SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Xingrui Li,Zihao Ma,Jiangmin Guo,Yu Zhang,Tianmeng Ye,Shaojun Liu,Peng Xing,Hao Song,Weihong Wu,Chenghang Zheng,Xiang Gao
Recycling Li, P and Fe from cathodes of spent LiFePO 4 batteries plays a significant role in mitigation of Li resources shortage, as well as environmental protection. In this study, black mass from spent LiFePO 4 batteries were subjected to roasting at 600 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere to inhibit the oxidation of Fe 2+ . Then, Li, Fe and P in the black mass were successfully leached into the solution under optimal conditions (2 mol/L H 2 SO 4 , liquid to solid ratio of 10:1, temperature of 35℃, 300r/min stirring for 120 min), that achieved the initial separation of these elements from graphite and part of Al. Subsequently, a two-stage precipitation process, consisting of a cementation reaction followed by pH value adjustment, was employed to sequentially remove Cu and Al from the leaching solution. The total separation efficiencies for Cu and Al achieved 99.93 % and 95.37 % (based on contents of black mass), respectively. After separation of Cu and Al, 96.03 % of Li and 83.69 % of P present in the black mass were successfully recovered in the forms of Li 2 CO 3 and FePO 4 , respectively. The strategy developed herein provides valuable guidance for the resource utilization of P, Fe and Li, demonstrating promising potential for industrial-scale applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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环境科学
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电池回收
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冶金学
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DOI
高影响因子
ACTA PHYSICO-CHIMICA SINICA
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2025
·
IF 13.5
Hui Zhang,Zijian Zhao,Yajing Wang,Kai Ni,Yanfei Wang,Liang Zhu,Jianyun Liu,Xiaoyu Zhao
The development of high-mass-loading electrodes with robust ion transport characteristics is crucial for efficient electrochemical lithium extraction from brine. Herein, we report a solvent-free hot-pressing strategy to fabricate structurally engineered LiFePO 4 electrodes with enhanced electrochemical performance and mechanical stability. By integrating etched titanium foil as a current collector and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as a conductive additive, a three-dimensionally interconnected porous structure was formed, enabling accelerated ion diffusion and improved structural integrity. Micro-CT and Avizo-based analysis revealed that the dry press-coated electrodes possess higher porosity, lower tortuosity and more connected ion channels compared to conventional slurry-coated electrodes. Electrochemical tests demonstrated a significantly higher lithium-ion diffusion coefficient and lower charge transfer resistance of the dry press-coated electrodes. Under optimized conditions, the dry press-coated electrodes, possessing a mass loading of 19.4 mg·cm −2 , delivered a lithium extraction capacity of 4.13 mg·cm −2 with a purity of 93.91% over 15 cycles in simulated Uyuni brine. This work establishes a scalable hot-pressing method and elucidates its fundamental physicochemical advantages for lithium-selective electrochemical separation.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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储能技术
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2019
·Vol. 7
·期 36
·20633-20639
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IF 10.733
Huilin Xie,Chunli Li,Wang Hay Kan,Maxim Avdeev,Chenyou Zhu,Zhikun Zhao,Xiaorong Chu,Daobin Mu,Feng Wu
All solid-state batteries have received significant attention due to their excellent safety performance. As a key component, the garnet-type electrolyte is one of the best known electrolytes due to its air stability and good compatibility with metallic lithium. However, the total Li+ conductivity of this kind of electrolyte is usually lower than that of the bulk electrolyte primarily due to the grain boundary resistance. In this study, we focused on engineering the electrolyte Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) by introducing Li3BO3 (LBO) into it to form the electrolyte LLZTO/LBO with the aim to consolidate the grain boundary. Via characterization by both neutron and X-ray diffraction, the as-prepared LLZTO was indexed as a pure cubic phase, where Ta certainly substituted the Zr sites. LLZTO/LBO still maintained the cubic structure, and the B atoms did not occupy any cation sites in the unit cell. It was demonstrated that an amorphous phase of a boracic substance was trapped inside the cubic LLZTO phase. The amorphous boracic phase sutured the gaps among the LLZTO grains and then lowered the grain boundary resistance without introducing impurities, ultimately consolidating the solid-state electrolyte. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the total Li+ conductivity of LLZTO/LBO reached 5.47 × 10−4 S cm−1, much higher than those of the as-prepared Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) and LLZTO. Using LLZTO/LBO as an electrolyte, the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2/LiFePO4 hybrid solid battery showed an excellent cycling performance with the reversible capacity of 147.8 mA h g−1 at 0.2C for 100 cycles and the capacity retention of 93.8%. These results suggest that the consolidation of the grain boundary with LBO is a promising way to achieve an improved electrolyte, LLZO, with higher total Li+ conductivity.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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储能技术
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固态电池
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DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
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2011
·Vol. 56
·期 27
·10204-10209
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IF 3.65
Chang Su,Lihuan Xu,Botao Wu,Cheng Zhang
In this work, LiFePO 4 /C composites were prepared in hydrothermal system by using iron gluconate as iron source, and two feeding sequences during the preparation were comparatively studied. The morphology, crystal structure and charge–discharge performance of the prepared samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and galvanostatic charge–discharge testing. The results showed that the feeding sequences and iron gluconate seriously affected the microstructures and electrochemical properties of the resulting LiFePO 4 cathodes in lithium ion batteries. The spindle-shaped LiFePO 4 with hierarchical microporous structure self-assembled by nanoparticles has been successfully synthesized by synthesis route B. In addition, the cell performance of the synthesized LiFePO 4 by synthesis route B was better than that of LiFePO 4 by synthesis route A. Specially at high rates, the superior rate performance of the spindle-shaped LiFePO 4 /C microstructure (LFP/C-B) was revealed. And special reversible capacities of ∼118 and ∼95 mAh g −1 were obtained at rates of 2 C and 5 C, comparing to ∼96 and ∼68 mAh g −1 for LFP/C-A.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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储能技术
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纳米材料
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DOI
高影响因子
FIRE TECHNOLOGY
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2022
·Vol. 59
·期 3
·1181-1197
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IF 3.605
Cheng Siyuan,Hu Yuhang,Jiang Lihua,Dang Hongbin,Ding Yibin,Duan Qiangling,Xiao Huahua,Sun Jinhua,Wang Qingsong
Semi-solid lithium slurry battery is an important development direction of lithium battery. It combines the advantages of traditional lithium-ion battery with high energy density and the flexibility and expandability of liquid flow battery, and has unique application advantages in the field of energy storage. In this study, the thermal stability of semi-solid lithium slurry battery material system was investigated for the first time employing C80 micro-calorimeter. In this new electrode material system, the heat generation of the electrolyte is the decisive factor for its thermal stability. Then, the measurement of in-situ dynamic cycle heat generation of semi-solid lithium slurry battery indicated a lower heat generation than traditional lithium-ion battery. What’s more commendable is that its electrochemical performance is basically the same as traditional lithium-ion battery. In addition, through the HPPC test, the mechanism of semi-solid lithium slurry battery cycle heat generation was explained. So, in this work, a preliminary evaluation on the safety and cycling stability of semi-solid lithium slurry battery is carried out. The electrochemical performance test affirms the application prospects of semi-solid lithium slurry battery, and the evaluation on the fire safety provides a reference for the future industrial applications of semi-solid lithium slurry battery.
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DOI
高影响因子
INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS
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2022
·
IF 0.836
Yuanchao Cheng,Lei Zhou,Xiaolan Cai,Xudong Cui,Shaopeng Wu,Wenhao Pan,Wenhao Li
In this paper, high-energy ball milling method was used to prepare LiFePO4/C precursor and high temperature solid phase method to prepare LiFePO4/C cathode material. The influence of mixing process on the electrical performance and synthesis temperature of LiFePO4/C cathode material was studied by changing the ball milling time.The ball milling time selected in this paper is 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 h, and XRD, SEM and particle size analysis are used to characterize the properties of LiFePO4/C powder. The research results show that the LiFePO4/C powder obtained under the ball milling time of 1 h has the smallest particle size and uniform distribution. The XRD results also show that the LiFePO4/C phase obtained under this condition has good purity and crystallinity.The electrical performance of the LiFePO4/C material prepared after high-energy ball milling are tested. The results show that the first discharge specific capacity at 0.2 C rate is 163.3 m·Ah/g, which is 19.7% higher than that of the non-ball milled sample.The TG-DTA curve results show that the reaction temperature of the sample after high-energy ball milling is 454 °C, and the mass loss ends at about 570 °C. Compared with the sample without ball milling, the reaction temperature is reduced by 60 °C.The results of this study show that the preparation of precursor by high-energy ball milling can effectively improve the electrical performance of LiFePO4/C materials and reduce the material synthesis temperature.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2014
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IF 2.726
Changhuan Zhang,Yinzheng Liang,Lan Yao,Yiping Qiu
Binder-free LiFePO 4 –carbon nanofiber (LiFePO 4 –CNF) composites as lithium-ion battery cathode materials are fabricated by electrospinning and subsequent thermal treatments. The thermal decomposition behavior of the electrospun LiFePO 4 precursor–polyacrylonitrile (LiFePO 4 precursor–PAN) nanofiber composites and the reaction of the LiFePO 4 precursors during thermal treatment are investigated. The effects of thermal treatment parameters such as heating rate, temperature, and duration for stabilization and carbonization on the microstructure, morphology, carbon content, crystal structure of the composites, and electrochemical performance of the resultant half-cell are also studied. When the electrospun LiFePO 4 precursor–PAN nanofiber composites are first stabilized in air at 280 °C for 4 h with a heating rate of 2 °C min −1 and then carbonized in argon at 800 °C for 14 h with a heating rate of 2 °C min −1 , the obtained LiFePO 4 –CNF composites exhibit optimal electrochemical properties in terms of a higher initial discharge capacity, more stable charge–discharge cycle behavior, and better rate performance. The initial discharge capacity of the composites is 146.3 mA h g −1 at a rate of 0.5 C, while exhibiting a stable cycle performance up to 100 cycles. The results demonstrated that the LiFePO 4 –CNF composite cathode materials could be a promising candidate for next-generation lithium-ion batteries and the thermal treatment process is a critical step to prepare LiFePO 4 –CNF composites with optimal performances.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Today Energy
·
2025
·
IF 8.6
Yawen Gao,Luxiang Ma,Shuaifei Zhao,Chunxi Hai,Tiandong Chen,Junyi Zhang,Yan Zhao,Yanxia Sun,Shengde Dong,Xin He,Qi Xu,Xiaowang Wu,Caixiong Quan,Hongli Su,Yuan Zhou
Cost-effective and efficient lithium extraction technology is vital to foster the growth of lithium industry. This paper proposed a novel approach for the high value utilization of spent LiFePO 4 (S-LiFePO 4 ) in the field of lithium extraction from salt lakes was proposed using spent LiFePO 4 (S-LiFePO 4 ) as raw material. The anode, made from spent LiFePO 4 , is prepared via a sintering process, while FePO 4 , obtained through chemical oxidation, is used as the cathode. Compared with commercial LiFePO 4 , this system not only reduces the cost but also greatly shortens the preparation time of FePO 4 (only about 10min is required). And the electrochemical extraction system had a favorable lithium extraction capacity (29.25 mg/g) from actual brine, reducing the Mg/Li ratio from 61.4 to 0.8. This study not only achieved the low-cost preparation of electrode materials and facilitated the large-scale implementation of this process, but also proposed a high-value comprehensive utilization strategy for lithium-ion batteries recycling.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2024
·Vol. 171
·期 2
·020547
·
IF 3.1
Weida Li,Haoyan Gu,Hao Yang,Quanchen Li,Xinran Li,Yaping Wang,Guangchuan Liang
High volumetric energy density LiFePO4/C cathode materials were synthesized by wet ball milling, spray drying, and carbothermal reduction method using glucose and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as composite carbon sources and dodecyl polyglucoside (C12APG) as a milling aid. With the introduction of C12APG during the ball milling process, the prepared cathode materials have uniform particle size (100–200 nm in diameter) and regular primary particle morphology. In addition, PEG substitutes part of glucose as a carbon source, resulting in low carbon content and high graphitization of residual carbon after high-temperature calcination. The prepared LiFePO4/C cathode materials have a high powder compaction density (2.68 g cm−3) and excellent electrochemical performance (discharged capacities of 161.2 and 141.7 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C and 5 C, and cycle retention of 98.6% for 100 cycles at 1 C/1 C). This LiFePO4/C composite was assembled into 14500-type cylindrical batteries with a compaction density of 2.62 g cm−3 for the positive electrode. The volumetric energy densities of the positive electrode were 1135.18 Wh L−1 and 918.16 Wh L−1 at 0.2 C and 5 C, respectively.
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DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER TESTING
·
2024
·
IF 5
Guocheng Qi,Yunlong Wu,Yinghui Ding,Boming Zhang
In this work, the structural battery composite (SBC) full-cells based on carbon fiber (CFs) were fabricated using a three-step hot pressing method. LiFePO 4 (LFP) was loaded onto CF fabrics considering the influences of hot pressing parameters including the pressure and the temperature. The SBC full-cells were subsequently fabricated using the LFP loaded CF cathode, the CF anode, the glass fiber (GF) separator via a structural electrolyte (SE) filming process, followed by the second hot pressing. The multifunctional efficiencies were assessed for SBCs with SE containing different components. To reduce the capacity loss, the SBC was eventually encapsulated with the GF/Vinyl Ester prepreg and thermally cured in the third hot pressing. The capacity retention of the SBC was significantly improved after encapsulation. This work could be seen as a further step forward the engineering fabrication of the SBC full-cells based on both CF anodes and cathodes.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2022
·
IF 10.383
Ting-Ting Wu,Sijie Guo,Bing Li,Jin-Yang Li,Hong-Shen Zhang,Pei-Zhong Ma,Xing Zhang,Chang-Yu Shen,Xian-Hu Liu,An-Min Cao
The use of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) instead of those liquid ones has found promising potential to achieve both high energy density and high safety for their applications in the next-generation energy storage devices. Unfortunately, SSEs also bring forth challenges related to solid-to-solid contact, making the stability of the electrode/electrolyte interface a formidable concern. Herein, using a garnet-type Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZT) electrolyte as an example, we demonstrated a facile treatment based on the dip-coating technique, which is highly efficient in modifying the LLZT/Li interface by forming a MgO interlayer. Using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as a coordination polymer, uniform and crack-free nanofilms are fabricated on the LLZT pellet with good control of the morphological parameters. We found that the MgO interlayer was highly effective to reduce the interfacial resistance to 6 Ω cm2 as compared to 1652 Ω cm2 of the unmodified interface. The assembled Li symmetrical cell was able to achieve a high critical current density of 1.2 mA cm–2 at room temperature, and it has a long cycling capability for over 4000 h. Using the commercialized materials of LiFePO4 and LiNi0.83Co0.07Mn0.1O2 as the cathode materials, the full cells based on the LLZT@MgO electrolyte showed excellent cyclability and high rate performance at 25 °C. Our study shows the feasibility of precise and controllable surface modification based on a simple liquid phase method and highlights the essential importance of interface control for the future application of high-performance solid-state batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源存储
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Xin Zeng,Luxiang Ma,Jiacheng Li,Weiqing Lai,Huifang Li,Chaofei Song,Chunxi Hai,Shengde Dong,Yanxia Sun,Qi Xu,Xin He,Yuan Zhou
BO 3 3− lattice engineering expands LiFePO 4 channels for faster lithium extraction. • LFP-BO 3 electrodes provide good low-temperature performance. • LFP-BO 3 electrodes exhibit high selectivity in complex brine systems. To mitigate the sluggish lithium extraction kinetics of LiFePO 4 (LFP) constrained by intrinsic ionic channels in high-altitude, low-temperature salt lakes, this study employs a BO 3 3− lattice engineering strategy to induce lattice expansion and flexibilization in LFP by partially substituting PO 4 3− . Characterization confirms uniform BO 3 3− doping and dilated Li + channels. Electrochemical testing reveals that the optimized LFP-2%BO 3 electrode delivers outstanding kinetics, achieves an average lithium extraction of 9.8 mg·g −1 over eight cycles in the West Taijinar raw brine. Retaining 94.2% of its room-temperature Li + extraction capacity in a pure lithium solution at 0 °C, and achieves an average lithium adsorption of 20.21 mg·g −1 at −20 °C, which is more than twice that of the unmodified electrode. Furthermore, it enhances Li + selectivity while effectively suppressing the co-intercalation of Na + and Mg 2+ . The mechanism entails BO 3 3− widening channels and constructing robust transport networks to accelerate low-temperature ion migration. This study provides novel materials and theoretical insights for efficient lithium extraction from high-altitude, low-temperature salt lakes. Download: Download high-res image (236KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）