appropriate energy band, and enhance carrier mobility. Here, a rare earth element (samarium) was doped into TiO2 compact electron transport layers (ETLs) by adding samarium trinitrate into the titanium precursor solution. The results show that perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with Sm-doped TiO2 exhibit 10.3% enhancement with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.10%, compared to nondoped devices. It is found that Sm doping can upward shift the Fermi energy level of the ETLs, increase the carrier transport ability, and inhibit the carrier recombination. The results indicate that rare earth ion doping could be a promising method for producing effective ETLs and high performance PSCs.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2017
·
IF 5.951
Meiqi Chang,Yanhua Song,Jie Chen,Lei Cui,Zhan Shi,Ye Sheng,Haifeng Zou
A novel multifunctional core–shell, yolk–shell SiO2@TiO2:Eu3+/Sm3+ and hollow TiO2:Eu3+/Sm3+ structures were successfully synthesized. The relationship between morphology/ions doping and multifunctional properties including photoluminescence and photocatalysis has been discussed in detail for the first time using systematic characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL), ultraviolet–visible light (UV-vis) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Upon ultraviolet (UV) excitation, the products show the characteristic red and orange–red emission lines of Eu3+ and Sm3+, respectively. In addition, Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters (Ω2, Ω4) were used to investigate the symmetry and coordination state of Eu3+ ions in the products with different morphologies. The relative luminescence intensities were in the following order: yolk–shell > core–shell > hollow structure. This phenomenon can be ascribed to the unique yolk–shell configuration, which possesses appropriate interior cavity used for multiple reflections and scattering, allowing for more-efficient utilization of the light. Moreover, compared with yolk–shell and hollow structure, the core–shell spheres exhibit excellent photoactivity for the degradation of MO, because the existence of Ti–O–Si bonds increases the surface acidity of the sample, thereby activating the oxidation reaction. In addition, the electron activation in the TiO2 matrix can be facilitated through intermediate oxygen atoms. Moreover, products doped with different rare-earth (RE3+) ions exhibited distinguishable photocatalytic performance. The surfactant-free method provides a promising route toward the development of multifunctional materials for many applications in photocatalysis and PL.
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JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2017
·Vol. 85
·期 2
·394-401
·
IF 1.575
Qian Xin,Han Huanre,Chen Yulong,Yuan Ye
Abstract In this study, an attempt is done to synthesize anatase/brookite/rutile TiO 2 nanocomposites via a simple solvothermal method with hydrochloric acid, dehydrated ethanol, and titanium butoxide in a sol−gel environment. The effect of preparation temperature on the content of each phase, crystallite size, morphology, and photocatalytic activity was systemically studied. The structures of the products prepared under different temperatures were characterized using X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectra, and BET surface area. The optical properties were measured by UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra. Besides, the photocatalytic activities were evaluated by performing the degradation of rhodamine B azo dye under UV−vis radiation. The results reveal that the content of different phases and crystallite size can be tailored via tuning the solvothermal condition. In addition, the obtained TiO 2 nanocomposites are a kind of mesoporous materials and have large BET surface area, narrow pore size distribution, and low band gap, which exhibit excellent photocatalytic performance (of activity about 4.40 times that of Degussa TiO 2 P25). Through examining the photocatalytic stability, the obtained TiO 2 nanocomposites exhibit a very stable photocatalytic performance. Therefore, the current method to TiO 2 preparation could provide a simple and reliable route for developing photocatalytic materials with high photocatalytic activity. Graphical abstract
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RSC Advances
·
2017
·Vol. 7
·期 81
·51512-51520
·
IF 3.108
Minmin Liu,Lin Zhang,Bei-dou Xi,Shuili Yu,Xiaojun Hu,Li-an Hou
The activation of persulfate (PS) by metal catalysts under visible light is expected to offer a promising oxidation reaction for the removal of contaminants from water. Herein, we investigated activated PS systems under visible light irradiation for the generation of reductive species to decompose ciprofloxacin (CIP). Improved PS activation using TiO2/Fe2O3/zeolite ((n)TiFeZ) under visible light irradiation favorably leads the reaction to generate reductive radicals. The enhanced degradation efficiencies of the (n)TiFeZ–PS system for CIP removal was due to the extended absorbance in the visible-light region and improved space separation of photo-induced charge carriers. The (4)TiFeZ catalyst exhibited better performance for CIP removal as compared to the other samples. The CIP was completely degraded in 120 min using 1 g L−1 (4)TiFeZ and 5.0 mM PS at pH 7.0. The characterization and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of (n)TiFeZ suggested that CIP was mainly degraded by surface-adsorbed radicals generated from the reaction between PS and Fe(II) on the samples under visible light. The reductive systems coupled with (n)TiFeZ exhibited high CIP degradation efficiency and high potential for the decomposition of other antibiotic compounds.
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PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2017
·
IF 2.497
Zhen Gao,Jianlin Chu,Tianyue Jiang,Tingting Xu,Bin Wu,Bingfang He
According to the purification characteristics of lipase from Burkholderia ambifaria YCJ01, mesoporous TiO 2 was functionalized by phenylaminopropyl trimethoxysilane (Ph-TiO 2 ) for lipase immobilization. This support permitted one step immobilization and purification of lipase YCJ01 via hydrophobic interactions from crude fermentation supernatant. The activity of immobilized lipase was 6119.2 U/g support with 12.8 mg/g support of enzyme loading. The ratio of the activity of immobilized lipase to decrease activity in the supernatant after immobilization reached 2.2, which indicated that the immobilized lipase molecules exhibited a dramatic hyperactivation. In comparison with free lipase, immobilized lipase showed significantly improved pH stability and thermalstability. The Ph-TiO 2 /YCJ01 biocomposite was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis . The result indicated lipase was efficiently immobilized on Ph-TiO 2 surface. Finally, the research about cinnamyl acetate synthesis suggested that Ph-TiO 2 /YCJ01 had enhanced catalytic efficiency compared with free lipase. In solvent free medium, the yield of 96.9% was obtained after one operation, and maintained more than 80% of yield after ten reaction cycles.
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WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2017
·Vol. 228
·期 9
·1-16
·
IF 1.702
Shu Yuehong,Huang Renlong,Wei Xiangyu,Liu Lingling,Jia Zhenzhen
Different from direct application of free nanoparticles (NPs) in water treatment, a composite material is used to reduce the release and potential toxic effects of NPs with maintained adsorption capacity and kinetics. Novel monolithic composites with TiO 2 NPs incorporated into the walls of macroporous cryogels were synthesized and evaluated for material characteristics and their efficiency for removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution in batch test and continuous mode. The uniformly distributed 6% TiO 2 -cryogel is shown to be optimal for minimizing TiO 2 NP losses while maximizing Pb(II) removal. Under (25.0 ± 0.1) °C with the initial Pb(II) concentration of 10 mg/l, TiO 2 -cryogels exhibit excellent adsorption characteristic for Pb(II) removal with adsorption capacity up to 23.27 mg/g TiO 2 , which is even a little higher than that of TiO 2 NPs (21.58 mg/g TiO 2 ), and the results fit well with Langmuir–Freundlich isotherm. Both adsorbents work well in higher pH range with the highest removal rate at pH 6 for TiO 2 -cryogel, and the adsorption mechanism might be strong chemical interaction. Pseudo-second-order process can better describe the adsorption process rather than pseudo-first-order for both adsorbents. The external mass transfer process of Pb(II) on TiO 2 NPs is much faster than that on TiO 2 -cryogel, and the ultimate equilibrium time is about the same (3 h) on both adsorbents. The synthesized composites could also withstand a continuous treatment, and the effect of competing and co-existing constituents such as Cd 2+ , SO 4
2− and dissolved organic matter (DOM) is almost negligible. The composite design with small particles embedded into cryogels is proved to successfully keep the adsorption activity of TiO 2 NPs and prevent them from releasing into the environment in engineering practice.
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Energy Technology
·
2024
·
IF 3.6
Shuang Liu,Chaofeng Wang,Yi Guo,Jiajia Huang,Xiaohui Liu,Jing Zhang,Yuejin Zhu,Like Huang
In recent years, the field of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has seen rapid development, with most high-efficiency devices incorporating dense titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) barrier layers and mesoporous TiO 2 layers to enhance selective electron transport. However, the manufacturing process requires high-temperature sintering steps above 450 °C, leading to significant energy consumption. In addition, this requirement greatly limits the potential applications of PSCs in the field of flexible electronics. This study introduces a new method for preparing dense-layer-free mesoporous PSCs using low-temperature UVO annealing of m-TiO 2 . UVO annealing effectively removes residual organic components from m-TiO 2 precursor films, enhances the conductivity and wettability of the films, thereby reducing carrier recombination and improving the performance of PSCs. Research has shown that PSC with a 40 min UVO annealed m-TiO 2 layer exhibits a final photoelectric conversion efficiency of 17.79%, comparable to devices with traditional high-temperature annealed m-TiO 2 PSCs. In addition, after 7 days at room temperature and ambient humidity, the unpackaged device maintains a maximum conversion efficiency of 84%. These findings indicate that UVO light annealing is a feasible alternative to high-temperature annealing, providing a simpler, more cost-effective, and energy-saving method for the preparation of metal oxide electron transport layer in PSCs.
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POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.5
Wei Liu,Zuyang Zhang,Daoyin Liu
SiO 2 /TiO 2 core/shell particles are effective photocatalysts, whose performance strongly depends on TiO 2 film thicknesses. Fluidized bed atomic layer deposition (FBALD) can precisely control film thickness at the sub-nanometer scale. In this work, TiO 2 films with different thicknesses are deposited on SiO 2 particles via different ALD cycles at 180 °C in a fluidized bed reactor. TEM images indicate that complete and uniform nanoscale TiO 2 films (0.7–6.4 nm, corresponding to 5–50 ALD cycles) are formed on SiO 2 surface. The TiO 2 film with about 3.9 nm is found to exhibit the highest photocatalytic characteristics by degrading rhodamine-B (RhB) and tetracycline (TC), and the photocatalytic activity is further maintained above 90% after 6 cycles of photocatalytic reaction. Suitable TiO 2 film thickness shows minimal charge transfer resistance, resulting in enhanced photon adsorption and separation of electrons and holes, thus improving photocatalytic performance. This work provides an effective way to tune the photocatalytic performance via FBALD.
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Biomaterials Advances
·
2024
·
IF 5.5
Kunpeng Jia,Changpeng Zuo,Yan Xu,Wenfu Ma,Lingtao Wang,Yan Ji,Jie Chen,Qiuyang Zhang,Changjiang Pan,Tingting Liu
Titanium and its alloys are widely used as orthopedic implants owing to their good mechanical properties and excellent corrosion resistance. However, the insufficient osteogenic activity and antibacterial properties hinder their clinical applications. To address these issues, TiO 2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were first fabricated on the TA2 alloy surface via an anodizing technique, and strontium ions (Sr 2+ ) were then loaded by hydrothermal reaction (TNT + Sr) and annealing treatment (TNT + A). Subsequently, the polydopamine layer (TNT + PDA) was constructed to immobilize the carboxymethyl chitosan and alendronate sodium (TNT + CA) mixture. The prepared coatings were thoroughly characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and water contact angle measurement. The results confirmed that Sr 2+ ions, polydopamine, and carboxymethyl chitosan/alendronate sodium were successfully immobilized on the nanotubes. The coating of TNT + CA significantly enhanced the hydrophilicity, and effectively delayed the release of Sr 2+ and alendronate. The TNT + CA coating significantly promoted osteoblast adhesion and proliferation, and up-regulated the expressions of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteoblast-specific transcription factor (RUNX2). TNT + CA was able to rapidly induce in situ hydroxyapatite deposition from the simulated body fluid (SBF). Moreover, TNT + CA coating showed inhibition against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus (especially against Escherichia coli ). The prepared TNT + CA coating provides a novel strategy for enhancing bone affinity, improving osteoblast behaviors, and antibacterial properties of titanium-based biomaterials.
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