ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2019
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IF 6.97
Liheng Chen,Yunfeng Shi,Bo Gao,Yilun Zhao,Yueming Jiang,Zhengang Zha,Wei Xue,Liang Gong
Lignin nanoparticles (LNPs), as a special aggregate of renewable and biodegradable lignin available in abundant amounts, are a perfect building-block material because of their advantages, including good dispersibility in water, great biocompatibility, and eco-friendly characteristics. To exploit a promising method of producing LNPs, we developed a simple and sustainable synthesis approach using a recycled γ-valerolactone (GVL)/water binary solvent (GWBS). Up to 200 g/L lignin from several sources could be completely dissolved in GWBS. LNPs were easily obtained through nanoprecipitation (dropping or dialysis) of the lignin solution. The yield and size of LNPs can be controlled during nanoprecipitation. The highest yield of LNP reached 90% via dropping nanoprecipitation, and its relevant initial concentration was up to 24 g/L. This highly efficient dropping method might provide a method for scaled-up production of LNPs. The resultant LNPs, having a diameter of ca. 250 nm and a ζ-potential of −40 mV, also showed good dispersibility and stability in water. LNPs can stabilize essential oils and promote their growth inhibition activity against microbes. These results indicated that we also initiated a new method of achieving enhanced antimicrobials with whole biomass-based chemicals.
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Food & Function
·
2018
·Vol. 10
·期 1
·355-365
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IF 3.289
Kai Chen,Lei Lei,Yong Qian,Dongjie Yang,Xueqing Qiu
Herein, oil-in-water high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) were stabilized by lignin from different technical resources with the assistance of alkyl polyglycoside (APG) using an ultrasonic cavitation method. The results showed that the amphiphilicity of lignin determined the formation of HIPEs. Microscopic and rheological characterization indicated that the molecular weight and concentration of lignin, the APG dosage and the oil/water ratio had important influences on the microstructure and stability of the HIPEs. In addition, nutraceutical β-carotene could be encapsulated in the oil phase of the HIPEs, which exhibited outstanding protection against photo- and thermal-oxidative degradation of β-carotene. After storage for 30 days under room temperature/light or storage for 7 days under 55 °C/dark conditions, the retention of β-carotene in the HIPEs was 87% to 95%, which is significantly higher than that of β-carotene dispersed in bulk oil. In vitro digestion experiments indicated that the digestibility of the HIPEs also markedly improved. The largest release of free fatty acids was 80%. The bio-accessibility of β-carotene in these lignin-based HIPEs also reached 60%.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2020
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IF 3.573
Bowen Luo,Rongxuan Li,Riyang Shu,Chao Wang,Jingtao Zhang,Ying Chen
Simple and efficient catalytic routes have been explored to upgrade the raw lignin oil. Though homogeneous catalysis is easy to operate and possesses a high reaction rate, it also suffers from the difficulty of product separation. In this work, we used H3BO3 as a novel homogeneous catalyst coupled with Ru/C to overcome the separation problem and carry out the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of phenolic compounds and raw lignin oil. H3BO3 showed an outstanding performance over the liquid organic and mineral acids, with a good catalyst recyclability. Phenolic model compounds including monomers and dimers can be efficiently converted into cycloalkanes with yields close to 100%. Moreover, the raw lignin oil also had a good HDO result by using this bifunctional catalyst (H3BO3 and Ru/C). The content of hydrocarbons increased from 7.9% to 93.1% at 260 °C, which promoted the upgraded lignin oil capable to be used as fuel directly.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2021
·
IF 6.953
Wenbo Li,Yilin Wang,Dongchen Li,Jiachi Jiang,Kunlan Li,Kaili Zhang,Qingda An,Shangru Zhai,Ligang Wei
The oxidative depolymerization of alkali lignin (AL) in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C 2 C 1 im]OAc) system without additional catalyst was investigated under mild conditions (initial O 2 pressure of 1.5 MPa, 80 °C–100 °C). Compared with other ionic liquids (ILs), the cooperation of imidazolium cation and acetate anion successfully enhanced AL conversion. Among the investigated imidazolium acetate ILs with ethyl- to octyl-side chains, [C 2 C 1 im]OAc presented the best catalytic capacity for AL oxidative depolymerization. Adding an appropriate amount of water to [C 2 C 1 im]OAc can further improve the reaction efficiency. In the [C 2 C 1 im]OAc system with the addition of 0.10–0.25 mL of water, approximately 77 wt% AL was depolymerized into small molecule soluble products at 100 °C for 2 h. The extracted oil was composed mainly of phenolic derived compounds. With the use of the [C 2 C 1 im]OAc-based system, the specific inter-unit linkages of lignin were broken down, and residual lignin with low molecular weight and narrow polydispersity index (1.88–1.96) was obtained. Compared with that in AL conversion with fresh [C 2 C 1 im]OAc, only a minimal decrease (~3.2%) was observed with the recovered IL until the fifth cycle. These findings revealed that [C 2 C 1 im]OAc–based system is a simple and efficient catalytic system for lignin oxidative depolymerization.
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2019
·
IF 5.589
Yan Liu,Hua Ma,Juan Huang,Zhe Li,Yu Pan,Yiwen Du
The release of carbonaceous nanomaterials (CNMs) into the environment inevitably affects the surrounding microenvironment, biochemical processes of microbes, and even entire ecosystems. However, the knowledge of the impact of CNMs on the environmental microbial activities and further natural organic matter biodegradation is still less known. Here we investigated the impact of three CNMs (single-walled carbon nanotubes , graphene, and oxidized graphene) on extracellular enzymes activities of a fungal strain ( Cladosporium sp.) and lignin biodegradation. All three CNMs increased the activities of three non-specific enzymes (laccase, manganese peroxidase, and lignin peroxidase) to different degrees, among which manganese peroxidase activity increased significantly, with an average promotion of 20% within 18 days. Meanwhile, structural characterization revealed the transformations of CNMs caused by fungal biodegradation. CNMs stimulation fungal enzyme activities further enhanced lignin degradation. Adsorption experiments and electrochemistry analysis demonstrated the mechanism that CNMs acted as adsorbent of extracellular enzymes as well as electron conductors, which enhanced extracellular direct electron transfer between enzymes and lignin and facilitated lignin conversion and degradation. Our results highlight the potential effect of CNMs on the lignin degradation by fungi, and require consideration when evaluating the environmental effects of CNMs on microbial communities or even carbon cycling across whole ecosystems.
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Frontiers in Chemistry
·
2022
·
IF 5.545
Gao Wenran,Wang Ke,Wu Yishuang,Zhu Xun,Wu Yinlong,Zhang Shoujun,Li Bin,Huang Yong,Zhang Shu,Zhang Hong
Doping of heteroatoms into carbon materials is a popular method to modify their physicochemical structures and has been widely used in the fields of energy conversion and storage. This study aims to investigate the effect of doping atmosphere on the catalytic performance of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped biochar supported Ru in the production of phenolic monomers from lignin hydrogenolysis. The results showed that the catalyst prepared under CO2 atmosphere (Ru@CNS-CO2) was able to produce phenolic monomers from corncob lignin with a yield up to 36.41 wt%, which was significantly higher than that from the run over N2-prepared catalyst (Ru@CNS-N2). The characterization of the catalysts demonstrated that the CNS-CO2 support had a larger specific surface area, richer C=S and C-S groups, and higher oxygen content than CNS-N2, resulting in finer Ru particles and more Ru0 content on the CNS-CO2 support. The Ru@CNS-CO2 catalyst exhibited high activity in hydrogenation and fragmentation of β-O-4 linkages.
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Water
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 22
·3234
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IF 3
Zeyu Xiong,Peng Jing
Road-marking operations generate alkaline wash water with intense color and soluble cationic additives. A new biomass adsorption material (LML) was developed to address dye pollution in road-marking wash water effectively. Enzymatically hydrolyzed lignin was used as the raw material for the first time. L-lysine was modified to the structure of the lignin benzene ring using a simple one-step synthesis method, which endowed lignin with a large number of active carboxyl and amino functional groups to improve its adsorption capacity. The adsorption performance of LML for methylene blue in water was also investigated. The experimental results show that the LML has a high dye removal rate under alkaline conditions. The fitted adsorption model shows that the saturated adsorption capacity of LML for methylene blue (MB) is 129.4 mg g−1and malachite green (MG) is 244.9 mg g−1, which is in line with the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model. The adsorption process is endothermic, which means that the adsorption capacity increases with increasing temperature. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process reached equilibrium within 120 min following a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The cycle experiment shows that the removal efficiency of the adsorbent for dyes can still reach 90% after five cycles, indicating a good practical application value for the polishing of road-marking wash water.
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RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2025
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IF 9.1
Baoxian Wang,Saiying Li,Zhiwei Wang,Zhenyu Zhou,Lizi Li,Shufang Wu,Weiqi Wei
Developing an efficient and feasible pretreatment is vital for biomass refining. Herein, a kind of p-toluene sulfonic acid (p-TsOH) pretreatment under mild conditions was proposed to convert the sugarcane bagasse (SCB) into glucose, furfural, and activated lignin. After the pretreatment, the cellulose-rich solid was digested by cellulase, and the glucose yield was up to 94.8 %. The pretreated liquid was diluted with deionized water to precipitate the lignin. Notably, the hemicelluloses degradation products in the supernatant, primarily xylose, can be directly converted into furfural without needing a catalyst, achieving a yield of 73.1 %. The recovered lignin exhibits excellent antioxidant properties, with a radical scavenging index (RSI) of 40.0 and significant UV absorbance, which displayed great potential in lignin-based sunscreen preparation. This study, therefore, presents a comprehensive strategy for the valorization of SCB, enhancing its potential for sustainable applications.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
·
IF 13.2
Yutong Yang,Congcong Zhang,Yushan Zou,Zhenzhen Liu,Yiqun Fang,Weihong Wang,Min Xu,Yongming Song,Peng Li
Environmental factors strongly restrict the applications of hydrogel sensors. Conventional approaches enhance environmental tolerance through functional additives, but they inevitably compromise hydrogels' structural integrity and functional synergy. Herein, we developed an integrated strategy based on polymerizable deep eutectic solvent (PDES). The choline chloride-acrylic acid PDES simultaneously extracted lignin from agroforestry waste while functioning as a reactive monomer reservoir, enabling by-product minimization, process simplification, and concurrently achievement of functional coordination and structural regulation in the hydrogel. The PDES lignin exhibited light coloration that enhanced the transparency of the hydrogel. In addition, it endowed the hydrogel with excellent UV resistance and multi-surface adhesion. Benefiting from the high ionic concentration and abundant hydrogen bonding network within the PDES system, the hydrogel demonstrated remarkable conductivity, self-healing capabilities and excellent environmental stability (−20 °C or 25 °C, over six months). The PDES/lignin hydrogel-based flexible strain sensor exhibited a wide detection range (2 %–300 % strain), rapid response (60 ms at 40 % strain), and suitable gauge factors (GF = 2.22–5.96), along with fatigue resistance and reliable human/machine signal monitoring capabilities. These synergistic properties allow the PDES/lignin hydrogel to serve as an effective material for wearable sensors and human-machine interfaces in demanding environments such as winter sports and geological exploration.
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RSC Advances
·
2016
·Vol. 6
·期 106
·104398-104406
·
IF 3.289
Cong Zhang,Jingbo Qi,Jing Xing,Si-Fu Tang,Liang Song,Yuanyuan Sun,Chuanhui Zhang,Hongchuan Xin,Xuebing Li
Aqueous phase catalytic upgrading of lignin monomers to hydrocarbons via hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) has been explored using a combination of Pd/C and HZSM-5 catalysts under 2 MPa of H2 (ambient temperature). Model monomers with varying numbers of methoxy groups, including phenol, anisole, guaiacol and 2,6-dimethoxy-phenol, were chosen as lignin model compounds. Mechanistic studies revealed cascade and parallel reaction pathways via hydrogenation and dehydration (hydrolysis) processes, which were catalyzed by Pd/C and HZSM-5, respectively. Hydrogenation was preferred at lower temperature, whereas higher temperature was favorable for the removal of oxygen-containing functional groups. The effect of methoxy groups on the HDO of these monomers was also investigated systematically. Basically, the conversion of multi-substituted monomers was tougher than that of mono-substituted ones, due to steric constraint and the inhibition of the electron-donating hydroxyl group. The selectivities to cyclohexane from phenol and anisole were improved significantly by increasing the temperature to 413 K. However, cyclohexanone was preferably produced over cyclohexane when using model compounds with multi-substituents (guaiacol and 2,6-dimethoxy-phenol), even at temperatures above 513 K. Comparative experiments were also conducted on the HDO of 1,2-cyclohexanediol with or without the presence of phenol, which clearly suggested that the further HDO of guaiacol and 2,6-dimethoxy-phenol was inhibited, probably due to the strong interactions between cyclohexanediol molecules and Brønsted acid sites.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Heng Liu,Xiaoqian Chen,Shuzhen Ni,Zongquan Li,Na Liu,Yingjuan Fu
An effective removal of lignin could reduce the chromogenic groups of lignin in pulp. Herein, corn stover was pulped via the formic acid to investigate the effects of cooking time and temperature on the crude pulp properties. The strong hydrogen ion action of formic acid helped inhibiting both the re-polymerization of degraded lignin molecules and the subsequent adsorption on fiber. The brightness of the crude pulp could reach 51.5 %ISO with the increased lightness and decreased yellowness. The effective lignin removal reduced the residual lignocellulosic bundles in the crude pulp with the increased cooking temperature and time. The lowest lignin content of 3.5 %, α-cellulose content of 94.0 %, and Kappa number of 9.3 were obtained. Meanwhile, the lignin and monosaccharide content in the black liquor could reach 13.3 % and 28.5 %, respectively. The number-average molecular weight of lignin was as low as 818 g/mol. These were helpful to form the hydrogen bonds between fibers, thus enhancing the tensile and burst index of paper sheets. The tensile, burst and tearing indices of the corresponding crude pulp were 47.5 N·m/g, 1.42 kPa·m 2 /g and 6.53 mN·m 2 /g, respectively. This work provided valuable practical significance for studying the performance of straw pulp by high temperature formic acid cooking.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Jirong Long,Yuxuan Mao,Yiwei Long,Guozhang Chang,Lungang Chen,Wenguang Zhou,Jinxing Long,Yong Liu
Hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived phenols into high-value cycloalkanes under mild conditions is challenging. Herein, we report a Ru NPs @HZSM-5 catalyst with a unique metal-support interactions that achieves 100 % guaiacol conversion and 99.7 % cyclohexane selectivity at 160 °C and 1 MPa H 2 . Comparative studies with single-atom and aggregated Ru catalysts reveal that well-dispersed Ru nanoparticles coupled with acid sites offer superior activity and selectivity. Kinetic analysis and in situ DRIFTS demonstrate a sequential mechanism involving rapid hydrogenation of the aromatic ring followed by rate-limiting deoxygenation steps. Characterizations and CO-DRIFTS confirm particle sizes, optimal metal-support interactions, and enhanced acidity in Ru NPs @HZSM-5. Theoretical calculations further reveal favorable electronic states and lower energy barriers for deoxygenation on Ru NPs @HZSM-5. The catalyst also shows broad substrate compatibility, efficiently converting various lignin-derived phenolics. This work provides valuable insights into the critical synergy between metal nanoparticles and acidic supports for efficient lignin upgrading.
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