Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
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2025
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IF 4.1
Mubashir Tayyaba,Farrukh Aftab,Hassan Najam Ul,Mahmood Rashid,Nasir Zonaira,Tahir Mudassir Hussain
This study investigates the effectiveness of a two-stage process aimed at achieving sustainable aromatic production through the co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastic, followed by catalytic reforming utilizing an Fe-modified ZSM-5 catalyst. To characterize the thermal decomposition behavior and monitor the progression of volatile compounds during the co-pyrolysis process, we employed thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in conjunction with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Additionally, we conducted a compositional analysis of the resultant bio-oil. This study demonstrates that the co-pyrolysis process, employing a catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:1 with the 10Fe/ZSM-5 catalyst (10 wt.% Fe loading), significantly increases the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons to 67.38%. This yield is markedly higher compared to the aromatic hydrocarbon yield of 55.37% obtained from catalytic pyrolysis of biomass alone. Moreover, these findings highlight the potential of this integrated methodology as a promising pathway for transforming waste materials into value-added chemicals, thereby improving bio-oil quality through the enrichment of aromatic compounds.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
·
IF 13.2
Hong Tian,Huimin Mao,Jiawei Wang,Yi Cheng
The HZSM-5 zeolite was modified through alkali treatment (NaOH) and metal loading (Ga, Ni), followed by constructing an MCM-41 layer to create a core–shell molecular sieve catalyst. With the feedstock of wheat straw, this work investigated the effects of various catalysts on pyrolysis product distribution and bio-oil composition with a tubular furnace and Py-GC/MS. The results showed that with the alkali-treated HZSM-5, the yield of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) in the bio-oil reached 40.35%, with an overall bio-oil yield of 21.16%. Metal-modified zeolites, exhibiting enhanced acidity, further optimized the bio-oil composition, producing an MAH yield of 61.48% and 27.31% bio-oil yield. Bimetal loading with Ga and Ni further enhanced MAH selectivity, delivering an MAH yield of 69.48% and a bio-oil yield of 27.79%. The synergy between Ga and Ni suppressed excessive aromatization and polymerization into polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), favouring MAH formation. Constructing an MCM-41 layer further promotes the selectivity of MAHs. Compared to uncoated catalysts, those coated with MCM-41 significantly improved monocyclic aromatic yields, achieving the highest MAH yield of 83.61%.
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高影响因子
MATERIALS & DESIGN
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2024
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IF 7.6
Yanyan Meng,Shaoqing Chen,Pengyin Li,Cheli Wang,Xinye Ni
Melanoma is a highly invasive and lethal skin cancer with a strong tendency to metastasize and has a poor prognosis. Radiotherapy is one of the important treatments for melanoma. In this study, monoglyceride solid lipid nanoparticles (MG SLNs) were wrapped with the B16-F10 cell membrane (B16 CM) for the fabrication of B16@MG. B16@MG had low toxicity and specifically targeted B16-F10 cells. B16-F10 tumor–bearing mouse model showed that indocyanine green (ICG) -loaded B16@MG achieved long-term accumulation in the tumor and facilitated the localization of the tumor boundary. MG SLNs were encapsulated with methyl 5-aminolevulinate (MLA) and desferrioxamine (DFO), and B16 CM was wrapped around their surfaces to obtain B16@MG–MLA–DFO.MLA was metabolized to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in the cells and DFO reduced the content of iron ion in the cells, blocked the biotransformation of PpIX, and promoted the accumulation of PpIX in the cells. The results of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and membrane potential detection showed that PpIX enhanced the generation of ROS, caused DNA and mitochondrial damage, and led to the apoptosis of tumor cells under radiotherapy. In B16-F10 tumor–bearing mice, B16@MG–MLA–DFO can improve the efficacy of radiotherapy and allow the integration of diagnosis and treatment.
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JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES
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2024
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IF 3.6
Shuna Zhao,Mi Li,Lin Jiang
5-Aminotetrazole (5AT) is widely used as a green gas-generating agent in fire extinguishers, but it exhibits low combustion stability. To enhance its combustion rate and modify gas production performance, this study investigated the catalytic effects of adding different metal oxides (Bi 2 O 3 , PbO, TiO 2 , and CoO) on its pyrolysis process and decomposition mechanism. The pyrolysis behavior and pyrolysis products of 5AT were studied by simultaneous thermal analyzer (thermogravimetry - differential thermal analysis, TG-DTA) and TG-FTIR/MS (mass spectrometry and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) hyphenated instrument. Isoconversional methods were used to calculated kinetic parameters, and reaction mechanism was also speculated by combining the experimental and calculational results. The experimental results indicated that Bi 2 O 3 , PbO, TiO 2 and CoO have minimal impact on the ring opening reaction process of 5AT, but they catalyzed the polymer decomposition process of 5AT, especially CoO. Consequently, the addition of metal oxides as catalysts to 5AT holds significant potential for improving its thermal safety and enhancing its suitability as a solid propellant gas generator.
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高影响因子
ENERGY
·
2024
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IF 9
Bingshuo Li,Aorong Ding,Tianhua Yang,Zhuo Wang,Haijun Zhang,Xingping Kai,Rundong Li
Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of phenols has significant potential for the synthesis of cycloalkane. In this study, a Ni-based magnetic molecular sieve catalyst, Ni/HZSM-5@SiO 2 @Fe 3 O 4 , was carefully prepared and systematically characterized using various analytical methods. A screening of the HDO reaction conditions was carried out using a typical phenolic compound of 4-ethylphenol. Under the optimal reaction conditions (240 °C, 3 h) with n-dodecane as the solvent, the 6 % Ni/HZSM-5@SiO 2 @Fe 3 O 4 catalyst showed excellent performance, achieving a 4-ethylphenol conversion of 59.3 % and an ethylcyclohexane selectivity of 85.1 %. In comparison to conventional Ni/HZSM-5, the magnetic micromesoporous molecular sieve catalyst exhibited superior catalytic activity, alkane selectivity and recyclability, with a catalyst recovery ratio of 95 %. Furthermore, the effect of liquid-solid mass transfer efficiency on the ethylcyclohexane selectivity considering of the stirring speed was studied, and the selectivity was increased from 81.6 to 85.1 % when the speed was increased from 400 to 600 rpm. This finding was further substantiated by Fluent numerical simulation. To elucidate the HDO pathway of 4-ethylphenol on Ni/HZSM-5@SiO 2 @Fe 3 O 4 , a comprehensive reaction pathway was proposed, providing insights into the catalytic mechanism.
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高影响因子
TRANSACTIONS OF TIANJIN UNIVERSITY
·
2018
·Vol. 24
·期 4
·301-307
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IF 0
Qi Wei,Fang Jie,Yang Zhenzhen,Li Bingqi,Su Rongxin,He Zhimin
A low-cost and easily prepared manganese carbonate (MnCO 3 ) has been synthesized for catalytic conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF). The properties and morphology of the manganese carbonate were measured by SEM, XRD, TGA, BET and XPS. In this method, no harsh reaction conditions were required, and it was a simple and green process for the oxidation of 5-HMF into DFF. To achieve an optimum DFF yield, different reaction conditions, including reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst amount, and solvents were investigated. Results from the experiments indicated that the highest DFF yield of 86.9% was obtained at 120 °C under atmospheric oxygen pressure after 6 h. Finally, MnCO 3 could be used at least five times with considerable stability.
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FUEL
·
2018
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IF 4.908
Wenfeng Zhao,Weibo Wu,Hu Li,Chengjiang Fang,Tingting Yang,Zhongwei Wang,Chao He,Song Yang
Quantitative production of 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) was achieved at room temperature (25 °C) via highly selective hydrogenation of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) employing alkali salt KF as catalyst and polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) as hydrogen source. A moderate turnover frequency (TOF: 4.2 h −1 ) was observed for this mild and sustainable reaction process. Moreover, a combination of Amberlyst-15 with KF could successfully catalyze the direct synthesis of BHMF from hexose sugars such as fructose and inulin via tandem dehydration and hydrogenation in a single pot. This catalytic system is more selective compared with H 2 -participated counterpart, giving a high BHMF yield and selectivity of up to 98% and >99% from HMF, respectively. Moreover, the catalytic performance of KF could remain for at least five consecutive cycles in the conversion of HMF to BHMF.
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高影响因子
FIBERS AND POLYMERS
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2017
·Vol. 18
·期 12
·2476-2480
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IF 1.113
Hao Youwei,Zhao Jie,Wang Gang,Cao Liqin,Wang Jide,Yue Fan
Mesocellular silica foam (MCF) grafted with thermo-responsive and pH-responsive copolymer poly( N -isopropylacrylamide- co -acrylic acid), was prepared by precipitation polymerization using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) as entrainer and solvent. Vinyl-functionalized MCF was first synthesized through post-synthesis via using vinyltriethoxysilane as a coupling agent for surface modification. Entrapped monomers of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) and acrylic acid (AA) were then introduced and assembled onto the vinyl-modified MCF with the aid of scCO 2 . The grafting copolymer performed here as an on/off switch in the release of 5-fluorouracil, as confirmed by using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. The grafted organic content and drug loading efficiency were 65.2 wt% and 11.5 wt%, respectively. The resultant grafting composite showed potential for application in drug delivery and exhibited thermo- and pH-responsiveness to external environmental changes.
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高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Huiyu Liu,Ying Qiu,Rui Shan,Jun Zhang,Haoran Yuan,Yong Chen
Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) using bimetallic modified ZSM-5 enables efficient upcycling of polyethylene (PE). The present study demonstrates that alkaline sites significantly enhanced the mass transfer capacity of catalysts through generating fragmented structures, thus contributing to the selective regulation of thermal decomposition behavior of PE. Specifically, CuZn/ZSM-5 reduced decomposition temperature range by > 100 °C via enhanced chain-cracking and product transport. The synergistic effects of Cu 0 and alkaline sites derived from Zn species facilitated the cleavage of C–C bonds under a high heating rate, thereby accelerating the formation of olefin intermediates as well as promoting the aromatization within ZSM-5 channels. CuZn/ZSM-5 optimally combined highly dispersed metal sites, abundant strong alkaline sites, moderate acidic sites, and reinforced diffusion capacity, boosting low-temperature aromatics selectivity by 29.7 %, particularly for monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs). Despite the highest alkalinity of CuMg/ZSM-5, the permanent loss of weak alkaline sites at high temperatures resulted in weak capacity for aromatization. In addition, the plausible pathway for fast pyrolysis of PE into aromatics over CuZn/ZSM-5 was proposed.
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高影响因子
FUEL
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Yang Sun,Fan Yang,Siyuan Sun,Yankun Sun,Hongchen Liu,Chunhui Yu,Junpu An,Xi Li,Yongfeng Li
The preparation of highly active and stable Pd-based catalysts for direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFC) is hampered by inefficient utilization of the active sites, susceptibility to CO poisoning, poor stability, and relatively slow reaction kinetics. Herein, the stability and anti-toxicity of the catalysts (Pd/ZnO/MDC) are tuned by loading Pd nanoparticles on the carbon-coated ZnO support, achieving efficient electrocatalysis for methanol and ethanol oxidation reaction (MOR and EOR). TEM result shows the ZnO is covered by the carbon layer formed outside of MOF-5 derived porous carbon, which can prevent it from dissolving under harsh conditions. The mass activities of the well-tuned catalyst Pd/ZnO/MDC (8 0 0) for MOR and EOR are 931.83 mA/mg and 1838.30 mA/mg, respectively. It is due to the improved electron transport efficiency between the Pd and ZnO, and the enhanced stability by carbon layer outside the ZnO. It is also found that the onset potential and the peak potential of Pd/ZnO/MDC (8 0 0) (−0.813 V, −0.228 V) in CO stripping experiment in MOR are more negative than Pd/MDC (8 0 0) (−0.261 V, −0.215 V). This result indicates that the existence of ZnO helps to provide surface hydroxyl group, which promotes the oxidation of the intermediates. This work indicates provides a feasible idea for DAFC catalyst design and construction.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
·
IF 8.5
Lin Gao,Luping Gu,Wentian Li,Gang Wang,Jianxin Zhao,Wei Chen,Peijun Tian
5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) is a functional food ingredient widely recognized for its sleep-enhancing properties, but it has a short elimination half-life in vivo , resulting in suboptimal pharmacokinetic performance. In this study, we developed a composite nanoparticles system based on β-cyclodextrin and corn starch using the anti-solvent precipitation method for the encapsulation and sustained release of 5-HTP. The nanoparticles were characterized using laser particle size analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and evaluation of their digestive properties in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. We further evaluated their effects on the pharmacokinetic profile and distribution of 5-HTP in rats, including serum, gut, and brain, demonstrating a significant extension of the drug elimination half-life and improved bioavailability. In an insomnia mouse model, administration of the composite nanoparticles system significantly alleviated behavioral abnormalities and circadian rhythm disorder induced by sleep deprivation. This study provides a solid theoretical basis and technical support for the efficient application of 5-HTP in functional foods.
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PubMed
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Hongli He,Jie Yang,Bo Kang,Mingxin Lv,Enhui Du,Zhilin Chen,Weiping Xie,Liyuan Huai,Hualei Hu,Chunlin Chen,Jian Zhang
Catalytic performances of supported metal catalysts are highly affected or even dominated by supports. Here, the manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves (OMS-2) supported Pt nanoparticles (Pt/OMS-2) show specific selectivity in the hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) in liquid water, without ring-hydrogenation or ring-opening, even under harsh conditions. a 97.6 ± 2.1 % yield of BHMF was obtained over Pt/OMS-2 within 2 h at 30 °C and 1.5 MPa H 2 . This specific selectivity was attributed to a vertical adsorption model of BHMF at the interface, where an O atom and H atom of hydroxyl attached to the Mn and O 2− sites. The hydrogenation of the C O bond followed hydroxy routes through a water-mediated mechanism. Specifically, a water molecule facilitated the transfer of hydrogen atoms between the carbonyl group and the Pt surface, with the cleavage of O H bonds being a key step in the overall process.
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