MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
·
2023
·
IF 5.4
Qihan Meng,Lei Wang,Fei Chen,Qingfei Hao,Xudong Sun
Ramsdellite-type Li 2 Ti 3 O 7 (R-Li 2 Ti 3 O 7 ) hollow microspheres were successfully prepared for the first time by the flame melting method. The hollow microspheres are 50-120 μm in diameter and about 10 μm in shell thickness. The spherical morphology allows for a high tapping density (1.25 g cm −3 ), and the hollow structure increases the specific surface area which is beneficial to the electrochemical properties. Thus, the prepared R-Li 2 Ti 3 O 7 shows excellent electrochemical properties even at high tapping densities. A specific capacity of 212.1 mAh g −1 can be obtained at a rate of 0.1 C, and the capacity retention after 500 cycles at 1 C is 94.6% with a specific capacity of 150.3 mAh g −1 . The flame melting method is effective for the preparation of Li 2 Ti 3 O 7 hollow spheres which showed good performance as the anode for lithium-ion batteries.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Xian Zhang,Yuhang Yang,Simin Xia,Zhengru Huang,Jiage Yu,Yuqiang Pi,Feng Wang,Yu Ding
Si possesses a high theoretical specific capacity as anode material for Li-ion batteries. However, it has poor electrical conductivity and severe volume effect during charge-discharge processes, resulting in substantial internal resistance and significantly reduced available capacity. These issues can be greatly mitigated by encapsulating Si nanoparticles within a carbonous material. Hence, network precursors are synthesised herein to encapsulate Si nanoparticles by in situ polymerisation of acrylic acid and melamine. After freeze-drying, the precursors are pyrolysed under Ar atmosphere to obtain homogeneous N-rich porous Si@SiO x /NC composites. A fibrous network structure is acquired by using appropriate amounts of polyacrylic acid and Si. Such a structure provides an outstanding electron transmission network and effectively buffers the volume change of Si to maintain a stable electrode structure. The results show that when the content of Si nanoparticles in the composite is 35.2 wt%, the prepared Si@SiO x /NC−2 composite has abundant micropores (267.90 m 2 g −1 ) and mesopores (17.48 m 2 g −1 ). The material shows an initial discharge-specific capacity of 1833.6 mAh g −1 and Coulombic efficiency of 65%. After 150 cycles at 0.1 A g −1 , the discharge-specific capacity is still as high as 922.8 mAh g −1 . The excellent electrochemical performance of the Si@SiO x /NC composites is due to the three-dimensional conductive structure. The unique construction could play an important role in expanding the commercial application of Si-based anode materials in Li-ion batteries.
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CHEMOSPHERE
·
2022
·
IF 8.943
Xueyan Liu,Minshu Cui,Kangping Cui,Yan Ding,Xing Chen,Changbin Chen,Xianbao Nie
As an emerging peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation catalyst, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is non-toxic and eco-friendly, while its poor catalytic performance hinders the application of pristine g-C 3 N 4 . Herein, a simple LiCl/KCl molten salts-assisted thermal polymerization method was adopted to promote the photocatalytic performance of g-C 3 N 4 . With the insertion of Li/K dopants and the introduction of surface cyano defects, the modified catalyst exhibited greatly enhanced ability on PMS activation towards acetaminophen removal, observing a 13 times higher rate constant than pristine g-C 3 N 4 (k = 0.0435 min −1 vs. 0.0033 min −1 ). The main reactive oxygen species for pollutant degradation were identified as sulfate radicals and singlet oxygen. The wavefunction analysis at excited states based on density functional theory suggests that the introduction of cyano defects greatly promotes the separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs, thereby achieving higher photocatalytic efficiency. In addition, the doping of Li/K significantly enhances the interaction between PMS and the catalyst surface, and orients the electron transfer from PMS to catalyst to generate non-radical species singlet oxygen, which improves the catalyst resistance to anions-containing water matrices.
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Advanced Materials Interfaces
·
2022
·Vol. 9
·期 9
·2102474
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IF 6.389
Yu Dong,Yueheng Qi,Wenqing Zhao,Shaohui Yuan,Zihao Zeng,Yue Yang,Wei Sun,Peng Ge
As potential candidates, metal sulfides display strong storage abilities but suffer from serious volume swelling and polysulfide shuttling. Especially rich-sulfur materials, inferior reversible conversion reactions (from MS 2 to MS with S) can bring about major formation of sulfur. Herein, cubic-like Sn–Co–S materials with SnO 2 as catalyst are designed with various dimensional carbon. The as-resulted samples display uniform distributed particle size (≈5 µm), while cross-linked Sn–Co–S@carbon is successfully formed due to its rich surficial groups. Significantly, the formation of chemical bonds about Sn/Co–S–C is noted, facilitating ions/e-transfering and architecture enhancing. Meanwhile, owing to the endothermic effect of carbon, SnO 2 finally resulted, effectively limiting the so-called “shuttling effect” of polysulfide. Utilized as sodium-ion anodes, the optimized samples can deliver a capacity of 490 mAh g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 and ≈400 mAh g −1 above at 5.0 A g −1 . Assisted by the detailed kinetic analysis, it can be confirmed that the improvements of surface-controlling behaviors mainly come from the interfacial chemical bonds and strong-polar metal-oxides bonds. This work is expected to illustrate the roles of interfacial design and metal oxide catalysts for advanced energy storage materials.
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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2022
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IF 6.633
Yutang Zhou,Yong Jin,Yichao Shen,Liangjie Shi,Long Bai,Rong Zhou
Achieving wide variation ranges and various adjusting modes of the performances for surfactant mixtures is still a significant challenge which limits the extensive application of surfactant mixtures. Herein, we reported the physicochemical properties and performances of hydrocarbon/fluorocarbon surfactant mixtures constituted with an anionic hydrocarbon surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and a tri-block nonionic short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant (F 9 EG 13 F 9 ). Meanwhile, the effects of Li + and Mg 2+ on them were investigated. The surface tension and contact angle measurements were adopted to reflect the surface activity and wetting ability of SDS/F 9 EG 13 F 9 mixtures. The data showed that the surface tensions at the critical micelle concentrations and the contact angles on polytetrafluoroethylene film of these surfactant mixtures are 33.5–21.4 mN/m and 118.0–58.7°, respectively, which indicates that their surface activity and wetting ability possess wide variation ranges. Furthermore, the micellization, adsorption and thermodynamics behaviors of mixed surfactants were also analyzed using a series of theoretical parameters based on the regular solution theory, Clint’s model, Maeda’s model, etc. The results approved that Li + and Mg 2+ immensely reduce the electrostatic repulsion effect of SDS and increase the adsorption of SDS at phase interfaces to enhance mixed monolayer packing, in which the effect of Mg 2+ is stronger than that of Li + . Thus, precisely adjustable surface activity and wetting ability can be realized by changing the molar ratio and adding the different cations, which enables SDS/F 9 EG 13 F 9 mixtures to possess tunable performances to meet various practical application requirements.
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2022
·
IF 10.753
Xiaojian Liao,Maoyou Ye,Jialin Liang,Zhijie Guan,Shoupeng Li,Yanghong Deng,Qiaowei Gan,Zihang Liu,Xiaodi Fang,Shuiyu Sun
The recovery of metals from spent LiCoO 2 batteries (SLBs) is essential to avoid resource wastage and the production of hazardous waste . However, the major challenge in regard to recovering metals from SLBs using traditional bioleaching is the low Co yield. To overcome this issue, a mixed culture of Acidithiobacillus caldus and Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans was designed for use in SLBs leaching in this study. With the assistance of Fe 2+ as a reductant, 99% of Co and 100% of Li were leached using the above mixed-culture bioleaching (MCB) process, thus solving the problem of low metal leaching efficiency from SLBs. Analysis of the underlying mechanism revealed that the effective extraction of metals from SLBs by the Fe 2+ -MCB process relied on Fe 2+ -releasing electrons to reduce refractory Co(III) to Co(II) that can be easily bioleached. Finally, the hazardous SLBs was transformed into a non-toxic material after treatment utilizing the Fe 2+ -MCB process. However, effective SLBs leaching was not achieved by the addition of Fe 0 to the MCB system. Only 25% Co and 31% Li yields were obtained, as the addition of Fe 0 caused acid consumption and bacterial apoptosis. Overall, this study revealed that reductants that cause acid consumption and harm bacteria should be ruled out for use in reductant-assisted bioleaching processes for extracting metals from SLBs.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2022
·
IF 9.224
Wenke Liu,Qingwei Qin,Hailin Zhang,Xing Chen,Ling Luo,Guangqiang Li,Shili Zheng,Ping Li
The conventional neutralization method for removing impurities Fe(III) and Al(III) from spent Li-ion battery (LIB) leaching solutions has encountered problems of low impurity removal efficiency or high loss of valuable metals. In this study, highly selective and effective separation of Fe(III) and Al(III) from spent LIB leaching solutions was achieved by the precipitation–complexation technology. It was found that almost all Fe(III) together with most of the Al(III) could be removed by preferential precipitation using NaHCO3 neutralization under an equilibrium pH of 3.3 at 95 °C. Phytic acid, as a selectively complexing agent, was then introduced to completely remove the residual Al(III) from Fe-removed solutions with an Al/PA molar ratio of 3:1 at 60 °C. As a result, more than 99.5% Fe(III) and 97.08% Al(III) could be removed from the actual solutions, with a total loss of Ni, Co, Mn, and Li of only 1.1%. Furthermore, the obtained Al-phytates could be decomposed to form Al(PO3)3 products at 1000 °C. The whole process not only realized the efficient removal of Al(III) and Fe(III) at low pH with minimal loss of Ni, Co, Mn, and Li but also reduced the emission of wastes and utilized the Al resources.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2021
·
IF 10.588
Yongqing Ren,Hao Li,Jinxin Liu,Mengdie Zhou,Jianming Pan
Self-propelled micromotor (SPM) plays a vital role in recycling of lithium (Li + ) from wastewater in battery industry. In this work, a crescent-shaped micromotor sorbent (CSMSs) with sulfonic group on convex surface was prepared by Janus emulsion to extract Li + . Using sodium p-styrene sulfonate as a functional monomer , well-designed CSMSs was prepared by UV-induced monomer interfacial polymerization, and their pit size can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of two incompatible oils (ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate and liquid paraffin). In addition, MnO 2 nanoparticles , which embedded into concave interface, generated O 2 bubbles in the presence of H 2 O 2 , and constant circular or line motion of CSMSs was observed. Zeta potential of CSMSs was −51.66 eV at pH = 10, and strong electrostatic attraction between sulfonate groups and Li + endowed the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 31 mg g −1 at 25 °C. Self-propelled effect further enhanced kinetic performance for Li + , and equilibrium time can be reduced from original 10–6.0 h, suggesting autonomous movement achieves rapid mixing and mass transportation. After three adsorption/desorption cycles, the adsorption capacity of the material remains above 90%. This simple and large-scale preparation strategy provided a synthetic method for functional and Janus SPM, as well as sorbents for Li + enrichment.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2021
·
IF 4.527
Xiang Ji,Xinyi Dai,Fuzhong Wu,Yi Mai,Haijun Chen,Yijing Gu
LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 (LNMO) is a promising next-generation cathode material for high energy density lithium-ion batteries, but the application of LNMO is blocked because of its inherent side effects with electrolytes at high voltages, namely, serious Mn dissolution and capacity attenuation. A novel LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5-x Sr x O 4 material (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2) was successfully prepared using the sol-gel method, and the effect of varying in situ Sr 2+ -doping on the crystal structure, morphology, and electrochemical performance was researched. A series of characterizations showed that the Sr-doped LNMO structure contains less Mn 3+ , which enhances its cycling stability. In addition, Sr doping promotes morphological changes more remarkably. Accompanied by the appearance of (100) surfaces, the morphology of LNMO changes from an octahedron to a truncated octahedron. The (100) surface can effectively inhibit side reactions with the electrolyte and steady the structure at the working voltage, which also helps support Li + transport kinetics. The Sr-doped LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.4 Sr 0.1 O 4 (expressed as LNMO-Sr0.1) cathode exhibits preeminent cycling stability, after 500 cycles at 1C, the capacity retention is 86.63 %. CV and EIS results show that the right amount of Sr doping efficiently reduces electrode polarization and charge transfer resistance and increases the Li + diffusion coefficient .
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JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2021
·
IF 6.789
Ying Zhang,Yujie Luo,Shiqi Fu,Xiulong Lv,Qian He,Fangying Ji,Xuan Xu
UVC (wavelength < 280 nm) has a wide range of applications in the field of water disinfection due to its excellent bactericidal performance. In this work, we synthesized an upconversion luminescent material, β-NaYF 4 : Pr 3+ , Li + (NYF), which can generate UVC, and compounded it with a BiOCl photocatalyst to synthesize β-NaYF 4 : Pr 3+ , Li + @BiOCl (NYF-Bi) with a core-shell structure. The NYF-Bi composite material can be driven under visible light and has high photocatalytic activity . The bactericidal performance of NYF and NYF-Bi were evaluated using Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Shigella and Salmonella . The NYF-Bi composite material killed 99.99% of E. coli under visible light (λ ≥ 420 nm) within 180 min and maintained high germicidal efficacy after 4 cycles. Finally, we deduced the sterilization mechanism of the NYF-Bi composite material through carrier dynamics studies and catching agent experiments. The death of bacteria was mainly caused by UVC light and active species , including h + , OH, and O- 2. This research provides a new material for water disinfection.
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ChemSusChem
·
2021
·Vol. 14
·期 9
·2067-2075
·
IF 8.928
Sen Jiang,Haihua Wu,Junying Yin,Zhihua Wei,Jiahao Wu,Lai Wei,Dunfeng Gao,Xin Xu,Yunfang Gao
Graphical Enhanced electrolyte : Ultralow-cost benzoic anhydride (BA), as a promising bifunctional electrolyte additive to capture hydrogen fluoride and H 2 O as well as to construct a robust cathode-electrolyte interface on the LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 (NCM811) cathode surface, effectively improves the cycling performance and rate capability of high-voltage Li-ion batteries with LiPF 6 -based electrolyte. High-voltage LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 (NCM811)-based Li-ion batteries (LIBs) with enhanced performance can be achieved by properly tailoring the electrolyte systems. Benzoic anhydride (BA) was proposed here as a promising bifunctional electrolyte additive that can not only construct a robust cathode-electrolyte interface (CEI) film on the electrode surface but also capture HF/H 2 O in the electrolyte effectively. Compared to the cell without the BA additive, the capacity of Li/NCM811 half-cell with 1.0 wt % BA was increased from 128.5 to 149.6 mAh g −1 after 200 cycles at 1 C between 3.0 and 4.3 V. Even at a higher cut-off voltage of 4.5 V, the BA-containing Li/NCM811 half-cell delivered a capacity retention of 69 % after 200 cycles, much higher than that of the half-cell without the additive (56 %). Both theoretical calculation and experimental results verified that the BA additive could be preferentially oxidized to form a stable interface film with high conductivity that protected the NCM811 cathode and suppressed the decomposition of the electrolyte.
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Nanomaterials
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 9
·1629
·
IF 4.324
Ranran Jiao,Li Zhao,Shuli Zhou,Yanjun Zhai,Denghu Wei,Suyuan Zeng,Xianxi Zhang
In this study, a simple method was adopted for the synthesis of MnO@C nanocomposites by combining in-situ reduction and carbonization of the Mn3O4precursor. The carbon content, which was controlled by altering the annealing time in the C2H2/Ar atmosphere, was proved to have great influences on the electrochemical performances of the samples. The relationships between the carbon contents and electrochemical performances of the samples were systematically investigated using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) as well as the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. The results clearly indicated that the carbon content could influence the electrochemical performances of the samples by altering the Li+diffusion rate, electrical conductivity, polarization, and the electrochemical mechanism. When being used as the anode materials in lithium-ion batteries, the capacity retention rate of the resulting MnO@C after 300 cycles could reach 94% (593 mAh g−1, the specific energy of 182 mWh g−1) under a current density of 1.0 A g−1(1.32 C charge/discharge rate). Meanwhile, this method could be easily scaled up, making the rational design and large-scale application of MnO@C possible.Keywords:MnO@C nanocomposites;carbon content;current density;lithium-ion battery;transition metal oxide anode
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