Advanced Sensor and Energy Materials
·
2026
·
IF 10.2
Haofan Liu,Yiting Huang,Jianxin Shi,Ya Ren,Xia Luo,Mariya Edeleva,Tong Qi,Liming He,Li Zhang,Yinchu Dong,Xide Dai,Ludwig Cardon,Xiaohong Li,Maling Gou
The integration of biotechnology and information technology has created a growing demand for high-performance flexible bio-electrodes. However, existing conductive polymer systems often struggle to simultaneously achieve high electrical conductivity, excellent stretchability, and high-resolution circuitry that are essential for soft bioelectronics. To address these challenges, we developed a light-curable, elastomeric bio-electrode consisting of a dual-network conductive hydrogel system combining PEDOT:PSS with a photo-crosslinkable Pluronic hydrogel. Utilizing digital light processing (DLP)-based 3D printing technology, this bio-electrode can be rapidly prototyped with customized, high-resolution electrode structures and tailored packaging. Subsequent acid treatment induces molecular chain rearrangement within the electrode, resulting in a denser network topology and significantly enhanced electrical conductivity. Consequently, these flexible electrodes exhibit excellent electrical performance exceeding 300 S/m, while maintaining remarkable flexibility and stretchability. The fabricated electrodes demonstrate good biocompatibility and are capable of delivering electrical stimulation to biological tissues or recording cortical neural signals. This approach provides an efficient strategy for customizing high-performance flexible bio-electrodes, holding significant promise for future medical applications.
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高影响因子
Nano-Micro Letters
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 1
·376
·
IF 38.5
Zhang Yuhui,Qiu Hui,Yang Jian,Cao Pengle,Wang Yu,Xie An-Quan,Zhang Ke-Qin,Wang Xiao-Qiao
A microfluidic spinning strategy is developed to fabricate PEDOT:PSS fibers with precisely engineered micro /nanoscale structures, effectively optimizing the trade-off between electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient.
The PEDOT:PSS fiber achieves a high conductivity of 2038 S cm −1 and a Seebeck coefficient of 29.7 μV K −1 , yielding a remarkable power factor of 179.8 μW m −1 K −2 among organic thermoelectric fibers.
PEDOT fiber-based radiation-modulated nonwoven fabric device generates an in-plane temperature gradient of 20 K under sunlight (0.84 sun), enabling continuous solar thermoelectric energy harvesting for powering wearable microelectronics.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 2
·263
·
IF 4.9
Ruiying Zhang,Yuanyuan Liu,Chaoqun Ji,Fengwei Sun,Shan Lin,Xu Cao,Qiang Wang,Lihui Chen,Jianguo Li
Flexible, intelligent color-changing windows with excellent color-switching capability and fast response time rely significantly on conductive composite layers composed of electrochromic materials and flexible, transparent substrates. Herein, we developed a high-performance electrochromic film (CPC) with mechanical, humidity, and temperature insensitivity by coating sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-dispersed PEDOT:PSS onto a CA film. In the CPC system, CMC not only effectively enhances interfacial bonding and compatibility between the hydrophobic CA film and the hydrophilic PEDOT:PSS but also enables uniform and stable deposition of PEDOT:PSS on the CA film. As a result, the designed CPC demonstrates a high optical modulation capability (the transmittance changes from 60.1% to 3%) and a response time of 2 s. In addition, the CPC features the advantages of mechanical-, humidity-, and temperature-insensitive electrochromic distinctions, where it outputs the stable coloring efficiency with 100-time bending treatment, various temperatures, and humidity in an all-day outdoor environment. The developed CPC electrochromic film offers new insights into promoting the structural simplification and sustainability of electrochromic materials.
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PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMER TESTING
·
2023
·
IF 5.1
Wei Wu,Hailan Zeng,Yanan Li,Haiyun Jiang,Jinqi Wu,Ziyu Li,Weili Zhang,Xiang Wang,Qiong Xue
Deep eutectic solvents (DES) doping is an important method to realize the preparation and modification of PEDOT:PSS films in aqueous solution, but there is no systematic research focusing on its action mechanism in polymerization process. A series of in-situ characterizations were conducted to investigate the effect of DES doping on properties and structure. The UV–Vis spectra indicated the DES doping can strengthen the π−π* stacking interaction and conjugation stabilization of PEDOT:PSS, and then lead to stronger photovoltaic conversion ability. The in situ FTIR spectra revealed the hydrogen bonds were incorporated into the polymer chain during polymerization process. The CV and SEM analysis results suggested that DES doping delayed passivation nucleation stage of PEDOT:PSS film in the thickness direction and remained a stable polymerization rate. The XPS spectra of S 2p proved DES doping decrease the interaction between PEDOT and PSS. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that the structure-induced effects of DES can trigger structural reorganization in line conformation of PEDOT:PSS/DESs. It is structure-induced effects of DES that delays passivation nucleation stage in polymerization and improves the optical absorption contrast, maximum current density and some other properties efficently.
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高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2025
·
IF 5.4
Huaqiu Sun,Xuehua Cao,Fengliang Liao,Honghong Wang,Yingying Zhou,Dong Jie,Xingyu Fan,Runjun Sun,Liang Wei
With the widespread use of electronic devices and the development of emerging technologies such as 5 G, the issue of electromagnetic radiation is becoming increasingly severe, posing a threat to human health. In response to the increasingly severe problem of electromagnetic radiation pollution, high-performance electromagnetic shielding fabrics were prepared successfully by optimizing the synthesis process of PEDOT:PSS and combining it with coaxial wet spinning technology. During the synthesis phase, the synthesis conditions of the PEDOT:PSS aqueous dispersion were optimized by adjusting the ratio of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT), sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS-Na), and deionized water, resulting in a reduction of its resistance to 381.7 Ω and a significant enhancement in conductivity. Based on the optimized PEDOT:PSS aqueous dispersion, carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and sodium alginate (SA) were further introduced to prepare four different kinds of coaxial structure fibers: SA-CNT@SA, P-SA-CNT@SA, SA-CNT@P-SA, and P-SA-CNT@P-SA. After weaving these fibers into fabrics, their electromagnetic shielding performance was systematically evaluated. The results showed that the P-SA-CNT@P-SA fiber fabric achieved the highest shielding effectiveness of 28.6 dB in the warp direction and 10 dB in the weft direction; its absorption effectiveness (SE A ) was significantly higher than its reflection effectiveness (SE R ), indicating that the fabric primarily employs an absorption-dominated shielding mechanism, effectively reducing secondary electromagnetic pollution. This study not only improves the conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance of the fibers but also considers environmental friendliness, providing new technical pathways and theoretical references for the development of efficient, flexible, and low secondary pollution electromagnetic shielding materials.
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高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Xiaoli Zhang,Ding Li,Guiqun Liu
Conducting polymer-based bioadhesive conductive hydrogel (CP-BCH) is widely used in bioelectronics for electronic devices and signal monitoring due to its good flexibility, biocompatibility, and electromechanical properties, making it a very promising bioelectronic material. However, the existing conducting bioadhesive hydrogels are commonly processed by inkjet printing, screen printing, and lithography, which have a series of defects such as low resolution, low aspect ratio, and complex procedures that hinder the rapid development of conducting polymers in the field of bioelectronics. 3D printing has significant applications in bioelectronic interfaces due to its unique and excellent processing methods (high operability, flexibility, recognition, and high operating accuracy). On the other hand, in signal monitoring, it is also necessary to solve the obstacles to achieving high-precision, accurate, and lasting signal detection due to the mismatch with low Young’s modulus adhesion substrates such as skin. The present study has developed a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)–poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)–poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) hydrogel based on the conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS, through a physical cross-link method. This hydrogel exhibits high resolution (∼60 μm) for various printed patterns. It possesses a high elongation at break (267%), a low Young’s modulus (∼12.79 kPa), a high electrical conductivity (4.43 S m–1), and strong adhesive capability to a variety of materials (over 28 kPa). This ultrasoft and universally strong adhesion could significantly improve the printing and application of bioelectronics such as high-resolution electrodes and high-precision biological signal monitoring.
研究领域:
生物电子学
·
材料科学
·
导电聚合物
·
3D打印技术
·
柔性电子学
·
生物医学工程
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Shasha Wei,Yichuan Zhang,Haicai Lv,Liang Deng,Guangming Chen
Although conjugated polymer/carbon nanotube (CNT) thermoelectric (TE) composites have witnessed explosive achievements in recent years, the in-depth mechanism of CNT network evolution and its influence on composite TE performance are still unclear. Herein, we systematically investigate the evolution of single-walled CNT (SWCNT) network structure with a wide SWCNT content range for poly (3,4-ethyienedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/SWCNT composites based on TE properties and atomic force microscopic (AFM) observations. The whole curves of TE performance can be divided into three regions with the increase of SWCNT loading. In Region I (< 20 wt% SWCNT), a percolation-like phenomenon is observed with an S-shape change of electrical conductivity and constant Seebeck coefficient, possibly due to the occurrence of SWCNT aggregates besides primary particles. Subsequently, because of energy-filtering effect, in Region II (SWCNT content between 20 wt% and 97.5 wt%), the electrical conductivity decreases, while the Seebeck coefficient gradually increases with increased SWCNT loading. With further increase of SWCNT content (Region III), the TE performances are almost independent of SWCNT content. In addition, the temperature dependence of TE performance and the stability of TE performance against mechanical bending cycles are studied. Finally, a prototype TE device based on PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT composite film is assembled, showing an open-circuit voltage and an output power of 6.6 mV and 1200 nW at a temperature difference of 60 K, respectively. The results are helpful to elucidate the mechanism of structure–property relations for conjugated polymer TE composites, and will benefit their practical applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
·
热电学
·
聚合物复合材料
·
能量转换
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高影响因子
Nanomaterials
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 19
·1274
·
IF 4.8
Kun Xu,Weiming Luo,Naichen Zhang,Yixin Cao,Xiaolei Li,Yujing Zhang,Yunqing Tang
Stable amplification of weak electrophysiological signals is important for low-voltage bioelectronic interfaces, but the gain and waveform fidelity of organic electrochemical transistor (OECT)-based amplifiers are strongly influenced by device characteristics and bias conditions. Herein, we develop a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) vertical organic electrochemical transistor (vOECT) common-source amplifier using an integrated solid-state electrolyte and investigate its bias-dependent amplification behavior. The fabricated vOECTs exhibits typical p-type depletion-mode operation, effective gate-controlled current modulation, and a maximum transconductance of 22 mS. Transient measurements show reversible current switching with response time constants of 0.909 and 0.635 ms, while repeated gate-voltage modulation over approximately 1000 s confirms stable cycling behavior. Based on the measured transfer and output characteristics, a common-source amplifier model is constructed to analyze the relationship between gate bias, bias resistance, output swing, and voltage gain. By optimizing the voltage-divider bias network, the amplifier achieves a voltage gain of approximately 3.374. The optimized circuit amplifies sinusoidal signals from 1 to 100 Hz and simulated ECG, EEG, and EOG waveforms while preserving their main temporal features and producing the expected phase-inverted output. Distortion and frequency-response analyses further show a 1% total harmonic distortion point at an input peak amplitude of 113 mV and a −3 dB cut-off frequency of 625 Hz. These results demonstrate the importance of bias optimization for achieving stable low-frequency voltage amplification in PEDOT:PSS vOECT common-source amplifiers.
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高影响因子
DYES AND PIGMENTS
·
2023
·
IF 4.5
Xingyun Gao,Yongzhen Wang,Mengjie Wu,Chao Zhi,Jiaguang Meng,Lan Zhang
Smart textiles with highly controllable and tunable color changes have attracted considerable attention because of their promising practical application functionality, such as military clothes, sensors, decorations, and protective purposes like information encryption and alert, including thermochromism , photochromism, electrochromism, etc. Among them, the color variation of stimulus-responsive fabric triggered by electricity is more conveniently and effectively controlled than the color change that relies on stimuli like temperature and ultraviolet radiation. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfo-nate) (PEDOT:PSS) are one kind of the most promising electrochromic materials. Currently, electrochromic fabrics (ECFs) based on PEDOT:PSS is still hindered by relatively poor conductive efficiency and complex structure. Here, we developed a multicolor ECFs with a simplified structure using polyester (PET) fabric, PEDOT:PSS/dimethy sulfoxide (DMSO), ionic liquids as an electrochromic container, a conductive color-changing layer and ion transfer medium, respectively. Therein, PEDOT:PSS enhanced conductivity by changing the conformation with DMSO. The conductive solution PEDOT:PSS/DMSO was coated on the flexible PET substrates and then treated with ionic liquids as a conductive layer and redox reactions functional layer to realize the color-changing. These ECFs exhibited impressive electrochromic behavior with color-changing between light blue and dark blue. Moreover, the device was endowed with hydrophobicity and self-cleaning by spraying commercially available hydrophobic agents. To overcome the monochromatic color-changing capacity of traditional ECFs, subtractive principle was introduced to design multicolor electrochromic fabric. Multicolor electrochromic along with excellent flexibility, stability, and lightweight features, are practical for camouflage applications, such as the reversible yellow-green conversion that can adapt to land and grass fighting scenes. We believe the simple-structured multicolor electrochromic fabric would be promising for flexible display in any textile-based markets, such as adaptive camouflage.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
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高影响因子
Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials
·
2024
·Vol. 7
·期 4
·1-13
·
IF 23.2
Li Mufang,Chen Huijun,Zhao Jiale,Xia Ming,Qing Xing,Wang Wen,Liu Qiongzhen,Lu Ying,Luo Mengying,Zhu Xiufang,Wang Dong
The increased human demand for an intelligent life puts forward a great requirement for lightweight, stretchable, and comfort sensing and energy harvesting devices. Stretchable thermoelectric fiber becomes very attractive due to it can directly convert human body waste heat into electricity and enables stress, strain, and temperature sensing by designing the structure of the materials. However, the preparation of stretchable poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) fibers with enhanced performances and continuous p-n alternating structure remains a challenge. In this study, the stretchable continuous p-n alternating thermoelectric fibers were prepared by a simple and controllable microfluidic wet-spinning process, in which the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT)/PEDOT:PSS/polyurethane (PU) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) doped SWCNT/PEDOT:PSS/PU were used as p- and n-type segments, respectively. To optimize the performances, the effect of SWCNT and PEI concentration on the morphology, thermoelectric, and mechanical properties of p- and n-type fibers were analyzed. The power factor of the p- and n-type fibers were 2.67 and 3.48 µW m −1 K −2 , respectively, with a stress of 16 ~ 19 MPa and strain of 70%. Then, the strain and temperature sensors were constructed by the stretchable TE fibers and used for respiration and motion monitoring, showing excellent sensitivity and stability. All the results demonstrate the multifunctions of the stretchable TE fibers used as flexible wearable electronics.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
·
柔性电子
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DOI
高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 4.8
Qi Guo,Yuhao Zhang,Luting Yan,Xiaoya Meng,Yue Wang,Hongguo Zhai,Xiaofeng Chen,Xia Sun,Yemin Guo,Yanyan Zhang
The use of low-cost working electrodes is of great importance for the development of sensor industrialization. Acupuncture needles electrode (ANE) was selected as working microelectrode, a sensor was designed based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS) and chitosan (CS) modified covalent organic frameworks (COFs) (CS/COFs) for detection of cadmium (Cd(II)). First, a mixture of PEDOT and PSS was electrodeposited on the surface of the acupuncture needles to synthesize a PEDOT: PSS as conductive polymeric film to support the electron transfer capability and enhance the conductive efficiency of the sensor. Then, CS/COFs was self-assembled and attached to the PEDOT: PSS/ANE surface by π-π stacking intermolecular interaction forces and the viscosity of CS, thus increasing the specific surface area of the electrode. Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) was used as the electrochemical method for detection of Cd(II). And the results indicated that the CS/COFs/PEDOT: PSS/ANE was linearly responsive in the range of 400 μg/L to 2400 μg/L, and the LOD was 13.8 ng/L for Cd(II). The constructed sensor also showed great selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. Additionally, the sensor demonstrated outstanding recovery in the detection of Cd(II) in real sample scallops. This sensing construction method based on acupuncture needles as working electrodes is of great significance to the development of sensor industrialization and aquatic product safety detection.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
环境科学
·
食品安全检测
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Engineering Materials
·
2024
·
IF 0
Yan Liao,Jian Li,Chenyi Wang,Qiang Ren
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(sodium styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is widely used in many aspects due to its good electrical conductivity. However, the low solid content of the PEDOT:PSS aqueous dispersion hinders its further application. Aiming to address this problem, a kind of novel “long-armed” crosslinked microspheres (cPBA@PSS), with crosslinked poly(butyl acrylate) as the core and poly(sodium styrenesulfonate) as the “long arm”, is synthesized via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) soap-free emulsion polymerization. With the “long-armed” crosslinked microspheres as the template, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(butyl acrylate-co-sodium styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:cPBA@PSS) with a high solid content and low viscosity is successfully fabricated. The structures of cPBA@PSS are confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A PEDOT:cPBA@PSS aqueous dispersion with a solid content as high as 25 wt % is obtained by using long-armed crosslinked microspheres as the template due to the reduction of the entanglement between macromolecules. The kinetic study shows that the solid content of the dispersion has little effect on the polymerization rate of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT). However, the viscosity of PEDOT:cPBA@PSS aqueous dispersions increases with an increase in the solid content. A PEDOT:cPBA@PSS aqueous dispersion with a solid content of up to 25 wt % shows a viscosity of about 37 mPa·s. The effect of the solid content on the transparency of PEDOT:cPBA@PSS films is studied, and no significant impact on film transparency is observed. The transmittance of the films at 550 nm is over 80%. The conductivity of the PEDOT:cPBA@PSS film increases with an increase in the solid content of the dispersion. The PEDOT:cPBA@PSS aqueous dispersion with a solid content of 25 wt % shows a conductivity of 0.68 S/cm when the ratio of PEDOT to cPBA@PSS is 1:1. The conductivity of the PEDOT:cPBA@PSS film can also be enhanced by secondary doping of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the conductivity of the PEDOT:cPBA@PSS film can be increased to about 3.82 S/cm. This study shows that the use of the long-armed crosslinked microsphere cPBA@PSS as a template is an effective method to fabricate PEDOT aqueous dispersions with a high solid content and low viscosity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
电化学
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DOI
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）