CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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2025
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IF 3.7
Zhengtao Wei,Xiaofei Wang,Xuliang Lin,Xueqing Qiu
The emission of organic pollutants from the dye industry and medical treatment represents a significant threat to the quality of water resources and human health. The development of green, environmentally friendly and efficient photocatalysts for the removal of organic pollutants from the environment is of paramount importance in addressing these issues. Flower-like lignin-derived carbon (LC)/zinc oxide (ZnO) composites with controllable morphology were synthesized via a direct precipitation method. In this study, alkali lignin was employed as an anionic active agent to alter the molecular arrangement on the liquid surface during the synthesis reaction and to reduce the surface tension between mixtures, thereby forming a special stacked morphology, which was then used for the highly efficient removal of methylidene blue (MB) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) in water under different light conditions. The formation mechanism of LC/ZnO and the degradation characteristics under different reaction conditions were investigated. The loading of LC can form composites with large specific surface area and rich porous structure. In addition, with the help of lignin, the morphology of ZnO was changed from a rod-like structure to a lamellar structure, and LC could effectively reduce the band gap of ZnO, which could improve the electron transfer rate in the photocatalytic process. The ·O₂⁻ and ·OH radicals generated under photoexcitation promoted the decomposition of pollutants. This study presents a simple, economical, and scalable method for the application of photocatalysts and explores new ways for the high-value application of industrial lignin.
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GREEN CHEMISTRY
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2025
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IF 9.2
Yukang Fan,Dongjie Yang,Fangbao Fu,Xueqing Qiu,Wenli Zhang
Nitrogen and oxygen co-doped porous carbon holds considerable potential for enhancing zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) in large-scale energy storage. However, designing high-performance carbonaceous cathodes with accessible active sites and efficient ion transport pathways remains challenging. Herein, we employed a multi-scale assembly strategy to construct lignin-based organic–inorganic supramolecular aggregates (LSA) to prepare nitrogen and oxygen co-doped porous carbon nanosheets (S-NLPC), achieving an exceptionally high specific surface area of 2848.1 m2 g−1, a hierarchical porous structure, and substantial levels of nitrogen and oxygen doping (N: 4.0 at% and O: 8.9 at%). The carbon nanosheets saturated with customized micro–mesopores significantly enhance the kinetics of ion transport and storage, while the nitrogen and oxygen doping improves the accessibility of high-density active sites and introduces additional chemisorption sites. As a result, the ZIHCs utilizing S-NLPC as the cathode demonstrate an enhanced specific capacitance of 433 F g−1 (192.4 mA h g−1), superior energy density of 154.3 W h kg−1 at 80.2 W kg−1, and remarkable cycling stability with a capacity retention of 90.2% after 20 000 cycles at 5 A g−1. Furthermore, ex situ characterization reveals that the superior zinc ion storage performance of S-NLPC is primarily attributed to the reversible chemisorption of oxygen functional groups and the co-adsorption mechanism of Zn2+ and H+. This work presents a novel strategy for constructing lignin-based inorganic–organic aggregates utilizing multi-scale forces, providing new insights into the structural design of carbon-based cathodes for high-performance ZIHCs.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Xing Long,Yadan Luo,Zhi Luo,Yiyan Wu,Baojie Liu,Chengrong Qin,Chen Liang,Caoxing Huang,Shuangquan Yao
Microplastic contamination of low-density polyethylene mulch and nutrient loss from fertilizers present significant challenges in the crop-growing. In this study, the focus was on creating a biodegradable film that combines the advantages of plastic film, thermal insulation and water retention, as well as the controlled release of fertilizer. A key innovation was the efficient introduction of low molecular weight and low dispersibility of poplar lignin into chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol matrices. The lignin was extracted using deep eutectic solvents of binary carboxylic acids (choline chloride and maleic acid). The refined lignin was used as a superhydrophobic additive to improve the mechanical properties, hydrophobicity, and controlled nutrient release properties of the films through cross-linking. The mulch attained a tensile strength of 37.6 MPa, an elongation of 644.1 %, and a precise release of 53.1 % urea over 30 d at the ideal lignin content ratio (10 %). Furthermore, the film proficiently regulated soil temperature and moisture content. Successful enhancement of cabbage growth was achieved by actual measurements. This discovery provides innovative ideas for the development of nutrient slow-release high-strength integrated agricultural mulching films to promote sustainable, high-quality green agriculture.
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PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2024
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IF 13.3
Feng Chen,Xuebin Lin,Wei Chen,Na Wen,Yanqiao Jin
The design of a highly active Cu-Co catalyst for catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis of lignin without the use of external hydrogen remains highly challenging. In this work, Cu 2 O was initially encapsulated in ZIF-67, and subsequently Cu 2 O@ZIF-67 was utilized as a precursor and sacrificial template to prepare the unique double core–shell hollow nanocage CuO@Co 3 O 4 . Co and Cu, serving as Lewis acid sites and dehydrogenation sites for the hydrogen-donor solvent isopropanol, respectively, exhibited synergistic enhancement, further increasing the catalytic activity. Under the optimal conditions of 220 °C, 1 MPa N 2 , and 4 h, the catalyst achieved 100 % conversion of 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol and 100 % yield towards cyclohexanol and ethylbenzene. Furthermore, the catalyst remained stable and reusable after 5 cycles, providing a practicable guidance for the value-added conversion of lignin.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 2.7
Man Liu,Tong Song,Xuan Wu,Qian Li,Shiwei Wang
In this paper, the foamed polylactic acid (PLA) composites with different ratios of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and lignin (Lg) are prepared. Molecular dynamics simulation analysis indicates that the fillers enhance the mechanical properties of the composites. The optimal foaming temperatures for PLA/Lg and PLA/TiO 2 composites are found to be 110 and 100°C, respectively. The supercritical carbon dioxide foaming process is applied to get the foamed composites, and their mechanical and thermal properties are analyzed. The results show that the addition of TiO 2 improves the melting point and compression properties of the PLA composites. Furthermore, the inclusion of Lg increases the molecular chain mobility, foaming multiplicity, and compression strength of the composite materials.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2024
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IF 5.6
Haohe Huang,Chaojian Zheng,Zhijun Zhang,Chongxing Huang
The enhancement of cellulose utilization in agricultural by-products, such as bagasse, holds significant importance in augmenting the value of secondary agricultural products. However, cellulose-based materials have limited application potential owing to their low strengths under wet and wet-low-temperature conditions. Improved mechanical properties of cellulose-based materials at wet and low temperatures can significantly enhance their suitability for application in cold chain processes. Furthermore, the effects of wet cryogenic conditions on cellulose-based materials are not well understood. In this study, composite films composed entirely of biomass are prepared via the co-solubilization of lignin and bagasse cellulose and then cured via hot pressing, which increases the wet and wet low-temperature strengths of the films. Furthermore, the mechanism by which cellulose/ lignin content influences the wet-low-temperature defects of films was investigated. Lignin self-polymerizes and hot pressing causes cross-linking in the cellulose-based films, which improves their performance in wet low-temperature environments. Furthermore, the micromorphologies, specific surface areas, and moisture distribution patterns of the cellulose films after wet -low-temperature treatment were investigated. The results indicate that cross-linking prevents large amounts of micro-nano scale free-water from entering the cellulose-based material, thereby preventing the formation of ice crystals at low temperatures, which can damage the microstructure. The results of this study can be used to develop bagasse cellulose/cellulose-based materials for applications in humid and low-temperature environments.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Yan Jiao,Shaoqing Wang,Boyang Sun,Yu Han,Zilu Zhang,Xiuli Shen,Zhihe Li
The efficient removal and degradation of microplastics are critical for protecting aquatic ecosystems. Herein, Fe-modified magnetic biochar (MBC) was synthesized as an adsorbent for removing microplastics in water. The effects of lignin/Fe salt mass ratios, adsorbent amount, adsorption time, adsorption temperature, solution pH, and presence of coexisting anions on adsorption efficiency were investigated. The thermal degradation behaviour and recycling characteristic of microplastics was also explored. Results showed that MBC has a developed pore structure, superparamagnetic property, and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups. The removal efficiency of polystyrene microplastics using MBC-11 was 99 %, with an adsorption capacity of 68.57 mg/g, which was 25 times higher than that of unmodified lignin biochar. The kinetics of the adsorption process followed the pseudo-first kinetic model, and the equilibrium data best fitted the Freundlich model. Thermodynamic results confirmed that adsorption over MBC was a spontaneous, heat-absorbing, and entropy-increasing process. The adsorption mechanism of PS by biochar was mainly via electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions and pore throttle. The thermal-degradation products of PS were mainly hydrocarbons, including styrene, benzene, and toluene, owing to the enhanced β-scission, H-shift, and methylation reactions at MBC catalytic sites. This study provides a scientific basis for the development of control technologies for microplastics removal in water.
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JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
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2024
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IF 5.6
Yanfang Zhu,Xu Jiang,Xiaoyuan Jin,Wenqi Song,Yuzhen Zhao
The catalytic properties of metals and metal oxides are vital for lignin depolymerization into phenolic and cyclohexane compounds production. This study investigated the lignin depolymerization of with different Ni content LaCoO 3 perovskite catalysts at different reaction conditions such as reaction temperature, time, catalysts amount. Furthermore, various hydrogen sources, including formic acid, ethanol, and pure hydrogen were tested. The highest bio-oil yield (75.3 wt%) was achieved with hydrogen under ethanol solvent, but selectivity for cyclohexane and phenolic monomers compound was low. Using formic acid (FA) with 7 % Ni-LaCoO 3 catalysts at 280 °C, a bio-oil yield of 72.4 wt% was obtained, with higher selectivity for 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (19.5 %), cyclohexane (18.5 %), and methylcyclohexane (14.2 %). This suggests that Ni with presence of FA facilitates the cleavage of lignin's β-O (C-O) and β-β (C-C) bonds efficiently. The reaction using FA, resulted in the lowest O/C ratio (0.06), highest H/C ratio (0.14), and the highest HHV (36.6 MJ/kg). The catalyst exhibited the highest reaction rate and hydrogenation activity, attributed to the presence of highly dispersed surface Co and Ni species. Notably, after three recycling test, the Ni-LaCoO 3 catalyst maintained very good catalytic activity. These results suggest that catalysts with this composite support have the potential to convert lignin-derived phenolic compounds into higher-grade hydrocarbon liquid fuels.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Jiayun Xu,Chuanling Si,Lin Dai,Jarl Hemming,Andrey Pranovich,Chunlin Xu
Lignin-first fractionation (microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent fractionation, MW-DES) and carbohydrate-first fractionation (hot water extraction followed by MW-DES, HWE-MW-DES), were compared while pretreating spruce heartwood (HW) and sapwood (SW) for lignin extraction. The lignin recovery yield was 80 % for HW and 74 % for SW, while SW demonstrated high selectivity in delignification, achieving 86 % removal of lignin with only minor cellulose loss (3.6 %) treated with ChCl/LA (1:2) at 145 °C for 10 min. The carbohydrate-first approach gives an opportunity to obtain lignin with a lower carbohydrate content (∼0.5 %) and higher lignin purity (88 %). The structure of lignin exhibited no significant differences after two different fractionation approaches, with the phenolic hydroxyl content in lignin in the amount of 2.59/2.73 mmol/g (MW-DES) and 2.54/2.74 mmol/g (HWE-MW-DES) from HW/SW. The above provides a theoretical basis for developing and optimizing the valorization of lignin from spruce HW/SW, employing either lignin-first or carbohydrate-first fractionation approaches of the sustainable biorefinery processes.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Chen Xu,Fanyang Meng,Yaru Li,Hui Pan
A ternary acidic deep eutectic solvent (EH/MA/PEG400 DES) was synthesized with ethylamine hydrochloride (EH), DL-malic acid (MA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) for the pretreatment of bamboo biomass. The EH/MA/PEG400 DES possessed superior biomass pretreatment capability, resulting in the removal of 75.42 % hemicellulose and 85.30 % lignin while retaining the majority of the cellulose (87.53 %) under a relatively high solid/liquid ratio (1:7). Pretreated bamboo biomass obtained a high glucose yield of 87.38 % after 72 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. Furthermore, EH/MA/PEG400 DES exhibited exceptional recyclability, which could afford 79.34 % lignin removal and 85.29 % glucose yield even at the seventh pretreatment cycle without introducing of fresh DES. The analysis on the recovered DES revealed that the accumulation of formic acid generated from carbohydrate degradation during the pretreatment process should account for the excellent recyclability of the EH/MA/PEG400 DES. The findings in this study could offer a sustainable and efficient approach for the lignocellulosic biomass refining.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2025
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IF 12.5
Jierui Ye,Jiamin Wang,Jingyu Li,Yiwei Li,Pan Chen,Junfeng Wang,Yuebing Gao,Qingtian Xu,Qiang Wu,Qian Li
Bamboo holocellulose emerges as a significant candidate in the field of bio-based functional materials, owing to its rapid growth cycle, high strength, and antioxidant properties. However, its flammability poses a significant critical challenge, thereby hindering the widespread application of this carbonized polymer. In this study, we present a straightforward and efficient ternary deep eutectic solvent (TDES) pretreatment strategy. Specifically, the TDES treatment was employed to chemically introduce P/N/S groups into holocellulose and lignin, resulting in the production of flame-retardant holocellulose (HC-SP) and lignin (Lignin-SP), respectively. By adjusting the ratio of these two components, nanosuspensions and nanocomposite films were fabricated through a co-grinding process. The incorporation of Lignin-SP imparted the P/N/S-containing holocellulose nanofibril composite films with exceptional flame retardancy (with a limiting oxygen index exceeding 52.5 %), substantial tensile strength (reaching 152.3 MPa), robust UV-blocking capability (blocking over 98.9 % of UV radiation), and biodegradability (degrading within 70 days). This straightforward preparation strategy for all-biobased green flame-retardant packaging materials holds promising application potential in the fields of flame-retardant food packaging.
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CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
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2024
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IF 7.4
Guolan Dou,Chen Wang,Xiaoxing Zhong,Botao Qin
In this study, lignin modified cementitious materials (LFGS) were synthesized to determine the viability of mineral cementitious sealing and firefighting materials using uncalcined coal gangue (UCG) and fly ash (FA) as raw materials in order to realize the resource utilization of coal-based solid waste and prevent spontaneous combustion of coal gangue and coal fires. The 28-d compressive strength was increased to 63 MPa, the fluidity was improved to 142 mm, and the final setting time was shortened to 75 min with 0.1 wt% lignin. Thermal exposure experiments demonstrated that lignin modification could improve the high temperature resistance in terms of residual compressive strength , thermal crack and shrinkage resistance. The microstructure and thermogravimetric characterization of the resulting cementitious materials revealed the generation of a dual-crosslinked network composed of covalent linkages (Si-O-Al bonds) and hydroxyl groups-Ca 2+ coordination bonds. The average air sealing efficiency of LFGS was found to be 53.7% higher than that of ordinary Portland cement slurry. The examination of the CO 2 emissions of the cementitious materials revealed that the carbon emission index of LFGS was approximately 55% lower than that of ordinary Portland cement . This study not only presents a resource utilization strategy for uncalcined coal gangue and coal fly ash, but also a green and low carbon emission cementitious firefighting material to prevent coal fires.
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