JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
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2021
·
IF 6.165
Bingwen Long,Jiapo Song,Keke Yao,Yigang Ding
New density and vapor–liquid equilibrium data of PCl 3 -benzene binary system at atmospheric pressure (99.7–101.3 kPa) were carefully measured to provide crucial information for their industrial reaction and separation. The experimental mixture densities show excellent linear dependence on both solution composition and temperature and a generalized empirical correlation is proposed with an average relative deviation of 0.13%. The specific attractive P-π interaction between the phosphorus atom of PCl 3 and the π cloud of benzene seems to be quite strong in solution, leading to large negative excess volumes. But the π-π antibonding effect from benzene dimers are predominant in PCl 3 highly dilute solution, where positive excess volume and excess partial molar volumes of PCl 3 were observed. Experimental bubble points of the binary mixture were corrected to those under 101.325 kPa. Two distinctive methods of coexistence equation and activity coefficient models of Wilson and NRTL equations were applied to model the VLE data, and they yielded very consistent results. Although no azeotrope were found, this mixture exhibited quite low relative volatility.
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JOURNAL OF DISPERSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2021
·
IF 2.262
Li Chao,Haiwang Wang,Xinfang Wei,Jinlong Li,Cheng Ji,Xiwei Qi
At present, the polymer flocculation technology has been widely used in the treatment of oil sand tailings. However, the current composite flocculant still has the problems of low flocculation efficiency and serious secondary pollution after using. In this article, cationic composite flocculant SiO2-TiO2-P(AM-DMC) with self-degrading characteristics was prepared by the surface photoinitiated polymerization technique. Above all, in order to study the synthesis process of SiO2-TiO2-P(AM-DMC), cationic composite flocculant was characterized by FTIR, TG, TEM, XPS, etc. Furthermore, the central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to optimize the preparation parameters of the cationic composite flocculant. And the optimization results of preparation parameters of cationic composite flocculant showed that the optimal preparation parameters of SiO2-TiO2-P(AM-DMC) were as follows: mDMC: mAM = 5, monomer concentration was 35% and reaction time was 100 min. Ultimately, the flocculation parameters of SiO2-TiO2-P(AM-DMC) were optimized by CCD and RSM. Moreover, the optimization results of flocculation parameters of cationic composite flocculant showed that the optimal flocculation parameters of SiO2-TiO2-P(AM-DMC) were as follows: pH = 5, flocculant dosage was 30 ppm, kaolin concentration was 1.36%. In summary, this work had greatly enriched the knowledge of oil sand tailings treatment, and had the extremely important reference significance for realizing the parameter regulation of high-efficiency flocculation of oil sand tailings.
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JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
·
2021
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IF 3.712
Xianghua He,Ben Dai,Yafang Zhang,Dan Zhao,Dihui Zhang,Ruping Liang,Chao Chen
Efficient and applicable catalysts are highly desirable for advanced biomass transformation industry, here, we fabricated a series of Nd-Co-P catalysts for hydrogenation of furfural (FAL) to furfuryl alcohol (FOH). By comprehensive characterizations, it is demonstrated that the prepared Nd-Co-P samples are structured as (NdPO 4 ) m /Co 2 P nanocomposites with molar ratio ( m ) in range of 0.24–1.1; by manipulating m , the outstanding catalytic efficiency comparable with the performance of precious metal catalysts , such as turnover frequency (TOF) up to 0.50 s −1 (being ten-fold higher than Co 2 P) and FOH yield up to 97%, is achieved on the reusable (NdPO 4 ) m /Co 2 P composites. Temperature programmed desorption (TPD), in-situ infrared spectroscopy (IR) and kinetic-mechanism studies further disclose that Co 2 P is decisive for activating FAL, instead, NdPO 4 possesses unique capability of activating hydrogen which readily facilitate the selective hydrogenation of FAL to FOH through a rapid Langmuir–Hinshelwood process over (NdPO 4 ) m /Co 2 P catalyst. These results indicate that rare-earth phosphates like NdPO 4 can act as the promising and reliable catalytic component to activate hydrogen, which can be of interest not only for innovating novel and applicable non-metallic catalysts for sustainable biomass transformation analogous to hydrogenation of FAL, but also for expanding material base for other green mass transformation techniques involving hydrogen.
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Nanoscale
·
2019
·Vol. 11
·期 47
·23027-23034
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IF 6.97
Fei Xiao,Zhimin Chen,Hao Wu,Ying Wang,Erping Cao,Xiaodong Lu,Yiqun Wu,Zhiyu Ren
Nanostructure engineering of heteroatom-doped carbon catalysts can greatly enhance their electrocatalytic activity by increasing the accessible active sites and beneficial physical properties (e.g., surface area, conductivity, etc.). Herein, we successfully constructed ultra-thin N,P co-doped carbon (NPC) on the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) by using phytic acid (PA) as a “guide”. The rich phosphate groups in PA allow them to be covalently modified on the surface of CNT by the condensation reaction and to further attract large aniline monomers through acid–base interactions, resulting in the uniform and tight bonding between polyaniline and CNT after the polymerization process. During the subsequent thermal reaction, PA also serves as a self-sacrificial dopant for the formation of ultra-thin NPC and the doping amount of P in NPC can be easily adjusted by changing the amount of PA. Due to the abundance of active sites, large electrochemically active surface area and rapid electron transfer, the developed CNT@NPC presents remarkable electrocatalytic activities for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with an overpotential of 167, 440 and 304 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in acidic, neutral, and alkaline electrolytes, respectively. In particular, its acidic HER activity exceeds that of most reported metal-free electrocatalysts and is comparable to that of some excellent transition metal-based catalysts. The approach proposed here is of potential importance for the preparation of ideal heteroatom-doped carbon/nanocarbon composites for use in a variety of future energy conversion systems.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2019
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IF 4.175
Jingjing Xu,Chen Liu,Junfeng Niu,Yanlin Zhu,Biying Zang,Mengjuan Xie,Mindong Chen
LaFeO 3 /Bi 3 NbO 7 p-n heterojunction photocatalysts were prepared successfully through an in-situ growth method. The phase structure, optical property , morphology and microstructures of the obtained samples were studied by X-Ray diffractometer (XRD), Ultraviolet–visible absorption spectrum (UV–vis DRS), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The visible light responsive photocatalytic activity of as-obtained samples were investigated by the photo-reduction of Cr (Ⅵ). The effects of preparation conditions (proportion of BNO/LFO and temperature) on the activity were studied. Results showed that the as-obtained BNO-LFO-200-5 composite behaved the best photocatalytic activity (with rate constant of 0.0212 min −1 ) among all the obtained samples. The rate constant was about 42.4-times and 17.7-times as that of pristine BNO (0.0005 min −1 ) and LFO (0.0012 min −1 ), respectively. The enhanced photocatalytic property of the as-prepare LaFeO 3 /Bi 3 NbO 7 composites can be ascribed to the formation of p-n junction between BNO and LFO, which significantly increased the separation efficiency of photo-excited electron-holes.
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RSC Advances
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 1
·323-331
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IF 3.119
Juan Li,Jingxin Zhu,Lan Jia,Yanlong Ma,Haijuan Wu
This paper presents a green method for fabricating dual temperature- and pH-responsive electrospun fibrous mats from an aqueous-based blend poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (P(NIPAAm-co-AAc)) and regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) by employing electrospinning technique. P(NIPAAm-co-AAc) was synthesized by free radical solution polymerization and its low critical solution temperature (LCST) was in the physiological range (38.8 °C). The P(NIPAAm-co-AAc)/RSF fibers were prepared by electrospinning technology in the presence of the crosslinking agents (EDC·HCl and NHS) with water as solvent. After in situ crosslinking and water-annealing process, the water-stable composite fibrous mats were obtained. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to analyze the crosslinking process. Temperature and pH dual stimuli-responsive swelling-shrinking behavior of the fibrous mats were observed when the temperature was below and above the LCST of the copolymer at different pHs. In addition, rhodamine B-loaded the fibrous mats also showed dual temperature and pH controlled release behavior, demonstrating the potential use of the fibrous mats for “smart” controlled drug delivery applications.
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HYDROMETALLURGY
·
2019
·
IF 3.465
Shunyan Ning,Shichang Zhang,Wei Zhang,Jie Zhou,Siyi Wang,Xinpeng Wang,Yuezhou Wei
The separation of fission products Ru, Rh, and Pd will benefit both the nuclear fuel cycle and enlarge the platinum group metals source. A silica-based iso Bu-BTP/SiO 2 -P adsorbent was used to separate Ru, Rh, and Pd from nitrate solution. It exhibited good adsorption towards Ru, Rh, and Pd with the uptake rates over 95% at 55 °C in 0.1 M HNO 3 –3 M NaNO 3 solution and no adsorption towards 238 U(VI). The adsorption towards Ru, Rh, and Pd matched well with pseudo-second-order model with the equilibrium obtained within 24 h, 24 h and 0.5 h and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with the saturation adsorption amounts as high as 0.37 mmol/g, 0.34 mmol/g and 0.71 mmol/g respectively. The adsorbed Pd, Rh, and Ru can be desorbed by 0.1 M HNO 3 –0.1 M thiourea , 2 M HCl and NaClO solution (CP) which is expected to realize their mutual separation in desorption stage using the above-mentioned eluents successively. Both FT-IR and XPS revealed that C N C played key role during adsorption and the adsorption needed the participation of NO 3 − to keep charge balance. In a word, iso Bu-BTP/SiO 2 -P is a promising adsorbent for separation and recovery Ru, Rh, and Pd, especially in the case of separating them from other fission products and actinides from high level liquid waste .
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2019
·
IF 8.355
Chunli Zhou,Dengke Wang,Ang Li,Erzhuang Pan,Haiyan Liu,Xiaohong Chen,Mengqiu Jia,Huaihe Song
Porous carbon (PC) materials are the excellent alternative to anodes of high performance sodium ion batteries (SIBs). However, most PC materials are prepared with complicated and multi-step template method, which limits the mass production. Herein, we present a simple and repeatable calcination approach to synthesize three-dimensional porous carbon (3D-PC) materials using poly( p -phenylenediamine) hydrogel as precursor. N, O and P heteroatoms are successfully introduced into 3D-PC to provide more sodium storage sites. The obtained 3D-PC delivers high sodium storage capacity of 332 mAh g −1 at 50 mA g −1 and the reversible capacity still retains 139 mAh g −1 at 10 A g −1 . Moreover, 3D-PC also shows ultralong cycling life, the stable capacities of 212 mAh g −1 and 120 mAh g −1 after 1000 cycles even at the high current density of 0.5 A g −1 and 5 A g −1 , respectively. These results illustrate that 3D-PC electrode displays great rate capability and excellent cycling stability, which would be ascribed to surface-dominated sodium storage mechanism according to quantitative analysis. This method is low cost and effective for preparing high-performance porous carbon anodes for SIBs.
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Materials
·
2019
·Vol. 12
·期 12
·1950
·
IF 2.972
Shengding Chang,Muwei Ji,Changxu Yan,Kai Zhang,Qian Deng,Jian Xu,Caizhen Zhu,Bo Li,Jin Wang
KTaO3/Au hetero-nanostructures were synthesized by in-situ reduction of HAuCl4on the surface of hydrothermally-grown KTaO3sub-micron cubes. The concentration of Au source was found to be a critical factor in controlling the hetero-nucleation of Au nanoparticles on the surface of KTaO3sub-micron cubes. Loading of Au particles on KTaO3nanocrystals enriched KTaO3additional UV-vis absorption in the visible light region. Both KTaO3and KTaO3/Au nanocrystals were shown to be active in the photo-degradation of p-nitrophenol, while the loading of Au on KTaO3clearly improved the photo-degradation efficiency of p-nitrophenol compared to that on bare KTaO3nanocrystals, probably due to the improved light absorption and charge separation.Keywords:in-situ synthesis;KTaO3/Au hetero-nanostructures;concentration of Au source;photo-degradation of p-nitrophenol
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·Vol. 43
·期 26
·10517-10522
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IF 3.069
Shasha Pang,Xianwen Kan
Developing an accurate and sensitive method for the detection of environmental pollutants is of great significance. However, traditional single signal based electrochemical sensors are usually susceptible to external and internal effects. To overcome these influences, in the present work, ferrocene (Fc) was covalently functionalized on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) to fabricate a facile electrochemical sensor for the detection of o-nitrophenol (o-NP) and p-nitrophenol (p-NP). With an increase in the concentration of both the nitrophenols, the peak currents of nitrophenols increased while the peak current of Fc remained constant. Thus, Fc can be used as an inner reference element to obtain a ratiometric signal by dividing nitrophenol current by Fc current, which endowed the sensor with a built-in correction of environmental effects. Moreover, Fc can effectively separate the reduction peaks of o-NP and p-NP, which made it possible to detect o-NP and p-NP individually and simultaneously. Due to the self-calibration based on the ratiometric strategy and the good conductivity of MWNTs, the prepared sensor showed high accuracy, reliability, and sensitivity for o-NP and p-NP detection with the linear range of 1.0 × 10−7 to 1.0 × 10−4 M. The facile, low cost, and sensitive sensor reported here has promising potential for accurate and reliable detection of other compounds.
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Solar RRL
·
2018
·Vol. 3
·期 2
·1800274
·
IF 0
Like Huang,Shixiao Bu,Danli Zhang,Ruixiang Peng,Qiang Wei,Ziyi Ge,Jianjun Zhang
Electron transport layer (ETL)-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are getting much more attention with their simpler structure and potentially low cost as well as higher stability. However, the elimination of ETL (such as TiO 2 ) with intrinsically deep valance band level leads to the absence of the hole blocking mechanism and thus serious charge recombination at the FTO/perovskite interface compared with ETL-based devices. An interface band bending associated built-in electric field is an essential driving force of charge separation. Here, by intentional polarity tailoring of perovskite via incorporation of Sb as a shallow donor, ETL-free PSCs with optimized energy level alignment both at the front and rear interfaces are constructed, resulting in an enhanced built-in electric field and thus efficient majority carrier collection and minority blocking as well as reduced interfacial charge recombination at both interfaces. Device simulation calculations also confirm the importance of polarity control for device performance improvement. The effect of doping on the perovskite films properties and device performance are systematically demonstrated. Correspondingly, ETL-free PSCs with a champion power conversion efficiency of 12.62% is achieved.
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ChemSusChem
·
2018
·Vol. 11
·期 13
·2156-2164
·
IF 7.411
Feng Li,Jing Li,Jie Zhang,Lili Gao,Xuefeng Long,Yiping Hu,Shuwen Li,Jun Jin,Jiantai Ma
Graphical Dope to promote : A high-performance photoanode consisting of NiO nanoparticles anchored on a gradient P-doped α-Fe 2 O 3 nanorod array (NiO/P-α-Fe 2 O 3 ) is successfully fabricated. The electrochemical results show that the photoanode presents a high photocurrent density and long-term stability for improved water oxidation. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting efficiency of a hematite-based photoanode is still far from the theoretical value due to its poor surface reaction kinetics and high density of surface trapping states. To solve these drawbacks, a photoanode consisting of NiO nanoparticles anchored on a gradient phosphorus-doped α-Fe 2 O 3 nanorod (NR) array (NiO/P-α-Fe 2 O 3 ) was fabricated to achieve optimal light absorption and charge separation, as well as rapid surface reaction kinetics. Specifically, a photoanode with the NR array structure allowed a high mass-transport rate to be achieved, while phosphorus doping effectively decreased the number of surface trapping sites and improved the electrical conductivity of α-Fe 2 O 3 . Furthermore, the p–n junction that forms between NiO and P-α-Fe 2 O 3 can further improve the PEC performance due to efficient hole extraction and the water oxidization catalytic activity of NiO. Consequently, the NiO/P-α-Fe 2 O 3 NR photoanode produced a high photocurrent density of 2.08 mA cm −2 at 1.23 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode and a 110 mV cathodic shift of the onset potential. This rational design of structure offers a new perspective in exploring high-performance PEC photoanodes.
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