INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2020
·
IF 3.573
Teng Li,Ping Jin,Yekai Zhang,Kexin Huang,Jingen Long,Jun Jiang,Shengqin Liu,Ayusman Sen,Weiran Yang
As an important biomass-derived chemical, d-sorbitol can be converted to a variety of useful chemicals and fuels. Because of the strong nucleophilicity of I– and reducibility of hydrogen iodide (HI), hydroiodic acid has been used for polyol hydrogenolysis with high selectivity. Here, d-sorbitol was converted by HI, rhodium, and hydrogen to give a high yield of iodohexanes (94.2%) at 373 K in a water/cyclohexane biphasic system. Rhodium and hydrogen were used to regenerate HI in situ. The reaction mechanism was studied in detail by using model molecules. The substitution–elimination–addition (SEA) mechanism was proven to be the most possible pathway. The high concentration of both proton and iodide was found to be necessary for the efficient conversion of d-sorbitol and the selective formation of iodohexanes. Besides, water could inhibit the conversion of d-sorbitol dramatically. These findings were explained by kinetic study and demonstrated in the reaction kinetic equation. This catalytic system, including HI and RhCl3, was proven to be reusable. In addition, iodohexanes can be quantitatively converted to hexenes over ZrO2 at 473 K.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2020
·
IF 5.162
Guang-jing Chen,Qing-yue Hong,Ning Ji,Wen-neng Wu,Li-zhi Ma
In the present study, in order to assess the influences of drying methods on the chemical structures, in vitro digestibility and prebiotic potential of polysaccharides extracted from Chimonobambusa quadrangularis shoot (CPSs), four drying methods, including hot air-, vacuum-, freeze-, and spray-drying, were utilized to dry CPSs. Results revealed that the physicochemical characteristics and prebiotic activity of CPSs varied by different drying methods. In comparison with the other drying methods, freeze-dried CPSs had higher uronic acid content (9.58%), lower medium-high molecular weight (117.63 kDa), smaller particle size (115.97 nm) and better solubility. All four CPSs fractions exhibited low degree of digestibility to pretended human gastric juice (< 2%) and α-amylase (< 5%). The freeze-dried CPSs showed the greatest prebiotic activity as this polysaccharide induced the strongest proliferation effect of probiotic bacteria and the highest production of total short chain fatty acids . Our results collectively provided substantial evidence that the freeze-drying method proposed in this study could be an effective technique in improving the prebiotic potentiality of CPSs.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
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2020
·Vol. 44
·期 5
·e13171
·
IF 1.662
Guang-jing Chen,Chun-xia Ran,Chang-feng Li,Zheng-wei Xiong,Li-zhi Ma
Three polysaccharide fractions from bamboo shoot ( Chimonobambusa quadrangularis ), CPS70, CPS75, and CPS80, were prepared using a final ethanol concentration of 70%, 75%, and 80% in the precipitation process. In vitro digestibility and the prebiotic activity of CPS70, CPS75, and CPS80 were evaluated and compared. The results indicated that all three of the CPS fractions exhibit a high degree of nondigestibility to human gastric juice (>98.5%) or α-amylase hydrolysis (>94.5%). Compared with the blank control, the three CPS fractions could not only significantly ( p < .05) stimulate the proliferation of B. adolescentis , B. infantis , B. bifidum, and L. acidophilus , but also significantly ( p < .05) enhance the production of lactic, acetic, propionic, and butyric acids when these polysaccharides were added as alternative carbon sources to glucose during the in vitro fermentation of four probiotics. Furthermore, when comparing the three CPS fractions, CPS75 displayed the strongest prebiotic potential, as this polysaccharide had the strongest effect on the proliferation of probiotic bacteria as well as the greatest effect on SCFAs production. These results demonstrated that the concentration of ethanol used during the precipitation process has a significant impact on the prebiotic activity of CPS. Practical applications Ethanol precipitation is the first step when extracting polysaccharides from aqueous extracts as it is simple, rapid, and easy to carry out. This study focuses on how different concentrations of ethanol used in the precipitation process affect the prebiotic potential of bamboo shoot ( Chimonobambusa quadrangularis ) polysaccharides (CPS). The result indicated that the concentration of ethanol used during the precipitation process has a significant impact on the prebiotic activity of CPS. To our knowledge, it is the first to evaluate the effects of the concentration of ethanol during the process of precipitation on prebiotic potential of polysaccharides, which can subsequently be applied to the optimization of ethanol concentration when precipitating natural polysaccharides for the purpose of in vitro fermentation.
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JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
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2020
·
IF 2.369
Jinghao He,Dejun Dong,Fan Yang,Lihui Sun,Xing Yu,Zhanping Yang,Xuedong Zhu,Yinchun Liang
In the present study, the solid–liquid phase diagrams of four systems acetic acid + acetic anhydride, propionic acid + acetic anhydride, butyric acid + acetic anhydride, and pentanoic acid + acetic anhydride were determined by differential scanning calorimetry at atmospheric pressure. The experimental results illustrated that these systems showed a eutectic behavior. The experimental data were compared with predicted data acquired by solving the phase equilibrium equations using an algorithm. The liquid-phase activity coefficients were calculated by the Wilson and nonrandom two-liquid activity coefficient models. The results show that the approaches used for the calculated system equilibrium was capable to accurately describe the eutectic solid–liquid phase diagrams of the above-mentioned systems.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2020
·
IF 5.774
Jiuli Han,Lu Bai,Shuangjiang Luo,Bingbing Yang,Yinge Bai,Shaojuan Zeng,Xiangping Zhang
Ionic liquids (ILs) are attractive and prospective materials used in membranes due to the nonvolatility, structure tunability, and the ability to tune the interface compatibility. The cobalt IL Bmim 2 Co(NCS) 4 possesses the porphyrin-like N4-coordinated cobalt center which could selectively and reversibly interact with O 2 . Herein the Bmim 2 Co(NCS) 4 as liquid-phase oxygen carrier was used to fabricate thin-film composite (TFC) membrane with the polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1). The microstructures, properties and gas separation performance of the membrane were compared with the TFC membrane which takes cobalt porphyrin (T(4-Cl)PPCo) as a carrier. We found that the addition of a small amount of T(4-Cl)PPCo can enlarge the d -spacing of packed chains of PIM-1 and significantly increase the fractional free volume (FFV) and the gas permeability of the membrane, but the selectivity is unsatisfactory. It is worth noting that adding Bmim 2 Co(NCS) 4 into the polymer can increase greatly the O 2 /N 2 selectivity which is higher than that of the membrane with T(4-Cl)PPCo. Although the addition of Bmim 2 Co(NCS) 4 decreases the d -spacing of packed chains of PIM-1, resulting in the slight decline of FFV and gas permeability of the membrane, the Bmim 2 Co(NCS) 4 /PIM-1 TFC membranes exhibit better O 2 /N 2 separation performance than the T(4-Cl)PPCo/PIM-1 TFC membranes in consideration of the Robeson upper bound.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2020
·
IF 5.162
Rong Chen,Bo Liu,Xiaoyang Wang,Kai Chen,Keyu Zhang,Lifang Zhang,Chenzhong Fei,Chunmei Wang,Yingchun Liu,Feiqun Xue,Feng Gu,Mi Wang
Polysaccharide was derived from Pueraria lobata (PPL) which was considered as one of the traditional Chinese medicinal and edible herbs. In the present study, PPL was administered in equal doses (12.5 mg/kg) to both normal mice and antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) mice for two weeks, and was evaluated in terms of body weight, organ indices, gut structure, gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids. The results showed that normal mice treated with PPL not only reduced the isovaleric acid concentration ( P < 0.05), but also significantly increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria, involving Oscillospira and Anaerotruncus ( P < 0.05). In addition, PPL could relieve colonic pathological changes and gut microbiota dysbiosis caused by AAD. It indicated that PPL was a potential functional food ingredient by modulating gut microbiota.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2020
·
IF 7.182
Yu-Heng Mao,Ang-Xin Song,Long-Qing Li,Yan Yang,Zhong-Ping Yao,Jian-Yong Wu
This work was to examine the impact of power ultrasound (US) on the molecular properties of a high-molecular weight (MW) exopolysaccharide (EPS) from the Cs-HK1 medicinal fungus and the utilization, and prebiotic function of the US-treated EPS fractions in human fecal microflora in vitro . The US treatment caused notable reduction of intrinsic viscosity, average MW and aggregate size of EPS in water but no significant changes in the molecular structure. The US-treated EPS fractions were consumed more rapidly by the fecal microflora, resulting in a higher total level of short chain fatty acids. They also affected the relative abundance in the microflora more beneficially than the original EPS. The results suggest that power US is effective for modifying and improving the prebiotic properties of high-MW polysaccharides.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE
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2020
·Vol. 58
·期 2
·532-540
·
IF 1.946
Xing Li,Miao Yelian,Li Na,Jiang Ling,Chen Jie Yu
One water-soluble polysaccharide (WDOP) and three alkali-soluble polysaccharides (ADOP1, ADOP2 and ADOP3) were successfully obtained from Dendrobium officinale . Molecular structure of the polysaccharides was analyzed, and in vitro lactic acid fermentation of the polysaccharides by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria was performed. All the polysaccharides exerted proliferative effect on the LAB and bifidobacteria. ADOP2 was the most effective one, followed by WDOP. This could be attributed to their molecular structure features, such as a high level of total sugar, uronic acid and reducing sugar, an abundance of glucose and mannose, and a low and middle weight-average molecular weight. ADOP2 and WDOP produced more short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) than ADOP1 and ADOP3 did during lactic acid fermentation. Propionic and acetic acids were the main SCFAs produced. These findings are useful for understanding the structure–activity relationship of D. officinale polysaccharides in lactic acid fermentation, and for developing new functional foods and beverages from D. officinale .
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Food & Function
·
2020
·Vol. 11
·期 7
·6666-6679
·
IF 4.171
Qianhui Zou,Xin Zhang,Xiaoshuang Liu,Yitong Li,Qiaoli Tan,Qin Dan,Tian Yuan,Xuebo Liu,Rui Hai Liu,Zhigang Liu
The Ficus carica polysaccharide (FCPS) components of the common fig fruit have been demonstrated to exhibit antioxidant and immunity-enhancing activities. However, it is unclear whether it could prevent the ulcerative colitis development. Here, we reported that 5 week orally administered FCPS (150–300 mg per kg bw) significantly prevented DSS-induced colitis in C57BL/6J mice by improving the colon length and suppressing the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the gut. FCPS treatment protected the goblet cells, elevated the expression of tight junction protein claudin-1, and suppressed the formation of cytokines including TNF-α and IL-1β. FCPS supplementation significantly reformed the gut microbiome by enhancing the abundance of S24-7, Bacteroides, and Coprococus, and suppressing the abundance of Escherichia and Clostridium at the genus level. Consistently, the formation of beneficial microbial metabolites, short chain fatty acids, especially acetate and butyrate, were improved in FCPS-treated colitis mice. The correlation analysis indicated that the protective effects of FCPS on ulcerative colitis might be highly correlated with the microbiota composition changes and the formation of SCFAs. In conclusion, these results indicated that FCPS supplementation could be a promising nutritional strategy for reducing inflammatory bowel disease and the gut microbes play essential roles in providing these beneficial effects.
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JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
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2020
·
IF 2.888
Zixuan Wang,Zixian Xu,Xinyu Xu,Ao Yang,Weiping Luo,Yizhan Luo
The solubility of benzoic acid in 1,2-ethanediol, 3,6-dioxa-1-decanol, octane, 3-oxa-1,5-pentanediol, N,N-dimethylacetamide, 1,4-dimethylbenzene, 1,3-dimethylbenzene, 1,2-dimethylbenzene, propanoic acid, cyclohexanone, decahydronaphthalene, thiacyclopentane dioxide were measured by the laser dynamic method. The experimental temperature ranged from 286.15 K to 354.15 K. The results show that within the temperature range studied, the solubility of benzoic acid would increase with the gradually increasing of temperature. Meanwhile, three thermodynamic models (Apelblat model, λh model, the modified non-random two liquid (NRTL) activity coefficient model) were used to correlate the experimental data, and the calculated solubility agreed satisfactorily with the measured results. The result of Akaike Information Criterion ( AIC ) analysis showed that the Apelblat model was the best model to correlate the solubility of benzoic acid in N,N-dimethylacetamide, the λh model was the best model to correlate the solubility of benzoic acid in octane, and the modified NRTL model was the best model to correlate the solubility of benzoic acid in 1,2-ethanediol, 3,6-dioxa-1-decanol, 3-oxa-1,5-pentanediol, 1,4-dimethylbenzene, 1,3-dimethylbenzene, 1,2-dimethylbenzene, propanoic acid, cyclohexanone, decahydronaphthalene and thiacyclopentane dioxide. Furthermore, the thermodynamic functions (dissolution enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs energy) were obtained from the SLE data by using the van't Hoff equation.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2020
·
IF 5.162
Junjun Li,Bing Pang,Ximei Yan,Xiaoya Shang,Xinzhong Hu,Junling Shi
Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide (ASKP) and its two fractions—60P (branched xylan) and 60S (branched glucomannan), were subjected to simulated gastrointestinal digestion and in vitro fermentation by human fecal microbiota. The results showed that all polysaccharide fractions could transit through gastrointestinal tract without dramatic degradation and be utilized by gut microbiota. ASKP exhibited the highest depletion rate and highest capability to decrease the pH than its fractions. Meanwhile, 60S showed the stronger capability to increase the production of propionic acid and reduce the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid. At the phylum level, all polysaccharides efficiently reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and relative abundance of Proteobacteria, with ASKP being the most capable to suppress the proliferation of Proteobacteria. At the genus level, ASKP and 60P markedly promoted the growth of Bacteroidetes , and 60S promoted the growth of Parabacteroides and Collinsella . Prediction on metabolic function revealed that polysaccharide administration could dramatically change the metabolic profile of bacteria compared with fructooligosaccharides. Besides, all the polysaccharides dramatically promoted the bile acid metabolism. Compared with 60S, ASKP and 60P showed stronger ability to suppress the metabolisms on carbohydrate and amino acid. In summary, both ASKP and its two fractions showed the prebiotic potentials.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2020
·Vol. 44
·期 9
·e13362
·
IF 1.662
Guohua Wei,Yong Ye,Xiang Yan,Xingyu Chao,Fan Yang,Mengyang Wang,Wencheng Zhang,Chuanxun Yuan,Qingmei Zeng
Banana ( Musa nana Lour .) have the effect of anti-obesity and lipid modulating properties. However, the influences of banana pulp dietary fibers (BP-DF) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and gut microbiota (GM) are unknown. In this research, we explore a novel strategy for dietary BP-DF on attenuation of lipid metabolic disease, GM disorder, and associated mechanisms in high-fat diet (HFD) mice. BP-DF can strongly suppress on HFD caused body weight and epididymal fat mass gain, and significantly improved serum lipid profiles, liver lipid profiles, and intestinal function. BP-DF also significantly improved fecal short-chain fatty acids formation and fecal ammonia content. BP-DF impacted the intestinal microorganism at all kinds of taxonomic levels by increasing the proportions of beneficial Lactobacillus , Bacteroidales _S24_7_group, and Alloprevotella and decreasing the disease or obesity associated Sutterella, Streptococcaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae . The experiments show that BP-DF may use as a functional ingredient for preventing obesity, MetS, and intestinal microorganism imbalance. Practical applications Obesity result in many metabolic complications, and it poses a great threat to people's health. Nowadays, the introduction of DF may lead to the development of a new strategy in the treatment of obesity and its metabolic syndrome. Our experiments findings show that BP-DF may use as a functional ingredient for preventing obesity, MetS, and intestinal microorganism imbalance. Therefore, BP-DF can be applied to the development and production of functional food, and can also be used as an important food functional ingredient, which can be added to various food, such as bread, noodles, baked goods, cakes, etc., to improve its nutritional value.
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