Frontiers in Pharmacology
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2026
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IF 5.4
Xuanzhi Luo,Yuan Zeng,Xue Wang,Mujin Li,Ya-Lei Wang,Tiantian Peng,Cuiyan Ma,Qian Hua
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) remains a therapeutic challenge with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a natural metabolite from licorice, has shown anti-tumor potential, but its pharmacological effects in GBM and the underlying mechanisms require systematic investigation. Methods The anti-GBM activity of GA in vitro was evaluated in GBM cells using CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing, and flow cytometry assays. Intracranial and subcutaneous GBM models in C57BL/6 and nude mice were established to assess the in vivo pharmacological effects of GA. An integrative approach combining network analysis, transcriptomic sequencing, and TCGA data analysis was employed to explore key genes and pathways. Molecular docking predicted GA binding to MAPK11, and Western blotting assessed its impact on p38 signaling pathway. Results GA significantly inhibited GBM cell proliferation, migration, and induced apoptosis in vitro . In vivo , GA treatment markedly suppressed tumor growth in both intracranial and subcutaneous models, with no observed toxicity. Integrated bioinformatics analysis revealed that high MAPK11 (p38-pathway) expression was significantly associated with poor patient prognosis in TCGA. Molecular docking confirmed a strong binding affinity between GA and MAPK11. Mechanistically, GA downregulated MAPK11 expression, activated p38 signaling pathway, and subsequently suppressed the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Conclusion This study demonstrats that GA exerted potent anti-GBM effects by regulating p38 signaling pathway, provides novel mechanistic insights, and positions its as a promising therapeutic candidate against GBM.
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MOLECULAR CANCER RESEARCH
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2026
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IF 5.8
Han Tianci,Xie Junwei,Tong Wei,Zhang Liang
The poor prognosis of esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) highlights the need to identify novel targets for ESCA treatment. We found that inhibitor of differentiation 4 (ID4) was decreased in ESCA tumor tissues and its expression was associated with the survival of ESCA patients. However, the role of ID4 in ESCA remains unclear. Here, in this study, we found that overexpression of ID4 suppressed the cell proliferation of ESCA in vitro as well as tumor growth in vivo, whereas knockdown of ID4 presented the opposite trend. On the other hand, ESCA cells with overexpression of ID4 reduced macrophage migration and M2 polarization. However, significant increases in macrophage migration and M2 polarization were observed in cultures with ID4 silence. Interestingly, CCL2 was found to mediate the function of ID4 on macrophage polarization. Mechanistically, we identified for the first time that ID4 interacted physically with TCF4 to inactivate TCF4 transcriptional activity, which led to a decrease in CCL2 expression. Moreover, RNA binding protein cell cycle associated protein 1 (CAPRIN1) bound to ID4 mRNA and downregulated its stability, which may contribute to its low expression in ESCA. Taken together, these results support a novel hypothesis that ID4 downregulation may contribute to the development of ESCA by interacting with TCF4, resulting in abnormal proliferation of ESCA cells and tumor-associated macrophage infiltration. ID4 may contribute to the innovation of ESCA biotherapy.
Implications: ID4 inhibits ESCA through suppresses cancer cell proliferation and macrophage M2 polarization, and ID4 could be a potential prognostic marker for patients with ESCA.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 12.5
Kaiyue Cai,Rongfu Huang,Dazhen Li,Baicang Liu,Igor Ying Zhang
Efficient and sustainable degradation of antibiotic pollutants remains a major challenge in electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. Here, we report a tungstate-assisted electro-Fenton strategy that enables rapid removal of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) at near-neutral pH, in which the oxidant is generated in situ from dissolve oxygen to drive the electro-Fenton process without the need for external oxidants. Sodium tungstate (Na 2 WO 4 ), serving as both electrolyte and redox co-catalyst, facilitates homogeneous Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ cycling and in situ hydrogen peroxide generation, while also inducing the formation of a conformal FeWO 4 interfacial layer on the iron anode. Kinetic studies show a pseudo-first-order rate constant of 0.1560 min −1 , representing more than a 14-fold enhancement over conventional Na 2 SO 4 electrolyte. Comprehensive characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Nyquist plots have indicated the dynamic nucleation of the FeWO 4 layer. Results of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy combined with radical scavenging tests revealed that the layer promotes surface-bound hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation, while suppressing iron dissolution and sludge formation. Additionally, UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis identified key SMX degradation intermediates, confirming both homogeneous and interfacial oxidation pathways. Notably, Raman spectroscopy analysis detected the formation of peroxotungstate species (e.g., WO 2 (O 2 ) 2 2− ), indicating tungstate's participation in redox-mediated radical generation. Therefore, the co-designed electrolyte-electrode system integrates bulk-phase catalysis and interface-directed activation, achieving high degradation efficiency while reducing pollutant toxicity. This work offers a modular strategy for electrolyte-guided interfacial engineering and presents a practical design paradigm for electrochemical removal of sulfonamide antibiotics and similar micropollutants.
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Nature Communications
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2026
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IF 18.1
Mao Congyang,Jin Wanyu,Dou Limeng,Guo Tong,Huang Jin,Wang Yi,Liu Xiangmei,Wu Shuilin,Qiao Wei,Xiang Yiming,Zhu Yizhou,Wu Jun,Yeung Kelvin Wai Kwok
The pandemic-scale progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) necessitates innovative interventions targeting the pathogenic triad of insulin resistance, dysregulation of lipid metabolism, and gut microbiome dysbiosis. Here, we report a synthetically bioengineered probiotic consortium (REcN-F/Ca) developed through directed metabolic adaptations of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) under iterative hydrogen peroxide selection, subsequently functionalized with fructooligosaccharide-calcium carbonate composites. REcN-F/Ca exhibits enhanced reactive oxygen species tolerance through upregulated antioxidant enzymes and hydrogen sulfide-mediated redox balancing, alongside improved gastrointestinal survivability. In high-fat diet-induced obese male mice, REcN-F/Ca restores gut microbiota diversity, enriches butyrogenic taxa (Lachnospiraceae and Blautia ), and rescues short-chain fatty acids depletion. Transcriptomic profiling reveals PPAR signaling activation, driving lipid metabolism and suppressing adipose inflammation. These effects translate to systemic metabolic improvements with attenuated weight gain (−25.4%), restored glucose homeostasis, and reduced insulin resistance (HOMA-IR: −73.2%) in the obesity and T2DM murine model. Our findings establish REcN-F/Ca as a synthetically engineered probiotic that simultaneously corrects intestinal ecological perturbations and reverses host metabolic dysfunction, proposing a paradigm for metabolic syndrome management.
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Small
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2026
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IF 11.8
Yitian Zhang,Dianji Li,Minhao Liu,Ziqing Tang,Hui Yu,Min You,Qiang Chen,Xi Ding
Highly wet, dynamic, inflammatory, and fouling environments were significant challenges in the healing of diabetic oral ulcers. Inspired by the oral mucosa, a wet-adhesion Janus hydrogel (WAJH) with asymmetric bifunctionalities of antifouling/antioxidant was proposed for diabetic oral ulcer treatment. In the WAJH, the antifouling layer was composed of the agar/polyacrylamide double-network (Agar/PAAm DN) hydrogel, and the wet-adhesive layer was constructed by the poly(acrylic acid-co-2-phenoxyethyl acrylate)/tannic acid (PAEA/TA) hydrogel. The antifouling layer mimicked the oral epithelium to prevent pollutant invasion, and the adhesive layer imitated the basement membrane of oral mucosa to adhere firmly to wet diabetic oral ulcers. Importantly, the adhesion energies of the two layers were distinctly different, measuring 15 J m −2 for the antifouling layer and 316 J m −2 for the adhesive layer, respectively. Notably, TA not only significantly enhanced the toughness and wet adhesion but also endowed the WAJH with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and antioxidant capabilities. The WAJH remarkably accelerated the healing of oral ulcer by inhibiting inflammation at the ulcer, promoting angiogenesis, and promoting re-epithelialization in vivo. Consequently, the WAJH with antifouling and antioxidant exhibited promising prospects in the clinical treatment of diabetic oral ulcer.
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Advanced Healthcare Materials
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2026
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IF 11
Hongmei Deng,Ziwei Xiang,Ketao Yan,Yuzhu Long,Wei Wang,Huayu Xiong
The clinical care of diabetic chronic wounds faces the dilemma that traditional dressings cannot simultaneously achieve real-time status monitoring and synergy treatment, while existing intelligent dressings are restricted in clinical application due to their reliance on external power sources. To tackle this, this study develops a self-powered enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC) with protein hydrogel patch electrodes for personalized and intelligent wound care. Using bovine serum albumin/polypyrrole as the electrode scaffold, the cathode patch is fabricated with zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), while the anode patch is constructed by incorporating glucose oxidase-loaded ZIF-8. Inside, enzymatic cascades leverage hyperglycemia to generate antibacterial reactive oxygen species, which synergize with near-infrared photothermal effects to boost antibacterial efficacy; meanwhile, inter-electrode microelectric fields accelerate cell migration. It also monitors battery output voltage to provide real-time feedback on wound glucose levels for wound assessment. Integrating synergistic antibacterial activity, migration acceleration, and real-time monitoring, this EBFC creates an integrated diabetic wound diagnosis-treatment platform. In vitro/in vivo tests confirm its good biocompatibility, effective promotion of infected diabetic wound healing, and potential to advance intelligent wound care as a novel biomedical strategy.
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JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
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2026
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IF 9.2
Shanshan Feng,Ke Liu,Donghui Li,Lixiang Shi,Wenqi Nie,Shiduo Hao,Yunpu Zhai,Yonggang Liu
The photo-Fenton method presents a promising approach for wastewater treatment, yet it faces several significant challenges, including the continuous supply of H 2 O 2 , slow mass transfer rates and a limited operational pH range. In this context, we describe the successful preparation of a novel catalyst: n-p type graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets engineered with nitrogen vacancies and decorated with Cu 2 O-T, which is characterized by controllable crystal planes. This photo-self-Fenton-like catalyst is designed for the in-situ production and activation of H 2 O 2 . The optimized catalyst, CNC-20, demonstrates remarkable efficiency in degrading various organic pollutants, showcasing high cyclic stability and wide applicability. Notably, CNC-20 achieves a degradation rate of 98.8% for tetracycline hydrochloride within 60 min, with a reaction rate constant 4.2 times greater than that of pristine carbon nitride. Characterization studies illustrate that the construction of ultrathin carbon nitride nanosheets featuring nitrogen vacancies, combined with the co-exposure of Cu 2 O-T crystalline planes (111) and (100), significantly enhances carrier separation efficiency, thereby facilitating effective H 2 O 2 generation. Furthermore, Cu 2 O-T plays a crucial role in the direct capture of in-situ generated H 2 O 2 , rapidly activating it to generate abundant ·OH, which effectively mitigates the issue of slow mass transfer associated with H 2 O 2 . This study presents a novel approach integrating in-situ H 2 O 2 generation and activation, effectively overcoming the inherent limitations of traditional photo-Fenton reactions and providing a promising strategy for pollutant degradation in wastewater treatment systems.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
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2026
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IF 5.8
Longying Zhao,Jiayu Chen,Donglin Xiang,Mierban Dawuti,Laping He,Yuangen Wu,Han Tao
Residual organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) in food pose a severe threat to public health, necessitating simple and sensitive on-site analytical methods. In this study, a signal-off electrochemical sensing platform for OPs was constructed based on the OP-induced inhibition of silver deposition triggered by red kidney bean esterase (RKBE), coupled with the signal amplification of a CuNi dual-atom catalyst (CuNi-DAC). RKBE catalyzes the hydrolysis of α-naphthyl acetate to produce α-naphthol, which reduces Ag⁺ to Ag 0 deposited on the electrode. The electroactive Ag 0 undergoes oxidation to generate a prominent oxidation current, providing a sensitive sensing signal for detection. CuNi-DAC modification of the electrode accelerates charge transfer, provides more active sites, and effectively amplifies the sensing signal. Upon exposure to OPs, the activity of RKBE is inhibited, thereby suppressing the production of α-naphthol. This leads to a diminished Ag 0 generation and subsequent a weakened oxidation current. The decrease degree of current signal shows a positive correlation with pesticide concentration. Under optimized conditions, the fabricated sensing platform exhibits a good linear response range of 10 pmol/L-1000 pmol/L for fenthion with a low detection limit of 5.4 pmol/L. Spiked recoveries in cabbage and apple samples ranged from 93.3% to 108.5%, validating the sensing platform's practicality and reliability. This work offers a facile and cost-effective electrochemical sensing approach for on-site screening of OPs.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 8.7
Chunjing Guo,Yuxin Cao,Yiyang Sun,Zhongqiang Sun,Xiaopeng Tong,Xiangzhen Tan,Yuxiu Chen,Xuemei Wang,Xinxin Wang,Xiaowei Liu,Weili Yang,Xiaoping Zhang,Daquan Chen
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that primarily affects the colon and rectum and is characterized by diffuse, superficial inflammation of the colonic mucosa. The excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a pivotal role in immune dysregulation and the pathogenesis of UC. However, current treatment options are limited by poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and systemic side effects due to the lack of targeted delivery. Therefore, there is an urgent need for therapies capable of specifically scavenging ROS. In this study, we developed a ROS-responsive nanoscavenger system, Fucoidan-TK-Resveratrol@Curcumin (FTR@Cur), based on the marine-derived polysaccharide fucoidan, and loaded with the natural compound curcumin (Cur) for the treatment of UC. The nanoscavenger was constructed using fucoidan (Fuc) as the hydrophilic backbone, while resveratrol (Res) was conjugated via a ROS-sensitive thioketal (TK) linker, enabling targeted ROS clearance. The resulting FTR@Cur nanoparticles had a mean particle size of 92.17 nm, a zeta potential of −22.2 mV, and an encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of 69.0% and 5.5%. FTR@Cur exhibited excellent ROS-scavenging ability and biocompatibility, effectively modulating the inflammatory and immune microenvironment in the colon. This system enhanced colonic barrier function, reduced inflammation, and offers a promising therapeutic strategy for UC.
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Pharmaceutics
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2026
·Vol. 18
·期 2
·253
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IF 6.9
Xiwen Zeng,Sizhuo Liu,Qianhui He,Yanwen Ling,Jingqi Sun,Yang Ping,Jin Su
Background: Liver cancer is a complex malignant tumor; gambogic acid (GA) has significant anti-cancer potential, but poor water solubility and low bioavailability limit its clinical application. In this paper, by integrating nanocrystal (NC) technology and an active targeting strategy, a new nanoagent—folic acid-modified phospholipid–gambogic acid nanocrystals (GA-NCs@FA)—was developed to improve the delivery efficiency and therapeutic effect of GA in the treatment of liver cancer.Methods: GA-NCs@FA was prepared by the CO2-assisted precipitation method and the thin-film hydration method. The in vitro anti-tumor activity of GA-NCs@FA was evaluated by cytotoxicity, as well as a scratch and uptake test. A HepG2 tumor-bearing nude mouse model was established to investigate the in vivo distribution and tumor targeting of GA. The in vivo anti-tumor activity was evaluated by the tumor inhibition rate, and the pathological changes of organs in each group were observed by H&E staining.Results: GA-NCs@FA significantly reduced HepG2 cell viability (IC50: 0.50 μg·mL−1) and migration ability (48 h healing rate: 11.50%) and enhanced intracellular fluorescence intensity. In vivo analysis showed that GA-NCs@FA significantly increased the accumulation of drugs in tumor tissues by active targeting and achieved a tumor growth inhibition rate of 70.9%. Histopathology confirmed that GA-NCs@FA induced the most obvious nuclear pyknosis and necrosis in tumor tissues while maintaining good biosafety.Conclusions: GA-NCs@FA significantly prolongs the systemic circulation time of the drug and enhances intratumoral accumulation; therefore, it is a method that can be considered for active targeting and treatment of liver cancer.
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ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
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2026
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IF 6
Jie Bai,Ying Bao,Shan Li,Zicheng Guo,Jie Xu,Rong Huang,Jing Yang,Cunqin Lv,Jianhong Liu,Dinglin Zhang
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) exert critical influence in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Metal–polyphenol nanoparticles (MPNs) have exhibited a promising ability to regulate ROS levels and restore homeostasis in the context of IBD. However, the relationship between therapeutic efficacy and the type of MPNs requires further investigation. In this research, we synthesized tailorable MPNs by using epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Mg2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, and Cu2+ and investigated their therapeutic efficacy for IBD. In vitro experiments confirmed that these MPNs exhibited pH and ROS responsiveness, increased the stability of EGCG, and improved ROS elimination. In vivo experiments demonstrated that these MPNs can effectively accumulate at sites of colonic inflammation after intraperitoneal injection and can continuously scavenge ROS, downregulate inflammatory factors, and restore the intestinal barrier integrity. Compared with other MPNs, Zn-EGCG nanoparticles (NPs) significantly alleviate symptoms of DSS-induced acute colitis in mice. Our work provides strong evidence to support the rational design of MPNs to regulate inflammation.
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BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
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2026
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IF 6.5
Man Gao,Xue Yang,Xiuxia Wang,Tong Liu
Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-specific disorder characterized by placental dysfunction and severe maternal-fetal complications, involves ferroptosis—an iron-dependent cell death driven by oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. This study investigated the role of zinc-finger protein 36 (ZFP36) in regulating ferroptosis in trophoblast cells and its underlying mechanisms. In vitro , hypoxia/reoxygenation was applied to human trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo cells to model ischemic injury. ZFP36 was found to inhibit oxidative stress and ferroptosis by suppressing nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4)-mediated ferritinophagy. Mechanistically, ZFP36 binds to the 3′ untranslated regions (3′UTRs) of NCOA4 mRNA, promoting its degradation and thereby attenuating ferritinophagy. In vivo , lentiviral overexpression of ZFP36 in a rat model of PE (induced by reduced uteroplacental perfusion pressure) alleviated clinical symptoms and reduced NCOA4-mediated ferroptosis. Collectively, these results demonstrate that ZFP36 regulates ferroptosis by modulating NCOA4-dependent ferritinophagy, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for PE through targeting ferroptosis.
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