ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 3.1
Liang Guo,Liying Zhao,Shijin Zhou,Yanju Liu,Jinming Kong,Huaixia Yang
NGR-HP-AgPt and DNA tetrahedrons build a 3D track, avoiding probe entanglement. • Exo III-driven DNA walker achieves dual-signal ratiometric sensing of AFB 1 . • The built-in self-calibration effectively eliminates false-positive artifacts. • Ultrasensitive assay (LOD 73.99 fg/mL) successfully applied in complex matrices. Given the hepatotoxicity and widespread contamination of Aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ), developing ultra-sensitive, anti-interference analytical platforms is paramount for public health. Herein, a dual signal ratio electrochemical sensing platform for accurate AFB 1 analysis was constructed integrating DNA tetrahedrons (TNDA), a dynamic DNA walker, and nitrogen-doped graphene oxide-supported hollow silver-platinum bimetallic nanospheres (NGR-HP-AgPt). The NGR-HP-AgPt cavity provides a uniform microenvironment, synergistically promoting catalytic effects to significantly accelerate interfacial electron transfer. Simultaneously, rigid 3D TNDA prevent spatial probe entanglement, providing a well-oriented track. To avoid false-positive artifacts in complex matrices, a competitive binding strategy is employed. Upon target recognition, AFB 1 displaces a complementary sequence (DNA1) from the aptamer. The released DNA1 acts as a walking strand, hybridizing with signal probes (Cd 2+ -DNA2). Subsequently, Exonuclease III initiates the DNA walker, continuously cleaving probes to amplify the ratiometric signal variation for reliable self-calibration. Under optimal conditions, this sensor exhibits a broad linear range from 2 × 10 −4 to 20 ng/mL, with an ultra-low detection limit of 73.99 fg/mL. Furthermore, its practical utility and high accuracy were successfully validated in complex food and medicinal matrices, yielding consistent results with the standard HPLC-FL method. This work broadens the robust design paradigm of anti-interference biosensing. Download: Download high-res image (296KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
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2026
·
IF 6.6
Guangyu Duan,Xiaoya Li,Shuai Wang,Ru Zheng
The PNVP-GO composite was fabricated for efficient heavy metal removal. • The composite exhibited a high adsorption capacity of 86.96 mg·g −1 for Pb 2+ . • Topological analyses unveiled a synergistic dual-site specific adsorption mechanism. • Flexible PNVP chains overcome Pb 2+ lone pair hindrance via V-shaped cavity formation. A poly( N -vinylpyrrolidone)-graphene oxide (PNVP-GO) composite synthesized via optimized suspension polymerization demonstrated exceptional performance in removing Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , and Pb 2+ . Adsorption of Cu 2+ and Ni 2+ followed the Langmuir isotherm, Pb 2+ recognition exhibited pronounced surface energetic heterogeneity accurately described by the three-parameter Sips and Toth models. Mechanistically, all uptake processes were rate-governed by spontaneous, endothermic chemisorption, consistent with the pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetics, achieving maximum capacities of 73.96, 77.76, and 86.96 mg·g −1 for Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , and Pb 2+ , respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed chemisorption, while density functional theory (DFT) coupled with wavefunction topological analyses (ELF and IGMH) unveiled distinct dual-site specific adsorption mechanisms. Rigid GO carboxyl domains efficiently coordinate Cu 2+ and Ni 2+ but experience steric repulsion against the stereochemically active 6s 2 lone pair of Pb 2+ . Crucially, flexible PNVP chains overcome this barrier via conformational torsion (forming a V-shaped cavity) to accommodate the massive lone pair. A life cycle assessment (LCA) evaluated environmental sustainability and identified grid electricity for vacuum freeze-drying as the primary driver of Global Warming Potential (GWP, 75%). In comparison, ethanol washing was identified as the major contributor to Marine Eutrophication Potential (MEP, 29%). This study provides a universal theoretical paradigm for designing heavy metal adsorbents and highlights eco-design pathways to mitigate their life-cycle environmental footprints. Download: Download high-res image (288KB) Download: Download full-size image
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JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
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2026
·
IF 8.4
Xingchen Pan,WenKai Li,Chen Wang,Zhiyong Xie
Owing to the high theoretical energy density, lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) have been regarded as a highly competitive technology for next-generation energy storage systems. However, the commercial deployment of LSBs is affected by the diffusional loss of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and the inherently slow electrochemical conversion rates. Dual atom catalysts (DACs) have emerged as one of the most promising catalytic materials for LSB by expediting the kinetic conversion of LiPSs and facilitate the formation/decomposition of Li 2 S during the battery cycling process, thereby reducing the migration of LiPSs. In this study, we developed Fe-Ni DACs supported on nitrogen-doped few-layer graphene (FeNi-N-G) as a host for sulfur cathode. Both theoretical calculations and experimental results demonstrate that this few-layer graphene structure provides high conductivity and a porous framework, which significantly improves electron and lithium-ion transport. The dual-functional Fe-Ni–N site serve as strong anchoring centers for polysulfides while simultaneously providing active sites to improve the Li–S redox kinetics. Consequently, the cathode achieves a high initial capacity of 1164.6 mAh g −1 and maintains a capacity retention of 83.1% after 100 cycles at 0.2 C. Such performance underscores its exceptional cycling durability, particularly under high sulfur loading conditions.
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DESALINATION
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2026
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IF 9.9
Jianyun Liu,Junsheng Wu,Yue Zhu,Boshuang Zhang,Jianmao Yang
GO is electrostatically assembled on Fe-pillared bentonite at mild conditions. • The optimized GO/PB electrode delivers a desalination capacity of 41.11 mg g −1 in 10 mM NaCl. • A balanced GO loading improves conductivity without blocking ion-accessible pores. • The electrode retains 91.12% capacity after 100 CDI cycles. • Real groundwater desalination achieves >85% removal for major ions. Bentonite is an abundant layered clay mineral with intrinsic negative charge and ion-exchange capability, but its direct use as a capacitive deionization (CDI) electrode is restricted by poor electrical conductivity. In this work, graphene oxide-encapsulated Fe-pillared bentonite (GO/PB) composites were prepared through a mild electrostatic self-assembly strategy. Fe pillaring enlarged the interlayer space and exposed ion-accessible surfaces, while cationic surfactant-assisted assembly enabled negatively charged GO sheets to uniformly anchor onto the pillared bentonite surface. The resulting composite integrated the structural stability and cation-affinity of pillared bentonite with a uniformly assembled GO-PB interface, providing more efficient charge transfer and desalination than the physically mixed counterpart. The optimized GO/PB-0.2 with 14.6% GO delivered a salt adsorption capacity of 41.11 mg g −1 in 10 mmol L −1 NaCl and achieved 59.77 mg g −1 in 50 mmol L −1 NaCl. The capacity still maintained 91.12% after 100 continuous cycles, with no obvious change in the crystalline structure. Desalination tests using actual groundwater further showed simultaneous removal of multiple ions with removal efficiencies above 85%. This work demonstrates that charge-directed interfacial assembly provides an effective strategy for improving the electrical accessibility and utilization of pillared-clay ion-storage domains, offering a mild route for developing low-cost and stable CDI electrodes for brackish-water treatment. Download: Download high-res image (146KB) Download: Download full-size image
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AICHE JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 4.4
Ma Xinyu,Yang Fengrui,Song Chenyang,Wei Jun,Jia Shuwei,Wang Zhi
Achieving high permselectivity and strong tolerance is crucial for Mg 2+ /Li + separation membranes in salt lake lithium extraction. This study proposes an innovative strategy to covalently graft nitrogen-functionalized graphene oxide (NGO) onto the polyamide membrane surface. NGO was prepared by modifying GO with PEI. The polyamide membrane was synthesized via interfacial polymerization of PEI and TMC. PEI modification increases GO interlayer spacing to suppress aggregation, while GO rigidity facilitates PEI chain extension to enhance the positive charge density, whereas residual carboxyl groups from NGO provide specific ion transport channels. Simultaneously, covalent reaction ensures NGO uniform and stable grafting and prevents acyl chloride hydrolysis, constructing a robust outer barrier layer. This strategy enhances membrane stability, acid-resistance, and antibacterial properties. Consequently, the membrane flux reaches 62.7 L·m −2 ·h −1 , and the Mg 2+ /Li + separation factor is 43.12. A two-stage separation factor reaches 170.21. This membrane technology holds significant application potential in lithium extraction from salt lakes.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 8
·542
·
IF 5.4
Chen Chong,Liu Yufei,Zhang Kai,Fan Qiao,Luo Tingting,Peng Shigui,Wei Lanlan,Yin Yucheng,He Min,Yu Jie
Wearable sweat sensors offer a promising technical approach for real-time personal health management due to their non-invasive, in situ, and continuous monitoring capabilities. This study presents a novel wearable non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor based on a PEDTM/rGO/AuNPs composite for continuous and non-invasive monitoring of sweat glucose. Leveraging the synergistic effects of hydroxymethyl-functionalized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDTM), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), the sensor significantly improves the electrocatalytic oxidation efficiency of glucose. At a low working potential of 0.2 V, the sensor demonstrates high sensitivity (362 µA·mM − 1 ·cm − 2 ) and a low detection limit (6.2 µM). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal the synergistic catalytic mechanism of the composite at the oxidation pathway level. To achieve stable and efficient sweat collection and real‑time analysis, the sensor is integrated with a microfluidic chip based on SDS/NaOH/PI nanofibers and a portable point-of-care testing (POCT) system, enabling on‑site visual monitoring of sweat glucose. Real‑time monitoring results indicate a strong correlation between the sweat glucose levels measured by the sensor and blood glucose concentrations. This work provides an effective material and device design strategy for constructing high‑performance, integrated non‑invasive glucose monitoring systems, offering significant theoretical value and application potential in the field of wearable health monitoring. Graphical abstract
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
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2026
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IF 2.6
Xu Guojuan,Zhang Weigang,Zhang Jialun,Xin Zhifeng
Ultra-low near-infrared reflectance coatings with a reflectivity of less than 10% at 1.06 µm are a research hotspot in the field of laser stealth. In this paper, various types of ultra-low near-infrared reflectance coatings were prepared using polyurethane (PU) as the binder and carbon nanotubes, carbon black, and graphite as the functional fillers. The effects of the types of carbon-based materials, the addition amount of fillers, and the particle size of graphite on the micro-structure, near-infrared reflectivity, and mechanical properties of the PU/carbon-based material composite coatings were systematically investigated. The results indicate that as the addition amount of carbon nanotubes increases, the reflectivity of the PU/carbon nanotubes composite coating towards 1.06 µm near-infrared light generally shows a gradual upward trend. When the addition amount of carbon nanotubes reaches 4 wt.%, the reflectivity of the coating towards 1.06 µm near-infrared light can be as low as 2.909%. As the addition amount of carbon black increases, the reflectivity of the PU/carbon black composite coating towards 1.06 µm near-infrared light generally shows a gradual downward trend. When the addition amount of carbon black reaches 10 wt.%, the reflectivity of the coating towards 1.06 µm near-infrared light can be as low as 2.319%. When the graphite addition amount is 8 wt.%, the reflectivity of the coating towards 1.06 µm near-infrared light can be as low as 2.601%. Under the optimal conditions of carbon-based material addition amount, the coating can achieve an ultra-low near-infrared reflectivity of less than 3% for 1.06 µm near-infrared light, demonstrating outstanding laser stealth performance. When the graphite particle size is 4000 mesh, the reflectivity of the PU/graphite composite coating to 1.06 µm near-infrared light can reach its lowest level (2.601%), while the coating maintains outstanding mechanical properties.
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NATURE
·
2026
·Vol. 656
·期 8126
·86-91
·
IF 56.1
Fang Qian,Wang Liming,Chang Kai,Yang Hongxin,Yan Pu,Cao Kecheng,Li Mian,Xue Jianming,Ouyang Xiaoping,Chai Zhifang,Huang Qing
Two-dimensional (2D) magnetic semiconductors are crucial for next-generation information storage and spintronic technologies 1 , 2 . MXenes, owing to compositional diversity and tunable properties, provide a platform for designing functional materials 3 , 4 , 5 . Incorporating lanthanides (Ln) introduces localized 4 f electrons with strong spin polarization, while potentially enabling semiconducting behaviour, offering a viable route to magnetic semiconductors 6 , 7 . However, the scarcity of MAX precursors and the susceptibility of Ln to dissolution in common etchants (for example, HF), compared with other M elements such as Mo, hinder the synthesis of lanthanide MXenes (Ln 2 CT 2 ) by conventional ‘top-down’ etching 8 . Here we propose a general ‘bottom-up’ methodology for synthesizing Ln 2 CT 2 (Ln = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Lu; T = Cl, Br) using layered halides as van der Waals building blocks. Multilayer Ln 2 CT 2 exhibits composition-tunable properties, characterized by optical absorption onsets spanning 1.26–1.71 eV, room-temperature resistivity of 0.329–36.1 Ω cm with a negative temperature coefficient, and low-temperature ferromagnetic hysteresis at 2 K accompanied by positive Curie–Weiss temperatures between 6 K and 59 K. Theoretical calculations show that the d -electron states around the Fermi level ( E f ) are largely diminished in bare Ln 2 C, whereas surface terminals further exhaust these states to open band gaps. Meanwhile, the highly localized 4 f electrons in Ln 2 CT 2 , located far from the E f , contribute to the spin splitting for the observed ferromagnetic behaviour. This combination of semiconducting and magnetic properties makes Ln 2 CT 2 a valuable candidate for spintronic device applications.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
·
IF 3.1
Wenqin Xu,Jinhui Chen,Caihong Zhuang,Qinhui Chen
A high loading conductive filler is typically required to reach the percolation threshold for composites; however, it leads to a decline in the material's physical and mechanical properties. Here, the conductive hydrogel (PAC-Ag-H-G) with a high-quality 3D interconnected network contained silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), hydroxylated carbon nanotubes (HCNT), and graphene (G) in the matrix of polyacrylic acid/chitosan (PAC) was fabricated. PAC-Ag-H-G showed stretchable properties, good toughness, and breaking strength fatigue resistance. Most importantly, thanks to the 3D interconnected network formed by the vertex-edge-face structure of Ag NPs-HCNT-G, the electrical conductivity of the hydrogel is significantly enhanced with the minimal addition of only 0.2% (relative to AA) of HCNT and GO, respectively. The conductivity of PAC-Ag-H-G1 is 4.27 times that of PAC. It had steady biological or non-biological adhesion and could sensitively detect human joint movements. Additionally, this hydrogel exhibited excellent antibacterial effects against Gram-positive bacteria ( S.aureus ) and Gram-negative bacteria ( E.coli ). PAC-Ag-H-G conductive hydrogel is expected to adhere directly to the human body or the humanoid robot joint bearings for flexible motion monitoring.
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ELECTROPHORESIS
·
2020
·Vol. 41
·期 15
·1326-1332
·
IF 3.081
Zhao-Yu Wu,Hao Zhang,Feng Li,Feng-Qing Yang
Xanthine oxidase (XOD) is a key enzyme in the human body to produce uric acid, and its inhibitor can be used for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. In this study, an online CE-based XOD immobilized enzyme microreactor (IMER) was developed for the enzyme kinetics assays and inhibitor screening. After 30 consecutive runs, the XOD activity remained about 95.6% of the initial immobilized activity. The Michaelis–Menten constant ( K m ) of the immobilized XOD was determined as 0.39 mM using xanthine as substrate. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration and inhibition constant of the known inhibitor 4-aminopyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine on XOD were determined as 11.9 and 5.2 μM, respectively. Then, the developed method was applied to evaluate the XOD inhibitory activity of 10 flavonoids, which indicated that dihydroquercetin, quercetin, biochanin A, and epicatechin had significant inhibitory effect on XOD. In addition, molecular docking results verified that the binding energy of the flavonoids with enzyme were in line with their inhibitory activity determined by XOD–IMER. Therefore, the developed XOD–IMER is a potential tool for the primary screening of XOD inhibitors from natural products.
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DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Qi Hu,Chenhao Xu,Yulong Hua,Cunkang Qi,Jing Zhang,Yuemin Wang,Chengchun Tang
To explore the improvement of microwave absorption performance of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) after doping with graphene quantum dots (GQDs). Herein, a series of point-layer structure BNNSs supported by GQDs composite absorbing materials were designed and prepared. The influence of the substrate on the wave absorption intensity was investigated by loading the same GQDs with BNNSs of different scales. Among them, the BG-1400 with BNNSs-1400 as the substrate and GQDs as the load has the best microwave absorption performance. Its minimum reflection loss ( RL min ) reaches −60.3 dB and the effective absorption frequency band is 8.5 GHz. In order to further analyze the factors influencing the effective absorption frequency bands of BNNSs/GQDs composites, BNG-1400 and BFG-1400 were prepared by loading N-GQDs and F-GQDs respectively on the BNNSs-1400 substrate, and their RL min and effective absorption frequency bands were -57.3 dB, −57.7 dB and 11.3 GHz, 13.4 GHz, respectively. The effective absorption frequency bands of BNG-1400 and BFG-1400 have been significantly improved compared with BG-1400.This indicates that the substrate size of the BNNSs/GQDs composite material can control its absorption intensity, while different doped elements in GQDs can adjust its effective absorption frequency band. This discovery lays the foundation for the research on the controllable adjustment of the wave absorption performance of BNNSs/GQDs composite absorbing materials.
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BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
·
2025
·
IF 10.5
Zihan Kou,Jiameng Li,Linlin Li,Qianlong Xue,Yuansen Chen,Yikuan Liu,Xiangyan Meng,Haojun Fan
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving technology for patients with severe cardiopulmonary failure. However, bleeding complications remain a major clinical challenge, largely due to high shear stress-induced Von Willebrand factor (VWF) dysfunction. Existing methods often lack timeliness and sensitivity for VWF detection in early bleeding risk assessment. Here, we proposed an electrochemical biosensor that combined Two-Step Synthesized graphene oxide-gold nanoparticles (rGO@AuNPs) nanocomposites modified screen-printed electrodes and a miniaturized wireless communication circuit for point-of-care testing (POCT) of VWF levels. The introduction of rGO@AuNPs significantly enhanced the sensing performance, achieving a low limit of detection of 0.39 pg/mL for VWF within 15 min. Moreover, there are Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.926 and 0.974 between the VWF biosensor and ELISA for porcine models and clinical samples. Notably, VWF degradation was associated with high shear stress, and VWF depletion was observed at the same time of APTT prolongation, suggesting its utility as a biomarker for bleeding risk. Its rapid, portable, and cost-effective design supports POCT, offering a promising tool for early monitoring and intervention in ECMO-related bleeding.
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